High-voltage Electrical Shock Research Articles

Experimental studies of spiral wave teleportation in a light sensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky system.

Cardiac arrythmias are a form of heart disease that contributes toward making heart disease a significant cause of death globally. Irregular rhythms associated with cardiac arrythmias are thought to arise due to singularities in the heart tissue that generate reentrant waves in the underlying excitable medium. A normal approach to removing such singularities is to apply a high voltage electric shock, which effectively resets the phase of the cardiac cells. A concern with the use of this defibrillation technique is that the high-energy shock can cause lasting damage to the heart tissue. Various theoretical works have investigated lower-energy alternatives to defibrillation. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a low-energy defibrillation method in an experimental 2D Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) system. When implemented as a 2D spatial reaction, the BZ reaction serves as an effective analog of general excitable media and supports regular and reentrant wave activity. The defibrillation technique employed involves targeted low-energy perturbations that can be used to "teleport" and/or annihilate singularities present in the excitable BZ medium.

Skin Care Experience of a Case of Multiple Organ Failure Caused by High-Voltage Electrical Injury

Background: High-voltage electrical burns are caused by the direct transmission of electric current through the body and the conversion of electric energy into heat energy, which directly heats the tissues and leads to organ function damage. Especially after high-voltage electric burns (more than 1000W), it can not only cause coagulation necrosis of the skin and even carbonization, but also cause serious deep tissue damage .The degree of tissue damage depends on the type of current, the magnitude of current, the frequency, the voltage, the resistance of the tissue, the skin humidity, the duration, the contact area, and other factors. Low voltage and low frequency electric shock mainly affect the heart and respiration, which can lead to insignificant soft tissue damage. High voltage electric shock mainly causes serious soft tissue damage, which can be accompanied by changes in the circulatory system and respiratory system.[1] Subject and Method: We collected the data of a case of multiple organ failure caused by high-voltage electricity that was successfully treated in July 2023.In the course of this patient's successful treatment, The main nursing measures were analyzed: The intake and output volume were actively controlled. Albumin supplementation, Debridement and dressing change were performed daily, Covered with nano-silver ion dressing, Try to ensure a sterile environment during operation, Maintain ambient temperature and humidity. Results: Twenty days later,the skin damage caused by electric burns was reduced from 30% to 1%. Conclusion: These are very important links: The intake and output volume were actively controlled, The balance of intake and output was maintained for 24 hours, and lactic acid was less than 2mmol/L. Albumin supplementation Controlled above 30g/L, Debridement and dressing change were performed daily, Covered with nano-silver ion dressing, Try to ensure a sterile environment during operation, Maintain ambient temperature 28~30℃ and humidity 40%~50%.

Lung Parenchymal Damage Due to High Voltage Electric Shock

In electric shocks, lung tissue is a poor conductor and has low resistance. Therefore, they are not very sensitive to the development of tissue damage due to electric current. In this study, we wanted to present a rare case of lung parenchymal burn as a result of electric shock. A 21-year-old male patient was brought to the emergency department by ambulance after being electrocuted with a current of 15,000 volts after contact with a high voltage line while working with a construction machine. The general condition of the patient was good and vital signs were stable. However, his pulse oxygen value was 74 and his breathing was slightly tachypneic. There were no lesions in the chest and abdomen due to electrical burns. Radiologic imaging showed bilateral diffuse tissue damage in the lung tissue. The patient was referred to a tertiary care institution with an intensive care burn unit. In traumas caused by high-voltage electric shock, burns on the body surface may be insufficient to determine the severity of the trauma. A multidisciplinary approach must be provided to these patients.

Intramuscular hemorrhages in the pathway of an electric current through the body — two case reports

Intramuscular hemorrhages at autopsy can have a variety of traumatic as well as non-traumatic causes, but their recognition in electrical deaths is almost a rarity. We report on two autopsy cases of electrical fatalities, the first relating to a portion of the right upper human extremity, consisting (only) of the forearm and hand, while the other case relates to a female child who died after a high voltage electrical shock. In both cases, layered dissection of the upper limb revealed fresh intramuscular hemorrhages in the skeletal muscles that could be topographically related to the path taken by the current through the body. Externally visible electric marks were present in both cases. The hemorrhages were most likely caused by current-induced tetanic muscle contractions, producing an internal muscle trauma with rupture of fibers and bleedings. In complex situations, such as inconspicuous marks or a complete lack of visible signs on the body, the finding may be helpful in solving the case in consideration of the case history and circumstances. The vitality, topography, and pattern of the hemorrhages are discussed in the light of the available literature.

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock - a case report

In modern reconstructive medicine, personalized bone substitutes provide therapeutic hope for patients with non-standard bone defects. The study aims to present a description of a case of using a personalized bone substitute material, taking into account the vascular connections formed after a previous skin transplant. 
 The 29-year-old patient was admitted to the plastic surgery department urgently after being electrocuted with high voltage. Due to extensive scalp burns, a skin graft was performed in the area of previously removed skin along with a charred skull bone vault. 
 After a few months, the patient was qualified for cranioplasty with the use of personalized bone substitutes. The necessity to make cuts around the vascular connections present in the transplanted tissue was the main difficulty in the for the operator. 
 The operation was successful and the recovery was uneventful. The patient was discharged home in good general and local condition. 
 The presented case illustrates the need to take into account creating vascular connections with the use of personalized bone substitutes in patients after skin transplants.

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Multidisciplinary approach for a severe head burn caused by high-voltage electrical shock – a case report

Removal of spiral turbulence by virtual electrodes through the use of a circularly polarized electric field.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death and is often accompanied by cardiac fibrillation. Defibrillation using the virtual electrode effects is a promising alternative compared to using the high-voltage electric shock in the clinic. Our earlier works [S. L. Murphy, K. D. Kochanek, J. Xu, and E. Arias, NCHS Data Brief 427 (2021); R. A. Gray, A. M. Pertsov, and J. Jalife, Nature 392, 75-78 (1998); F. X. Witkowski, L. J. Leon, P. A. Penkoske, W. R. Giles, M. L. Spano, W. L. Ditto, and A. T. Winfree, Nature 392, 78-82 (1998); M. Santini, C. Pandozi, G. Altamura, G. Gentilucci, M. Villani, M. C. Scianaro, A. Castro, F. Ammirati, and B. Magris, J. Interv. Card. Electrophysiol. 3, 45-51 (1999).] prove that, compared with other external electric fields, a low voltage circularly polarized electric field is more efficient in turning non-excitable defects in cardiac tissue into virtual electrodes. It, therefore, needs lower voltage to stimulate the excitation waves and causes less harm to reset the spiral turbulence of cardiac excitation for defibrillation. In this paper, we investigate the virtual electrode effect of multiple defects by the circularly polarized electric field for the removal of spiral turbulence. Considering different shapes, sizes, and distributions of multiple defects, we reveal the phase locking of stimulated excitations around multiple virtual electrodes. Furthermore, the circularly polarized electric field parameters are optimized to remove the spiral turbulence.

Prevalence of Cardiac Arrhythmias, Clinical Spectrum and Complications of Electrical Injury

Background: Electrical accidents (EA) are rare, but can cause serious and potentially life-threatening injuries to multiple organs. The majority of epidemiological data refers to workplace accidents which account for a significant share of such accidents in adults. Exposure to electric shock has been associated with an increased risk of developing immediate and delayed cardiac arrhythmias. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and different symptoms in patient with high voltage and low voltage electrical injury. Methods: This was observational prospective study was carried out at the Dept. of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College Hospital, Faridpur, Bangladesh from January to June 2021. 51 consecutive patients with electrical injury who were admitted. Admission criteria were age ≥15 years, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest, electrocardiographic abnormalities, soft tissue damage and burns. Patients were categorized into high and low voltage injury group and their variables were compared. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.3±10.4 years among them 41 (82.3%) were male. Patients who sustain high voltage electrical injury (>1000V) were 18 (35.2%) and low voltage injury (<1000V) were 33 (64.7%).Cardiac arrhythmias like sinus tachycardia (11.1% vs 6.0%, p=0.054), sinus bradycardia (11.1% vs 3.0% p=0.254), ventricular premature beats (5.6% vs3.0%, p=0.674), atrial fibrillation (11.1% vs 0%, p=0.054) were observed in high voltage and low voltage group. The commonest presenting symptoms in both groups were pain (77.8% vs 81.8% p=0.560) and fatigue (55.6% vs 39.3%, p=0.328). Conclusion: In this study few non-fatal cardiac arrhythmias were observed in both high and low voltage electrical injury group. Parameters considered to be risk factors such as known structural heart disease, loss of consciousness, high voltage electric shock, burn and soft tissue injuries were also not significant predictors of the occurrence of arrhythmias. There is no significant difference in the presenting symptoms and types of arrhythmias observed between low voltage and high voltage injury group.

A delayed presentation of bilateral anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder from a domestic electric supply

Bilateral anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder secondary to a high voltage electric shock is extremely rare, with only a few case reports available. To our knowledge, a prolonged delayed presentation (>4weeks) of an anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder has not yet been reported in the English literature. We report an unusual case of a bilateral anterior fracture-dislocation of the shoulder, following an electric shock from a high voltage domestic electric supply. The patient was treated operatively with an open-reduction of both dislocated shoulder joints, followed by splinting immobilisation of the joint in full internal rotation for 3 weeks and attendance to physiotherapy for 6 months. At the last follow-up after more than 10 years after the injury, the patient was pain free with no impingement of activities of daily living and had returned to his former job.

A delayed presentation of bilateral anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder from a domestic electric supply

Bilateral anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder secondary to a high voltage electric shock is extremely rare, with only a few case reports available. To our knowledge, a prolonged delayed presentation (>4 weeks) of an anterior fracture dislocation of the shoulder has not yet been reported in the English literature. We report an unusual case of a bilateral anterior fracture-dislocation of the shoulder, following an electric shock from a high voltage domestic electric supply. The patient was treated operatively with an open-reduction of both dislocated shoulder joints, followed by splinting immobilisation of the joint in full internal rotation for 3 weeks and attendance to physiotherapy for 6 months. At the last follow-up after more than 10 years after the injury, the patient was pain free with no impingement of activities of daily living and had returned to his former job.

Electric Shock Analysis Based on AHP-DEMATEL Model in High-Voltage Switch Room

Electric shock accident in high-voltage switch room based on AHP-DEMATEL was anaylzed. In order to solve the problem that the AHP method is too subjective and lacks the consideration of the indirect influence between events, the AHP-DEMATEL method is constructed by introducing the comprehensive weight in combination with DEMATEL. Taking the electric shock accident in high-voltage distribution room as an example, 16 accident causing factors were identified firstly, then the weight of each factor was calculated by AHP method, and the interaction between the factors was analyzed by DEMATEL method. Finally, the AHP-DEMATEL method is used to obtain the causation factors, and the comprehensive weight under indirect influence is considered. It is concluded that leakage protection failure, operating tool insulation damage and illegal live working are the important causation factors of the accidents, which provide help for the distribution of high voltage electric shock accident prevention.

The effect of high voltage electric shock on the quality attribute of carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) meat

Carp is one of the commercial freshwater fish and requires good preservation to maintain the quality of the meat. The non-thermal food preservation method that is still being developed is by using a high voltage electric shock or often called Pulse Electric Field (PEF). The research on the treatment of electric shock using PEF on carp meat has been done. This study aimed to measure the effect of high voltage electric shock on the quality of the carp fish meat. Fresh carp meat fillets were given exposure to electric shock (30 kV, 60 kV, and 90 kV; frequency 50 Hz; pulse width 0.4 s; 600 pulses) when compared with untreated as a control. The data of log total plate count (TPC) and other quality attributes were analyzed by ANOVA and advanced test with Honesly Significance Different (HSD), while non-parametric data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test. The result showed that in untreated meat fish, the log of TPC is higher than threated meat and significantly different (P < 0.05) at untreated with the treated samples. The electric shock treatment caused temperature increment from 3.3+0.7°C until 5.6+1.3°C but not significantly different between samples. Moisture content decreased significantly due to high voltage electric shock treatment. pH values ranged from 6.46+0.20 to 6.62+0.23 and were not significantly different between treatment. Meat with electric shock treated showed significantly different (P<0.05) on weight loss but not in cooking loss. There are no significant differences in hedonic value except tenderness with 60kV. On the microstructure, the treated meat looks more porous than untreated meat. It is indicating that high voltage electric shock processing was effective in the maintenance of carp meat qualities.

Cataract following electric shock - Case report

Ocular trauma is the under-recognized cause of unilateral blindness particularly in developing nations.The growing demand on generated electricity has also led to increase in electricity related occupational trauma. We report a case of bilateral cataract in a 22 years professional electrician. He survived a high voltage electric shock and sustained burn injury on the right side of his head. Ocular examination revealed typical anterior as well as posterior subcapsular cataract in right eye and visually insignificant early anterior subcapsular vacuoles in the left eye. There was a significant difference in lenticular opacification density in between these two eyes. Uneventful phacoemulsification and foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed in the right eye and the sufferer was rehabilitated with normal best corrected visual acuity. The possibility of ocular complications and importance of ocular screening is emphasized in the survivors of electrical injury. The lenticular opacities can be successfully managed with surgery, however the final visual acuity depends on damage to other vital ocular structures. The clinical features, pathogenic mechanism of these opacities and review of the literatures are discussed.

Injury of Corticospinal tract and Corticoreticular pathway caused by high-voltage electrical shock: a case report

BackgroundWe imaged the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticoreticular pathway (CRP) using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) to evaluate the cause of muscle weakness in a patient who was exposed to high-voltage electricity.Case presentationA 39-year-old man presented with quadriparesis after high-voltage electrical shock from power lines while working about 5.8 years ago. The electrical current entered through the left hand and exited through the occipital area of the head. The degree of weakness on bilateral upper and lower extremities was 3–4 on the Medical Research Council strength scale. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed 5.8 years after onset. The CST and CRP were depicted by placing two regions of interest for each neural tract on the two-dimensional fractional anisotropy color map. DTT of the DTI scan showed that the bilateral CST and CRP were thinned compared to those of the healthy control subject. On the nerve conduction test, abnormal findings suggesting peripheral nerve lesion were not observed. Therefore, injury of bilateral CST and CRP seems to have contributed to our patient’s weakness after the electrical shock.ConclusionDepiction of neural tracts in the brain using DTT can assist in the accurate and detailed evaluation of the cause of neural deficit after electrical injury.

A case report of monocular retinal and optic nerve injury caused by high-voltage electric shock

A case report of monocular retinal and optic nerve injury caused by high-voltage electric shock

A damage in the macular area nerve sensory layer after a high-voltage electrical shock injury: a case report

A damage in the macular area nerve sensory layer after a high-voltage electrical shock injury: a case report

Neurogenic heterotopic ossifi cation – case study

The authors presented the case of a 30-year-old man in whom sudden cardiac arrest occurred as a result of high voltage electric shock. Starting from the 2nd week after the accident, rehabilitation was carried out in hospital conditions, designed to maintain range of motion in the joints, and from the 6th week, intensive rehabilitation was performed at the patient’s home. Despite the implemented treatment, total mobility restriction was observed in the hip joints, and based on spatial projection radiography and a CT, the patient was diagnosed with massive neurogenic heterotopic ossifi cation (NHO). Two surgeries were performed to remove the NHO: fi rst, from the left area (15th month after the accident), and then the right hip joint (18th month following the accident). After the intervention there was a signifi cant increase in mobility of both hips and a decrease in pain, which resulted in signifi cantly improved functional capabilities of the patient. In addition, prophylaxis to prevent the recurrence of NHO was implemented in order to maintain both passive and active range of motion, and the use of physical therapy treatments in the form of deep oscillation were performed. The results of the CT conducted in the 41st month following the accident revealed lesser NHO than the originally diagnosed. Rolka Ł., Browiński D., Kwiatek-Rolka K., Sielska M., Sielski G., Nyka W.M. Neurogenic heterotopic ossification – case study. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(4): 22-27. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5482

Electric cataract: a report of two cases and a review of the literature

We report two cases of electrical cataract developing after a high-voltage electric shock. Both patients had undergone cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, both of them achieved visual acuity of 6/6. Most of the times outcomes after the cataract surgeries are excellent provided that other ocular structures are undamaged. Anterior subcapsular opacity may hamper the lens nutrition and lead to cataract formation.