High Tension Wires Research Articles

Rehabilitation of Partial Hand Amputations in Pakistan

Objective: To describe prosthetic/cosmetic rehabilitation of partial hand amputations.
 Study Design: Case series.
 Place and Duration of Study: Out Patient Department (OPD) of the Rehabilitation Department Combined Military Hospital Multan from Jul to May 2020.
 Methodology: Patients with partial hand amputations, due to any cause, reporting to OPD of Rehabilitation Department in CMH Multan were included. Demographic data (age, gender, education), cause, type and duration of injury and cosmetic intervention were documented. 
 Results: A total of 10 patients were recruited. All the participants were males. The mean age of the patients was 34.1 ± 2.8 years. The average duration of amputation was 5.2 ± 1.7 years. The most common cause of amputation was blast injury (n=3), followed by injury with heavy machinery (n=2), firearm injury (n=2), fall from the train (n=1), electric injury by high tension wire (n=1), and frostbite (n=1). The type of amputation included: left transmetacarpal with thumb sparing (n=3), ray amputation of the right index finger (n=3), right transmetacarpal with thumb sparing (n=1), ray amputation of the right middle finger (n=1), amputation left partial thumb and index finger (n=1), the right fourth and fifth finger amputation (n=1). All the patients could carry out activities of daily living even without a prosthesis. Ottobock silicon finger fillers with cosmetic sleeves were provided to all the patients.
 Conclusion: Aesthetically acceptable silicon finger fillers are the mainstay of rehabilitation of hand amputations in lower-middle-income countries with poor access to rehabilitation.

Lower trapezius myocutaneous flap repairs adjacent deep electrical burn wounds

BackgroundLocal tissue damage caused by electrical burns is often deep and severe. High-voltage electrical burns are common in the head, neck and torso areas. These are mostly caused by direct contact with the power supply and are often accompanied by deep injuries of the nerve, blood vessel, muscle, tendon, and bone. We must pay great attention to the clinical treatment of these parts injured by electrical burn.Case presentationThe first case involved a migrant worker who touched a 6-kV high-tension wire when welding steel; this electric shock caused burns in many places. Deep electrical burn wounds were mainly located on the left shoulder and back, characterized by widespread skin and soft tissue defect and bone necrosis. We utilized a lower trapezius myocutaneous flap to repair these wounds in the neck and back caused by deep electrical burns. The flap survived completely and the wound was effectively repaired. The function and shape of the shoulder and back after the restoration were satisfactory. The second case involved a 29-year-old who accidentally touched a high-voltage wire while working and was burned by a 30,000-V electric shock. His wounds were mainly located on the left head, neck, back and left upper limbs. We designed a 30 cm × 12 cm right trapezius myocutaneous flap which completely covered the wound surface; the electrical burn wounds on the neck and back were effectively repaired. After the electrical burn wound was repaired, the neck function returned to normal with a satisfactory shape.ConclusionThe authors report two cases of patients who were burned by high voltage. We used lower trapezius myocutaneous flaps to repair their wounds, which achieved satisfactory clinical results. This study has provided a reliable surgical method for the clinical treatment of deep electrical burn wounds in the neck, shoulders and back.

Death due to Accidental Electrocution: Social Aspects: A Case Report

Background: The passage of electric current through human body can produce multiple effects, commonly known as Electrocution. The passage of electric current through the body produces wide range of effects, varying from insignificant localized spasm, little or no contact burns, fatality with little or no burns or extreme severe burning. Case Report: A detailed history of the incident revealed that the bike rider skid and fell on the water logged road in rainy season and came in contact with the high tension wire and was electrocuted. The second person tried to attend to the bike driver and he also came in contact with the same wire and died instantly. Autopsy revealed external electrocution injuries on both deceased. Both these deaths were accidental in nature and were preventable. Histopathological examination of the electric contact point showed elongation and streaming of nuclei with focal inter-epidermal and epidermal-dermal separation. Conclusion: This present article focuses on need for proper development of water drainage system especially during rainy season and also to generate public awareness regarding regular supervision of roadside Electric pole and wires which could prevent similar accidents. A detailed history regarding the incidence, scene visit, circumstantial evidence, statement of witness and proper postmortem examination with the histopathological examination are recommended prior to concluding the cause of death in case of alleged death due to electrocution. The data can be used for further planning and implementation of adequate measures to prevent accidents and thereby benefit the society.

Use of palatal prosthesis to correct an acquired palatal cleft in a cat: a case report

Palatal malformations rarely occur in small animals. Palatal clefts can affect the upper lip, hard palate, and soft palate, and may be congenital or acquired in origin. The most common acquired forms result from the excision of oral neoplasia, teeth extraction, perforating lesions, automobile accidents, and electric accidents. Clinical signs of a fissured palate are sneezing, purulent nasal discharge, salivary secretion in nasal discharge, difficulty feeding and drinking, and pneumonia due to aspiration, which are the most severe alterations and can lead to death. The treatment of palatal clefts consists of occlusion of the oronasal communication, which can be performed using mucoperiosteal grafts, pedicled flaps, or palatal obturators. Herein, we report a case of an acquired palatal cleft treated with a palatal obturator in a feline patient who bit a high-tension wire. Two attempts of surgical correction had been unsuccessful, resulting in suture dehiscence and perpetuation of the oronasal fistula. After fixation of the obturator, the animal showed remission of all clinical signs. The animal has survived for over one year with improved quality of life.

Human-raptor conflict in rural settlements of Colombia.

In human-transformed landscapes, predators may feed on domesticated animals, and thus affect human well-being, creating negative perceptions and leading to conflict with people that can result in the persecution of the predator. We studied the factors that influence the perception of the Black-and-chestnut Eagle (Spizaetus isidori) in four rural Andean communities in Colombia and compiled historical and recent evidence on the persecution and other causes of mortality of this species in the country. We applied 267 questionnaires and conducted 16 interviews with local inhabitants, via visits to homes and schools in the surroundings of S. isidori nests. The perception of S. isidori by the inhabitants was largely negative and influenced by different socio-demographic factors such as gender, chicken (Gallus gallus) ownership, and chicken management. The records we obtained indicate that 47 eagles were shot, 16 were captured (three for illegal trafficking) and two were electrocuted on high-tension wires. The persecution of S. isidori occurs as retaliation or as a preventative measure against chicken predation, and is a significant cause of mortality of this species in Colombia. Effective conservation planning for S. isidori in Colombia needs to go further than the protected areas system, and include a socioecological perspective in conservation practices applied at landscapes scales that are dominated by people. Education programs and socioecological research, along with participatory work in local communities are key to the conservation of S. isidori in breeding territories. This approach can also prevent conflict over food resources—G. gallus and other poultry—that are shared by humans and S. isidori in rural landscapes.

Electromagnetic Field and Changing the Ambient Temperature of High Tension Wires

Electromagnetic Field and Changing the Ambient Temperature of High Tension Wires

High voltage electrocution injury – A case report

High voltage electrical injuries are comparatively unusual but show a high rate of mortality. A dead body of a truck driver who died while his truck trapped in overhead high-voltage cables was brought for post-mortem examination. The autopsy revealed typical electrocution injuries with first and second-degree burns, peeled off epidermis and flash burns around the body at different areas. The severity of electric shock varies between simple harmless shock to death. The passage of electric current through the body produces wide range of effects, varying from insignificant localized spasm, little or no contact burns, fatality with little or no burns or extreme severe burning. This case report discusses the injuries sustained by a young adult drive while driving a truck, due to accidental contact of vehicle with overhead high-tension wire. Keywords: High-voltage electrocution, Accidental contact, Burns, Electrical injuries.

Role of Magnetorheological Fluids and Elastomers in Today’s World

Abstract This paper explains the role of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in today’s world. A review of applications of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in devices and machines is presented. Magnetorheological fluids and elastomers belong to the smart materials family. Properties of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers can be controlled by a magnetic field. Compared with magnetorheological fluids, magnetorheological elastomers overcome the problems accompanying applications of MR fluids, such as sedimentation, sealing issues and environmental contamination. Magnetorheological fluids and elastomers, due to their ability of dampening vibrations in the presence of a controlled magnetic field, have great potential present and future applications in transport. Magnetorheological fluids are used e.g. dampers, shock absorbers, clutches and brakes. Magnetorheological dampers and magnetorheological shock absorbers are applied e.g. in damping control, in the operation of buildings and bridges, as well as in damping of high-tension wires. In the automotive industry, new solutions involving magnetorheological elastomer are increasingly patented e.g. adaptive system of energy absorption, system of magnetically dissociable [hooks/detents/grips], an vibration reduction system of the car’s drive shaft. The application of magnetorheological elastomer in the aviation structure is presented as well.

‘The Town is Surrounded:’ From Climate Concerns to life under Wind Turbines in La Ventosa, Mexico

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec region of southwest Oaxaca, Mexico, known locally as the Istmo, was identified in 2003 as a prime site for wind energy development. Supported by climate change mitigation legislation, a ‘wind rush’ engulfed the Istmo. Now, La Ventosa sits surrounded by high-tension wires and wind turbines, some only 280 meters from homes. This paper argues that new valuations of wind resources based on market mechanisms and anthropogenic climate change laws are intensifying the destructive trajectory of the industrial economy. There are benefits for land owners and political authorities, and what amounts to token civil works projects for the town. But the majority of people interviewed expressed dissatisfaction towards the existence of wind parks surrounding the town. Instead of collective benefits, the wind parks brought different degrees of health concerns, enormous increases in land, rent, food, and electricity prices, as well as insecurity. The findings here demonstrate that wind energy development, encouraged by climate change mitigation policies, is intensifying pre-existing trends towards inequality and poverty in La Ventosa. Meanwhile, the destructive operations of the global industrial economy are renewed, using market-based approaches to mitigating anthropogenic climate change.

Accidental High Voltage Electrocution: a Case Report

Background : Without electricity, mankind wouldn’t have progressed to the heights we are at now. As much as electricity is helpful, being careless with it can be fatal. The passage of electric current through the body produces wide range of effects, varying from insignificant localised spasm, little or no contact burns, fatality with little or no burns or extreme severe burning. Case Report: This case report discusses the injuries sustained by a young adult, due to accidental contact with high tension wire. Conclusion: This paper also highlights safety rules pertaining to high voltage cables.

Abstract: High Voltage Electrical Burn Injuries of Hand in Children: A Clinico-Aetiological Study and Role of a Doctor in Its Prevention

INTRODUCTION: Electrical burn injuries are very devastating and are always a challenge for reconstruction and rehabilitation.1 Children are generally at high risk because of their natural curiosity to explore things.2,3 Once injured and amputated at this learning age, they are unable to attend school and fall behind their peers and ultimately affecting their capability to earn a livelihood. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to analyse the burden of high voltage electrical hand injuries, aetiological factors, pattern of injuries, to contemplate the various preventive measures and to discuss and promote the role of doctors especially hand surgeon in its prevention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 83 children below the age of 14 years with high voltage electrical injuries admitted in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Dec 2014. Out of these, 75 patients had injury to their hand which resulted in partial or complete amputaions (32+43). All children were evaluated for etiological factors, pattern of injuries, educational status of the child as well as parents and intervention done. A study specific 10 point questionnaire was prepared to gain insight into the etio-sociological parameters associated with these injuries. Simultaneously an awareness campaign educating the population at risk was initiated (with hand surgeon as the chief campaigner along with few treated patients to play as role model). This included outreach programs in areas from where there was high patient input as well as educating the family of the patient at the time of discharge and every follow up. RESULTS: Most common cause was accidental contact with the overhead high voltage live wire. Other reasons were illegal connection with high tension wires and transformers, coming in contact with broken live wires in fields, kite flying and railway tract accidents. Most common age group affected was 10 to 14 years. In the last one year it was found out that those areas in which special camps were organized had a statistically significant drop in the incidence of these injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of high voltage electrical injuries is higher among the uneducated & unsupervised children. This study emphasizes the role of doctor in prevention of these crippling catastrophic hand injuries by identifying and educating the population at risk and more importantly saving the hands of future. DISCLOSURE/FINANCIAL SUPPORT:None REFERENCES 1. Edich RF, Farinholt HM, Winters KL et al. Modern concepts of treatment and prevention of electrical burns. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2005; 15: 511–32. 2. Nafs F, Aromir F, Carreira S et al. High tension electrical burns: a review of 85 patients. Eur J Plast Surg 1993; 16: 84. 3. Tomkins KL, Holland AJ. Electrical burn injuires in children. J Paediatr Child health 2008; 44: 727–730.

특수 고장력전선을 사용한 장경간 가공송전선로 설계

특수 고장력전선을 사용한 장경간 가공송전선로 설계

Pattern of Electrical Injuries in IT City Bangalore-An Autopsy based Retrospective Study

Electricity is an integral part of modern society. Bangalore is an IT hub of India, so the use of electricity and electrical appliances is more in this city. It is an autopsy based retrospective study to know the pattern of electrical injuries in fatal electrocution cases. The study was carried out in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Victoria Hospital, attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, during the period of 12 months from January 2014 to December 2014. During the study period total 3500 medicolegal autopsies were conducted out of which 41 (1.17%) were fatal electrocution cases. Majority 20 (48.8%) of cases of fatal electrocution were young adults in the age group of 21–30 years followed by 31–40 years which include 7 (17.1%) cases. Majority of victims were male 35 (85.4%). In majority 16 (39%) of cases incidence of electrocution occurred at work place followed by home which include 15 (36.6%) cases. In most of the cases 19 (46.3%), there were only entry wounds. While in 1 (2.4%) case there was no electrical mark on the body at all. In majority of cases 31 (75.6%) electric contact marks were present on upper limbs including palms and fingers. In most of the cases 29 (70.7%) surrounding area of electrocution was dry. Most of the victims of electrocution 24 (58.5%) died immediately without any treatment. 21 (51.2%) of victims got electrocuted with high voltage current after coming in contact with high tension wires while 20 (48.8%) died due to low voltage current.

Electrical injury of external genitalia and reconstruction with gracilis muscle flap

The high-voltage electrical injury is not uncommon, but the involvement of the genitalia and the perineum is rare. Our patient is a 29-year-old female with electrical injury from a high-tension wire and had injury to the perineum, genitalia, and lower limbs with negligible involvement of the upper limbs. There was a loss of the lower half of the labia majora and she had a tissue defect on the left side of the perineum. The reconstruction was performed with the use of pedicled gracilis flap with a good outcome.

A Study of Gender Politics Shown in the Invisible Man Motif: Focused on Novels of the 1990s

This paper studies the gender politics of the invisible man motif shown in Kim Young-ha’s "High-tension Wires," Son Hong-gyu’s "Invisible Man," and Song Sok-ze’s "Invisible Man." The concept, closely related to flexible gender and social structure, shows the gender politics of an unconscious level in the text. Therefore, this paper studies the gender politics of our society by focusing on the relationship between the male gender and specific periods of modern and contemporary history, including the 1997 economic crisis and the 2008 candlelight vigil. Kim Young-ha’s "High-tension Wires" depicted a man who admitted only customary masculinity, as the economic leaders of the male gender met their downfall into the invisible man during the 1997 economic crisis. As a result, he tries to recover his “crashed” masculinity through sexual deviation, such as pornography, with a female classmate--but such attempts are frustrated due to the reversal of gender structure. Son Hong-gyu’s "Invisible Man" has showed the father wandering as he was unable to secure a new gender role as required in the era of de-authoritarianism and the “candlelight vigil.” The novel portrays the solidarity of anxiety leading up to the relationship between the father and the son, by focusing on the son’s psychological changes as he watches his father’s authority collapse. In these texts, we can see the flexible gender roles; whereas a loss of masculinity occurs among men, women occupy a dominant position by acquiring masculinity. Further, Song Sok-ze’s "Invisible Man" presents the possibility of another male gender. The men appearing in Kim’s and Son’s novels have to be invisible by adhering only to the customary male gender (masculine). Kim Man-soo, the hero of Song Sok-ze’s novel, was able to "care for his family by simultaneously performing “feminine” duties such as “care, embracing, and sacrifice,” as well as the masculine duty of “economic stimulus.” The role Kim Man-soo inhabits is different from the authoritarian masculinity and submissive femininity of the dichotomous gender structure. By subsumed masculinity and femininity, he has the appearance of a “man who sacrificed voluntarily” (masculinity and femininity of men). Through this, we are able to rediscover the meaning of flexible gender, and find the possibility of a new male gender required for contemporary times.

A study of electrocution deaths in Manipur

Background: Injury and death from the passage of electric current through the body is common in both industrial and domestic circumstances. The study has been carried out to find out the incidence of electrocution deaths in Manipur and also to detect the common source of electrocution, and study the pattern of injuries sustained by the victims. Materials and Methods: In this study, medicolegal reports of electrocution cases brought for autopsy during 2007 to 2011 at our centre have been analyzed as regards the history of the cases, police papers, and post-mortem examination findings. The findings were recorded in proformas and analyzed. Results: Twenty five cases (1.02%) were electrocution deaths and males outnumbered females. The highest number of cases was observed in the age group of 21-30 years followed by 31-40 years. Most of the victims were electrocuted on the road side (68%) and the remaining victims were electrocuted in their houses. The most common causative agent was the high tension wire (60%) followed by the home appliances (28%). 80% of the cases died on the spot and the majority of these victims were electrocuted by the high tension wires. All the electrocution deaths in the present series were accidental cases and no homicidal or suicidal cases were observed. Conclusion: The risk of getting electrocuted from the haphazardly installed electric wires without proper maintenance in most parts of this place is indeed a matter of concern. The spread of awareness and adoption of safety measures are important factors required for prevention of fatal electrocution.

Thermomechanically treated high-carbon wire rod for high-tension wire

In twist tests of high-tension bronzed wire (diameter 1.55–1.83 mm) produced by direct drawing from thermomechanically treated wire rod (diameter 5.5 mm), lamination of the metal may be completely eliminated if the carbon and manganese content is reduced and chromium is added.

Problèmes sanitaires d’élevage imputés à des phénomènes électriques : bilan de 11 années d’études de terrain

Cette communication a pour but de présenter les résultats d’investigations vétérinaires dans des élevages, essentiellement producteurs de lait, situés au voisinage de lignes électriques à haute tension (400 et 225 KV), en France pendant la période 1999-2010. Ces expertises, gratuites et bénévoles, furent réalisées dans le cadre du Groupe Permanent de Sécurité Électrique (GPSE). L’expérience résultant du suivi de ces élevages conduit à souligner l’importance de l’intervention du vétérinaire, du fait que les troubles constatés peuvent fréquemment être rapportés à des défauts d’ordre sanitaire ou zootechnique.

Gentlemen (review)

Reviewed by: Gentlemen Elizabeth Bush Northrop, Michael. Gentlemen. Scholastic, 2009 [256p]. ISBN 978-0-545-09749-9 $16.99 Reviewed from galleys R Gr. 9–12 Mr. Haberman’s remedial English class is reading Crime and Punishment this term—well, a few of them are reading it, a few are scanning the interesting parts mentioned in class, and most are ignoring it. But Mike Benton and his long-standing buddies Mixer and Bones are actually following Mr. Haberman’s lessons with uncommon interest, since their friend Tommy went missing on the same day that Haberman introduced the book with an unusually dramatic gimmick in which the class was [End Page 454] invited to try to identify the contents of a large barrel. The boys’ conversation about whether Tommy could have been a body in that barrel escalates from half-teasing banter to full-scale suspicion, and the trio confronts Mr. Haberman at his home with tragic results. The story is simple in outline but taut as a high-tension wire in execution, as the boys grapple not only with their anxiety over Tommy’s well being, but also their fracturing friendship. As Bones becomes increasingly unbalanced, Mike and Mixer are unwilling to relinquish their loyalty to him, even when he implicates them in a senseless act of violence. Northrop’s first novel should have YA readers monitoring Amazon.com for his future works. Copyright © 2009 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Jindabyne’s Haunted Alpine Country: Producing (an) Australian Badland

<i>Jindabyne</i>’s Haunted Alpine Country: Producing (an) Australian Badland