High-tech World Research Articles

Identifying and Managing Risks in High-Tech Supply Networks using Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Supply chains have become vital in enabling the smooth movement of material and information in the swiftly changing high-tech industries. By utilising technological innovations like automation and AI, supply chains may improve both safety and effectiveness at every level of the process, from manufacturing to sustainability. The necessity to adjust operations, give the adoption of technology top priority for resilience, and improve supply chain management efficiency. Transformation of the Supply Chain is becoming a choice of subject, when it comes to maintain the ideal inventory levels and Just in Time service deliveries. Both AI and ML are the utmost importance for the maintenance of the inventory or service through the technology. It not only helps in reducing the loss of opportunity costs, but also it resolves the issue of overstocks of any inventory and the enhanced level of service delivery. This ultimately results in the optimum utilization of the resources through the help of technology. Moreover, it is the win-win situation for the customer and provider. Even while technology has only recently begun to be incorporated into supply chains, the manufacturing and distribution sectors have adopted it more quickly, emphasising the need for effective risk identification and mitigation techniques. Notwithstanding the possible advantages of transforming the supply chain, there are obstacles and limitations that make an entire technological shift complex. The chapter also explores the concept explainable AI which can be understood as the set of techniques that makes the decision-making processes of AI systems comprehensible to humans. Acknowledging the inherent complexities and relationships within these chains, the goal of this chapter is to explore risk identification and management in high-tech supply networks. A competent and nimble stakeholder base can manage the complex landscape of the high-tech world through the incorporation of innovative technologies, proactive actions, and constructive alliances.

Experience of conducting integrated irregular classes in robotics

Abstract In the modern world of electronic devices, a person can bring to life any projects that make their life more comfortable and safe. The basis for such solutions is robotics. Creating and programming a robot today is quite simple. We offer the experience of conducting long-term projects that can take place in summer camps, scientific studios, and extracurricular clubs. The uniqueness of such activities lies in the combination of various types of work that help explore the topic and conduct scientific and technological research. Mastering robotics technology and understanding the principles of their operation is an important aspect of preparing modern children for a safe life in a high-tech world and successful self-realization. The foundation for the study and effective application of these technologies is mathematics, physics, engineering, and programming. Therefore, STEM education, aimed at developing competencies demanded in society, increasing motivation to study traditionally challenging subjects of the natural-mathematical cycle, is of particular importance. The peculiarity of this approach to education is project activity and transdisciplinarity, contributing to the formation of teamwork skills, critical thinking, and a comprehensive understanding of the researched problem. The article presents the experience of a volunteer project to teach robotics to children from Ukraine. Organizational conditions for conducting classes, typical difficulties, examples of projects, and the lesson scenario are provided. The proposed approach to organizing education is based on years of practical experience and can be used by educational institutions and non-profit organizations.

Dermatology practice in a high-tech world

Dermatology practice in a high-tech world

V ALL-UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION «PERSONALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF MODERN SOCIETY»

In recent years, we have openly declared our move away from the Soviet legacy in the educational sphere. And today it is important to offer interesting practice-oriented classes to the participants of the educational process that would not push a person away from the learning process, but rather encourage them to actively immerse themselves in it. After all, the high-tech world has long recognized the special importance of science and knowledge in the civilization processes of scientific and technological progress, sustainable development of national economies, and improvement of citizens' lives. The modern interactive and meaningful educational environment has a positive impact on all participants in the educational process, from children who become more confident, curious and open-minded to adults who do not stop but continue to improve and develop professionally. Despite the fact that today Ukraine is experiencing military actions of the occupier, more than a hundred destroyed and damaged schools and higher education institutions, we must lay a stable foundation for democracy, civic engagement and professional environment of people who will continue to build the Ukrainian state. Education and science predict the prospects for human development and prepare people for tomorrow, so we must start today to form conscious citizens who will rebuild the country after our victory. We are active participants in reforms in secondary education under the New Ukrainian School Concept and transformations in higher education, which are focused on the future of Ukraine and a democratic society. Therefore, the entire education system of the region and the country is balanced and focused on the optimal network of educational institutions, on improving the content and quality of educational services, which will outline new dimensions of educational activities and performance, and provide space for the use of new digital resources for the educational development of the individual. In these areas, we find the experience of European national models of education, practices of educational activities and teaching life competencies quite interesting. 16 Ukrainian science and education is gaining unique European integration experience that promotes the use of innovative pedagogical teaching methods, the development of algorithms for using digital technologies and supporting individual entrepreneurial thinking, and the development of personal language skills as a means of active communication and professional development. All of this is done to expand educational opportunities for students' learning and development. In the above contexts, the question arises: is a new strategy in the field of education and science needed? We can confidently answer that we need a strategic plan and, in general, we need to fully adopt European principles of strategic planning - to actively fill them with new principles, plans and results of the education reform. Everything is aimed at developing and building the state and a person.

ON THE ONTOLOGICAL PURPOSE OF MAN

The position is substantiated that the possibility of overcoming chaos in the value sphere and the infinity of the processes of “revaluation of values” is associated with the search and acquisition of a person’s existential purpose. If in religious teachings the processes of transcendence, movement towards the “super-rational” and “supernatural” act as a condition for the formation of absolute values, then in philosophy different types of transcendence are considered. In the modern situation, in the conditions of the “struggle against metaphysics,” it becomes relevant not only to determine meaning and significance, but also to substantiate the right to the existence of the transcendent. At the same time, it is shown that the contradictions of the rapidly developing, high-tech world are the basis for searching for ways to reach the transcendent. The concept of the transcendent is explicated in the process of considering eternal philosophical problems, such as: the search for the integrity of the world; defining the boundaries of knowledge and transformation of reality; man’s acquisition of his own existence. It is shown that the fight against various kinds of “centrisms” leads to the formation of a new integrity, the basis of which is permanent variability and multidirectionality. The success of goal-oriented rational activity ultimately leads to the formation of such problems, the overcoming of which is possible only if one goes beyond the limits of empirical reality. The value of thought lies not in the fact that it reflects the objective world, but in the possibility of a person introducing personal, original things into the world he describes. Consequently, both in religion and in philosophy, a person is endowed with an “ontological purpose”, and the question of gaining/giving up the search for being is in the horizon of his (man’s) decisions. It is concluded that without access to the transcendental, the search for personal existence, value foundations, and cognitive truths is impossible, since all forms of activity carried out within the phenomenal world will lead to stagnation. The transition from phenomenal to noumenal being is necessary in order to set a different hierarchy, form other evaluation criteria and methods of systematization.

The best pedagogical practices for teaching mathematics revisited: Using math manipulatives, children’s literature, and GeoGebra to produce math confident young people for a STEM world

Today math teachers can best reach their students and show them how math surrounds us by using manipulatives, children’s literature, and GeoGebra while teaching mathematics. These are some of the best pedagogical practices for teaching mathematics today. In our high-tech world, students need to be proficient in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. As endorsed by National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000) and stressed in common core state standards in mathematics, it is important that we teach with technology, address dispositions and math anxiety, and make the math that young people are learning pertinent and meaningful. Frequently, it may be best to start teaching young people geometry first as opposed to numbers, which are considered more abstract and difficult to learn. Geometry is one of the most tangible divisions of math and concentrating on this first can help students’ whole view of mathematics and their insolences towards learning the subject. Nowadays teachers also need to be cognizant and checking for attitudes and dispositions toward learning mathematics, as math anxiety is an issue in today’s classrooms. This paper will revisit the best pedagogical practices for teaching math the review of the use of math manipulatives, children’s books, and GeoGebra to help teachers create mathematically confident young people.

РИМСКОЕ ПРАВО И ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИЯ У ИСТОКОВ ПРАВОВЕДЕНИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭПОХИ (ПОНЯТИЙНО-ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ)

The article considers methodological features of Roman law and jurisprudence within the context of their concepto-terminological foundations. The study argues the naturalized character of Roman legal imago mundi, which became the ontological base of legal dogmatics. Taking from this Roman legal constructs were thought as functio-nominative entities derived from the natural language (terms for the legal events and processes), and not as abstract theoretical structures (concepts). The research proves the way of Roman legal cognition to be organized in the logic of “an object — a nomination — a construct”. Affecting objectively the organization of continental legal thought, this method remains in demand in jurisprudence of digital age. The author shows that basic constructs of legal dogma predetermined the impossibility of representation of many phenomena and processes of modern high-tech world, especially digital property. The study concludes that methodological issues are most significant for the legal science in digital age.

The Development of Postmodern Identity in the Characterisation of Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep

This paper shows that postmodern identity is closely related to the image of cyborg in science fiction. Analyzing the environment and characters in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, written by Philip K.Dick, offers a deep understanding of characteristics of postmodern identity, which is unstable, fragmented and changeable. The bleak urban landscape where only few people live presents a post war and high tech world that shares features of postmodernism. Besides, the character John Isidore, who is a special, and many escaped androids are all considered as others that should be excluded from the normal society. Hence the dilemma of postmodern identity can be uncovered. To be specific, the android character Rachael Rosen illustrates the fragmentation and reconstruction of postmodern female identity because she is a humanoid robot designed as a woman. Also the combination between a cyborg and a woman gives an insight into the similarities between its identity and her identity. Based on the cyborg theory by Donna Haraway, the criticism by Anne Balsamo in Reading Cyborgs Writing Feminism and the postmodern identity theory by Elena Abrudan, the extent to which Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? explored the identity can be disclosed.

The rechargeable systems of electric energy storage for the category L vehicles

BACKGROUND: The high-tech world cannot be stable essentially, therefore there are electric automobiles, electric motorcycles and other vehicles with the electric energy source alongside conventional vehicles. Due to the development of category L electric vehicles, development and manufacturing of rechargeable systems of electric energy storage (RSEES) is demanded. The design of the system of electric energy storage must meet a number of requirements given to category L electric vehicles. The system of electric energy storage as part of an electric vehicle should ensure the maximal drive range (high energy capacity) and have enough strength of ensuring the safety of a category L vehicle. One of the issues of meeting the given requirements is reducing the mass of the RSEES frame using light-alloy materials.
 AIMS: Increase of energy efficiency of the two-wheeled vehicle with an electric drive based on development of the RSEES considering mass and dimensional properties.
 METHODS: One of the methods of modelling the structural elements of a frame with similar geometrical layout but using various materials (nonferrous materials) is used. The theoretical simulation of loading at these structural elements and comparison of components with various materials are performed.
 RESULTS: The issue of reducing the mass of the RSEES is one of the problems of improvement the category L electric vehicles (EV) efficiency. Apart from increase of drive range, reducing the mass and inertial properties of the RSEES frame leads to improvement of maneuvering ability and handling of an EV. It is worth noting that the location of the rechargeable systems of electric energy storage inside an electric motorcycle positively affects energy efficiency because of lowering the center of mass, which consequently reflects on aerodynamics and driving of category L electric vehicle.
 CONCLUSIONS: The main current issue of development of the RSEES for electric vehicles including electric motorcycles is reducing its mass. One of the ways of achieving it is using variable alloys in the RSEES frame design. The method of calculation of the design of the frame of the rechargeable system of electric energy storage which allows optimal choosing of material and component geometry, that makes possible to reduce mass and dimensional properties by 20%, is shown in the article. The next stage is manufacturing of a prototype and practical testing of the PSEES for confirmation of the theoretical calculations.

Telemedicine in Ophthalmology: Lessons from the COVID-19 Era and Beyond

Abstract The progress of information and communication technologies in the era of COVID-19 created an unprecedented opportunity for medicine to adapt to new models of care. Telemedicine and telehealth have enabled medical care at a distance in various fields, including ophthalmology. The aim of this article is to review the current state and the opportunities for telemedicine in ophthalmology. Materials and methods PubMed, ScienceDirect Database, Google Scholar databases, as well as official sites of various governmental and non-governmental institutions were explored. The search was conducted between May 1, 2022 and July 31, 2022 using as key words “teleophthalmology”; “telemedicine/telehealth and ophthalmology”; “ophthalmology and COVID-19”. Results 87 primary sources were reviewed. An exploratory analysis of the current state and application of telemedicine in ophthalmology was made. Conclusion A great number of innovations have created an environment allowing for teleophthalmology to flourish, whereas the COVID-19 epidemic has accelerated the development and adoption of these digital technologies. Telemedicine has become an extremely valuable tool during a pandemic, and even if it would never fully replace in the person-to-person patient visits, it certainly has an important role in our dynamic and high-tech world.

Microbial Fuel Cell–Based Biosensors and Applications

The sustainable development of human society in today's high-tech world depends on some form of eco-friendly energy source because existing technologies cannot keep up with the rapid population expansion and the vast amounts of wastewater that result from human activity. A green technology called a microbial fuel cell (MFC) focuses on using biodegradable trash as a substrate to harness the power of bacteria to produce bioenergy. Production of bioenergy and wastewater treatment are the two main uses of MFC. MFCs have also been used in biosensors, water desalination, polluted soil remediation, and the manufacture of chemicals like methane and formate. MFC-based biosensors have gained a lot of attention in the last few decades due to their straightforward operating principle and long-term viability, with a wide range of applications including bioenergy production, treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater, biological oxygen demand, toxicity detection, microbial activity detection, and air quality monitoring, etc. This review focuses on several MFC types and their functions, including the detection of microbial activity.

Проблемы подготовки специалистов для обеспечения безопасности в горнодобывающей промышленности

The coal industry in Russia set a course for innovation in accordance with the new edition of the Development Program for the period up to 2035. This requires competent highly qualified specialists capable of implementing innovations in the fuel and energy industry. Reliability of all the engineering and technical systems depends on the qualifications and competence of a specialist, his ability to making decision, assess the situation and take responsibility for his actions at each stage of the technological process. At the same time, the role of the human factor and the level of personnel training in modern conditions are significantly increasing. Training of specialists for the mining industry began with the establishment of the Higher Mining School in 1773 in St. Petersburg. During flourishing of the USSR, the system of mining education was recognized worldwide: about 40 universities, more than 90 secondary specialized educational institutions and 154 vocational schools provided training according to the unified programs of the corresponding level of education. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the formation of modern Russia (transition of the mining enterprises into the private hands) made it necessary to reconsider both approaches to training specialists (from a knowledge system to a competency-based training system), and in the structure of content (from the individual disciplines to the types of work, professional standards for the corresponding types of activity). Introduction of the new requirements is reflected in the Federal State Educational Standards for Higher and Secondary Vocational Education. The rate of economic growth and the need to always remain in demand in the labor market encourages the revival of cooperation between educational organizations and communities of employers in the practical training of students, training and mentoring in the workplaces. These approaches are the result of global changes in the world, the development of technology and innovation, as well as the sustainable development of the economy and the ability to safely exist in a high-tech world.

Specifics of humanitarization of engineering education: analysis of engineering students' perceptions and requests

Introduction. The relevance of the research is conditioned by the need to intensify the processes of humanitarization of engineering education due to the increasing importance of social aspects of technological innovations in the situation of aggravating challenges of the high-tech world. The purpose of the study is to analyze the perceptions and requests of engineering students regarding the significance and demand for humanitarian training in engineering education. Research methods. The empirical study was conducted on the basis of Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU). 218 students of engineering and IT specialties participated in the survey, questionnaire and associative experiment. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results of the study. The conducted research has shown that the overwhelming majority of respondents (80.5%) have a generally positive attitude towards the category and concept of humanization of engineering education, with the level of enquiry and interest of second year students (89%) being higher than that of first year students (69%). The associative method also reveals generally positive connotations to the image and idea of humanizing the educational process. The ethics course is seen as a separate subject or discipline by 21% of respondents, the majority of students (57%) regard it as an optional course and 11.5% of respondents consider it appropriate to include it as a separate module or thematic section in existing courses. The demand for the inclusion of new ethics courses and modules in the organization of engineering education has been identified. Conclusion. The obtained results can be used as a basis for adjusting training programmes for engineering and IT specialties. Considering the identified certain problematic aspects and shortcomings in students' humanitarian training, it is necessary to expand the segment of courses focused on mastering the tools of ethical regulation in future professional activity. Using the potential of humanities helps to improve the level of general cultural and personal competences and forms specialists of a new format confidently aspiring to the future.

EMPLOYABILITY OF BS ACCOUNTANCY OF JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY

In a globalized, high-tech world with a competitive employment market, employability skills have grown in importance. Assessment of the graduates’ employability skills has come to need in order to strategically align curriculum with the industry’s demands. This study examined the employability of BS Accountancy graduates of Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Main Campus, Dapitan City. It used descriptive method of research utilizing questionnaire as the principal tool of gathering data. It revealed that most of the Accountancy graduates rated above average in all three skills: fundamental, personal management, and teamwork skills. Further, it was found out that there is no significant difference on the level of employability skills when analyzed according to sex, job position, industry/sector, length of service, and employment status. However, a significant difference was revealed on the personal management skills of BS Accountancy graduates when analyzed according to age. The Accountancy Department should keep abreast with the updates on related standards and provide hands-on training or extensive internship program to widen the skills development of the Accountancy students and adapt to technological advancement in the field of work. Future research is encouraged on this matter on the point of view of the employers in public, private, government, and academe sector.

Circular Economy in a High-Tech World

The proliferation of electronics, batteries, and solar panels in recent decades has resulted in a substantial generation of “high-tech” end-of-life products. Currently, these products follow a largely linear model, i.e., extract → make → use → dispose, but significant effort is underway to transition to a more circular economy in which products and materials are kept in the economy and out of landfills, incinerators, and the environment. However, many technical and economic challenges can impede, constrain, and preclude a circular economy for high-tech products. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology recently convened expert stakeholders in a virtual workshop to identify key challenges and needs to foster a circular economy for electronics, solar panels, and batteries. Here, we discuss several of these challenges and needs, and provide specific data, standards, tools, proposed research and development, and educational needs to address them. Furthermore, we argue that a circular economy cannot be achieved by individual efforts alone, but rather necessitates collaboration across disciplines, industry sectors, public and private stakeholders, and geographical regions.

Short Term and Long term Building Electricity Consumption Prediction Using Extreme Gradient Boosting

Background: Electricity is considered as the essential unit in today’s high-tech world. The electricity demand has been increased very rapidly due to increased urbanization,(smart buildings, and usage of smart devices to a large extent). Building a reliable and accurate electricity consumption prediction model becomes necessary with the increase in demand for energy. From recent studies, prediction models such as support vector regression (SVR), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) have been compared for the prediction of electricity consumption and XGBoost is found to be the most efficient method that leads to the motivation for the research. Objective: The objective of this research is to propose a model that performs future electricity consumption prediction for different time horizons: short term prediction and long term prediction using the extreme gradient boosting method and reduce prediction errors. Also, based on the prediction of the electricity consumption, the best and worst predicted days are being recognized. Methods: The method used in this research is the extreme gradient boosting for future building electricity consumption prediction. The extreme gradient boosting method performs predictions for different time horizons(short term and long term) for different seasons(summer and winter). The model was designed for a house building located in Paris. Results: The model has been trained and tested on the dataset and its prediction is accurate with the low rate of errors compared to other machine learning techniques. The model predicts accurately with RMSE of 140.45 and MAE of 28, which is the least value for errors when compared to the baseline prediction models. Conclusion: A model that is robust to all the conditions should be built by enhancing the prediction mechanism such that the model should be dependent on a few factors to make electricity consumption prediction.

Exact Solutions for the KMM System in (2+1)-Dimensions and Its Fractional Form with Beta-Derivative

Fractional calculus is useful in studying physical phenomena with memory effects. In this paper, the fractional KMM (FKMM) system with beta-derivative in (2+1)-dimensions was studied for the first time. It can model short-wave propagation in saturated ferromagnetic materials, which has many applications in the high-tech world, especially in microwave devices. Using the properties of beta-derivatives and a proper transformation, the FKMM system was initially changed into the KMM system, which is a (2+1)-dimensional generalization of the sine-Gordon equation. Lie symmetry analysis and the optimal system for the KMM system were investigated. Using the optimal system, we obtained eight (1+1)-dimensional reduction equations. Based on the reduction equations, new soliton solutions, oblique analytical solutions, rational function solutions and power series solutions for the KMM system and FKMM system were derived. Using the properties of beta-derivatives and another transformation, the FKMM system was changed into a system of ordinary differential equations. Based on the obtained system of ordinary differential equations, Jacobi elliptic function solutions and solitary wave solutions for the FKMM system were derived. For the KMM system, the results about Lie symmetries, optimal system, reduction equations, and oblique traveling wave solutions are new, since Lie symmetry analysis method has not been applied to such a system before. For the FKMM system, all of the exact solutions are new. The main novelty of the paper lies in the fact that beta-derivatives have been used to change fractional differential equations into classical differential equations. The technique can also be extended to other fractional differential equations.

Influence of High-Tech Society on the Development of Modern Educational System

The authors consider such issues as (1) forming a valid educational system in a high-tech world; (2) forming the principles upon which it should be built; (3) considering the primary subjects of interaction with high-tech educational system; (4) imposing the effective methods, tools, development technologies, and self-development techniques of subjects in the context of the educational system; (5) defining what is possible to entrust to machines in a digital educational system, in comparison with humans; (6) evaluating the digital skills education efficiency; (7) defining methods that provide the efficiency of educational influence. The primary method of the research is the analysis and generalization of the national and foreign scholarly works in terms of what are the features of the evolution of the educational system in a modern high-tech society. The authors conclude that the key tendency in the development of educational technologies consists in the need to expand the existing formats of educational courses for the development of digital skills with technologies that use mobile learning and artificial intelligence programs.

Presentation of Modern Values of Confucianism Humanism in the Media Space

In the modern high-tech world, the mass media play a significant role in “understanding information” and “forming knowledge”, and are also of great importance in the formation and representation of collective values of society. Confucian culture is not only a system of knowledge, but also a system of values. In the face of internal and external problems, contradictions, and spiritual crisis, Chinese society relies on the basic values of Confucian culture, thereby strengthening social and political stability. The ideas of Confucian culture also have a high applied value for the regulation of modern international relations. The country is making efforts to present the basic values of humanism of Confucian culture in the country and abroad. And the media play a crucial role in this process. This determines the relevance of this work. The article reveals the modern values of humanism of Confucianism presented in the Chinese media on the example of the Internet version of People’s Daily. The chronological framework of the study is the period from 09.15.2019 to 09.15.2021. Main research methods: critical analysis of scientific literature and content analysis of newspaper texts. The author analyzes and systematizes scientific works on the chosen topic in order to highlight the ideas, main provisions, concepts, principles underlying the Confucian worldview, and their modern value interpretation ‒ both for China and the world community as a whole. The importance of the media space for the formation of the value of the individual and society is studied. The method of content analysis was applied in the study of modern values of humanism of Confucianism. The analysis shows that the Chinese media act as a platform for the presentation, interpretation and actualization of modern values of humanism of Confucianism: they pay attention to the value of Confucianism for both the individual and the collective; actualize the values of its humanistic ideas, such as “Humanity” and “Harmony”; emphasize its moral, spiritual, psychological, ideological and socio-political value of humanism; actualize its value within China itself and on a global scale. In a further study, the effectiveness of the actualization of specific values of Confucianism in the Chinese media can be more carefully considered.

Опыт Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности по урегулированию доменных споров

The current pace of development of information technology is such that no country's legal system can objectively keep up with its adequate regulation. As a consequence, the Internet community is looking for its own, equally reliable and effective, but fast and modern systems of fair resolution of conflicts that arise between the rightholders of various classic means of individualisation (usually trademarks) and domain names. In today's hightech world, the role and importance of domain names cannot be underestimated. They control destinies, prepare revolutions, crush cults and shape national politics. Their ability to easily personalize any information resource in cyberspace is highly valued by specialists in a variety of fields. Their number in the world (over 320 million) and in our country (5 million) exceeds many times the number of any other means of individualization, but the domain name as an object of law has not been sufficiently defined in the Russian legislation to this day. Despite this, domains have long been sold and bought and there have been numerous and costly court battles over them. The Russian-speaking reader is familiar with the judicial processes for resolving such disputes. However, out-of-court means of resolving such cases, little known to our readers, are in demand in foreign practice. They are used in the domain area not only to address the claims of holders of traditional means of individualization to domain owners, but also in disputes between domain name registrars in the transfer of the domain between them on the application of third parties, if the domain registration does not meet the requirements of the domain zone, the requirements to suspend the registration of domain names in new domain zones, etc. The need to develop alternative dispute resolution systems was driven by conflicting court practices and the search for a way to resolve domain disputes in a fast, not very expensive and efficient procedure, given that such disputes were often extraterritorial in nature. The latter is easier to explain with an example. For example, one of the largest domestic construction companies faced a situation where a domain similar to its name in a foreign zone was registered through an Australian registrar for a resident of Great Britain, and the content site provided by ill-wishers from the Moscow region. In such circumstances, going to court in Russia or the UK was ineffective because the execution of the decision was to be secured from the domain registrar. At the same time, there were no grounds to sue the registrar (in Australia) because it did not violate anyone's rights. This situation is typical when registering a domain in an "international" or foreign domain zone, as the registrar's country of origin is usually irrelevant to the user, as opposed to the price. Of course, recourse to the traditional justice system is possible in such a situation, but not everyone can afford the time and money required to resolve it. Contribution of the authors: the authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.