High-tech Manufacturing Enterprises Research Articles

System Identification of Enterprise Innovation Factor Combinations—A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Method

High-tech manufacturing enterprises, as innovative entities, are a key focus of national attention. Currently, such enterprises are facing both internal governance pressure and external institutional pressure. Unlike traditional studies that mostly use regression equations, this article uses the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method to examine how high-tech manufacturing enterprises can coordinate their internal governance mechanisms and external institutional pressures to achieve optimal innovation. This improves the complex mechanism of the multiple factors jointly explaining corporate innovation, and also helps to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between internal governance factors, external institutional factors, and corporate innovation, effectively enriching research methods and results. However, there has not been any research on the issue of enterprise innovation from the perspective of coordinating the two, which urgently needs to be addressed. This article examines how high-tech manufacturing enterprises can reconcile their internal governance mechanisms with external institutional pressures to achieve optimal innovation. The results showed that (1) a single factor cannot constitute the necessary conditions for innovation in high-tech manufacturing enterprises, but executive and shareholder governance have universality in the innovation in high-tech manufacturing enterprises; (2) in the absence of political advantages, high-tech manufacturing enterprises should focus on the coordinated development of internal governance, making board, executive, and shareholder governance the core conditions for innovative development; (3) with political advantages as the main focus and market attention as a supplement, high-tech manufacturing enterprises promote innovative development by combining executive and shareholder governance. This finding indicates a significant substitution effect between government legitimacy and board governance, and confirms that the importance of obtaining government legitimacy for high-tech manufacturing innovation is higher than market legitimacy. This article enriches the research on enterprise innovation by linking internal corporate governance with external institutional pressure, expands the research on the coordination relationship between institutional pressure and corporate governance, and has enlightening significance in revealing the collaborative path for innovation in high-tech manufacturing enterprises.

Economic Policy Uncertainty and Enterprise Financing Efficiency: Evidence from China

This study investigates the effect of economic policy uncertainty on financing efficiency in China’s high-tech manufacturing industry from static and dynamic perspectives. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist index, we measure financing efficiency and its changes over time. The results show that China’s high-tech manufacturing firms exhibit low static financing efficiency, yet they exhibit relatively high dynamic efficiency. A significant positive relationship is found between economic policy uncertainty and both static and dynamic financing efficiency. The uncertainty motivates firms to improve their financing efficiency, mainly by enhancing technical and scale efficiency and by increasing comprehensive efficiency. Moreover, different financing channels, such as commercial credit, equity financing, bank credit, and internal financing, have varied effects on the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and static financing efficiency. This study demonstrates that high-tech manufacturing enterprises can respond to economic policy uncertainty by improving their financing efficiency.

Entry Strategies of Chinese High-Tech Manufacturing Enterprises to the Western Market: Post-pandemic Era and Deglobalization

In 2019, the world economy entered the most turbulent period since the financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Trade disputes intensified, geopolitical tensions and other destabilizing factors in the international community increased, and many countries imposed stricter regulatory scrutiny on foreign investment. Unilateralist, investment protectionism is prevalent, and international relations are becoming increasingly complex, which has profoundly affected the process of international expansion. Developing countries’ voices are increasing because of the rise of China and other factors. How can Chinese enterprises effectively avoid the above threats and risks and seize development opportunities through a correct entry strategy? This paper puts forward practical suggestions.

Career Management of R&D Employees on Organizational Competence: A Perspective from Chinese High-Tech Manufacturing Enterprises

Past studies have shown that employee career management in Chinese high-tech manufacturing companies can affect the individual performance of employees, and then affect the overall performance of the company; Qualification management is an important means for corporate human resources to intervene in employee career management and has a certain impact on employee variable career; And employee variable career has certain influence on organizational competence. This purpose of this study is to further explore the influencing factors of the organizational competence of Chinese high-tech manufacturing enterprises in the field of talent capability management. This study used the quantitative design and selects more than 60 high-tech manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Suzhou, Jiangsu, and Xi’an, Shaanxi, and collects survey questionnaires through the Internet platform, and uses factor analysis to analyze the influencing factors in organizational competence, qualification management , employee career management and variable career , seek the internal relationship among different variables ; Put forward dimensions for reference in terms of employee capability management and organizational competence of Chinese high-tech manufacturing enterprises. The results of this study have certain theoretical and practical implications and significance for Chinese high-tech manufacturing enterprises to reduce the turnover rate of knowledge-based employees in the R&D system and continuously improve organizational competence in the era of knowledge economy. At the same time, it concluded and provides an innovative perspective for theorists who study the relationship between employee capability management and organizational ability.

Innovation for survival: The scope of negative attainment discrepancy and enterprise R&D investment

The question of whether negative attainment discrepancy inhibits or promotes enterprises' investment in R&D remains unresolved. We argue that ignoring the diverse sources of negative attainment discrepancy and the long-term orientation of CEOs are two key reasons for the divergent findings of existing studies. Based on performance feedback theory and upper echelons theory, this study focuses on the effect of negative attainment discrepancy's scope on enterprises' R&D investment and how this effect may vary, depending on the CEO's long-term orientation. Using Chinese listed high-tech manufacturing enterprises (data taken from 2008 to 2020) as research samples, this study proposes and empirically demonstrates that negative attainment discrepancy scope motivates enterprises to actively increase R&D investment, especially when the enterprise is led by a CEO with long-term orientation (e.g., a CEO with a longer tenure or a technology background). Further analysis shows that the above conclusions only hold true for private-owned enterprises. Overall, this research provides evidence that negative attainment discrepancy scope is an important but unexplored antecedent of enterprises' R&D investment, thus providing more nuanced insight into the relationship between negative attainment discrepancy and corporate R&D decisions.

Characteristics of High-Technology Industry Migration within Metropolitan Areas—A Case Study of Beijing Metropolitan Area

Industrial migration is a hot topic in economic geography. This study traces the migratory process of key high-tech enterprises in Beijing during 2008–2016, revealing the migratory characteristics and patterns of high-tech enterprises within the metropolitan area by using spatial analysis methods and mathematical statistics. The results show that: (1) Migrating enterprises are mainly mixed-ownership and foreign-funded or privately-owned enterprises. Medium-sized enterprises are more likely to relocate than small and large enterprises, especially in lucrative sectors. (2) The migration of high-tech enterprises is mainly based on proximity migration. More than 77.19% of enterprises tend to move to agglomerations or agglomeration expansion areas such as Jiuxianqiao and the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA) in Daxing District. In addition, 33 enterprises experience varying degrees of scale expansion after relocation. (3) Most high-tech manufacturing enterprises are in the growth stage of their life cycle. They initially relocate between 7 and 16 years after their establishment, which means that there is roughly a 7-year adaptation or development period for firms within a region after their establishment. During the adaptation period, companies do not tend to relocate; afterwards, as they grow, they need to find other spaces in which to do so. For reasons such as familiarity with the environment, enterprises give priority to finding new locations within the agglomeration and the surrounding area. These results deepen the understanding of the temporal and spatial characteristics of the migration of enterprises within the city from the microscopic perspective and provide a scientific basis for the optimization of industrial space in a metropolis.

Selection of tools/ criteria for measuring the level of Leanness

Companies have failed to implement Lean. One of the suggestions for solutions is to conduct an assessment of the current Lean application of the enterprise. Lean tools/criteria are diverse, and empirical studies which have applied one of these tools/criteria however are yet based on subjective viewpoints, which leads to a different result, and assessment results may not be accurate. The purpose of this study is to propose a lean measurement tool(s)/criterion that ensures reliability and is (are) widely recognized at an acceptable level. This study uses Scopus and Web of Science databases to synthesize data and compare it to AJG 2021 journal classification. In addition, with the research combining the citation analysis method, using the artificial intelligence analysis tool to analyze, based on this method, hopefully, the results confirm whether the selected set of assessment tools/criteria is rejected or accepted by the scientific community. Research results show that tools/criteria to evaluate leanness currently tend to be applied for manufacturing enterprises. There has been yet no specific measuring tool/criteria for service businesses, and they do not reach perfection. From the obtained results, at present, this study suggests two assessment tools/criteria: one for high-tech manufacturing enterprises; one for the other manufacturing industries.

Transmission mechanism of simmelian ties on the knowledge spiral – the conducive combination of a high-performance work practice and knowledge fermentation

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse how different strengths of simmelian ties affect knowledge spirals and investigate which major factors affect the influence of simmelian ties on knowledge spirals.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical data in this paper were collected through e-mail and interview questionnaires to R&D teams in high-tech manufacturing enterprises in China. The authors obtained 132 teams' valid responses. The interval decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (interval DEMATEL) method, differential evolution (DE) algorithm and Bayesian structural equation modelling (BSEM) were employed to test the theoretical framework developed for this paper.FindingsThe results show that strong simmelian ties have positive associations with high-performance work practices (HPWPs). Meanwhile, weak simmelian ties have positive associations with HPWPs. Furthermore, HPWPs and knowledge fermentation play a conducive role in the relationship between simmelian ties and knowledge spirals.Originality/valueThis paper contributes in three ways. First, it extends research on the relational antecedents of knowledge spirals. Second, this paper extends the study of social capital related to knowledge spirals. Third, this paper elucidates less familiar factors relating HPWPs to knowledge fermentation by testing the mediating role of HPWPs in knowledge fermentation.

Development zone spillover effect: the externality of the gathering of manufacturing enterprises

Using the data of manufacturing enterprises from 2003 to 2013 and the data of the state-level economic and technological development zone and high-tech development zone from 2010 to 2012, this paper uses BD-DD dual robust identification strategy to analyse the impact mechanism of the overflow effect of the establishment of state-level development zones by accurately judging the geographical relationship between enterprises and development zones. The results show that the development zone has a significant spillover effect on the surrounding manufacturing enterprises, and the total factor productivity of enterprises within 1000m is about 9% higher than that of enterprises within 1000m from the boundary of the development zone and the existence of Marshall’s adjust theory is tested. Spillover effects have a range of 1000m on innovation, while human capital is only 500m, indicating that knowledge spillover effects established in development zones are the main source of gathering externality. From the different characteristics of manufacturing, high-tech or mature manufacturing enterprises are more affected by spillover effects, possibly because high-tech or mature enterprises and regional enterprises overlap more in factors of production or technology, it is more likely to form Marshall cluster externality.

Sources of Financing High-Tech Projects

This article is aimed at considering current sources of financing for high-tech projects. In the article, statistical data confirm the orientation of developed and developing countries' economies towards the generation of high-tech products by the dynamics of added value in high-tech and medium-high-tech industries, respectively - support for high-tech manufacturing enterprises and industries as a whole. Lists of high and medium-high-tech adopted sectors in the Russian Federation, in the United States, and in European nations, and a list of critical technologies are given. Special attention is given to the essence of the high-tech projects, concept, through the implementation of a rise in the share of high-tech products. The article identifies the main characteristics that distinguish a high-tech project from an innovative one. The dynamics of value-added in high-tech and medium-high-tech sectors of the economies of developing and developed countries are studied in conjunction with R & D spending in high-tech sectors of these countries. On the example of the United States (the global leader in the high-tech industry), the structure of financing high-tech projects carried out by companies at the expense of internal financing, that is, own funds is investigated. Based on the Russian Federation, the volumes of attracted cash in the form of grants and the amount of borrowed cash in the form of a subsidy for the implementation of high-tech projects in dynamics for 2012-2018 are investigated.

Industry-science cooperation and public policy instruments utilization in the private sector

This article explores the utilization of public policies aimed at supporting industrial innovation, and, in particular, enterprises involved in industry-science cooperation. The aim is to investigate whether firms cooperating with universities or R&D organisations are more likely to be supported by the state and demonstrate higher innovation performance. The empirical analysis is based upon the results of a 2018 specialised survey on innovation-active high-tech and medium high-tech manufacturing enterprises in Russia and relies on the concept of ‘additionality’. Although the study results indicate that enterprises interacting with R&D performing organisations are more likely to be publicly supported, the recipients claim that the provided support rarely causes significant changes in their performance. Cooperating with R&D organisations and universities appears associated with mainly a general boost in the competitiveness of the enterprise. The paper provides evidence to suggest that support allocation in Russia is following a ‘picking-the-winner’ strategy. Combined with possible crowding-out effects, such strategy may prove to be counterproductive for a country with a less well developed national innovation system.

How to improve new product performance through customer relationship management and product development management: evidence from China

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate how to improve new product performance in turbulent circumstances of emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachThis paper used regression analysis to examine the performance impact of customer relationship management (CRM) and product development management (PDM) concentration strategy in new product development (NPD). A detailed contingent analysis of the market and institutional environments in emerging economies is also conducted based on a survey of 114 Chinese high-tech manufacturers.FindingsThe research findings show that PDM has a stronger positive effect on new product performance than CRM in emerging economies and that the contingent effects of the market and institutional environment vary. More specifically, technological turbulence and enforcement inefficiency can positively moderate the relationship between CRM and new product performance, whereas the moderating effect of market turbulence on CRM is negative. Meanwhile, enforcement inefficiency negatively moderates the effect of PDM on new product performance, while the moderating effect of market turbulence on PDM is positive.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to a survey of high-tech manufacturing enterprises in China. Further research should continues to explore and document the strategic issue about NPD in emerging economies by longitudinal study.Originality/valueThis paper contributed to theoretical and practical initiatives on the strategic issue of NPD and provided firms a further understanding of how to select the right NPD strategy in emerging economies to improve new product performance.

Firms’ Perspectives On Innovation Policy Measures

The article explores the effectiveness of public policies to encourage innovation by industry, and in particular to develop industry-science interactions. The demand and impact of innovation policy measures on enterprises’ behaviour is investigated based on the results from a specialized survey of high-tech and medium high-tech manufacturing enterprises in Russia, conducted in 2018. The empirical approach is based on the concept of additionality allowing to determine the net effects of policy interventions. Particular attention is paid to the comparison of changes in the behaviour of enterprises (behavioral additionality) depending on their innovation strategies, including the decision to cooperate with universities and R&D organizations. The results indicate that while there is a strong demand for policy instruments used to promote innovation, they do not provide significant additional impacts to the business’ innovation activity. State efforts to promote industry-science cooperation seem to be ineffective. Public support contributes to reinforcing already established links, but does not lead to the emergence of new research partnerships.

Incentives for High-Tech Manufacturing Enterprises

This note discusses tax and non-tax incentives offered to businesses resident in the new Chinese-Belarusian “Great Stone” Industrial Park.

Fuzzy-logic simulation of the development of a high-tech manufacturing enterprise

This research is devoted to the efficiency assessment of high-tech manufacturing enterprises and numerical simulation of their development by means of an expert system based on fuzzy logic.

High-Tech Manufacturing Enterprises’ Competitive Strategies – The Case of Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing in Taiwan

In such competitive industry environment, if the companies will obtain continuous profits, they must surpass their competitors and enhance their enterprise competitiveness in order to win further customer orders. As to understand the market competitive conditions, Simultaneous Importance-Performance Analysis (SIPA) is able to provide simultaneous analysis of three fundamental concepts – the importance of the competitive character, the performance and the performance of the competitors. This study is based on the electronic materials manufacturing companies in Taiwan. Fourteen items from Order-winners and Qualifiers Criteria as the character assessment are taken for the case analysis of the company and its competitors’ competitive conditions and strategies.

Selecting a technical strategy for high-tech enterprises in developing countries - a case study

Some developing countries have experienced rapid growth in trade and investment as a consequence of increasingly liberal trade restrictions and increasingly intense global competition. However, high-tech manufacturing firms in developing countries often suffer in competition with their counterparts in developed countries. Fledgling firms in developing countries must identify appropriate strategies to flourish in times of national growth. By examining the Legend Company Group, a successful computer enterprise in the People's Republic of China, it is shown that firms in developing countries can gain a foothold in high-tech industrial markets, especially in their domestic market. Three key strategies are identified that are thought to be generalisable to other high-tech manufacturing enterprises in developing countries. They are: (i) exploiting market opportunities for growth consistent with the firm's capacity and competitive advantage, (ii) continually expanding the business to acquire expertise and capital to enable increasingly sophisticated processes, and (iii) cooperating with technical forerunners.