High Stress Magnitudes Research Articles

Differences in Self-Rated Worker Outcomes Across Stress States: An Interim Analysis of Hybrid Worker Data

Stress experiences can have dire consequences for worker performance and well-being, and the social environment of the workplace is a key contributor to worker experience. This study investigated the relationship between hybrid workers’ self-ratings of productivity, mood, and stress with perceptions of positive (eustress) and negative (distress) stress states. We hypothesized that self-ratings would vary across combinations of eustress and distress experiences and that these differences would differ based on the social context. Ecological momentary assessments (EMA) were used to obtain ecologically valid data at four data points each workday across a 4-month study period in a cohort of seven office workers. Findings aligned with the Yerkes–Dodson law, such that higher states of arousal were associated with greater self-perceived productivity, and higher stress magnitudes were found when distress existed. Compared to other states, eustress was associated with higher productivity in work-related activities and better mood across all activity types.

In-situ stress prediction in ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs of Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin of China

The Fuman Oilfield in Tarim Basin has great potential for ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas resources, and is an important area for future storage and production increase. The present-day in-situ stress field is critical during the exploration and development. However, no systemic investigations have been carried out in this oilfield. Therefore, in this study, the present-day in-situ stress field in the Ordovician carbonate reservoir is predicted and analyzed based on well log calculation and geomechanical numerical modeling. The results indicate that, 1) NE-SW-trending is the dominant horizontal maximum principal stress (SHmax) orientation. The vertical principal stress is the maximum principal stress, showing the Ordovician reservoir is under a normal faulting stress regime. 2) The distribution of in-situ stresses in the Ordovician carbonate reservoir is heterogeneous, which is mainly controlled burial depth and fault/fracture development. High stress magnitudes in the Yingshan Formation are mainly in the southeastern part of Fudong area, Fuman Oilfield. The present-day horizontal differential stress mainly ranges from 27 MPa to 30 MPa in the Yingshan carbonate reservoir. iii) Natural fractures are generally stale under the present-day in-situ stress state. Fractures that parallel to the SHmax orientation with high fracture dip angle are easier to be reactivated. The results are expected to provide geomechanical references for further oil and gas development in the Fuman Oilfield of Tarim Basin.

Stress Concentration of Hybrid Occlusal Splint-Mouthguard during a Simulated Maxillofacial Traumatic Impact: 3D-FEA.

Mouthguards (MG) are protective devices that can reduce the risks of facial trauma. However, many athletes do not use them. Additionally, MG wear with coincidental parafunctional activity has not been considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution as a consequence of a direct impact comparing a conventional MG with a novel hybrid appliance (HMG). Using computer-aided design (CAD) software, a human skull was modeled with the teeth inserted into their respective alveolus. The models were divided according to the MG type (conventional or hybrid). The geometries were exported to the computer-aided engineering (CAE) software and the materials were considered isotropic. Fixation was defined at the base of the maxilla. The load was applied using a hockey puck. The total deformation (mm) and the von Mises stress (MPa) results were obtained for the MGs (conventional and hybrid), upper teeth, lower teeth, and maxillary bone. Despite the presence of an MG, it is still possible to observe generated stress in all structures. However, the hybrid design was more efficient than the conventional design in reducing the displacement during the impact and consequently the stress on the upper teeth, lower teeth, and maxillary bone. Higher stress magnitude was more concentrated at the inner portion of the hybrid design than the conventional device. The HMG appliance decreased the stress concentration in the teeth and in the bone, limiting the areas susceptible to injuries to the regions directly impacted by the hockey puck. Although the novel HMG may mitigate injury, some stress will still result, and any possible injury should be evaluated by a dental professional.

Influence of Framework Material and Posterior Implant Angulation in Full-Arch All-on-4 Implant-Supported Prosthesis Stress Concentration.

This study evaluated the influence of distal implants angulation and framework material in the stress concentration of an All-on-4 full-arch prosthesis. A full-arch implant-supported prosthesis 3D model was created with different distal implant angulations and cantilever arms (30° with 10-mm cantilever; 45° with 10-mm cantilever and 45° with 6-mm cantilever) and framework materials (Cobalt–chrome [CoCr alloy], Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal [Y-TZP] and polyetheretherketone [PEEK]). Each solid was imported to computer-aided engineering software, and tetrahedral elements formed the mesh. Material properties were assigned to each solid with isotropic and homogeneous behavior. The contacts were considered bonded. A vertical load of 200 N was applied in the distal region of the cantilever arm, and stress was evaluated in Von Misses (σVM) for prosthesis components and the Maximum (σMAX) and Minimum (σMIN) Principal Stresses for the bone. Distal implants angled in 45° with a 10-mm cantilever arm showed the highest stress concentration for all structures with higher stress magnitudes when the PEEK framework was considered. However, distal implants angled in 45° with a 6-mm cantilever arm showed promising mechanical responses with the lowest stress peaks. For the All-on-4 concept, a 45° distal implants angulation is only beneficial if it is possible to reduce the cantilever’s length; otherwise, the use of 30° should be considered. Comparing with PEEK, the YTZP and CoCr concentrated stress in the framework structure, reducing the stress in the prosthetic screw.

Comparative Stress Evaluation between Bilayer, Monolithic and Cutback All-Ceramic Crown Designs: 3D Finite Element Study

Different all-ceramic crown designs are available to perform indirect restoration; however, the mechanical response of each model should still be elucidated. The study aims to evaluate the stress distribution in three different zirconia crown designs using finite element analysis. Different three-dimensional molar crowns were simulated: conventional bilayer zirconia covered with porcelain, a monolithic full-contour zirconia crown, and the cutback modified zirconia crown with porcelain veneered buccal face. The models were imported to the computer-aided engineering (CAE) software. Tetrahedral elements were used to form the mesh and the mechanical properties were assumed as isotropic, linear and homogeneous materials. The contacts were considered ideal. For the static structural mechanical analysis, 100 N occlusal load was applied and the bone tissue was fixed. Maximum principal stress showed that the stress pattern was different for the three crown designs, and the traditional bilayer model showed higher stress magnitude comparing to the other models. However, grayscale stress maps showed homogeneous stress distribution for all models. The all-ceramic crown designs affect the stress distribution, and the cutback porcelain-veneered zirconia crown can be a viable alternative to adequate function and esthetic when the monolithic zirconia crown cannot be indicated.

Does overlay preparation design affect polymerization shrinkage stress distribution? A 3D FEA study

This study evaluated the polymerization shrinkage stress of three tooth preparation designs for indirect ceramic overlay by finite element analysis: isthmus preparation (IST); without isthmus preparation (wIST); and non-retentive preparation (nRET). The models were created based in prepared dental typodonts and were digitally impressed with an intraoral scanner. The interfaces in all models were considered perfectly bonded and all materials were considered homogeneous, linear, and isotropic. The polymerization shrinkage of the cement layer (100 µm) was simulated and evaluated by maximum principal stress criteria. The stress peaks followed this sequence: restoration = IST (13.4 MPa) > wIST (9.3 MPa) > nRET (9 MPa); cement layer = IST (16.9 MPa) > wIST (12.6 MPa) > nRET (10-7.5 MPa); and teeth = IST (10.7 MPa) > wIST (10.5 MPa) > (9 MPa). For the cement layer, the non-retentive preparation (nRET) had the lowest shrinkage stress from all the groups, obtaining a more homogeneous stress distribution on the cement surface. Regarding the abutment teeth, the IST generated a higher shrinkage stress area on the dental structure, concentrating higher stress magnitude at the axiopulpar and axiogingival angles. Non-retentive preparation seems to reduce polymerization shrinkage stress.

Predicting the present-day in situ stress distribution within the Yanchang Formation Chang 7 shale oil reservoir of Ordos Basin, central China

The Yanchang Formation Chang 7 oil-bearing layer of the Ordos Basin is important in China for producing shale oil. The present-day in situ stress state is of practical implications for the exploration and development of shale oil; however, few studies are focused on stress distributions within the Chang 7 reservoir. In this study, the present-day in situ stress distribution within the Chang 7 reservoir was predicted using the combined spring model based on well logs and measured stress data. The results indicate that stress magnitudes increase with burial depth within the Chang 7 reservoir. Overall, the horizontal maximum principal stress (SHmax), horizontal minimum principal stress (Shmin) and vertical stress (Sv) follow the relationship of Sv ≥ SHmax > Shmin, indicating a dominant normal faulting stress regime within the Chang 7 reservoir of Ordos Basin. Laterally, high stress values are mainly distributed in the northwestern parts of the studied region, while low stress values are found in the southeastern parts. Factors influencing stress distributions are also analyzed. Stress magnitudes within the Chang 7 reservoir show a positive linear relationship with burial depth. A larger value of Young’s modulus results in higher stress magnitudes, and the differential horizontal stress becomes higher when the rock Young’s modulus grows larger.

Effect of Process Parameters on Residual Stresses, Distortions, and Porosity in Selective Laser Melting of Maraging Steel 300

Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the most well-known additive manufacturing methods available for the fabrication of functional parts from metal powders. Although SLM is now an established metal additive manufacturing technique, its widespread application in industry is still hindered by inherent phenomena, one of which is high residual stresses. Some of the effects of residual stresses–such as warping and thermal stress-related cracking–cannot be corrected by post processing. Therefore, establishing input process parameter combinations that result in the least residual stress magnitudes and related distortions and/or cracking is critical. This paper presents the influence of laser power, scanning speed, and layer thickness on residual stresses, distortions and achievable density for maraging steel 300 steel parts in order to establish the most optimum input parameter combinations. An analysis of the interdependence between process outcomes shows that high residual stress magnitudes lead to high dimensional distortions in the finished parts, whilst porous parts suffer relatively lower residual stresses and associated distortions.

Effects of source model variations on Coulomb stress analyses of a multi-fault intraplate earthquake sequence

Fault models are quickly produced and iteratively improved over weeks to years following a major earthquake, to characterise the dynamics of rupture, evaluate the role of stress transfer, and contribute to earthquake forecasting. We model Coulomb stress transfer (ΔCFS) between the largest foreshock (Mw 5.4; 1 year prior to first mainshock) and three Mw 6.1 to 6.5 earthquakes that occurred in a 12-hour period on January 22, 1988 in central Australia (Tennant Creek earthquake sequence) to investigate the role of static stress transfer in earthquake triggering relative to progressive source model development. The effects of fault model variance are studied using ΔCFS modelling of five different fault source model sequences (27 total models) using different inputs from seismic and geospatial data. Some initial models do not yield positive ΔCFS changes proximal to hypocentres but in all models, preceding earthquakes generate positive ΔCFS (≥0.1 bar) on ≥10 to 30% of the forthcoming receiver fault rupture areas. The most refined and data-integrative model reveals ΔCFS ≥ +0.7 to +13 bars within 2 km of impending hypocentres and large (≥30 to 99%) areas of positive ΔCFS. When compared to global compilations of threshold ΔCFS prior to impending ruptures (average = 3.71 bar, median = 1 bar), this suggests that Coulomb stress change theory adequately explains the Tennant Creek rupture sequence. In the most-refined model, earthquake inter-event times decrease as ΔCFS increases, suggesting that higher stress magnitudes may have more rapidly (within hours) triggered successive events, thus accounting for some temporal aspects of this sequence. ΔCFS analyses provide a useful framework for understanding the spatiotemporal aspects of some intraplate earthquakes. The progressive refinement of source models using emergent data may reduce epistemic uncertainties in the role of stress transfer that result from different model inputs, approaches, and results.

Deformation in the mantle wedge associated with Laramide flat‐slab subduction

AbstractLaramide crustal deformation in the Rocky Mountains of the west‐central United States is often considered to relate to a narrow segment of shallow subduction of the Farallon slab, but there is no consensus as to how deformation along the slab‐mantle lithosphere interface was accommodated. Here we investigate deformation in mantle rocks associated with hydration and shear above the flat‐slab at its contact with the base of the North American plate. The rocks we focus on are deformed, hydrated, ultramafic inclusions hosted within diatremes of the Navajo Volcanic Field in the central Colorado Plateau that erupted during the waning stages of the Laramide orogeny. We document a range of deformation textures, including granular peridotites, porphyroclastic peridotites, mylonites, and cataclasites, which we interpret to reflect different proximities to a slab‐mantle‐interface shear zone. Mineral assemblages and chemistries constrain deformation to hydrous conditions in the temperature range ∼550–750°C. Despite the presence of hydrous phyllosilicates in modal percentages of up to 30%, deformation was dominated by dislocation creep in olivine. The mylonites exhibit an uncommon lattice preferred orientation (LPO) in olivine, known as B‐type LPO in which the a‐axes are aligned perpendicular to the flow direction. The low temperature, hydrated setting in which these fabrics formed is consistent with laboratory experiments that indicate B‐type LPOs form under conditions of high stress and high water contents; furthermore, the mantle wedge context of these LPOs is consistent with observations of trench‐parallel anisotropy in the mantle wedge above many modern subduction zones. Differential stress magnitudes in the mylonitic rocks estimated using paleopiezometry range from 290 to 444 MPa, and calculated effective viscosities using a wet olivine flow law are on the order of 1019−1023 Pa s. The high stress magnitudes, high effective viscosities, and high strains recorded in these rocks are consistent with models that invoke significant basal shear tractions as contributing to Laramide uplift and contraction in the continental interior.

Practical ground response curve considering post-peak rock mass behaviour

Analysis of stresses and displacements around circular opening excavated in rock mass has been one of the significant issues in tunnelling. A plastic zone is formed around underground opening as a result of high induced stress magnitudes. The ground response curve is one of the best methods to investigate the tunnel stability that represent the relationship between the decreasing of inner pressure and the increasing of radial displacement of tunnel wall. In recent years, several methods have been suggested for analysis of ground response curve by many researchers, however, some of the analytical solutions that have been presented, are relevant to elastic-perfectly plastic or elastic-brittle-plastic behaviour of rock. But real behaviour of plastic zone is strain softening with variable dilatancy. In this study, it is attempted to take into account the post-peak rock mass behaviour (drop modulus and variable dilation angle) in the stress-based finite difference approximation numerical procedure, so an algorithm is suggested to analyse the tunnel stresses and convergences. In order to verify the proposed algorithm, the results were compared with FLAC numerical solution. For showing the applicability of the proposed algorithm, the Ghomroud tunnel convergence was calculated based on the proposed algorithm and compared with the monitored tunnel convergence. At the end, the effect of various parameters including dilation, critical softening parameter and rock mass quality (GSI) was studied on the tunnel convergence and plastic zone thickness. Based on the obtained results, the higher quality of the rock mass surrounding the tunnel has, the narrower plastic zone forms and the lower tunnel wall converges. Also, the rock mass with higher brittleness means more convergence and wider plastic zone. Furthermore, constant dilation in plastic zone overestimates the tunnel wall convergence.

Study of Ground Response Curve (GRC) Based on a Damage Model / Badanie Krzywej Odpowiedzi Gruntu (Grc) W Oparciu O Model Pękania Skał

Abstract Analysis of stresses and displacements around underground openings is necessary in a wide variety of civil, petroleum and mining engineering problems. In addition, an excavation damaged zone (EDZ) is generally formed around underground openings as a result of high stress magnitudes even in the absence of blasting effects. The rock materials surrounding the underground excavations typically demonstrate nonlinear and irreversible mechanical response in particular under high in situ stress states. The dominant cause of irreversible deformations in brittle rocks is damage process. One of the most widely used methods in tunnel design is the convergence-confinement method (CCM) for its practical application. The elastic-plastic models are usually used in the convergence-confinement method as a constitutive model for rock behavior. The plastic models used to simulate the rock behavior, do not consider the important issues such as stiffness degradation and softening. Therefore, the use of damage constitutive models in the convergence-confinement method is essential in the design process of rock structures. In this paper, the basic concepts of continuum damage mechanics are outlined. Then a numerical stepwise procedure for a circular tunnel under hydrostatic stress field, with consideration of a damage model for rock mass has been implemented. The ground response curve and radius of excavation damage zone were calculated based on an isotropic damage model. The convergence-confinement method based on damage model can consider the effects of post-peak rock behavior on the ground response curve and excavation damage zone. The analysis of results show the important effect of brittleness parameter on the tunnel wall convergence, ground response curve and excavation damage radius.

Mapping type III intragranular residual stress distributions in deformed copper polycrystals

Cross-correlation-based analysis of electron backscatter diffraction patterns has been used to map the intragranular residual stress variations in polycrystalline copper samples deformed to different plastic strain levels of 0%, 2%, 6% and 10%. We map the deviation from the mean stress within each grain and present histograms of stress levels mapped over many grains which show a central Gaussian-like peak with non-Gaussian tails at the higher stress magnitudes. The width of the peaks increased with increasing plastic deformation and the tails became more obvious. Plots correlating maximum in-plane shear stress and distance to the nearest grain boundary demonstrate that stress “hot spots” tend to accumulate near grain boundaries.

Effects of Prosthesis Stem Materials on Stress Distribution of Total Hip Replacement

Bone loss and bone thickening phenomenon occurred due to different stiffness of the implant and femur. Implant with stiffer materials than the bone carries majority of the load and it transferred down along the implant till the distal tip of the stem. Both phenomenons contribute to stress shielding and loosening of the prosthesis stem. In this study, the stress distributions in intact femur and THR femur are established using finite element method. The THR femur model consists of cemented hip Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo prosthesis stem implanted inside the femur bone. Effects of different material properties of the prosthesis stem on the resulting stress distributions are investigated. Results shows that the largest discrepancy in stress values between intact and THR femur is predicted along the middle region at both lateral and medial planes. The distal region shows that the calculated stress for both THR femur experienced higher stress magnitude than that of intact femur. The higher stress in THR femur leads to bone thickening at the particular region. The corresponding stress magnitude saturates at 25 MPa for THR femur while intact femur is slightly lower at 22 MPa.

Mechanical stress, fracture risk and beak evolution in Darwin's ground finches ( Geospiza )

Darwin's finches have radiated from a common ancestor into 14 descendent species, each specializing on distinct food resources and evolving divergent beak forms. Beak morphology in the ground finches (Geospiza) has been shown to evolve via natural selection in response to variation in food type, food availability and interspecific competition for food. From a mechanical perspective, however, beak size and shape are only indirectly related to birds' abilities to crack seeds, and beak form is hypothesized to evolve mainly under selection for fracture avoidance. Here, we test the fracture-avoidance hypothesis using finite-element modelling. We find that across species, mechanical loading is similar and approaches reported values of bone strength, thus suggesting pervasive selection on fracture avoidance. Additionally, deep and wide beaks are better suited for dissipating stress than are more elongate beaks when scaled to common sizes and loadings. Our results illustrate that deep and wide beaks in ground finches enable reduction of areas with high stress and peak stress magnitudes, allowing birds to crack hard seeds while limiting the risk of beak failure. These results may explain strong selection on beak depth and width in natural populations of Darwin's finches.

Variation of vertical stress in the Carnarvon Basin, NW Shelf, Australia

Variations in vertical stress magnitudes can be attributed to lateral facies variations, diagenesis, localized uplift and disequilibrium compaction overpressure. Vertical stress magnitudes have been calculated using density and checkshot data from 47 wells in the Carnarvon Basin, on the NW Shelf of Australia. The vertical stress ranges from 20.2 MPa km − 1 to 23.8 MPa km − 1 below seabed; demonstrating a significant variation across the basin. The largest vertical stress magnitudes were calculated for the Dampier Sub-Basin, the eastern Barrow Sub-Basin and on the Peedamullah Shelf. The smallest vertical stress magnitudes were calculated in the Kangaroo Syncline, the western Barrow Sub-Basin and offshore across the Exmouth Plateau. High rock densities, thus, high vertical stress magnitudes, can be due to uplifted rock that is over-compacted relative to its current depth. In the Carnarvon Basin, areas of elevated vertical stress magnitudes correspond to areas of identified uplift. Uplift at the Bambra Anticline has previously been estimated to be approximately 900 m. Calculations within the Bambra-4 well demonstrate that a 900 m increase in burial depth of a regionally consistent lithostratigraphic unit (the Muderong Shale) equates to a 0.22 g cm − 3 increase in rock density. Thus, the difference between uplifted, over-compacted rock and normally-compacted rock (no uplift) is equivalent to a difference in the vertical stress magnitude of 2.1 MPa km − 1 at the Bambra Anticline. This value, totalling the difference between over-compacted (uplifted) and normally-compacted sedimentary rock (2.1 MPa km − 1 ), accounts for some part of the 3.6 MPa km − 1 variation in vertical stress magnitude observed across the Carnarvon Basin. Therefore, recent tectonic uplift has had a significant impact on the present-day magnitude of the vertical stress and is interpreted to be responsible for the majority of observed variation of vertical stress in the Carnarvon Basin.

The Influence of Aluminium Alloy Quench Sensitivity on the Magnitude of Heat Treatment Induced Residual Stress

To produce useful strengthening, precipitation hardenable aluminium alloys rely on rapid quenching from the solution heat treatment temperature to suppress the formation of coarse equilibrium second phases. An unavoidable consequence of the rapid quenching of thick sections is the severe thermal gradients that quickly develop in the material. The attendant inhomogeneous plastic flow can then result in the establishment of residual stresses. The surface and through thickness residual stress magnitudes present in heat treated high strength aluminium alloy components are frequently reported to exceed the uniaxial yield stress of small specimens of the same alloy measured immediately after quenching. In thick section plate and forgings it is proposed that these high residual stress magnitudes are a consequence of hardening precipitation that occurs during quenching which allows for a greater elastic stress to be supported. To investigate this theory, thick sections of the quench sensitive alloy 7175 and the less quench sensitive alloy 7010 were heat treated in such a way as to allow the internal hardness to be measured immediately, after quenching. The rate of cooling was also monitored during quenching and these data were used in conjunction with time temperature property data to predict the degree of precipitation and subsequent loss of hardening potential in the fully heat treated condition. The magnitudes of the residual stresses induced during quenching were determined using standard x-ray diffraction techniques.

Dynamic Focusing Effect of Laminated Piezoelectric Structures Subjected to Radial Impact

This article presents an analytical solution to reveal some of the phenomena of the dynamic focusing effect of the laminated structures composed of the piezoelectric fiber and the matrix layer subjected to the radial impact load. The dynamic focusing effect gives rise to very high stress magnitudes and electric potential at the center or near the center of piezoelectric fibers, which easily results in a breakage along the axial direction of the piezoelectric fiber at the higher tensile stress region. The electroelastodynamic equation for the laminated cylindrical piezoelectric structures is solved by means of the integral transforms. The unknown constants involved are determined by using the interface continuity conditions between the piezoelectric fiber and the matrix layer, and the boundary condition at the external surface of the laminated cylindrical piezoelectric structure. From the analytical expressions and the numerical examples for the two kinds of piezoelectric fibers, PZT-4 and BaTiO3, it is found that the dynamic focusing effect is dependent on the material property of the piezoelectric fibers, so that the maximum dynamic focusing effects of the two kinds of piezoelectric fibers occur at different radial points. It is significant to know the mechanism of the dynamic focusing effect of the laminated cylindrical piezoelectric structures subjected to the radial impact load to evaluate the dynamic strength and the electric excitation signal of the composite structures with the piezoelectric fiber and the matrix layer.

Residual stress magnitudes and related properties in quenched aluminium alloys

The surface and through thickness residual stress magnitudes present in heat treated high strength aluminium alloy components are frequently reported to exceed the uniaxial yield stress of small specimens of the same alloy measured immediately after quenching. In thick section plate and forgings, it is proposed that these high residual stress magnitudes are a consequence of hardening precipitation that occurs during quenching which allows a greater elastic stress to be supported. To investigate this theory, a Jominy end quench technique is used to determine the hardness of aluminium alloys 7010, 7175 and 5083 as a function of distance from the quenched end. Cooling curves have been measured for Jominy end quench specimens using deeply buried thermocouples and are compared with finite element model predictions. Tensile properties are also determined for small specimens quenched into cold and boiling water. Vickers hardness and X-ray diffraction residual stress measurements are undertaken on specimens of varying size acting as a comparison with the Jominy results. These results in combination with optical and electron microscopy data do suggest that low temperature rather than high temperature precipitation during the quench leads to increased as quenched mechanical strengths, with the consequence that less quench sensitive alloys will support higher residual stress magnitudes as section thicknesses increase.

Effect of precipitation during quenching on the mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy 7010 in the W-temper

Residual stress magnitudes in quenched high-strength aluminium alloys determined by several researchers using a variety of techniques indicate values that far exceed the as measured yield strength of the material in the quenched condition. Some research has indicated that the high residual stress magnitudes in large forgings may partly occur as a result of precipitation during the quench. To investigate this theory, a novel Jominy end quench technique is used to determine the hardness of aluminium alloy 7010 as a function of cooling rate. Cooling curves have been measured for Jominy end quench type samples using deeply buried thermocouples and are compared with finite element model predictions. Tensile properties are also determined for samples quenched into boiling water and compared with samples quenched into cold water.Vickers hardness and X-ray diffraction residual stress measurements are undertaken on samples of varying size acting as a comparison with the Jominy results to indicate how both homogenous and heterogeneous precipitation lead to increased as quenched mechanical strengths.