High Step-up Gain Research Articles

A novel SIMIDCBC topology driven PMSM for PEV application

Nowadays, the usage of renewable energy based electric vehicles is increased for reducing CO2 emissions, usage of fossil fuels, energy saving, and transportation cost. As a result, it becomes the most significantly run with combined energy sources and it is good choice which minimizes the energy consumption from charging stations. The available renewable energy is integrated to power-train through power-electronic interface; such interface consists of three-phase inverter with DC-DC boost converter. The combined energy sources like solar-PV/battery are integrated to power-train by employing multi-input non-isolated step-up DC-DC converter for providing continuous power to drive the vehicle. The multi-terminal topologies have efficient, reliable performance, continuous input current, high step-up gain over the conventional DC-DC converters. In this work, a unique framework of combined energy powered switched-inductor based multi-input DC boost converter topology has been proposed to drive the PMSM. The performance of proposed SIMIDCBC topology driven PMSM for PEV application under constant and variable speed conditions are verified by using MATLAB/Simulink tool, simulation results are presented.

High Gain Step-Up Dickson Converter with Interleaved Topology for Applications In Renewable Energy

High Gain Step-Up Dickson Converter with Interleaved Topology for Applications In Renewable Energy

Tri-State Coupled Inductor Based High Step-Up Gain Converter Without Right Hand Plane Zero

This brief proposes a novel tri-state Coupled Inductor (CI) based high step-up gain converter without Right Half Plane (RHP) zero. The basic Coupled Inductor based Boost Converter (CIBC) can achieve high step-up gain by changing the turn ratio of CI and duty cycle. However, the control to output voltage transfer function of basic CIBC converter in CCM has RHP zero hence non-minimum phase behavior with limited bandwidth and unstable operation of the converter when step changes in duty cycle. RHP zero can be eliminated from the basic CIBC by providing freewheeling period in converter operation hence additional degree of freedom to control energy transfer to output capacitor. Thus, the converter achieves stable operation and improves the bandwidth. The small-signal model of the proposed converter is derived to verify the claim. All theoretical findings are verified by experimental results. Experimental results are provided from implemented laboratory prototype of input voltage of 24 V to output voltage of 100 V and 200 W power.

High Step-Up Gain Converter Based on Two-Phase Interleaved Coupled Inductor Without Right-Hand Plane Zero

This paper proposed a novel two-phase interleaved Coupled Inductor (CI) based high step-up gain converter without Right Half Plane (RHP) zeros for a wide operating range of duty cycle. A coupled inductor between input and output is used in the proposed converter to eliminate RHP zero. The energy of CI is transferred to output capacitor when switch is ON to eliminate RHP zero. Furthermore, the converter has a wide operating range to eliminate RHP zero with a coefficient coupling of CI near one. Thus, the converter achieves higher bandwidth and a wide range of control over output voltage. The small-signal model of proposed converter is derived to verify the proposed claim. The single loop voltage control is sufficient to regulate output voltage of the converter with a good stability margin and faster dynamic response for a wide range of load changes. In addition, proposed converter has a high voltage step-up gain and low voltage stress on switching devices compared to the boost converter. Moreover, interleaved operation at input side reduces ripple and increases power density. All theoretical findings are verified by simulation and experimental results. Experimental results are provided from implemented laboratory prototype of input voltage of 24 V to output voltage of 100 V and 200 W power.

A Two-Switch SEPIC-Based Nonisolated Three-Port Converter Featuring High Step-Up Gain for Solar PV Applications

A two-switch nonisolated DC–DC three-port converter (TPC) based on a modified SEPIC circuit with a high voltage gain is introduced and a unified power control strategy is proposed in this article. The proposed TPC is integrated with one low-voltage input and one high-voltage port and is suitable for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The operating principle of this TPC is analyzed in detail and then its static voltage gain is determined. In addition, the advantage of using a modified SEPIC circuit is that fewer components are employed compared to a similar topology. Furthermore, the state space method is adopted to analyze this multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system and then a small signal model is built to design an appropriate control strategy. Finally, the proposed 100 W TPC connects a solar PV energy storage system to a load demonstrating efficiency ranging from 85% to 94%. Moreover, the steady- and dynamic-state performances of this TPC are verified in the SimStar MT3200 HIL platform, which illustrates the feasibility of the proposed TPC and its power control strategy for solar PV applications.

Small-signal model of two-phase interleaved coupled inductor-based high step-up gain converter in DCM

Small-signal model of two-phase interleaved coupled inductor-based high step-up gain converter in DCM

Development of a High-Gain Step-Up DC/DC Power Converter With Magnetic Coupling for Low-Voltage Renewable Energy

Development of a High-Gain Step-Up DC/DC Power Converter With Magnetic Coupling for Low-Voltage Renewable Energy

High-Gain Compact Interleaved Boost Converter With Reduced Voltage Stress for PV Application

This article proposes an interleaved, highly efficient, high-gain modified boost converter. High-gain and transformerless converter operation makes the converter suitable for integrating photovoltaic (PV) power to standalone dc microgrid. A coupled inductor is used with two diodes and one switch per phase with a common clamping capacitor to modify the conventional boost converter. The common clamping capacitor and the coupled inductor reduce the converter’s component count and size; thus, high efficiency is achieved at a low cost. The proposed converter achieves a high step-up gain and low voltage stress on switches. Interleaved converters are deemed ideal for PV power extraction as they exhibit low input current ripple. A 900-W prototype of a two-phase interleaved modified boost converter is designed and developed to verify the working principle of the converter and performance testing.

A new non-isolated interleaved high step-up gain DC-DC converter with reduced voltage stress on switching devices

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a new Non-Isolated Interleaved (NII) high step-up gain DC-DC converter. This new topology aimed for high power applications, which achieves high step-up voltage gain without a high turns ratio n and a high duty cycle. This converter comprised of two-phase interleaved Coupled-Inductors (CIs) integrated with voltage multiplier rectifier and switched capacitor. The key feature of this converter is very low voltage stress on switching devices compares to existing NII high step-up gain topologies for the similar gain. The reduced rating allows the use of low-voltage rating power devices. Besides, the presented converter inherently recycles the leakage energy, and do not require an auxiliary clamp circuit. In addition, the switching operation is free from the reverse recovery problem due to the zero-current-switching. The working principle and performance characteristics of the converter are presented in detail. The analytical study of effect of parasitic parameters on voltage gain and efficiency of this converter is also presented. The performance comparisons with existing NII high step-up gain topologies are provided to highlight the merits of the converter. To verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis, the experimental setup of 300 W is built. The experiments are conducted to boost 24 V–380 V with turns ratio n = 1, and to boost 24 V–580 V with n = 2.

Single‐active switch high‐voltage gain DC–DC converter using a non‐coupled inductor

A single-active switch high-voltage gain non-coupled inductor DC–DC converter is presented. The introduced converter achieves high step-up gain without using any coupled inductors or transformers, provides high efficiency, and has a simple control system. The converter also achieves low voltage stress on the switch and diodes without clamping circuits, reducing cost, conduction losses, and complexity. The input current of the introduced converter is continuous with low ripple, and is therefore suitable for renewable energy applications in which the fast dynamic response of the converter is necessary. The principle of operation and design considerations of the introduced converter are investigated. A 200 W prototype circuit with 40 kHz switching frequency, 40 V input voltage, and 250 V output voltage is implemented. The prototype operates at 93.2% efficiency, with voltage and current error of less than 4% compared to theoretical values.

A Non-Pulsating Input Current Step-Up DC/DC Converter With Common Ground Structure for Photovoltaic Applications

Many of the High Gain Step-Up DC/DC converters proposed in the literature do not share common ground and have a pulsating or discontinuous input current, making the converter unsuitable for solar photovoltaic applications. In this article, a non-pulsating input current (NPIC) with a high-gain DC/DC step-up converter is proposed and analyzed in detail. The converter shares a common ground structure and a voltage conversion ratio more than twice that of the Traditional quadratic boost converter (TQBC). The converter has two switches that operate in phase, which makes it easy to control. Also, the voltage stress across all semiconductor devices is lower than the output voltage, which enhances the efficiency of the converter. The loss analysis is carried out with the PLECS software, integrating the real models of switches and diodes from the technical datasheet. To confirm and validate the functionality of the proposed converter, a 200 W hardware prototype is being developed in the laboratory. It was observed that the maximum efficiency was 94.5% with an input voltage of 16V. The converter achieves high gain at low duty cycles and has been shown to perform well in open loop conditions.

General Method for Synthesizing High Gain Step-Up DC–DC Converters Based on Differential Connections

This article introduces a powerful methodology to synthesize high gain step-up dc–dc converters from differential connections of two converters. The two selected converters may be either equal or different, and they can use different kinds of gain cells. Both only have to present a common reference between the input and output voltages and the same output voltage polarity. The proposed differential connection supplies high step-up converters and mainly the method can be applied to synthesize different topologies from different well-known converters. Besides the derivation and analysis of some converters in continuous conduction mode, the article also discusses the power processing, reduction of components, addition of gain cells to further increase the gain, different kinds of modulations, and addresses a different point of view for some topologies previously published in literature. The proposed methodology is verified through thirteen prototypes derived from basic converters considering input voltage of 20 V, duty cycle of 0.75, switching frequency of 50 kHz and rated power of 100 W. Moreover, three new ultrahigh gain dc–dc converters are still derived from the insertion of gain cells in the differential converters herein proposed. These three converters are experimentally evaluated under input voltages of 20 and 30 V, rated power of 200 W and, switching frequency of 50 kHz, providing static gains from 15 up to 30, and peak efficiency of 96.78%.

Behavioral switching model for current-fed Cockcroft–Walton voltage multiplier

After about 80 years of introducing the Cockcroft–Walton (CW) circuit, it is still widely used because of its advantages, such as simplicity and high step-up gain. Several studies focused on the performance and design optimization of the circuit, but a dynamic model of the circuit remains to be established. This study analyzed the operation principles of an n-stage current-fed Cockcroft–Walton (CF-CWVM) during transient and steady-state operations. Then, an approach was derived to achieve a mathematical model for CF-CWVM with an arbitrary number of stages. A mathematical model for one- and two-stage CF-CWVM was developed, and its results were compared with simulation results. The theoretical model and simulations were validated by providing a prototype of CF-CWVM and comparing the results with the model outputs.

High Step-Up Gain DC–DC Converter With Switched Capacitor and Regenerative Boost Configuration for Solar PV Applications

Because of cost, size, and weight, the transformer is the primary burden in grid-connected solar PV-system and it decreases the whole system efficiency. In order to avoid the use of a transformer, a high step-up gain dc-dc converter is proposed by combining the switched capacitor and regenerative boost (SCRB) configuration in this brief. In classic boost type and derived converters, the device stresses and losses associated with the converter are high and result in lower efficiency. In the proposed converter, the SCRB operations take place simultaneously using lossless passive components and a minimum number of semiconductor devices. Thereby, it drastically increases the dc-voltage gain and enhances efficiency. In addition, it also dominates with fewer ripple content, which helps to elongate the lifetime of devices and suppress the electromagnetic interference. This brief describes detailed steady-state waveforms and various modes of operation under continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode. This brief also presents the performances of the proposed converter and compares with conventional converters characteristics. A 500 W experimental model has been built to validate the operation and confirms the theoretical waveforms with experimental results. The maximum efficiency of 95.60% is obtained at 480 W for the proposed converter.

Hybrid converter for electric vehicle battery charging with power quality features

The power factor correction converters for electric vehicle battery chargers result in higher conduction losses and reverse recovery losses when fed from low voltage supply line. To overcome the above problem, a hybrid switched capacitor Cuk converter based power factor correction converter is proposed which has high stepup gain and low-voltage stress across the switch. The converter offers a very significant efficiency improvement at low voltage supply line over the single-switch buck-boost converters (including fly-back, SEPIC and Cuk topologies) and conventional two-switch buck-boost cascaded converters. In this paper, the design and simulation of the proposed converter is carried out in continuous current mode (CCM). The modelling and simulation are done in Matlab-Simulink environment. The power quality indices like THDs (vTHD, iTHD), PF are evaluated to demonstrate the performance of the converter. The converter is evaluated both in steady state and transient conditions.

A Family of Inverting Buck-Boost Converters With Extended Conversion Ratios

In this paper, two inverting buck-boost converters which possess wide conversion ratios are proposed. At the proper duty cycles, the inverting buck 2 -boost converter (IB2BC) achieves high step-down gain while the inverting buck-boost 2 converter (IBB2C) realizes high step-up gain. Advantages of the IB2BC and the IBB2C also include fourth-order simple common-ground structures to increase the power density and operability, low components stress to decrease the corresponding losses and then to improve the system efficiency, no sudden changings on capacitors voltage to prevent the instantaneous overcurrent phenomenon. Owing to the special structures of the IB2BC and the IBB2C, their improved single-switch topologies with reduced number of switch and extensional topologies with wider conversion ratios are constructed, respectively. Operational principles and corresponding comparisons of the above mentioned buck-boost converters are deeply studied and analyzed. As the representative, the single-switch inverting buck-boost 2 converter (SIBB2C) is designed and experimented in step-down/up modes for verifying the family of buck-boost converters performance.

Study of High Step-Up Gain DC-DC Converters Based on Stacking of Non-Isolated Topologies

This paper approaches the study of stacked DC-DC converters with high step-up gain, using low-voltage devices. The proposed topologies are generated from the stacking of conventional buck-boost structures and they are suitable in applications that a high conversion ratio is required. The stacked converters can also be employed as DC bus to provide one or several output voltage levels with self-balancing, and thus different loads can be connected to one or more capacitors of the stack. A generalized theoretical analysis of the proposed topologies approaching static gain, voltage and current stresses on the main components and power flow analysis is described in this paper. A 1-kW prototype with 100 V input voltage and 400 V output voltage was designed, built and tested. The experimental results corroborate the generalized theoretical analysis and they demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed converters.

Dynamic Analysis and Control Approach for a High-Gain Step-Up Converter for Electrified Transportation

Electric power take-off system has gained significant popularity in automobiles and aircraft. The system requires a high-gain step-up converter to boost the voltage of the low-voltage batteries. A novel topology has been proposed for these applications. The output voltage requires good regulation during load changes. This paper presents the dynamic modeling of the converter using generalized averaging method. A small-signal model is developed by linearizing around the operating points. The analysis of system stability indicates that the system is stable at all operating points. The sensitivity of parameters such as leakage inductance and load resistance has been studied to analyze the effect of these parameters in the context of system behavior and the controller design. A dedicated controller has been designed, which includes a feedback controller to regulate the output voltage and a lead compensator to solve the potential instability issue brought by the right-half-plane zeros. It also includes a feedforward controller in its inner loop to eliminate the effect of the disturbance in the input voltage. Simulation and experimental results have been used to validate the system model and the proposed controller.

A Bipolar High-Voltage Multiplier Using Switched-Capacitor AC-AC Converters

To provide nutritious and fresh processed foods at low cost, an underwater shockwave has been utilized for non-thermal food processing in recent years. In this paper, we propose an efficient high voltage multiplier in order to generate the underwater shockwave. Unlike conventional Cockcroft-Walton voltage multipliers (CWVMs), the proposed multiplier amplifies the input voltage twice by combining a switched-capacitor (SC) ac-ac converter and a bipolar CWVM in series. The proposed multiplier can achieve smaller size than existing multipliers, because the proposed multiplier requires no full-bridge circuits. Furthermore, owing to the series-connected bipolar topology using an SC ac-ac converter, high step-up gain can be realized with a small number of stages. The operation principle and characteristic evaluation are described concerning the proposed multiplier. Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) simulations demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed multiplier.

A floating-output interleaved boost DC–DC converter with high step-up gain

ABSTRACTA new interleaved boost converter with high step-up gain is presented in this paper. The proposed topology integrates coupled inductors and floating-output capacitors technique into interleaved boost converter to provide high step-up voltage gain without extreme duty cycle. The voltage stress on the power switches and diodes is very low, so low-cost and high-performance semiconductor devices can be employed. Also, the reverse recovery problem of all diodes is mitigated and zero-current-switching (ZCS) turn-on operation of the main switches is established as well. In addition, the passive clamp circuits are employed to suppress the voltage spikes across the main switches during turn-off instants. The operating principles and steady-state analysis of the proposed converter in continuous condition mode are explained. Finally, the simulation and experimental results of prototype 25–400 V circuit with 200 W output power are provided to verify the performance of presented topology.