High-speed Train Station Research Articles

Scientific calculation and application of safety marking principles

In today's era, trains have become an indispensable mode of transportation for people, yet safety hazards are inevitable during the process of trains entering stations. To study these safety hazards and the principles behind the design of safety markings, we combine the Bernoulli Effect and the conservation of mechanical energy in fluids, taking into account factors such as a person's weight, volume, and distance from the train. We derive an expression that relates the pressure experienced by individuals to the train's speed, the train's cross-sectional area, the distance between the individual and the train, and the area of the individual subjected to force. By comparing this with the general friction force that corresponds to real-life situations, we find that the distances for safety markings provided by the national "Railway Technical Management Regulations" for high-speed train and dynamic train stations are reasonable: for speeds not exceeding 120km/h, the distance is 1000mm; for speeds over 120km/h but not exceeding 160km/h, the distance is 1500mm; and for speeds over 160km/h up to 200km/h, the distance is 2000mm, regardless of the platform height. Based on the factors affecting the safety markings on railway platforms, four practical safety recommendations are proposed.

Exploring Passengers’ Emotions and Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Airport and Railway Station through Online Reviews

To enhance the service quality and sustainable development of urban transport hubs, a comprehensive understanding of passengers’ emotional inclinations and satisfaction levels is paramount. This study analyzes online reviews from passengers at three different types of transport hub in Changsha, China. We aim to understand passengers’ experiences by analyzing word frequency, semantic networks, and sentiment. Our analysis shows that passengers’ words can be grouped into four categories. Core words are more important in shaping passenger evaluations than edge words. The sentiment and satisfaction analysis reveals passengers are generally satisfied with the convenient transit options and the cleanliness of the transport hubs. The study also shows that passenger satisfaction levels have steadily increased over the years across different transport hubs. During holidays, passengers at airports and high-speed train stations express more positive sentiments. Passengers with shorter comments tend to be more satisfied than those with longer comments.

A multi-level analysis on the causes of train-pedestrian collisions in Southwest China 2011–2020

Collisions between trains and pedestrians are the primary cause of railway casualties. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the underlying causes of this phenomenon. This study employs a multi-level approach to investigate the factors associated with the occurrence and severity of train-pedestrian collisions. The investigation is based on 2160 independent cases that occurred in southwest China from 2011 to 2020. Multiple contributing factors related to the victim, train, track, and socio-economic status of the surrounding district were examined, utilizing information from various sources. At the county level, several risk factors were identified in predicting the occurrence rate. These factors include higher population density and a greater number of normal-speed stations. However, the presence of high-speed train stations did not exhibit any significant impact. Additionally, the study found that regulations pertaining to protective fences were highly effective in reducing the occurrence rate. Regarding the prediction of collision severity, certain factors were found to increase the death rate. These factors include young men as victims, engaging in lying down or crossing behaviors, higher train speeds, gentle downhill slopes, lower education levels, and a higher proportion of the labor force. These findings emphasize the necessity of adopting a comprehensive perspective when examining the causes of train-pedestrian collisions. Furthermore, it underscores the significance of considering the notable differences between rapidly developing countries such as China and developed countries. Based on our findings, we also provide corresponding policy suggestions.

Using a hybrid simulation model to assess the impacts of combined COVID-19 containment measures in a high-speed train station

ABSTRACT In this study, we present a hybrid agent-based model (ABM) and discrete event simulation (DES) framework where ABM captures the spread dynamics of COVID-19 via asymptomatic passengers and DES captures the impacts of environmental variables, such as service process capacity, on the results of different containment measures in a typical high-speed train station in China. The containment and control measures simulated include as-is (nothing changed) passenger flow control, enforcing social distancing, adherence level in face mask-wearing, and adding capacity to current service stations. These measures are evaluated individually and then jointly under a different initial number of asymptomatic passengers. The results show how some measures can consolidate the outcomes for each other, while combinations of certain measures could compromise the outcomes for one or the other due to unbalanced service process configurations. The hybrid ABM and DES models offer a useful multi-function simulation tool to help inform decision/policy makers of intervention designs and implementations for addressing issues like public health emergencies and emergency evacuations. Challenges still exist for the hybrid model due to the limited availability of simulation platforms, extensive consumption of computing resources, and difficulties in validation and optimisation.

An Interpretable Station Delay Prediction Model Based on Graph Community Neural Network and Time-Series Fuzzy Decision Tree

High-speed train delay prediction has always been one of the important research issues in the railway dispatching. Accurate and interpretable delay prediction can enable staff to implement preventive measures and scheduling decisions in advance, and guide relevant departments to cooperate in completing complex transportation tasks, so as to improve rail transit operations, service quality, and the efficiency of train operation. This article proposes a new interpretable model based on graph community neural network and time-series fuzzy decision tree. This model can well capture the influence of spatiotemporal characteristics, train community structure, and multifactor in high-speed train station delay prediction. Besides, the time series fuzzy decision tree based on multiobjective optimization and reduced error pruning can mine potential decision rules to improve the model's interpretability, transparency, and high reliability. Finally, we prove that the prediction effect of the proposed model is superior than the other seven state-of-the-art models and our model is interpretable.

Audiovisual perception of a historical route in Konya city (Türkiye)

To perceive our world, the city we live in, and communicate with the urban elements surrounding us, information from other sensory sources (such as auditory, touch, and smell) as well as visual perception are very important and deeply affecting data. With the help of all the sensory data they feel, people attach meanings to the space, feel a sense of belonging, connect to the space, and transform the space into a 'living space'. It is stated by many studies that this issue is very important in the design of a sustainable urban environment. From this point of view, the main purpose of this study is to understand the interaction of the visual and auditory characteristics of the urban space with each other and how these interactions are evaluated by the individuals using the space with inquiries such as ‘Is the visual value also high in areas with high soundscape value?’ or ‘Does the visuality of the urban environment affect sound quality assessments? Within the scope of the study, the axis between Konya High-Speed Train Station and Mevlana Tomb, an important axis in terms of the city’s vision, was selected as a sample area. This axis is about 3 km. long and has many historical identity values and central functions of Konya city. For the study, soundwalking and the questionnaire application method accompanying this walk on the sample axis were used. Acoustic characteristics of the axis were also understood with sound intensity measurements (dB levels). Photographs taken from the area and the questionnaire application to measure the user's perspective were used to understand the visual attractiveness of the sample axis. The study was carried out with a total of 92 people participating in the study. In the next step, the data obtained from all these analyses are integrated, and detailed evaluations were made on the determined parts and the whole axis. As a result of the study, it was seen that the relationship between the auditory and visual environment was not directly proportional across the selected sample axis. At this point, it can be said that the importance of the context in which the auditory landscape is perceived is obvious.

The impact of improved passenger transport system on manufacturing plant productivity

In this paper, we examine the effect of transportation infrastructure on the productivity of manufacturing plants. In particular, we analyze whether improved passenger transportation connections to metropolitan cities positively affect manufacturing plant productivity in peripheral regions. The introduction of the Korea Train eXpress (KTX) high-speed train in 2004 allows us to examine the impact of improved passenger transport. Applying a difference-in-differences framework to plant-level data, we examine whether the productivity of manufacturing plants in counties with high-speed train stations improves more than that in counties without high-speed train stations after the KTX introduction. The results suggest an increase of approximately 5 percent in the productivity of manufacturing plants due to the introduction of the high-speed rail.

High-Speed Rail Stations and Airports: Symbolic Infrastructures of Mobility as “Places of Globalisation”

In the current era of mobility, airports and high-speed train stations have turned into necessary infrastructures of any world city. Beyond connecting places physically and energizing economically the cities in which they are located, they play a prominent role in the consolidation and maintenance of world cities, as they are also symbolic facilities, linked to dominant leisure-consumption practices. This more immaterial perspective is emphasised, especially in the face of the greater presence of non-aeronautical uses in these places, which has caused a change of conception in their architectural design, in the leisure-consumption activities that are developed in them and in the attempts to project territorial identities in a world context where homogenisation patterns printed by globalization are generalised. Therefore, in the face of those anthropological conceptions that define them as “non places”, they can be referred to as “places of Globalisation”, that are defined, or are at least heavily influenced, by the contemporary emphasis on leisure, consumption and global mobility.

Industrial information integration in track allocation optimization in high-speed train stations

Efficiently allocating tracks for trains in high-speed train stations is crucial for avoiding train conflicts. The wireless sensor networks (WSN) can support intelligent infrastructure and make train stations smart. After wireless sensors collect vast amount of dynamic information, information integration is an effective approach for achieving efficiency in data process. So far, many approaches have been proposed by scholars for optimizing track allocation. However, no optimization method has been presented for track allocation in smart high-speed train stations from the perspective of industrial information integration. Accordingly, this paper proposes a model for optimizing track allocation by setting the balance of track occupied times and the balance of track occupied interval as objective functions. A simulated annealing algorithm is developed for finding solutions for the model. An application is presented to verify the proposed model and algorithm.

Exploring the roles of high-speed train, air and coach services in the spread of COVID-19 in China

To understand the roles of different transport modes in the spread of COVID-19 pandemic across Chinese cities, this paper looks at the factors influencing the number of imported cases from Wuhan and the spread speed and pattern of the pandemic. We find that frequencies of air flights and high-speed train (HST) services out of Wuhan are significantly associated with the number of COVID-19 cases in the destination cities. The presence of an airport or HST station at a city is significantly related to the speed of the pandemic spread, but its link with the total number of confirmed cases is weak. The farther the distance from Wuhan, the lower number of cases in a city and the slower the dissemination of the pandemic. The longitude and latitude coordinates do not have a significant relationship with the number of total cases but can increase the speed of the COVID-19 spread. Specifically, cities in the higher longitudinal region tended to record a COVID-19 case earlier than their counterparties in the west. Cities in the north were more likely to report the first case later than those in the south. The pandemic may emerge in large cities earlier than in small cities as GDP is a factor positively associated with the spread speed.

Optimal railway station locations for high-speed trains based on partial coverage and passenger cost savings

ABSTRACT Advances in high-speed railway technology directly affect industrial competitiveness and regional economies. In this study, the location and allocation problem of high-speed train stations is investigated using a two-stage optimization model. In the first stage, we select candidate station locations by considering partial coverage to maximize the demand under the limitation of the number of stations. In the second stage, we determine the optimal number of station locations to maximize the passenger transportation cost savings. The optimal solutions in the first stage are used as candidate stations in the second stage. Computational experiments are performed to test the proposed two-stage optimization model using a case study of the northern railway line in Thailand. The results provide decision-makers with useful information on the design and construction of high-speed railways.

Exploring the Roles of High-Speed Train, Air and Coach Services in the Spread of COVID-19 in China

To understand the roles of different transport modes in the spread of COVID-19 pandemic across Chinese cities, this paper looks at the factors influencing the number of imported cases from Wuhan and the spread speed and pattern of the pandemic. We find that frequencies of air flights and high-speed train (HST) services out of Wuhan are significantly associated with the number of COVID-19 cases in the destination cities. The presence of an airport or HST station at a city is significantly related to the speed of the pandemic spread, but its link with the total number of confirmed cases is weak. The farther the distance from Wuhan, the lower number of cases in a city and the slower the dissemination of the pandemic. The longitude and latitude coordinates do not have a significant relationship with the number of total cases but can increase the speed of the COVID-19 spread. Specifically, cities in the higher longitudinal region tended to record a COVID-19 case earlier than their counterparties in the west. Cities in the north were more likely to report the first case later than those in the south. The pandemic may emerge in large cities earlier than in small cities as GDP is a factor positively associated with the spread speed.

Time-varied accessibility and vulnerability analysis of integrated metro and high-speed rail systems

Intra-city metro rail systems together with the inter-city high-speed rail system can provide very punctual transportation services for those trips with origins and destinations both served by metro stations. The travel time by metro and the transfer time between metro and high-speed rail stations averagely accounts for 26.5% of the shortest travel time of a typical trip in China. This paper considers these two types of rail systems as a whole, called integrated metro and high-speed rail systems. Different operation frequencies of these two types of rail systems make the accessibility via an integrated rail system time-varied, not only depending on the travel time, but also depending on the departure time from the origin station. In this context, this paper proposes three types of accessibility metrics: (a) the travel time based accessibility, which provides the minimum travel time from one city's metro station i departed at a given time to another city's metro station j; (b) the best departure based accessibility, which quantifies the length of the periods during which the departure time makes the travel time acceptable; (c) the round trip based accessibility, which measures the maximum time duration that a passenger can stay at the destination station for a round trip in a typical day. Based on these accessibility metrics, this paper also investigates the vulnerability of the integrated rail system in China under single high-speed train station failure and two real severe weather events. The findings provide insightful suggestions to plan the two types of rail systems as a whole.

Editorial to the special issue “Transdisciplinary approaches for industrial information integration engineering I”

Efficiently allocating tracks for trains in high-speed train stations is crucial for avoiding train conflicts. The wireless sensor networks (WSN) can support intelligent infrastructure and make train stations smart. After wireless sensors collect vast amount of dynamic information, information integration is an effective approach for achieving efficiency in data process. So far, many approaches have been proposed by scholars for optimizing track allocation. However, no optimization method has been presented for track allocation in smart high-speed train stations from the perspective of industrial information integration. Accordingly, this paper proposes a model for optimizing track allocation by setting the balance of track occupied times and the balance of track occupied interval as objective functions. A simulated annealing algorithm is developed for finding solutions for the model. An application is presented to verify the proposed model and algorithm.

Optimization of the Synergies Between Preparation of High-Speed Railway Train Running Diagram and Station Route Allocation Plan

Abstract Introduction. Station route allocation plan is an important extension of the train running diagram and the both are closely intertwined so the overall research on the synergetic preparation method is more beneficial in improving the preparation quality of the train running diagram and providing better service for passengers. Therefore, the research topic has practical significance. Methodology. Based on extensive literatures, this paper studies the synergetic preparation method of train running diagram and station route allocation plan in detail and analyses their association for providing a theoretical basis for the synergetic preparation method. Results. This work introduces the synergetic, analyses the systematic characteristics of the operation organization system of high speed railway and puts forward the optimization strategy of train running diagram and station route allocation plan. Conclusions. The work provides the solution for the preparation of the train running diagram and station route allocation plan by solving the examples based on the relevant optimization factors, such as train running in districts and train arrangement.

Improving transfer feasibility for older travelers inside high-speed train station

China is faced with a serve aging crisis, and the seniors’ long-distance travel is becoming more challenging with the rapid development of high-speed trains. This paper studies the transfer feasibility for elderly passengers passing through specific barriers at high-speed train stations. Questionnaires were distributed at Beijing High-Speed Train Station, with 716 valid samples involved. This paper divides the transfer procedure into seven phases, and proposes various points of interest at each phase with different barriers. These points of barriers are categorized into three major different types: Serious AND Common, Serious BUT NOT Common, and Common BUT NOT Serious. The quantitative relationships between each point of barriers and old travelers’ information have been explored using decision tree and binary logistics regression. As a conclusion, we suggest some recommendations for improving the transfer environment, long-distance mobility, as well as wellbeing of the older adults at high-speed train stations. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to study the transfer feasibility at high speed train stations for seniors both qualitatively and quantitatively, especially dealing with the complicated transfer procedure.

Passenger Experience of China’s High Speed Rail (HSR) Service

The development of high-speed rail (HSR) is one of the high priority programs in China. China’s HSR network has become the most heavily used transportation system in the world. Despite its advanced technical features, however, little research focuses on passenger experience and passenger interaction with HSR system; passengers’ satisfaction of high-speed train service is relatively low in China. This article identifies four factors influencing passenger experience in China’s high-speed train station, namely 1) the price, 2) the people present, 3) the service process and 4) the physical facilities. By this article, we would learn the new knowledge about passenger experience of Chinese HSR train station. These new insights can also be used to optimize passengers’ experience of China’s high-speed train station design.

Gare au standard ! Les nouveaux quartiers de gare TGV, produit d’appel pour des territoires en mal de reconnaissance ?

For the last decade , in large cities , urban regeneration projects of dilapidated areas surrounding high-speed train stations have been a “must have” for public policies. Over time, those areas have become a highly valued, multi-facetted asset greatly helping declining cities to regain attractiveness. Precisely because they are standardized , those urban projects are reassuring both public authorities and private stakeholders for novel financing, especially in shrinking cities. But even if standard projects were viewed as a “miracle formula” for a while, they are now considered as a necessary but not sufficient step to boost urban growth.

From city’s station to station city

Since its origin, the railway station has had a complicated relationship with the city, demanding periodical updates, particularly regarding spatial issues. With the aim of improving the liveability of station areas, current redevelopment projects are reconceptualising them as balanced transport ‘nodes’ and ‘places’ in the city. However, the proposed spatial solutions do not fully support the sought after economic, social and environmental performances. These intentions continue to be predominantly bounded with the (abstract) planological level, not finding appropriate translation at the (concrete) spatial design level. Further, the interdisciplinary nature of the highly complex planning and design processes of station areas, which should contribute to enhance the performance of their spaces, reinforces constraints and relegates architecture to a marginal role in this quest. It is thus necessary to understand how architecture can contribute to the improvement of the spatial performance of contemporary stations areas, supporting their current reconceptualization. To gain this understanding, the research explored the factors which influence the spatial definition and performance of European High Speed Train station areas, using “design research” and “research by design”. Via a theoretical integrative framework, synthesized from knowledge developed by architecture and other sciences, case studies of ‘through’ stations were analysed and compared. Six cases, encapsulating the most recurrent relative positions of the railway (infrastructure and the station building) towards the(ir) direct built environment, were chosen out of a large sample. For each category (cases with railway tracks at (a) ground level, (b) elevated level and (c) underground level), two cases, featuring an adapted station building and a newly built one, were studied. Their physical and functional characteristics were mapped at several scales and moments (in history), as well as redesigned. A variety of positive and negative approaches and solutions to the problem were identified. The research is rounded up with a set of ‘design recommendations’ meant to improve the performance of station area spaces, based on the results of the (graphical) analyses and the redesign exercises. In general, to attain such performance the (physical and functional) integration of the public spaces of the station and of its surroundings, along with the specific (spatial) characteristics of the city they are located in, are crucial. The desirable concentration of transport and non-transport functions must be clearly organized in space, dismantling barriers to their accessibility. To operationalize such integration in all categories of cases, architecture must go beyond its traditional scope regarding intervention scale and methodology. This requires a structural change to the station area’s design task, which should be organized around spatial goals commonly subscribed by all stakeholders, and in which architecture should have a central role. Such renovated awareness on the approach to the redevelopment of station areas is necessary for the improvement of their spatial performance. In this way the ‘city’s station’ can become a ‘station city’ which enhances the city’s liveability, instead of draining it out.

Integration of high-speed train stations in cities: The case of spain and valencia city

Integration of high-speed train stations in cities: The case of spain and valencia city