High School Students In Shiraz Research Articles

The Relative Frequency of Anxiety and Its Correlation with Individual and Family Factors Among Adolescents in Shiraz, 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problems in adolescents. Uncontrolled anxiety disorders during this period not only negatively affect adolescents' current performance but can also have long-term negative consequences on their physical and mental health. Objectives: This study is designed to investigate the relative frequency of anxiety and its correlation with individual and family characteristics among first-grade high school students in Shiraz, 2020. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted on 360 first-grade high school students who were selected using a multi-stage sampling method in Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected through online questionnaire software, which included the Beck Anxiety Inventory and a Demographic Questionnaire, and were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. Results: The relative frequency of anxiety disorders in the study samples was 59.7% (60.9% in girls and 56.6% in boys); among them, 13.1% experienced severe anxiety, 16.9% had moderate anxiety, and 29.7% had mild anxiety. The results of univariate analysis showed correlations between anxiety disorders and factors such as father's unemployment (P = 0.04), a history of physical and mental problems in teenagers (P = 0.04 and P = 0.001, respectively), and the lack of friendly relations between family members (P = 0.001). Additionally, the results of logistic regression analysis indicated that adolescents with mental illness and those lacking friendly relationships within their family had higher chances of experiencing anxiety disorders compared to other participants (OR = 5.00, P = 0.04 and OR = 9.95, P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: In this study, mental illness and the lack of friendly relations between family members emerged as significant factors contributing to adolescents' anxiety. Therefore, identifying and addressing these related factors, along with timely diagnosis and treatment of this disorder in adolescents, should be prioritized by mental health officials.

The relationship between weight status and food environments, peer influence and dietary intake among high-school students: a case-control study

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between weight status and food environments, peer influence and dietary intake among high-school students in Shiraz, Iran. Design/methodology/approach Applying a case-control design, 406 adolescents (n = 203 overweight or obese and n = 203 normal weight) aged 14–18 years were selected using a multistage cluster random sampling method. Demographic information, physical activity level and anthropometric indices were collected. Dietary intake was determined using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Food environment (home and out of home) and peer influence were determined by a validated questionnaire. Findings The type of food purchased using pocket money was different between adolescents with overweight or obesity and normal weight adolescents (p < 0.001). The out-of-home food environment score was not different between groups, but the home food environment score (p = 0.004) and the peer influence score (p = 0.001) were higher in normal weight adolescents. Adolescents with overweight or obesity consumed higher amounts of carbohydrate (p = 0.006) and lower amounts of protein (p = 0.01) and more sweet junk foods (p = 0.01), nonstarchy vegetables (p = 0.03) and fruits (p = 0.01) compared to the normal weight group. Originality/value Home food environment, peer influence, differences in macronutrient intake and dietary patterns may be contributing factors to adolescent weight status.

Parental Sexual Education Style and its Impact on Religious Attitude: The Mediating Role of Islamic Spiritual Health

Objective: Sexual education presents a series of essential psychological, physical, and religious information in the domain of individual sexual aspects along with providing individuals with knowledge and awareness in understanding the characteristics of the opposite gender. The current study aimed to present a structural model of sexual education style with the mediating role of spiritual health on the religious attitudes of high school students in Shiraz. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational research included all female high school students in Shiraz during the academic year 2023-2024 and their parents, with a total of 1234 students selected through cluster random sampling method according to the Morgan formula. Data collection tools included the Surajzadeh Religious Attitude Questionnaire, the Islamic Spiritual Health Questionnaire by Miri et al. (2016), and the Abdollahzadeh and Keykhosravi Sexual Education Style Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Amos software. Findings: The findings indicated that the permissive sexual education style has a direct negative effect on spiritual health. Furthermore, the relationship between this style and religious attitude is negatively significant considering the mediating role of spiritual health. Additionally, the authoritative style has a direct and significant effect on spiritual health, and the relationship between this style and religious attitude is positively significant considering the mediating role of spiritual health. The authoritarian style has no direct or indirect relationship with spiritual health and religious attitude. Also, spiritual health has a direct and significant effect on religious attitude. Conclusion: In conclusion, sexual education plays a pivotal role in imparting psychological, physical, and religious knowledge. The study elucidated a structural model of sexual education, revealing the permissive style's detrimental impact on spiritual health, while the authoritative style positively influenced both spiritual health and religious attitudes among high school students in Shiraz.

Predicting Academic Resilience based on Metacognitive Beliefs and Achievement Motivation in High School Students in Shiraz, Iran

Background Resilience is one of the other essential variables that, in the educational setting, despite challenges and environmental difficulties, is regarded as a very high likelihood of success in school and other life situations.The purpose of this study was to predict academic resilience based on metacognitive beliefs and achievement motivation in first-grade high school students in Shiraz, Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a correlational design. The study population comprised all first-grade high school students in Shiraz, Iran. The research sample included 162 students (79 boys and 83 girls) selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The Academic Resilience Inventory (ARI), the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30), and the Herman's Achievement Motivation Questionnaire were used to measure the studied variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: 162 (49.40%) of the students were females. The results showed that metacognitive beliefs could predict students 'academic resilience β = -0.601; p < 0.01) and achievement motivation, improving students' academic resilience. According to F = 27.285, the fitted regression model's significance at the 95% confidence level. Considering R 2 = 0.15, it can be claimed that 15% of the changes in students' resilience are explained by achievement motivation. Conclusion Based on the results, metacognitive beliefs and motivation for progress significantly predict students' academic resilience.

The moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between the use of visual media and internalizing pathological symptoms in adolescent

Background and Aim:In the face of mistakes and individual shortcomings, self-compassion defines a positive and loving attitude of a person towards her or himself. As a consequence of this compassionate mindset, it is believed that people with high self-compassion experience better control over pathological internalization. The aim of this study was to in vestigate the moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between the use of visual media and internalization of pathological symptoms in adolescents in the academic year 2019-2020. Method: This study, using Cross sectional and correlational research design. The statistical population of this study included all high school students in Shiraz, Iran, who were randomly selected as a cluster of 300 students from areas one and two of education. To measure the studied variables، the questionnaire of self-compassion and the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) were used. To analyze the data and hypotheses، review and compare the factors measured in students، from Chi-square tests and Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression where used at a significant level P-value = 0.05. Rresults: Demographic data analysis showed 162 (49.40 percent) of the students in the study group were female and (48.46 percent) male. The results showed that the variables of self-compassion and body image concern play a moderating role in the relationship between the use of visual media and internalization of pathological symptoms (β=0.296). Conclusion: Self-compassion and body image concern play a significant moderating role in the relationship between the use of visual media and the internalization of pathological symptoms.

Psychometric Properties of Beck Depression Inventory-II for High School Children in Shiraz City, Iran

Background: Depression causes poor academic performance, substance abuse, antisocial behavior, school avoidance, and running away from home in adolescents. Due to the high prevalence of depression in adolescents, reliability, and validity of this questionnaire in this age group is of special importance. Symptoms of depression in children and adolescents are different from their indications in adults. Objectives: The current study aimed at assessing reliability and validity of the Beck depression inventory- second edition (BDI- II) in high school students in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: A total of 1150 high school students from Shiraz were selected to assess the validity and a sum of 128 students from the same city were tested to measure the reliability of the study. Concurrent validity and factor analysis were used to assess validity. Concurrent validity was assessed using Beck anxiety inventory and depression anxiety stress scale (DASS)-21. Factor analysis was computed using varimax rotation method. To assess reliability, test-retest and Cronbach’s alpha were adopted. Results: Correlation coefficients for the concurrent validity of this inventory with Beck anxiety inventory and DASS-21 were 0.45 and 0.55, respectively. The results of factor analysis with varimax rotation method showed 4 factors that predicted 43.69% of the total variance of the test. The reliability and correlation coefficients 0.55 and 0.83 were obtained from test-retest and Cronbach’s alpha methods, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results of the current study, researchers can use BDI- II in psychological research and clinical use for high school students in Shiraz.

HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among High School Students in Shiraz, Iran in 2015

Background & aim: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The awareness of HIV preventive measures and its transmission routes have an important role in controlling the HIV infection in the society. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the awareness and attitudes of the high school students regarding HIV/AIDS infection in Shiraz, Iran, in 2015. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted on 102 students, selected form six high schools. The students and schools were selected using the random sampling technique. The data were collected using a standard researcher-made questionnaire. The data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test through SPSS version 18. Results: As the results of the present study indicated, 55% of the participants were male, and the majority of them were about 17-18 years old. The participants’ general knowledge about HIV was found to be at moderate level. However, they had insufficient awareness of the associated transmission routes and major causes of this disease. The students majoring in biological sciences were more aware of this issue than other students. In addition, the majority of the students had highly positive attitudes towards the AIDS patients and confirmed their right to live and use all facilities. However, a large proportion of the students denied to share a location or personal items with these patients. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, almost all students had high level of general information about HIV. Nonetheless, given the students’ low awareness and knowledge levels about the HIV transmission routes, the administration of the related educational programs is an urgent need to correct the students’ misconceptions about the HIV patients and improve their knowledge in this regard.

Relationship between religion and school students' road behavior in southern Iran

PurposeUnsafe behaviors are an important cause of accidents in adolescent age groups. This study was designed to examine the behaviors of adolescent pedestrians in southern Iran. MethodsThis is a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of high school students in Shiraz, capital city of Fars Province, Iran. Five hundred and sixteen students were selected by multi-stage sampling. Data were collected by the use of three questionnaires, which included Persian copies of adolescent road user behavior questionnaire (ARBQ), Duke University Religious Index (DUREL), as well as the context and independent variables questionnaire. ResultsThe results showed that a decrease in dangerous behaviors on the road resulted in an increase in respondents' intrinsic religiosity. Also, engagement in unsafe crossing behavior in the road decreased with increasing respondents' intrinsic religiosity. Another finding showed that female students were less involved in dangerous play and planned protective behaviors on the road. ConclusionFindings clearly indicate that intrinsic religiosity has a significant role in reducing the risky road behaviors of students. Hence, religion may improve road safety in school students' road behavior in Iran.

The Relationship Between Behavioral Inhibition Strategies for Cognitive Regulation of Emotions and Young Adult Family of Life Events and Changes with Obsessive-Compulsive Traits in Students

Background: According to the observations, obsessive-compulsive traits are the most important among behavior among the high school male and female students. Individuals with obsessive-compulsive traits have less quality of life. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the relationship between behavioral inhibition, strategies for cognitive regulation of emotions and young adult family of life events and changes with obsessive-compulsive traits in male and female high school students. Methods: The population of the study included all high school students in Shiraz in 2016 academic year. One hundred sixty-seven students (73 males and 94 females) who were selected through random multistage sampling method participated in this study. The instruments were obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised, adults scale of behavioral inhibition, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, and young adult family inventory of life events and changes. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis) statistics via SPSS software. Results: According to the multiple regression analysis, behavioral inhibition, catastrophizing, and rumination were best predictors of obsessive-compulsive traits. Conclusions: Since behavioral inhibition, catastrophizing, and rumination might result in obsessive-compulsive traits, sufficient attention should be paid to these factors.

Family Functioning, Identity Formation, and the Ability of Conflict Resolution Among Adolescents

Family is perhaps the most influential system in individuals’ life in which various behaviors are learnt. Family functioning refers to the ability of family to meet its responsibilities. The present correlation study used a multi-stage cluster sampling method to recruit 686 subjects including 338 males and 348 females from all high school students in Shiraz, Southern Iran. The McMaster family assessment device, identity styles inventory, and the conflict resolution questionnaire were used to collect data on family functioning in relation with subjects’ identity style and conflict resolution capacity. Findings demonstrated a significant negative correlation between family functioning and informative/normative identity styles both in males and females. There was however a significant positive correlation between family functioning and avoidance identity style in both gender groups. With regard to the relation between family functioning and the ability of conflict resolution, our analysis revealed a significant negative correlation both in males and females. The present report corroborated the defining role of family functioning in the development of adolescents’ psychological characters.

The Relationship of Parental Mental Health and Dietary Pattern With Adolescent Mental Health.

BackgroundToday, ensuring people’s health and well-being has become a concern for societies. Health status results from an interaction of an individuals’ various psychological, social, and physical aspects.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the relationship of parental mental health and dietary pattern with adolescent mental health.Patients and MethodsIn this study, 250 high school students in Shiraz were selected using random cluster sampling. The samples were analyzed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).ResultsAccording to the findings, parental mental health explains 22% of the variance in children’s mental health, so that in simultaneous regression, physical dimensions, anxiety, social functioning, and depression predicted 13%, 24%, 11%, and 24% of the variance of criterion variables, respectively. No significant relationship was observed between dietary pattern and adolescent mental health dimensions. There was a significant negative relationship only between depression and vegetable intake. Moreover, fruit (r = 0.15, P < 0.05) and vegetable (r = 0.16, P < 0.05) intake had a significant relationship with parental mental health dimensions.ConclusionsParents’ mental health and their psychological characteristics can be related to children’s mental health and affect their dietary intake patterns.

Prevalence of Tea, Coffee and Nescafe Consumption among High School Students and its Relationship with Depression and Anxiety

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of tea, coffee and Nescafe consumption among high school students in Shiraz, Iran and find out whether there is a relationship between these three beverages with depression and anxiety. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among high school students in Shiraz, Iran in 2014. A total of 1020 students, including 510 female (50%) and 510 male (50%), were interviewed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) criteria. Data were collected using Demographic, anxiety and depression questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. We used descriptive methods, Chi square tests and Pearson correlation. Results: Prevalence of tea, coffee and Nescafe consumption in high school students in Shiraz was 79.5%, 54% and 54% respectively. There was an inverse significant relationship between consumption of these three beverages with depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). Conclusion: We found out that prevalence of tea, coffee and Nescafe consumption among high school students was considerable and that of tea consumption was more than two other beverages. Also our findings support an inverse relationship between tea, coffee and Nescafe consumption with anxiety and depression.

Test anxiety among Ilam UMS’ Students, 2012

AbstractBackground and aim: In today’s era of academic competition test anxiety among students is increasing. Anxiety may result in difficulty in concentration and information processing and hampers students’ performance. The current study aimed to determine test anxiety among Ilam UMS’ students.Method and materials: A descriptive correlational design was used. The sample of the study consisted of one hundred and seventy undergraduate students which were included in the study by stratified random sampling. Data were collected by using Sarason’s Test Anxiety Scale (TAS). Data were collected three weeks prior to examination date and were analyzed using descriptive methods by SPSS software.Findings: Our findings showed that 34.1%, 51.8%, and 14.1% of students experienced mild, moderate, and severe test anxiety levels, respectively. Further, a significant relationship was found between test anxiety score with only residency status at 0.05 level. In other words, nursing, local, and married students showed more test anxiety. However, no relationship was seen between test anxiety with age and gender.Conclusion: since anxiety has negative effects on educational performance, implementing anxiety preventive programs including psychological consulting services, identifying & improving potential causes are suggested. Much more attention should be paid to high risk students, local, and especially married and nursing students.Key words: Test Anxiety Prevalence, Students, Ilam REFERENCES Abulghasemi, A (2008), [Test anxiety, causes, assessment & treatment. Psychological Research],5(3-4),82-97. (Persian) Aghaie, E, Abedi, A & Jamali Paghale, S (2012), [Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior interventions in the reduction of test anxiety in Iran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology] 18(1), 3-12. (Persian) Biabangard, E (2008), Methods of preventing academic failure, Tehran, Parents and Teachers Association . (Persian) Boor, M (1980), Test anxiety and classroom examination performance: a reply to Daniels and Hewitt (1978). Journal of Clinical Psychology , 36(1), 177-9. Cheraghian, B, Fereiduni Moghadam, M, Barazpardanjani, Sh, Bavarsad, N (2008), A review of test anxiety and its relationship with academic performance in nursing students. Knowledge& Health Magazine . 3(3-4), 25-9. (Persian) Clark, JW, Fox, PA & Schneider, HG (1998), Feedback, test anxiety and performance in a college course. Psychological Reports , 82(1),203-8. Eizadifard, R, Sepasi Ashtiani, M (2010), Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with problem solving skills training on reduction of test anxiety symptoms. Journal of Behavioral Sciences ,4(1),23-7. (Persian) Hancock, DR (2001), Effects of test anxiety and evaluative threat on students’ achievement and motivation, Journal of Educational Research , 94(5), 284-90. 1392 زییاپ ،82 هرامش ،23 هرود / 6 ناراکمه و یباراد میرم Hatami, Z & Ardalan, M (2010), Assessment of the level of test anxiety in the students of the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences & its related factors. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences ,14(4),99-105. (Persian) Heravi, M, Jadid Milani, M, Regea, N, Valaie, N(2004), The effect of relaxation training on exam driven anxiety level among nursing students. Journal Mazandaran Univ Med Sci ,14(43),86-92. (Persian) Jomee Pour, A, (2006), Freedom from anxiety, Mashhad, Faragozinesh . (Persian) Khadivzadeh, T, Seif, AA & Valaei, N (2002), Learning and study strategy and success rate in university students, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 1999. Pejouhandeh ,7(1),35-42. (Persian) Khosravi, M & Bigdely, IA, (2008), The relationship between personality factors and test anxiety among university students. Journal of Behavioral Sciences ,2(1),13-24. (Persian) Lashkaripour, K, Bakhshani, NM & Solaimani, MJ, (2006), The relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement in students of guidance schools in Zahedan in 2006. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (Tabib-E-Shargh),8(4),253-9. (Persian) Moaadeli, Z, Ghazanfari Hesamabadi, M, 2004, ‘Evaluation of test anxiety in students of nursing and midwifery school of Hazrat Fatima (SA) Spring 2004’. Strides in development of medical education ,1(2),65-72. (Persian) Mousavi, M, Haghshenas, H, Alishahi, M, Najmi, B,l (2008), Anxiety test and some correlated socio-demographic factors in high school students in Shiraz. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences , 6(1),17-25. (Persian)

The impact of classroom settings on students’ seat-selection and academic performance

Lack of proper architectural factors based on students’ viewpoint has created various unpleasant situations within the academic environment. The purpose of this inquiry is to investigate how classroom physical setting impacts learners’ seat-selection to enhance their performance according to gender; furthermore, path model was generated to verify the influence of achievement motivation and architectural features on learners’ performance. A quantitative method was employed to achieve learners’ requirements from 370 public high school students in Shiraz, Iran. Based on cluster sampling, 165 girls and 205 boys were selected from thirteen high schools. The first questionnaire comprised five-point Likert-type scales evaluating classroom architectural items in traditional row and column seating arrangement. A second student evaluation was carried out through achievement motivation survey. The results indicated that semi-flexible features such as a subscale of Direct-Architectural elements could influence student performance in boys group during their seat-selection. According to Indirect-Architectural elements, visual factor and aural factor were emphasized as effective features on learners’ performance in terms of seating given by boy and girl students, respectively. Consequently, the effect of achievement motivation and Direct-Architectural elements on learner performance was approved by the fitness indices of path model and Indirect-Architectural elements acted as a mediator factor.

A qualitative investigation of the intersection of leisure and identity among high school students: application of grounded theory

The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine leisure as a context for identity formation among the high school students in Shiraz, Iran. Twenty male students (3rd grade of secondary school) from different high schools participated in this study. Data analysis using qualitative grounded theory methodology yielded eight categories and a core category. The categories led to the conclusion that post-traditional context and resource of leisure time culminated in reflexivity in the participants’ identity.

On Attitude towards HIV/AIDS among Iranian Students (Case Study: High School Students in Shiraz City)

Young people are of particular importance in state policies against AIDS. The present study investigated the attitude toward HIV/AIDS and related socio-cultural factors among 600 high school students in Shiraz, Iran. The method of sampling is a stratified one and the instrument for collecting data is a self-administrated questionnaire. In this research, attitude has three dimensions-knowledge, emotion and tendency to action. Descriptive statistics showed that students did not have enough knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The 44.3% of students had low knowledge, 36.9% moderate knowledge and only 18.8% had high knowledge. Also the results indicated that attitude for 69.8% of student has in middle level, 15.4% positive and 14.9% negative. Moreover, results suggested that loyalty to Islamic religious beliefs have an important role on attitude toward this disease. Major of study, sex, mother's occupation and use of some mass media such as books and newspapers were other main influencing factors in the students' attitude. Furthermore, this study showed that parent education, major of study, father's occupation and use of books and the Internet are the most important variables affecting on the participants' knowledge. Age, sex, parents' education, religious beliefs, use of some mass media such as TV, the internet, newspapers, satellite and books affect emotion. Finally, there is a relationship between religious beliefs, sex and major of study, use of satellite, television, radio and books with tendency to action.