High-rise Construction Research Articles

Numerical study of cellular beams under different types of loading

The integration of cellular metal beams in high-rise buildings allows for optimized space utilization for technical equipment, while also reducing floor height and, consequently, the overall weight of the superstructure. However, while these openings provide design flexibility, they can also decrease structural stability by causing deformations in the web posts, especially under concentrated loads. This study focuses on evaluating the strength and stability of open-section beams under various load conditions, using numerical simulations and three-point bending tests. Specific reinforcement solutions were developed to counter instability phenomena and enhance mechanical performance. The results indicate that the finite element model used in simulations provides accurate and consistent predictions with experimental data, validating its utility for in-depth analysis of displacements and failure modes. Notably, the addition of stiffeners proved effective in reducing displacements and enhancing beam stability. This work, still in its exploratory phase, aims to develop a theoretical formula to estimate the contribution of supports to elastic stiffness, paving the way for advances in the use of reinforced metal beams in high-rise construction.

A higher shadow ratio of the living environment on the remote sensing digital image is possibly protective for adolescent myopia

This study aims to assess how the construction patterns within residential communities influence the adolescent myopia using general survey. In a private high school from a megacity in mid-west China, a questionnaire gathered data on the 10th-grade students’ level of myopia, home address, and some potential confounding factors. Additionally, satellite digital images were utilized to calculate the proportion of shadow area (PSA) and the proportion of greenness area (PGA) within a 500 m×500 m area centered on each student’s home address. Correlations between myopia levels and PSA, along with other variables, were analyzed. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and high myopia were 39.2%, 32.5%, and 8.3%, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between myopia levels and PSA, albeit marginally significant (r=-0.189*, P = 0.05). Upon dividing the sample into higher and lower PSA groups using a cut-off point of 20%, a significant difference in myopia levels was evident (χ2 = 8.361, P = 0.038), while other confounding factors remained comparable. In conclusion, high-rise apartment constructions, which often cast more shadows on digital satellite maps, may not exacerbate myopia progression. Instead, they could potentially serve as a protective factor against adolescent myopia in densely populated megacities, as they allow for more ground space allocation.

Optimal Location for Tower Crane and Dynamic Trailer Parking in High-Rise Modular Building Construction Project

Optimization of tower crane positioning is essential in precast building construction to ensure that a crane is in the right position to offer the best value for placing precast elements. The first goal is the optimization of transportation distances made by tower cranes, which will address the issues of efficiency and cost. This is done in a way that provides for minimization of the distances that lie between the trailer parking where elements are parked, the tower crane, and the construction installation point. However, current research fails to address the dynamic movement efficiency of trailers, especially when handling multiple trailers and several models of tower cranes, making this scenario an optimization problem that is classified as NP-hard due to the likelihood of causing a combinatorial explosion. This work endeavors to present a new mathematical model that has been applied to the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The ideal demand-generated model is designed to solve the optimal model and position of tower cranes and the prospective positioning of trailers for parking. The feasibility and applicability of the method exploited in the study are also established through a project case study. When adopting the proposed planning model compared to the earlier planning scale, comparisons highlight a small yet significant saving of 6% in time and cost when lifting elements instead of providing them from the trailers by setting up a new on-site stockyard. In addition, a great deal of enhancement is also observed in the final solution aspects, where the developed GA has even reduced the operational time and cost by half a percent each. The results of this research offer best-practice approaches to the position analysis of tower cranes in precast building construction to bring scalability and cost optimization to bear on the construction business.

PageRank Algorithm-Based Recommendation System for Construction Safety Guidelines

The construction industry faces significant challenges with frequent accidents, largely due to the inefficient use of safety guidelines. These guidelines, which are often text and figure heavy, demand substantial human effort to identify the most relevant items for specific tasks and conditions. Additionally, the guidelines contain both central and peripheral elements, and central items are critical yet difficult to identify without extensive domain knowledge. This study proposes a novel recommendation framework to enhance the usability of these safety guidelines. By leveraging natural language processing (NLP) and knowledge graph (KG) modeling techniques, unstructured safety texts are transformed into a structured, interconnected KG. The PageRank and Louvain Clustering algorithm is then employed to rank guidelines by their relevance and importance. A case study on “High-rise Building Construction (General) Safety and Health Guidelines”, using ‘scaffolding’ as the keyword, demonstrates the framework’s effectiveness in improving retrieval efficiency and practical application. The analysis highlighted key clusters such as ‘fall’, ‘drop’, and ‘scaffolding’, with critical safety measures identified through their interconnections. This research not only overcomes the fragmentation of safety management documents but also contributes to advancing hazard analysis and risk prevention practices in construction management.

ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЫСОТНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КРЫМ

The principles of design and construction of high-rise buildings in seismic areas, the influence of urban planning principles of designing such buildings on architecture and planning solutions of buildings, especially on the example of the Republic of Crimea, are considered. Based on the experience of previous studies, the author has identified the main types of seismic protection, features of their use, advantages and disadvantages that can be used when placing high-rise buildings in the design territories. The objectives of the study are determined by the development of earthquake-prone regions, in particular the Republic of Crimea, and the development of high-rise construction. The research methodology determines the ways to solve problems related to the design and construction of high-rise buildings and structures, taking into account the requirements of urban planning.

To Study the Construction Techniques for Slum Rehabilitation In Metro Cites

With increasing urbanization, the need for adequate affordable shelter also increases. Housing shortage is one of the major challenges faced in developing countries like India. It is imperative to provide housing that caters to all income groups with special focus on the low and middle income groups. In order to provide low cost housing, it is essential to adopt innovative sustainable technologies which are affordable, fast track, cost effective, durable as well as environment friendly. This seminar discusses emerging innovative technologies that can be adopted in the country to lower housing construction cost and help in provision of mass affordable housing. Some of the technologies discussed are Tunnel form, Sismo building technology, Light Gauge Steel Framed Structural technology, Precast Sandwich Panel technology etc. These technologies are reviewed on various parameters like local availability, affordability, energy efficiency, structural stability, quality, speed, cost effectiveness, eco friendliness and suitability for high rise construction. The advantages and limitations of the technologies are also mentioned. The seminar highlights the potential barriers for adoption of these technologies in the Indian urban scenario and methods which can be employed to overcome those barriers in order to provide affordable housing for the low and middle income groups. Fast track construction is very much essential for the mass housing projects like slum rehabilitation . For this rapid wall technique can be best option for construction

PMSM Design for Elevators: Determination of the Basic Topology Affecting Performance

In recent years, with the increase in high-rise building construction, there has been a rise in demand for elevators. This demand has spurred mutual growth between the vertical transportation sector and high-rise building construction. Both sectors are improving technology, security, and comfort standards. Traditional elevator traction machines typically employ asynchronous motors coupled with geared reducers, despite their low energy efficiency and requirement for large machine rooms. However, with the proliferation of rare-earth magnet materials and advancements in driver technologies, the use of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) in elevator traction machines has increased. PMSMs operate with direct drive, eliminating the need for reducers. High efficiency and passenger comfort are crucial parameters for elevator traction machines. This study focuses on identifying the fundamental topology that could influence the performance of PMSMs for gearless elevator machines. Factors such as stator materials, rotor structures, permanent magnets, winding configurations, slot/pole combinations, cogging torque and torque ripple have been examined to select suitable design topologies for elevator motors. Important topics such as the magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheets used in stator construction, B-H curves, lamination forming and stacking factors have been addressed. Two different rotor topologies and magnet arrangements, namely internal and external, have been investigated in PMSM designs. Additionally, the use of four different magnet materials, namely AlNiCo, Ferrite, NdFeB, and SmCo have been compared for PMSM traction motors in elevators. Single-layer and double-layer winding configurations, distributed and concentrated winding configurations have been compared. Fractional slot/pole combinations, which directly affect the performance and comfort of PMSMs, have also been examined based on information obtained from the literature. Particularly, structures with high winding factors, such as 12/10, 12/14, 18/16, 18/20, 24/22, and 24/26 have been identified. Finally, studies on skewing to reduce cogging torque and torque ripple have been addressed.

On the Necessity for Improving Water Efficiency in Commercial Buildings: A Green Design Approach in Hot Humid Climates

Water, a fundamental and indispensable resource necessary for the survival of living beings, has become a pressing issue in numerous regions worldwide due to scarcity. Urban areas, where the majority of the global population resides, witness a substantial consumption of blue water, particularly in commercial buildings. This study investigates the potential for enhancing water efficiency within an ongoing high-rise office building construction situated in a tropical climate. The investigation utilizes the green building guidelines of leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) through a case-study-based research approach. Strategies included using efficient plumbing fixtures (such as high air–water ratio fixtures and dual-flush toilets), the selection of native plants, implementing a suitable irrigation system, introducing a rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) and improving the mechanical ventilation and air conditioning (MVAC) system. The results showed a 55% reduction in water use from efficient fixtures, a 93% reduction in landscaping water needs and a 73% overall water efficiency with a RWHS from the baseline design. Additionally, efficient cooling towers and the redirection of condensed water into the cooling tower make-up water tank improved the overall water efficiency to 38%, accounting for the water requirements of the MVAC system. The findings of this study can contribute to more sustainable and water-efficient urban development, particularly in regions facing water scarcity challenges. The significance of these findings lies in their potential to establish industry standards and inform policymakers in the building sector. They offer valuable insights for implementing effective strategies aimed at reducing blue water consumption across different building types.

POSITIVE INFLUENCE OF TELEVISION CARTOON PROGRAMS AMONG CHILDREN – ESPECIALLY FOCUSING ON BIODIVERSITY

Recently, there has been a change in perspective in how health, environmental, economic, and other social issues are perceived. The way people live, think, eat, and use technology has evolved into something more opulent and sophisticated. Like how high-rise construction and an increase in industry bring about numerous changes in geographical regions and climate-related changes in society. Understanding about these environmental issues is crucial for individuals from all walks of life, but it is especially urgent for kids. Since children are the society's future, it is crucial to raise their understanding of the environment and climate change.

Factors that influence achieving the time performance of high-rise building construction: contribution of the contractor quantity surveyor

Factors that influence achieving the time performance of high-rise building construction: contribution of the contractor quantity surveyor

Impact of effective schedule management on high-rise building projects

Effective schedule management is a critical factor in the successful execution of high-rise building projects. This paper explores the impact of robust schedule management practices on project performance, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and strategies for optimizing timelines. High-rise construction presents unique complexities, including coordination of multiple trades, strict safety regulations, and logistical challenges related to vertical construction. Utilizing advanced scheduling methodologies such as Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) and Building Information Modeling (BIM), combined with traditional techniques like the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), can significantly enhance project efficiency. The integration of these methodologies facilitates better resource allocation, reduces delays, and improves overall project outcomes. The study also addresses the role of technology, including project management software like Primavera P6, in enhancing schedule accuracy and reliability. Additionally, it examines the critical role of project managers in orchestrating these activities and emphasizes the importance of effective communication and risk management. This comprehensive review provides insights into the key factors that contribute to successful schedule management, offering recommendations for future research and practice to further advance the field. Keywords: Building Information Modeling (BIM), Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM), High-Rise Building Projects, Project Performance Optimization, Schedule Management.

Workforce forecasting in the building maintenance and repair work: Evaluating machine learning and LSTM models

Effective workforce forecasting is critical to strategic management in construction projects, particularly ensuring staffing is optimized for efficient and timely project completion. This aspect holds particular importance in densely populated urban environments, where the complexity and scale of high-rise building construction exacerbate the need for proactive maintenance strategies. This research aims to compare the efficacy of various machine learning models, including support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), gradient-boosted decision trees (GBDT), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) models, in predicting the workforce demand for building maintenance and repair work. Accordingly, 128 sets of data composed of seven indicators collected from the Hong Kong building maintenance and repair contractors were curated to serve as input-dependent variables to forecast the demands for different labor categories in addition to the overall workforce demands. The performance metrics for the four machine learning models were evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and determination coefficient (R2), with GridSearch employed to optimize their hyperparameters for enhanced predictive accuracy. The evaluation using MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R2 revealed that the XGBoost model achieved the most favorable results for predicting workforce demand on the testing sets (0.1790, 0.0582, 0.2412, 0.9915). Compared to MLP (0.1828, 0.0775, 0.2783, 0.8821) and GBDT (0.1828, 0.0828, 0.2878, 0.8739), XGBoost demonstrated a stronger performance in this specific task. Furthermore, the study also explored the potential of a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to forecast the gross value of building maintenance and repair work undertaken by main contractors, which strongly correlates with workforce demand. This approach aimed to capture the consistent growth trend observed across various maintenance activities. Consequently, the models developed in this study serve as valuable tools for optimizing workforce allocation and financial planning, particularly in dynamic and ever-changing environments.

Integrating Building Management Systems in High-Rise Structures using Building Information Modeling

Rapid industrialization and population growth in urban areas has resulted in scarce land resources thus changing builtform tremendously. Complex construction such as high-rise structures are becoming an essential requirement in urbanareas. Efficient Building Management System (BMS) such as fire safety, heating ventilation and air-conditioning,security, and surveillance along with the operation and maintenance is crucial for high-rise construction projects. Theconstruction industry is one of the most labor-intensive industries in the world with a human centric managementapproach. With the advent of computer technologies, planning and management of building systems in a constructionproject have become easier. The concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to manage building managementsystems in construction projects is gaining popularity. In this study, an integrated framework is proposed that includesnumerous aspects of building management systems in high-rise structures with a dynamic BIM model. This proposedframework was explored with a case illustration of a multi-story building. Preliminary results of the model arepresented herewith.

Life Cycle Cost Analysis in Flat Buildings (Case Study of Polresta Bukittinggi Flat Construction Project)

The housing crisis in various cities in Indonesia has become an increasingly urgent issue. Rapid population growth and urbanization are major factors contributing to this crisis. One proposed solution is the development of high-rise building projects as a more practical and space-saving housing solution. However, in the context of high-rise construction, economic planning is crucial to ensure project sustainability. This research utilizes a quantitative method with secondary data collection. Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis is employed to control project costs from the initial stage to project completion, including construction, operational, maintenance, and demolition costs. The analysis results indicate that initial construction costs, operational costs, maintenance costs, and demolition costs all need to be considered in project planning. Maintenance and upkeep costs are crucial aspects in ensuring the building's sustainability throughout its economic life. By considering all these factors, the total life cycle cost of the construction of Rusun Polresta Bukittinggi during its operational period of 50 years amounts to Rp 32,064,519,750.22. The Annual Equivalent (AE) analysis shows an average annual cost of is Rp. 6,287,507,789.17.

Numerical Study of Wind Flow Behavior Around High-Rise Buildings Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

The development of civil construction technology in Indonesia is progressing along with the rise in high-rise building construction. The emergence of high-rise buildings has altered wind flow characteristics, leading to phenomena that can directly impact surrounding structures. One of the observable phenomena is the wind speed amplification caused by the narrowing of the wind flow section, known as the Venturi effect. This study aims to compare the outcomes of two Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods—Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES)—against experimental results. The study employs a model of four buildings of similar height and symmetrical positioning, with a 72 mm passage width, to verify numerical simulations against experimental data. The RANS method yields a maximum wind speed amplification of 14.9% along the passage's centerline, which remains below the experimental prediction of 25.5% in Zone A. Conversely, the LES results show a higher wind speed amplification, reaching 40.2%, surpassing the experimental findings. Nevertheless, LES identifies a similar location for wind speed amplification observed in Zone A. Additionally, CFD simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of passage width, revealing that a passage width of 54 mm produces the highest wind speed amplification, with a ratio value of passage width to building influence scale (L/S) of 0.481. Further research on building model scale may be necessary to verify CFD accuracy compared to the actual scale. However, such simulations demand exceedingly high computational resources with current technology.

Analysis of structures and movement parametres of self-climbing platforms and development prospects

Introduction. For high-rise building construction self-climbing platforms based on hydraulic drive are used, lifting the formwork for monolithic structures. These lifting mechanisms differ in structures, characteristics and parameters. There is a need to introduce high-tech equipment in the industry. To create self-climbing platforms for high-rise construction, it is necessary to conduct research in the field of operation of lifting vehicles.Materials and methods. Platforms based on climbing profile for the analysis were used. The design features of the specified type of platforms were considered. The main parameters were speed of lifting, maximum lifting height and load capacity.Results. Graphical data on the main structural elements and the lifting process were obtained the specified type of platforms. Graphical data on hydraulic system is provided and the mechanism of movement is considered in detail. The basic formulas for determining the platform lifting speed and maximum load capacity required for the choosing of specified lifting vehicles.Discussion and conclusion. Existence of factors affecting the lifting speed of platforms and their maximum load capacity provides grounds for the development of a method for calculating and designing the considered transport and technological equipment in Russian Federation. One of the ways to develop this lifting equipment is integration of accessory mechanisms into their structure for fulfilling additional works during the construction of high-rise buildings, in this way forming a single transport and technological complex.

Application of multi-criteria analysis in the selection of formwork material for high-rise building construction projects

Application of multi-criteria analysis in the selection of formwork material for high-rise building construction projects

Analysis and Real-Time Monitoring of the Influence of Wind Load on a High-Altitude Steel Connecting Bridge with Small Spacing

With the development of steel-structure construction technology in high-rise buildings, the design and construction of high-rise steel structures tend to be complicated. Based on the Zhuhai Tiejian Square project, the fluid-structure coupling calculation analysis and on-site monitoring are carried out in view of the wind load of the high-altitude steel-structure connecting bridge in the hoisting stage of the Zhuhai Tiejian Square project. The main structure of the project is four towers and five high-altitude, small-spacing steel structures connecting the four towers. The lifting process of the third zone is taken as the analysis object, and the hoisting idea of “low-altitude hoisting, overall lifting” is adopted. Because the span of the high-altitude steel-structure connecting bridge is small and the installation height is high, the influence of wind load on the hoisting process cannot be ignored. Therefore, the unidirectional fluid-structure coupling model of the high-altitude small-space steel-structure connecting bridge in the third zone was established by using CFD calculation software ANSYS Fluent 2022 R1, and the corresponding flow field and solid calculation results were obtained and analyzed. The analysis results show that the lifting structure still produces a certain deformation when the wind speed is 5 m/s or 10 m/s, and the calculation results show that the stress calculation results are still within the safe range of steel strength for the sensitivity of the lifting structure under wind load. With the increase of wind speed, the local maximum stress of the structure increases greatly, but the overall deformation remains stable, which indicates that the greatest challenge of hoisting steel structures under wind load may be the stability direction rather than the strength, so it is necessary to strictly monitor the displacement deformation of the structure during construction. Then, through the monitoring of the overall lifting process of the high-altitude, large-span, steel-connected structure of Zhuhai Tiejian Square from pre-lifting to formal lifting, real-time monitoring and data analysis show that the lifting process of the high-altitude steel bridge of Zhuhai Tiejian Square is safe and reliable, the force transformation of each component is reasonable, the lifting process is relatively stable, the external environment has little impact, and the expected monitoring effect has been achieved. The calculation simulation and on-site monitoring in this paper can provide theoretical and practical guidance for the construction safety under the influence of wind load in the construction process of high-altitude steel-structure hoisting, and provide an important reference value for similar projects.

Plumbing waste reduction through lean tools: A case for high-rise building construction

Plumbing waste reduction through lean tools: A case for high-rise building construction

An analysis of high-rise construction in : consequences, disadvantages and strategies (Criticizing the approval of the supreme council of urbanism and architecture of regarding the location and criterias and regulations for the construction of high-rise buildings in the city of Tehran).

An analysis of high-rise construction in : consequences, disadvantages and strategies (Criticizing the approval of the supreme council of urbanism and architecture of regarding the location and criterias and regulations for the construction of high-rise buildings in the city of Tehran).