High Resolution Picture Transmission Data Research Articles

Retrieval of Sea Surface Skin Temperature from the High Resolution Picture Transmission Data of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Series Satellites

The High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) data of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series meteorological satellites had been received by the SeaSpace ground station located at the Ocean University of China (OUC). Based on the atmospheric radiative transfer model, we obtained the NOAA-15/16/17/18/19 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sea surface skin temperature (SSTskin) data using the Bayesian cloud detection method and the optimal estimation (OE) sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval algorithm. Compared with the NOAA/AVHRR multi-channel SST data, the AVHRR SSTskin data have higher data accuracy. We also compared the AVHRR SSTskin with the buoy SST with spatial and temporal windows of 0.01° and 30 min. The daytime biases ranged from −0.32 °C (NOAA-16) to 0.08 °C (NOAA-17) with standard deviations (SDs) ranging from 0.36 °C (NOAA-18/ NOAA-19) to 0.60 °C (NOAA-16), and the nighttime biases ranged from −0.26 °C (NOAA-16) to −0.02 °C (NOAA-17) with SDs ranging from 0.33 °C (NOAA-19) to 0.60 °C (NOAA-16). The accuracy of all five satellite data during daytime and nighttime was significantly improved. These results show that the AVHRR SSTskin of NOAA series satellites is good and consistent in different periods, and the SSTskin data products with high spatial resolution and accuracy can be used for mesoscale and submesoscale marine applications.

Retrieval of atmospheric parameters from NOAA-16 AMSU data over Indian region - Preliminary results

With the establishment of a new High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) reception system at IMD, New Delhi, the real time data from microwave sounding instruments onboard the NOAA-K, L, M and N series of satellites has also become available. The raw HRPT data is being interfaced with the recently acquired new ‘ATOVS and AVHRR Preprocessing Package (AAPP)’ to perform temperature and moisture retrievals from AMSU data of NOAA-16 satellite using two separate schemes: Inversion Coupled Imager (ICI) and Neural Network (NN) approach. In this study, NOAA-16 satellite data over Indian region were used for retrieving temperature and moisture profiles for the month of January, 2002. The temperature and moisture retrieval results are evaluated by computing the bias and root mean square (RMS) difference using collocated ECMWF analysis. The results based on the analysis of data set for the month of January, 2002 shows that ICI approach yields better results for all atmospheric levels. The RMS errors in temperature profiles are found to be less than 4oC at all pressure levels. The RMS errors in relative humidity are found to be less than 20% at all pressure levels. C Intercomparison of the results revealed that bias and RMS error are less for ICI scheme using forecast field compared to ICI without using forecast field and Neural Network approach.

Science and Technology for Individuals, Societies, and the Environment and Satellite Technologies: Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmission Applications for the Science Classrooms

This article introduces a satellite technology, High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT), for a science activity. HRPT is a digital data stream transmitted from environmental satellites. The HRPT imagery is capable of providing real-time studies of regional geology, glacial processes, atmospheric processes, ocean circulation, coastal processes, hydrology, and so on. Obtaining and manipulating HRPT data creates a variety of exciting experiences in science classrooms. A Science and Technology for Individuals, Societies, and the Environment (STISE) teaching model was developed to use satellite technologies for science activities. STISE is a conceptual model for addressing key cognitive and affective parameters when designing science lessons. STISE is designed to encourage students to understand science and technology from their levels of cognition, then relate their understanding to the environment, levels of societies, and their lives. Relationships among science, technology, and society become both obvious and interesting to students as they process and interpret the HRPT imagery.

A method for accurate geometric correction of NOAA AVHRR HRPT data

A method for the geometric correction of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) high-resolution picture transmission (HRPT) data is presented. After precise determination of nominal attitude angles for each time instant, geometric correction is done for ground control points (GCPs), and residual errors are interpreted as attitude angle variation effects and in this way corrected. All attitude angle deviations (in pitch, roll, and yaw) are simultaneously corrected by applying to two reference vectors (the vector normal to the scanning plane and the vector that defines the instantaneous viewing direction of the first pixel of each line) a three-axis rotation. A separate program performs the geometric correction, applying the orbital model to each point of the desired output geographical area. An application of this method is presented, in which AVHRR data are registered over a 1:25000 topographic map with subpixel accuracy, allowing the use of AVHRR data in a nearly local scale in combination with other high-resolution data, such as Landsat TM or SPOT.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Spatial attributes of AVHRR imagery for environmental monitoring

Abstract Spatial analysis of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data at Global Area Coverage (GAC) and High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) resolution shows that structural information is detectable across a range of scales and that different biomes exhibit different detectable spatial characteristics. The spatial patterns observed in GAC and HRPT data are similar at coarse resolutions. Differences between the two are observed where point phenomena occur, and where scene objects are generally linear. The undersampling in GAC data generation can cause artificial contiguity and artificial disunity to appear in the image of any scene. The spatial structure observed in GAC image data must therefore be considered unreliable, at least at the scale of the GAC AVHRR resolution-cell size. However, the use of the spatial domain in studies of surface phenomena operating at scales greater than that of the resolution-cell size are unlikely to be limited by the undersampling effects. Indeed, the sp...

The FRS-68010-a new ground station concept for the acquisition and analysis of NOAA HRPT data from a spatially limited area of interest

A concepts for NOAA (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) ground station using a pointing array of Yagi-type antenna instead of a tracking disk is presented. The antenna configuration provides a sufficient signal level for the reliable acquisition of high resolution picture transmission (HRPT) data of spatially limited area of interest. A 68010-based microcomputer system is used to store, retrieve, and display the data. The author's original intent was to process the data on the FRS-68010 system, but in light of the recently greatly increased availability, in Australia, of PC-type microcomputer hardware and software it was decided to transfer the data to one of these machines and utilize commercially available software for data processing. >