High-quality Lines Research Articles

Combining Ability Analysis for Quality Traits in Selected Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.)

Fifteen hybrid combinations developed by crossing five lines and three testers were assessed for milling and physio-chemical qualities to evaluate the combining ability of the parents using a line x tester design. This investigation provided information about the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and the specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses from eight popular inbred varieties. C70 was considered the best general combiner for the head rice recovery trait, while the crosses involving C70 with DH18 and CR203, 13/2 with TBR225 and Xi23, and OM6976 with TBR45 showed significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Xi23 and OM6976 among the lines showed significant general combining ability (GCA) effects indicating them to be good general combiners for obtaining hybrids with desirable (low or intermediate) properties of amylose content. The variances due to SCA were of greater magnitude than GCA for all the traits, revealing the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the studied attributes. In all the studied quality traits, the narrow sense heritabilities were ordered as follows: head rice recovery > amylose content > gel consistency > alkali digestion > hulling percentage > milling percentage. The narrow sense heritabilities in these traits were quite low, ranging from 8.11% to 14.4%. Among the eight parents, C70, Xi23, and TBR225 were the most ideal for high-quality line breeding.

UMPL- VINS: Generalized SLAM for multi-scene metaverse applications

The use of line features to improve the localization accuracy of point-based visual inertial SLAM (VINS) is of increasing interest because of the additional constraints they can provide on the scene structure. It is found that although the introduction of line features improves the accuracy of relative position estimation in some scenes due to the additional constraints, the two constraints only achieve an equalization for the estimated relative position. Therefore, in some environments two constraints can reduce the accuracy of the single-feature constraint algorithm and also make the real-time performance of the system more challenging. To address such issues, in this paper, we design a generalized SLAM system with point-line features that can be applied to multiple metaverse scenarios. We first enhance the image frames used for feature extraction by eliminating motion blur frames through the fuzzy metric method and mutation modeling of velocity and rotation. Then we improve the traditional line detection model by short line fusion, uniform distribution of line features, and refinement of edge features to obtain high-quality line features for building SLAM. Finally, based on the application of point features and line features for different scenes, a point and line feature separation-union model is proposed. In addition, we design a transformation model for line-point features to enhance the processing of point-line features. Experimental results on EuRoc, TUM_VI, KITTI, PennCOSYVIO and our own recorded dataset prove that the method proposed in this paper realizes a generalized SLAM with point and line features applied to multi-scenes with good advantages.

Morphological study of depth-controlled high quality holes and lines fabricated on a metal substrate with a thin metal film by picosecond laser pulses

Laser micromachining is a convenient technique to structure and/or functionalize the surfaces of various materials. The use of ultrashort laser pulses has an obvious advantage to minimize the heat effect, which results in the formation of a hole without rims. Nevertheless, it is still difficult to fabricate a line without rims even with ultrashort laser pulses, because multiple irradiation of ultrashort laser pulses with a sufficient spatial overlap promotes the formation of rims and undesired structures. In this work we employ a metal substrate with a thin metal film, and demonstrate the fabrication of depth-controlled high quality lines, not to mention holes, through the selective removal of the film by picosecond laser pulses without forming rims and undesired structures. Morphological study of the target surface reveals that the fabricated structures have unprecedentedly flat bottoms with nearly vertical sidewalls to the surface.

MPG-LSD: A high-quality line segment detector based on multi-scale perceptual grouping

Existing methods that rely on a single Gaussian scale to detect line segments could yield poor line continuity and inferior orientation and position accuracy due to insufficient suppression of quantization noise inherent in digital images. To address this fundamental issue, a novel multi-scale perceptual grouping-based line segment detector (MPG-LSD) is proposed in this paper. Our multi-scale perceptual grouping is developed to identify and aggregate collinear pixels that have similar gradient orientations for producing line segment candidates, not only over the input image but also across a set of Gaussian scales. Multi-scale line segment refinement and validation are then further developed and implemented to produce the final detection result, which delivers high quality in terms of line continuity, orientation and position accuracy. To enrich the evaluation of line segment detection performance, a new dataset consisting of high-resolution and natural noise-corrupted images with line segment annotations is constructed. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed MPG-LSD can outperform the current state-of-the-arts by a large margin.

Optimization of process parameters in micro-scale pneumatic aerosol jet printing for high-yield precise electrodes

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is a new non-contact direct writing technique designed to achieve precise and intricate patterns on various substrates. Specifically, the pneumatic AJP process breaks down the ink into fine particles, significantly reducing the risk of nozzle clogging and rendering it highly advantageous for industrial applications. This paper focuses on the optimization of the line electrode formation process using soluble silver clusters as the conductive ink, along with the aerosol formation procedure. The main parameters of the AJP process, namely sheath flow rate, atomizer flow rate, and dispensing speed, were identified and examined for their influence on line width and resistivity. Through this analysis, an operability window, including optimized conditions for printing high-quality lines using the AJP process, was established, along with a regression equation enabling the statistical estimation of line width. In summary, the outcomes of this investigation underscore the feasibility of an integrated printing system capable of precision control over line width, achieved through the optimization of AJP process parameters. Furthermore, it was established that pneumatic AJP offers robust process stability. The practical applicability of the proposed optimization techniques was assessed, highlighting their potential utilization in electrode formation processes within the electronic and display industry.

Gamma rays induced enhancement in the phytonutrient capacities of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

One of the most important problems for the field-grown Ayaş tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Ayas population), which is preferred for consumption in Central Anatolia because of its aromatic taste, is that the shelf life is short because of insufficient fruit firmness. Therefore, a study was initiated to develop high-quality lines and variety candidates through mutation breeding in the current Ayaş population. In this study, the effective mutation dose (EMD50) was found to be 150 Gy for seeds using a Cobalt-60 gamma ray source. The main mutant population was generated by applying EMD50. During the study, mutant lines selected by following the classical mutation breeding stages were evaluated in terms of yield and quality traits (antioxidant content, total soluble solid amount, fruit firmness, Brix, etc.) starting from the M4 stage. One of our aims was to determine and improve the phytonutrient content of field-grown tomatoes. The fruits of selected lines at the M4 stage were extracted by liquid-liquid partition and accelerated solvent extraction techniques and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in this study. It was found that 28 of the 29 mutant lines were significantly different from the control and mutant lines. Mutant lines 9-22, 8-90, 8-135, and 8-127 were determined to be the most promising for commercialization.

Lint percentage and boll weight QTLs in three excellent upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum): ZR014121, CCRI60, and EZ60

BackgroundUpland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most economically important species in the cotton genus (Gossypium spp.). Enhancing the cotton yield is a major goal in cotton breeding programs. Lint percentage (LP) and boll weight (BW) are the two most important components of cotton lint yield. The identification of stable and effective quantitative trait loci (QTLs) will aid the molecular breeding of cotton cultivars with high yield.ResultsGenotyping by target sequencing (GBTS) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 3VmrMLM were used to identify LP and BW related QTLs from two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from high lint yield and fiber quality lines (ZR014121, CCRI60 and EZ60). The average call rate of a single locus was 94.35%, and the average call rate of an individual was 92.10% in GBTS. A total of 100 QTLs were identified; 22 of them were overlapping with the reported QTLs, and 78 were novel QTLs. Of the 100 QTLs, 51 QTLs were for LP, and they explained 0.29–9.96% of the phenotypic variation; 49 QTLs were for BW, and they explained 0.41–6.31% of the phenotypic variation. One QTL (qBW-E-A10-1, qBW-C-A10-1) was identified in both populations. Six key QTLs were identified in multiple-environments; three were for LP, and three were for BW. A total of 108 candidate genes were identified in the regions of the six key QTLs. Several candidate genes were positively related to the developments of LP and BW, such as genes involved in gene transcription, protein synthesis, calcium signaling, carbon metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Seven major candidate genes were predicted to form a co-expression network. Six significantly highly expressed candidate genes of the six QTLs after anthesis were the key genes regulating LP and BW and affecting cotton yield formation.ConclusionsA total of 100 stable QTLs for LP and BW in upland cotton were identified in this study; these QTLs could be used in cotton molecular breeding programs. Putative candidate genes of the six key QTLs were identified; this result provided clues for future studies on the mechanisms of LP and BW developments.

EPLF-VINS: Real-Time Monocular Visual-Inertial SLAM With Efficient Point-Line Flow Features

This letter introduces an efficient visual-inertial simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method using point and line features. Currently, point-based SLAM methods do not perform well in scenarios such as weak textures and motion blur. Many researchers have noticed the excellent properties of line features in space and have attempted to develop line-based SLAM systems. However, the vast computational effort of the line extraction and description matching process makes it challenging to guarantee the real-time performance of the whole SLAM system, and the incorrect line detection and matching limit the performance improvement of the SLAM system. In this letter, we improve the traditional line detection model by means of short-line fusion, line feature uniform distribution, and adaptive threshold extraction to obtain high-quality line features for constructing SLAM constraints. Based on the gray level invariance assumption and colinear constraint, we propose a line optical flow tracking method, which significantly improves the speed of line feature matching. In addition, a measurement model that is independent of line endpoints is presented for estimating line residuals. The experimental results show that our algorithm improves the efficiency of line feature detection and matching and localization accuracy.

Carrier Transition Techniques for Parallel Connected VSCs Using Cross-Coupled Inductors

Parallel inverters can be connected using cross-coupled inductors (CIs) to produce high-quality line voltages in three-phase ac systems. Since no fundamental flux is present in the inductor cores, their size can be made considerably smaller than alternative inductor configurations. Interleaved switching and phase-shifted carriers (PS-PWM) can be used to produce multilevel three-phase line voltages. A modified approach (MPS-PWM) improves the quality of the line voltages by changing the phase of the carriers, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">carrier swapping</i> , based upon the magnitude of the modulating signals. Since carrier swapping in MPS-PWM can cause the inductor circulating currents and flux patterns to jump and have dc offsets, two carrier transition techniques are presented to eliminate these jumps: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">carrier manipulation</i> and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pulse injection</i> . These techniques represent open-loop PWM control, dependent only on the carrier phase change being used, and can easily be applied to an arbitrary number of parallel-connected inverters. The circulating currents and inductor flux patterns follow predictable patterns, allowing the CIs to be designed more precisely. The relative merits of using MPS-PWM over PS-PWM are assessed using measurements of the load current total harmonic distortion and the line voltage harmonic volt–seconds. The feasibility of the parallel inverter system described is verified using simulations and results from an experimental laboratory prototype.

A novel relationship-oriented clustering approach for extracting relational patterns from the traffic tangled data

ABSTRACT Many models have been proposed in the literature of traffic engineering to investigate the relations between the prominent traffic variables such as velocity, density, and flow. However, in a specific period and environment, the traffic variables do not follow the same pattern discovered by a model and the observations might have various behavioral patterns. This means that a wide range of tangled data must be investigated and the aforementioned diverse patterns should be extracted so that the future values of the traffic variables can be predicted. This paper proposes a new approach based on which the relations between the traffic variables in the tangled data are detected. To show the practical value of this study, different procedures of the proposed approach are carried out for the traffic data of a highway in Iran. To detect the existing patterns of the collected data, an optimization regression-based model is developed based on which the traffic observations are segregated. The objective of this model is minimization of the Mean Squared Error () metric. The proposed approach fits multiple lines to the tangled data instead of a single one; therefore, the observations are segregated and diverse relations between the traffic variables will be revealed. The developed model is a mixed-integer non-linear mathematical formulation belonging to the class of NP-hard problems. Thus, two powerful meta-heuristics including the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are used to solve the model and find the coefficients of the fitting lines. For a small number of observations, the outputs of the GA and PSO have been tested in terms of validity by comparing them to the optimal values provided by the LINGO software. The GA and PSO could reach the optimal values in 77% and 64% of their runs, respectively. The validity of the results have also been confirmed by conducting one sample t-tests. The coefficient of determination has been utilized to evaluate the goodness of the fitting lines acquired by the GA and PSO. The outputs show that the values of all fitting lines are above 0.80; therefore, it can be concluded that the GA and PSO have been successful in delivering high-quality fitting lines. Having acquired high-quality fitting lines, it was proven that the proposed approach has been sufficiently efficient and effective in detecting various behavioral patterns existing in the traffic tangled data.

KUZGI QUMSHOK BUGDOINING MAHALLIY FIYYUK, UNDORLIK VA KO'RSATMACHILARNING SIFATI.

The climate change, rising temperatures and drought taking place globally nowadays, are affecting the quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains grown in the southern regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In order to address this problem, researchers have compared grain quality indicators of 23 local lines of common wheat, bred by hybridization method, with standard varieties of ‘Grom’ and ‘Gozgon’. The main goal of the research into the wheat lines in the test nursery was to select high-crop, high-quality lines adapted to irrigated areas, as part of breeding new varieties of wheat and transfer to agro-ecological competitive variety. The selected standard varieties were planted in the largest area in the southern regions this year. In the experiment, the varieties and lines were placed in 3 replicates, and the data obtained were statistically analyzed. Important indicators of the quality of grain varieties and lines, such as content of protein, gluten, Gluten Deformation Meter (IDK) index and grain vitreousness have been subject to evaluation. The lines of genetically high quality grain after being selected were transferred to the next stage

Optimal design of photon-sieve holograms for fine-line image generation

A photon-sieve hologram (PSH) is a computer-generated hologram that can generate fine-line images. As a high-resolution image can be projected directly without using a reducing optical system, it can also be used for short-wavelength radiation, such as x-rays. We propose an optimum design method for the PSH so that a high-quality line image can be projected. We optimised straight-line and L-shaped bent-line images using numerical simulation based on vector diffraction theory and conjugate-gradient methods. This optimisation helped homogenise the intensity of the image and remove unwanted side lobes and spots around the image. We also experimentally examined the bent-line image before and after the optimisation to confirm its effect.

Visual-Inertial Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: Dynamically Fused Point-Line Feature Extraction and Engineered Robotic Applications

For robots in unknown environments, the visual-inertial simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) incorporates the multisensor data and enables a globally consistent trajectory tracking and mapping. Given the scene structures in the SLAM problem, the high-quality lines can serve as primitives and provide additional constraints for camera pose estimation. This study is devoted to a pipeline design of dynamically fused point-line visual-inertial navigation system (VINS). The design builds on the heritage of VINS-Mono but employs an ensemble pose estimation strategy to integrate point and line features. As far as we know, it is the first optimization-based monocular VINS method that gives an insight into the quantitative relationship between point and line feature numbers. Additionally, the measured pixels for line feature-length determination and two hidden parameters in line segment detector (LSD) extractor are investigated, guaranteeing the line feature extraction optimization in both quality and efficiency. The benchmark dataset and real-world tests are conducted. In terms of challenging scene tests in the EuRoc dataset, results are compared against ROVIO, VINS-Mono, and PL-VINS frameworks, revealing our design is substantially more accurate and robust than others with both locally and globally consistent pose estimates. The engineered algorithm in the camera “Mynteye” further enables the Bulldog-CX Robot platform verification. The results concerning the drifts, time taken for line feature extraction, and real-world trajectory consistency show our design outperforms the point-based VINS. The strong adaptability of our dynamically fused point-line VINS to the broad range of indoor and outdoor scenes is simultaneously verified.

Taxonomy of the Cryptocephalus heraldicus Group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) from China

This is a study on the leaf beetle subgenus Cryptocephalus Geoffroy, 1762 from China, with the particular emphasis upon the species-group classification of the subgenus and the taxonomy of the Cryptocephalus heraldicus species group. A new key is compiled to all the species groups found in China. Four new species are described from China: Cryptocephalus (Cryptocephalus) biordopunctatus sp. nov. from Yunnan, C. hani sp. nov. from Shanxi, Hubei, Shaanxi and Gansu, C. incisodentatus sp. nov. from Sichuan and Yunnan, and C. nigroflavusiventerus sp. nov. from Yunnan. Three species are found for the first time in China: C. lacosus Pic, 1922, C. nigriceps Allard, 1891 and C. rajah Jacoby, 1908. The species C. nigrolimbatus Jacoby, 1890 is transferred from the subgenus Burlinius Lopatin to this subgenus and assigned to the Cryptocephalus heraldicus group. The species number of this group is now 30 in total according to our result of taxonomic review. A key to all the mainland China species of this species group is provided as well as high quality color images and line drawings of adult habitus, aedeagus, and other important structures. All the types of the new species are deposited in the collection of Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS).

Two new species of the genus Melixanthus Suffrian (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) from China.

Two new species of the genus Melixanthus Suffrian, 1854 are described from China: M.menglaensis Duan, Wang & Zhou, sp. nov. from Yunnan (also in Vietnam, Tonkin) and M.similibimaculicollis Duan, Wang & Zhou, sp. nov. from Yunnan. Another species, M.rufiventris Pic, 1926, is reported for the first time in China. High-quality color images and line drawings of adult habitus, aedeagus, and other important structures are provided for all three species. The types of the new species are deposited in the collection of Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS).

Strategies for Local Brands in the Fashion Industry to Keep Growing during the COVID Pandemic 19

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of human life, including in the fashion sector. The negative impact of the pandemic disrupted the business operations of MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises), including exports that could not be carried out so that production did not run as it should. This greatly disturbed the sustainability of business, especially in the fashion industry.Even though fashion products are currently very developed and have many varieties and many people who love fashion. The products on the market are so varied following the ongoing trend. Not only women who love fashion, but not a few men who really pay attention to this. Especially nowadays there are many people who love fashion products more for adventures such as hiking, or traveling far. With such an opportunity, not a few fashion brands take advantage of it.The Erigo clothing line brand is a young fashion brand that is growing, has high quality and designs that support daily needs as well as traveling. In Indonesia, Erigo has become one of the best, high quality and reliable clothing lines on the market. "The Erigo brand was founded in 2011 and is an online clothing line store that sells a variety of products. Erigo's local brand continues to innovate to adapt to changing trends, in the midst of this pandemic situation, his party is indeed quite aggressive in implementing various strategies so that the business continues to grow. Apart from presenting quality products, Erigo also adapts to the marketing system.The results of this study Erigo local brand implemented a strategy to adapt to changing trends in the midst of this pandemic situation by evaluating existing business models and business processes as well as maximizing online sales platforms and making up-to-date and stylist designs following the changing trends that are very fast.

Generation mechanism and suppression method of landing error of two successively deposited metal droplets caused by coalescence and solidification

Accurate deposition of metal droplets is crucial to limit geometrical defects in metal droplet-based 3D printing. However, unpredictable movements of the droplets displaced from the original landing location due to surface tension-driven flow before it is hindered by solidification, named landing error, lead to broken traces, irregular waved surfaces, or collapsed structures. In the present work, the effect of solidification at the early-time coalescence of two deposited metal droplets on the landing error was revealed. High-speed images were presented to observe coalescence dynamics. A volume of fluid (VOF) based numerical model was developed to analyze the generation mechanism of the landing error. An interesting phenomenon is observed that the second droplet absorbs more mass from the first droplet to form a bigger spherical crown with the increase of substrate temperature, resulting in the distinct final shapes. Inspired by this, a mass conservation model was proposed to predict the dependence of the landing error on substrate temperature. Metal droplets overlapping experiments were further conducted to verify the model and establish the relationship between the landing error and the substrate temperature. Predictions agreed well with experimental results. Finally, a strategy of increasing the thermal conductivity of the substrate to suppress the landing error at high substrate temperatures was proposed, which significantly expanded the processing window of the accurate deposition. This work can provide useful theoretical and experimental guidance for accurate printing of high-quality lines or patterns by utilizing metal droplets.

First description of the male Quelaestrygon puetzi Smetana, 1999 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) from China.

A male of the very rare and phylogenetically puzzling species, Quelaestrygon puetzi Smetana, 1999, is described for the first time based on a single specimen from Sichuan Province, China. High quality color images and line drawings of the male external and genitalic traits are provided.

Administrative permitting activities in town planning

The article is focused on current issues concerning administrative permitting activities, which are the part of administrative activity as a whole. The field of town planning involves the interests of both business entities and people living in a particular territory. Economic development demands the effective regulation in order to attract investment in the construction sector, while people’s interest calls for fulfilling the principle of sustainable development of a territory. Thus, the administrative statutory regulation must on the one hand imply diminishing administrative burdens in order to provide the transparency and promptness of passing regulative procedures, and on the other hand be sufficient for ensuring the safety and appropriateness of development of a territory. Construction is one of vital and the most complicated sectors of the economy that is primarily aimed at providing people with residential property. To erect a residential building one needs high-quality communication lines, transport and social infrastructure. Construction of industrial parks, maintenance of existing industrial areas and transport infrastructure facilities and creation of new ones, providing people living in dilapidated dwellings with new residential space, housing resource renewal – these are the first key tasks for the authorities today. The circumstances mentioned above entail the demand for efficient administrative control over town planning sector. In this regard, the scientific comprehension of the term “administrative permitting activities” can raise the level of understanding all management processes running on the economy system, as well as the issues of exercising the powers conferred to executive public bodies acting in the related field.

PLSD: A Perceptually Accurate Line Segment Detection Approach

Most existing line segment detection methods suffer from the over-segmentation phenomenon. An improved line segment detection method is presented in this work, which can generate more and longer line segments, yet still accurately reflect the structural details of the image. Line segment grouping, line segment validation and a multiscale framework are adopted to reach this end. Specifically, smart grouping rules are introduced to locate potential homologous line segments (derived from the same boundaries). Novel merging criteria based on Helmholtz principle is then used to evaluate the meaningfulness between separate line segments and their merged ones. The improved multiscale framework facilitates line segments merging in detection and post-detection processes, yielding more high-quality line segments. Finally, the proposed method is compared with four leading methods on the famous public dataset, YorkUrban-LineSegment. Experimental results demonstrate that the method has good continuity and outperforms the leading methods in F-measure.