High-protein Nutritional Supplements Research Articles

High-Protein Nutritional Supplements Improve Nutritional Status in Malnourished Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

(1) Background: Impaired nutritional status in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is prevalent. (2) Objective: This study aimed to identify pre-cachexia and malnutrition in SSc patients and to estimate the effectiveness of a high-protein oral nutritional supplement (ONS) in improving their nutritional status. (3) Materials and methods: The SSc population comprised 56 patients and a control group of 49 healthy persons. After a baseline clinical evaluation, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and laboratory tests, SSc patients were divided into well-nourished, pre-cachectic, and malnourished categories. SSc patients with a nutritional disbalance received a high-protein ONS once daily for 3 months. Patients were reassessed at 3 and 12 months after inclusion in the study. (4) Results: SSc patients, in comparison to the control group, had a significantly lower seven-point SGA value [6(0) vs. 7(1), p < 0.001)], lean tissue mass [LTM, 35.1 (10.5) vs. 40.1 (10.10), p = 0.008], and lean tissue index [LTI, 13.5 (3) vs. 14.9 (4), p = 0.009]. Of the 56 SSc patients, 40 (71.4%) were well nourished, 5 (8.9%) had pre-cachexia, and 11 (19.7%) were malnourished. A high-protein ONS in the pre-cachexia group stabilized the SGA value, anthropometric measurements, and BIA after 3 and 12 months. In malnourished patients, it significantly improved the SGA value [5(0) vs. 6(0), p = 0.002], LTI [12.1 (2.1) vs. 12.7 (3.2), p = 0.021] and LTM [31.1 (7.7) vs. 35.1 (9.1), p = 0.021], and that effect remained stable at 12 months. (5) Conclusion: Malnutrition is a common complication of SSc that can be improved with nutritional intervention.

Optimization of Egg Yolk Protein Hydrolysis by RSM and Properties of Hydrolysates

The effect of temperature, pH, and the enzyme-to-substrate ratio (E/S) on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of lecithin-free egg yolk (LFEY) protein was optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM). A factorial design was applied to maximize DH and the initial reaction rate (V0). The DH values varied from 16 to 36 % and V0 from 69 to 287 g/L h in the range of tested conditions. The pH was the variable with a major influence on DH and V0. Under the optimized conditions (60°C, pH 9, and E/S=0.35 AU/g) most of the peptides in the hydrolysates had a molecular weight (MW) lower than 12 kDa since the first 10 min of the reaction. Hydrolysates collected after 60 min of the reaction contained mostly oligopeptides (MW&lt;3.5 kDa) with potential antioxidant activity. These hydrolysates might be used as ingredients in high-protein nutritional supplements or the formulation of clinical nutritional products.

Impact of Cultivation Condition and Media Content onChlorella vulgaris Composition.

Microalgae are a source material in food, pharmacy, and cosmetics industries for producing various products including high-protein nutritional supplements, synthetic pharmaceuticals, and natural colors. A promising algal source for such productions is Chlorella vulgaris which contains a considerable protein content. Similar to other microalgae, its desirability is minimal nutrient requirements since they are unicellular, photosynthetic, and fast-growing microorganisms. Another propitious option to be produced by C. vulgaris is biodiesel, since it is rich in oil too. Besides, algal well thriving in presence of increased amount of carbon dioxide makes them a practicable alternative biofuel resource without some problems of the traditional ones. At the same time, C. vulgaris is also a promising source for nutraceuticals such as amino acids, vitamins, and antioxidants. This review aims to discuss the conditions need to be observed for achieving a favorable growth efficiency of the C. vulgaris, as well as targeted productions such as biomass, antioxidant, and biofuel. Additionally, different approaches to induce any specific production are also considered comprehensively.

The malnourished surgery patient: a silent epidemic in perioperative outcomes?

As many as two of every three major surgery patients are malnourished preoperatively - a diagnosis rarely made and treated even less frequently. Unfortunately, perioperative malnutrition is perhaps the least often identified surgical risk factor and is among the most treatable to improve outcomes. Two important perioperative nutrition guidelines were published recently. Both emphasize nutrition assessment as an essential component of preoperative screening. The recently published perioperative nutrition screen (PONS) readily identifies patients at malnutrition risk, allowing for preoperative nutritional optimization. The use of computerized tomography scan and ultrasound lean body mass (LBM) evaluation to identify sarcopenia associated with surgical risk and guide nutrition intervention is garnering further support. Preoperative nutrition optimization in malnourished patients, use of immunonutrition in all major surgery, avoidance of preoperative fasting, inclusion of postoperative high-protein nutritional supplements, and early postoperative oral intake have all recently been shown to improve outcomes and should be utilized. The recent publication of new surgical nutrition guidelines, the PONS score, and use of LBM assessments will allow better identification and earlier intervention on perioperative malnutrition. It is essential that in the future no patient undergoes elective surgery without nutrition screening and nutrition intervention when malnutrition risk is identified.

Effect of nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment

Objective To investigate the effect of nutritional counseling combined with oral high-fat, high-protein nutritional supplement (Ensource) on nutritional status and clinical outcomes of esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment. Methods Totally 80 esophageal cancer patients under radiotherapy treatment who were able to take oral feeding and with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score ≥3 were selected and divided into a study group (n=41, nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements) and a control group (n=39, nutritional counseling) with a random number table. Energy intake, nutritional status, and incidences of radiotherapy complications of the two groups before and after radiotherapy were compared. Results Energy intakes in the study group increased significantly during radiotherapy compared with the control group [(2 445±686) kJ vs.(1 747±456)kJ, P=0.003]; and the level of prealbumin and transferrin were increased significantly compared with before radiotherapy [(17.35±5.83)mg/L vs. (20.15±6.02)mg/L, P=0.008; (213.74±52.66)mg/L vs. (264.19±43.78)mg/L, P=0.002]. Besides, compared with the control group, incidence of radiation esophagitis (Grade Ⅲ) and radiation skin injury (Grade Ⅲ) in the study group decreased significantly (24% vs. 38%, P=0.000; 27% vs. 41%, P=0.000). Conclusion Nutritional counseling combined with oral nutritional supplements in esophageal cancer patients could help improve the patients' nutritional profile and decrease the incidence of complications related with radiotherapy. Key words: Nutritional counseling; Oral nutritional supplement; Cancer-specific full nutritional formula; Esophageal cancer; Radiotherapy

SUN-PP148: High Protein Nutritional Supplements Improve Leg Strength in Malnourished Adults with Sarcopenia

SUN-PP148: High Protein Nutritional Supplements Improve Leg Strength in Malnourished Adults with Sarcopenia

P361: Serum protein level and its association with the clinical course of acute hip fracture patients included in a nutritional protocol with high protein nutritional supplements

P361: Serum protein level and its association with the clinical course of acute hip fracture patients included in a nutritional protocol with high protein nutritional supplements

High protein supplementation in pregnancy.

To assess the effects of providing pregnant women with high-protein nutritional supplements on gestational weight gain and on the outcome of pregnancy, including fetal growth, gestational duration, and maternal and fetal/infant morbidity and mortality. The register of clinical trials maintained and updated by the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group. All acceptably controlled comparisons of protein/energy supplementation in which the protein content of the supplement provided >25% of its total energy content. Data were extracted by the author from published reports, and supplemented by additional information from trialists contacted by the author. Two studies involving 1076 women were included. High protein supplementation was associated with a small, statistically nonsignificant increase in weekly maternal weight gain. The two available trials provide no evidence of benefit on fetal growth; indeed, the adjusted mean difference in birth weight is -58. 4 g. One trial also reported a nonsignificantly increased risk of neonatal death with high-protein supplementation. There is not enough evidence to evaluate the use of high protein supplementation in pregnancy.

Nutritional status of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: relation to the proximity of death

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscle atrophy and weakness. Although dysphagia is a universal feature of this illness, the nutritional and metabolic status of ALS patients has received little attention. We performed serial measurements of muscle power, body composition, energy expenditure, nitrogen balance, and dietary intake on ALS patients on three occasions over 6 mo in the General Clinical Research Center of the University of Kentucky Medical Center. Data were analyzed in reference to the time of death. Regression analysis demonstrated progressive decreases in body fat, lean body mass, muscle power, and nitrogen balance and an increase in resting energy expenditure as death approached. The changes in body composition were greater in males. Energy and protein consumption averaged 84% and 126% of the recommended dietary allowances, respectively, but did not correlate with complaints of dysphagia. We conclude that ALS patients have a chronically deficient intake of energy and recommended augmentation of energy intake rather than the consumption of high-protein nutritional supplements.