High-profile Murder Research Articles

Causes and Prevention for Juvenile Delinquencies

Juveniles are defined as any person under the age of 18 years. In any country, juveniles are considered the most important part of society. As we often come across this saying “Today’s Children are Tomorrow’s Citizens”, juveniles are expected to be the future leaders of our society. But in a country like India where the crime rate is increasing day by day, we find a lot of instances where juveniles are responsible for a particular that was committed. This is very devastating and shocking news for any country seeing their future leaders committing crimes ranging from small thefts to high profile murders, sexual offences, smuggling, etc. there are some reasons why these juveniles are committing crimes.

Threats of fire in the context of domestic and family violence: views on prevalence, forms and contexts from service providers in Queensland

ABSTRACT A perpetrator’s use of fire to coerce, control and punish a current or former partner has been the subject of increased attention in media reporting and research, particularly following several high-profile murders of women in Queensland. Building on this, the study set out in this article examines threats of fire in the context of domestic and family violence. These threats may involve the dousing of persons or property with flammable substances (commonly petrol), as well as purely verbal or implicit threats where there is no use of accelerant. This article draws on interview data with 17 Domestic and Family Violence (DFV) non-government service providers collected in 2021 and analyses participants’ views on the prevalence, forms and contexts of threats of fire. It concludes that such threats take a variety of forms, likely occur as part of an escalation of a pattern of previous abusive behaviour, and can be difficult for law enforcement and other service providers to identify. This article identifies the need for better responses to threats of fire and further research into this manifestation of coercive and controlling behaviour.

Financial Toxicity: A Barrier to Achieving Health Equity in Cancer Care

Financial Toxicity: A Barrier to Achieving Health Equity in Cancer Care

Does Stop and Search Reduce Crime? Evidence from Street-Level Data and a Surge in Operations Following a High-Profile Crime

Abstract This paper uses a surge in stop and search operations following a high-profile murder to look at their effect on recorded crime. Difference-in-difference estimates using detailed geocoded data at the street-level suggest a doubling to trebling of the number of searches in streets close to the place of the murder. IV estimates on the effects of stops and searches on crime suggest little effect on property crime, weapons offences and violent crime or drug offences. Some specifications find reductions in anti-social behaviour, suggesting that any effects on crime are due to an increased police presence on the streets.

Commemorative Events and Public Rituals: Redefining Our Leisure Engagement with Violent Death As Healing Practice And/through Social Activism

The article examines the concepts of public grief and social activism in the context of commemorative events, such as candlelight vigils. These candlelight vigils can be viewed as a form of leisure activity as individuals freely chose to attend the event during their free time. Attending such events has the potential to provide therapy to the attendees and contribute towards their well-being, similar to the phenomenon of individuals visiting roadside memorials and locally created shrines following an unexpected and/or violent death. The article focuses on the candlelight vigils held to commemorate high profile murders of women as part of the violence against women focus in Victoria, Australia. These events also provide attendees with the opportunity to engage in social activism, reinforcing that these events provide the opportunity to engage in a blend of both private and public mourning; and may encourage social good via activism, which also may be a form of therapeutic practice for well-being. The article introduces the concept of grief leisure as a way to conceptualize the attendance at public event vigils as a therapeutic practice to help deal with grief.

A Forgotten Bishop: Lutsk Bishop Ostafy (Eugene) Yelo-Malynsky in the Shadow of His Outstanding Contemporaries

The article deals with the activity of the Union Bishop Ostafy (Eugene) Yelo-Malynsky, who headed the Lutsk Episcopal Chair in 1607–1620. The questions of the origin of the Yelo-Malynsky family, their formation in the status of large landowners in Volhynia; the peculiarities of the secular period of the future bishop’s life are also analyzed. It is noted that Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky was, figuratively speaking, a member of the “club of Volhynian magnates”, owned numerous estates and distinguished himself as a successful businessman. At the same time, from a young age he proved to be an extremely controversial person. On the one hand, Yelo-Malynsky was a recognized lawyer and city judge in Volhynia, while on the other hand, he was involved in a crime including at least two high-profile murders. That circumstance had a great impact on the formation of his reputation and created serious problems in his further activity as a bishop. The issue of national and religious values of Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky is considered separately. It is mentioned that he belonged to the wealthy elite, who followed the Eastern rite at the turn of the 16th–17th centuries. Having opted for the union, he took part in the Lublin Declaration of 1603, which aimed to provide political support to the Union Church and members of the church. Since then, Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky had become one of the few large landowners in Volhynia who professed the Union and had real opportunities to support it.It is noted that granting the privilege to Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky at the Lutsk Diocese met with mass protests of the Volhynian nobility. The aristocratic community mainly did not perceive him as a pastor due to the ambiguous past of the new bishop. This, in turn, was the main reason for the local spread of the Union in the Lutsk-Ostroh diocese.The author made the conclusion that Ostafy (Eugene) Yelo-Malynsky combined in his person contradictory features of his time (aristocratic arbitrariness and the connection with crime, as well as the education, talent of a businessman and the practice of a lawyer). Becoming a bishop, he showed the abilities of an administrator, but did not realize his material potential in the field of philanthropy, and thus remained in the shadow of his prominent contemporaries.

Psychiatry Diversity Leadership in Academic Medicine: Guidelines for Success.

Author(s): Jordan, Ayana; Shim, Ruth S; Rodriguez, Carolyn I; Bath, Eraka; Alves-Bradford, Jean-Marie; Eyler, Lisa; Trinh, Nhi-Ha; Hansen, Helena; Mangurian, Christina | Abstract: Dr. A, a Black woman researcher and clinician-educator in the Department of Psychiatry at a prestigious academic institution, was appointed chair of the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) committee in 2017, in the context of public complaints and media coverage concerning sexism and racism. Following recent high-profile murders of Black people by police, Dr. A is called upon by the department chair to develop programming. As a first step, Dr. A drafts a strong message against racismandexcessive police force.Despite the statement being vetted by all senior leadership, the department chair insists thatDr.Aplace only her name on it, in case it is not well received. Dr. A receives negative e-mails in response to the statement, with minimal support from the department. Not to be dismayed, Dr. A assembles a DEI committee to plan an strategy for the entire department, without financial support, protected time, or additional resources. The DEI committee progress is slowed by the lack of institutional and departmental commitment. Additionally, several well-meaning non- Black colleagues in the department organize responses to the murders-including protests, town hall events, and public statements-without concerted coordination with the DEI committee, implying that nothing was being done. In parallel, Dr. A is tasked with organizing and dispatching the limited number of Black psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers in the department to deliver care to the entire Black community at her institution. Feeling overwhelmed by the number of tasks she has been asked to initiate-while navigating a tense climate, with minimal financial or administrative departmental support-Dr. A requests a meeting with the department chair and executive committee. At the meeting, Dr. A, a tenured faculty memberfor the past 10 years, is addressed by another colleague's name-the only other Black professor in the department. When Dr. A points out this microaggression, a senior colleague tells her she is being too sensitive, and is overreacting. Despite this interaction, Dr. A highlights multiple institutional barriers, including the structural racism that minimizes the work of DEI initiatives in the department. She presents her proposal for protected time and resources to successfully execute robust antiracist programming but is toldmoneyis tight and to scale back and do the best you can..

THE WORLD OF DIANE ARBUS: A MODEL OF THE OUTSTANDING ARTIST’S PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT

The article author analyzes the factors not only related to Diane Arbus’ formation as an outstanding personality, but also determining the originality of her works. To create Diane Arbus’ psychological characteristics, her biography, autobiographical notes, interviews and other sources were analyzed. The following methods were used: comparison, to compare various data and thoughts about Diane’s personality traits; generalization, to determine the general trend in the artist’s psychological characteristics; and synthesis, to create a model of the photographer’s psychological porter. Diane Arbus’ works can be described by the following qualities: singularity, originality and extremely strong emotionality. The question was also raised whether Diane’s works offended people depicted on them, and whether her photographs were socially correct. Among the leading social factors that influenced Diana’s personality and work, it is necessary examine her close social environment, family, traumatic childhood events and the determining influence of Diane’s teacher - Lisette Model, who revealed Arbus’s creative potential. The article author also investigated the influence of wider social environment, namely, socially significant events: world wars, protests, high-profile political murders, cultural movements, and so on. However, our study has showed that socio-economic or political events had minimal influence on Diane’s personality. Thus, the photographer had such personal trait as resistance to social unrest. The artist’s psychological portrait includes two distinct groups of traits: general, having an impact on Diane’s life, and special, directly related to the specifics of the photographer’s work. Her general features were, in particular: deep introversion, increased emotional sensitivity and anxiety. The article concludes that the choice by Diane Arbus of themes for her works was significantly influenced by traumatic experience of her childhood, as well as empathy, as her permanent personal trait.

Getting Away With Murder? A Review of the ‘Rough Sex Defence’

Several high-profile murders of women killed during alleged consensual sex ‘gone wrong’ have led to widespread calls for reform to prevent the use of what has been termed the ‘rough sex defence’. Concerns about the use of this ‘defence’ are located within broader concerns about the high rates of domestic abuse and fatal violence against women. Lobbyists, campaign groups and members of parliament have drawn attention to the increase in this ‘defence’ featuring in criminal cases in England and Wales and have consequently proposed two amendments to the Domestic Abuse Bill (2020), namely a statutory prohibition of consent as a defence to actual bodily or more serious harm, including death, and introducing additional scrutiny in charging decisions by requiring the Director of Public Prosecutions to authorise charges of manslaughter (rather than murder) in cases involving rough sex/sadomasochism (SM). This article provides a critical analysis of the use of rough sex/SM in female homicide cases and proposed legal reforms and concludes that the proposed reforms would fail to capture many of the ‘rough sex’ cases that have come before the courts in recent years and may not have the intended effect. We consider potential alternative approaches.

Constructing authority in times of crisis

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how the Chinese government generates authority during a crisis through discursive practices expressed in social media.Design/methodology/approachUsing the theoretical framework of authority and the method of genre analysis, this study examined the top 100 forwarded posts on Weibo about a high-profile murder to determine the mechanisms involved in generating authority.FindingsThis study provides empirical support that building and maintaining authority distinguishes governments from other social actors during crisis communication. The genre analysis demonstrates that the strategic use of genre chain and genre mixing contributes to the construction of governments’ authority during a crisis. Furthermore, this study suggests the performative and social constructionist approach to understand governments’ authority in the digital age on two levels: a situationally-constructed concept that goes beyond the context of fixed institutions and a relationally-constructed concept that is promoted through discursive collaboration among various social actors.Research limitations/implicationsThis study does not directly assess the effectiveness of a government’s ability to construct its authority. Nor does it examine the construction of governments’ authority outside the context of an authoritarian regime. These issues should be addressed in future research.Practical implicationsThis study offers governmental organizations some practical insights that can be used to infuse a constructive aspect of authority into their crisis communication plans, practices and processes.Originality/valueHere, authority is seen as a social construction that foregrounds the discursive, performative, constructive and communicative dimensions of crisis communication. Moreover, this study points to the need for a more complex integrated perspective in crisis communication that includes and connects corporate and government crisis communication.

Unsolved murders and the investigative failures of the Nigerian police force: Security and sociopolitical implications

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on the systemic failures of the Nigerian police force to unravel the mysteries surrounding homicides in the country, along with the security, social and political implications of the ongoing trend. The article draws on documented pieces of evidence of high-profile murders, along with the causes of the upsurge in murder incidences and the inhibitive factors relating to the investigative procedures of the police. The suitability of the theory of subaltern realism and the concept of third-world security predicaments in explaining the peculiarities of Nigeria’s internal security challenges is examined, along with the problems of the legitimacy of political regimes and weak borders. There is a need for the National Assembly of Nigeria to exercise its constituted powers in reawakening and supervising investigations into dormant cases of murder through its committees on police affairs, public safety and national security. The police should check its organisational failures, which may be related to using the wrong investigative approaches, low levels of information, limited resources, corrupt practices, and pressure to obtain quick results.

The Shaping, Enactment and Interpretation of the First Hate-Crime Law in the United Kingdom - An Informative and Illustrative Lesson for South Africa

Hate crimes are crimes that are motivated by personal prejudice or bias. Hate-crime laws criminalise such conduct and allow for the imposition of aggravated penalties on convicted perpetrators. This article examines the historical, social and political factors which influenced the shaping and enactment of the first British hate-crime law. The South African context is also considered since the Department of Justice has recently released the Prevention and Combatting of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech Bill for public commentary and input.
 While Britain has had a long historical record of criminal conduct that was motivated by the race and the ethnicity of victims, it was only in the twentieth century that civil society first drew attention to the problem of violent racist crimes. Nevertheless, successive British governments denied the problem of racist crimes and refused to consider the enactment of a hate-crime law. Following a high-profile racist murder and a governmental inquiry, a British Labour Party-led government eventually honoured its pre-election commitment and passed a hate-crime law in 1998.
 Some parallels are apparent between the British and the South African contexts. South Africa also has a long historical record of racially motivated hate crimes. Moreover, in the post-apartheid era there have been numerous reports of racist hate crimes and hate crimes against Black lesbian women and Black foreigners. Despite several appeals from the academic and non-governmental sectors for the enactment of a hate-crime law, and the circulation for public commentary of the Prevention and Combating of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech Bill, such a law has hitherto not been enacted in South Africa. This article posits that the enactment of a hate-crime law is a constitutional imperative in South Africa in terms of the right to equality and the right to freedom and security of the person. While the enactment of a hate-crime law in South Africa is recommended, it is conceded that enacting a hate-crime law will not eradicate criminal conduct motivated by prejudice and bias.
 

The disability bias: understanding the context of hate in comparison with other minority populations

During recent years ‘disability hate crime’ has become a major political and criminal justice concern due to a number of high-profile murders in the United Kingdom. The aim of this article is to compare disability-motivated hate crimes with other hate crimes motivated by homophobic or racist bias. This study employs a quantitative methodology utilising data collected by the ARCH hate crime recording system over a 10-year period (2005–2015). The data findings illustrate a number of variations concerning incidents reported by disabled people regarding violence and threatening behaviour, when compared with incidents motivated by race/faith or homophobic bias.

Who Assassinated the Somali President in October 1969? The Cold War, the Clan Connection, or the Coup d’État

ABSTRACTThe mystery of the assassination on October 15, 1969 of President Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, the second civilian Somali leader in the postcolonial period, has been misunderstood. Soon after, on the October 21, 1969, at 3 o’clock in the morning, Radio Mogadishu announced that the military seized the power and overthrew the civilian government. It was also announced the prime minister and members of his government as well as former President Aden Abdulle Osman and other politicians were arrested. The parliament was abolished, the constitution suspended, and all political and social organizations banned. Based on newly unearthed primary sources—previously classified court documents, official government bulletins, intelligence sources, and oral interviews with key witnesses—this article assesses for the first time the circumstances surrounding the assassination. Who masterminded the assassination? Why and what was the motivation behind it still remains a puzzle to Somalis and non-Somalis. The assassination was among the high-profile murders in East Africa that year: including, the assassinations of Tom Mboya, a senior minister in Kenya on July 5, 1969, and of Eduardo Chivambo Mondlane, the leader of Mozambique Liberation Front, on February 3, 1969. Most Somalis and non-Somalis assume that Abdirashid was “killed” due to an intractable clan rivalry over state power between contesting postcolonial elites. This article counters the conventional explanations of the assassination by contending that the Soviets and Siad Barre played a crucial role in Abdirashid’s assassination: for the former, removing a pro-Western administration was paramount, for the latter, the aim was to seize power through the ideology of a Soviet-style socialism.

The Scholarly Network

Service is the rent we pay for a room on earth.-Unknown authorI instruct my students to answer the exam question directly. That is, they must answer the question as wrote it and not as they wish to reformulate it. also tell my students to do as say and not as do. The editor has asked me and others to offer reflections on and how your own work has been affected by recent events (high-profile murders of black people, including Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, and Freddie Gray, as well as other black men, women, and children assaulted and murdered by law enforcement officials and others in the United States), including, if possible, one or two concrete examples of past, current, or future work.The editor asks whether my work has been affected by these events. This question presumes that my work and are separate, but as am a black woman academic, my work and life are intertwined. It is not possible for me to remain unaffected by the murders of black people. Although do not personally know the individuals who have been murdered, they are my kin. Although do not know their families, grieve with them. My work includes more than the items detailed in my annual faculty productivity report. do not judge my success or productivity solely by standard academic metrics. My work involves not only what publish but how operate in the world and in this academic discipline. In this personal essay, reflect on my motivation and efforts to support black and other underrepresented scholars through networking and social media.Data from the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL) indicate that there are relatively few black biblical scholars in the United States. According to the 2015 SBL Society Report, Presently, 85% of members who claim to be United States citizens are of European descent, 3.8% are multiethnic, and 3.4% are of African descent. of Asian descent account for 2.3%, Latina/o descent totals 1.7%, and Native American, Alaska Native, or First Nation descent is 0.2%.1 Furthermore, the Society Report acknowledges, Members of African descent have the highest representation of contingent faculty at 9.5% and the lowest representation of fulltime tenured faculty at 47.4%2 As a group, black SBL members remain underrepresented and are least secure regarding tenure status.Academia is not a warm, welcoming space, and it is much less so for underrepresented scholars.3 In many conversations with nonblack academics, find that may be one of the few black scholars they know. According to the 2013 American Values Survey by the Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI), the social networks of whites are 91 percent white.4 Just as our neighborhoods and faith communities are segregated, so are our scholarly networks. Academics rely on a host of informal communication networks for a variety of reasons. We may contact our graduate school cohort at feeder schools to ask if they have promising students who are applying for doctoral programs. We may e-mail our colleagues seeking names to include on lists of potential job candidates or keynote speakers. I have never heard of her is one of the worst things that can be said about a scholar. People need to know that you exist in order to invite you to collaborate on projects, contribute to edited volumes, or apply for fellowships. Black scholars who are not part of those networks may miss out on vital opportunities.I am fortunate to have a tenure-track position, encouraging departmental colleagues, a wonderful therapist, and a loving family. want to help other scholars who may not have the same support. do not consider myself an activist; for me, that term suggests someone who is strongly committed to a particular organization, cause, or action on a regular basis. do not consider myself a protester, although my family and attend local meetings, protests, and vigils, including those in support of the #SayHerName campaign. …

The efficacy of Clare’s Law in domestic violence law reform in England and Wales

In 2011 the high profile murder of Clare Wood led to the introduction of the national domestic violence disclosure scheme (‘Clare’s Law’) in England and Wales. The scheme aims to prevent the perpetration of violence between intimate partners through the sharing of information about prior histories of violence. Despite already spreading to comparable jurisdictions in the UK and Australia, to date the merits of a domestic violence disclosure scheme have been the subject of limited scholarly review and analysis. This article provides a timely critical analysis of the need for and merits of Clare’s Law. It examines the data impediments to the scheme, the need to balance the right to protection with the right to privacy and the question of victim empowerment versus responsibilization and victim blaming. The article concludes that there is a need to heed caution in adopting this policy elsewhere.

NEW WARS BETWEEN SECURITY CLANS, OR WHAT ZOLOTOV MAY KNOW ABOUT NEMTSOV’S ASSASSINATION

NEW WARS BETWEEN SECURITY CLANS, OR WHAT ZOLOTOV MAY KNOW ABOUT NEMTSOV’S ASSASSINATION

Shots Fired! Switching Between Practices in Police Work

Fast-response organizations are under increased scrutiny as to their ability to mount a timely and coordinated response to unexpected events. Our inductive study focuses on a high profile murder that occurred in Amsterdam in 2011 where a large multidisciplinary police team faced major coordination challenges and was unsuccessful in switching from the practice of surveillance to that of apprehension when their target was suddenly gunned down. Our analysis suggests that challenges related to relational ambiguity, knowledge flows, communications technology, team composition, and field obstructions, hindered the switching between practices under conditions of surprise and fast response. The paper offers a theoretical framework toward a greater understanding of the persistent coordination challenges that arise when a sudden switch from one practice to another becomes necessary. Our study contributes toward a greater understanding of practice performance and the social and material challenges related to switching between practices.

The ‘Focal Concerns’ of Parole Board Decision-Making: A Thematic Analysis

Following the high-profile murder of Jill Meagher in Victoria in 2012, parole is once again a provocative topic in Australia. While there is a developed scholarly literature on decision-making in other criminal justice areas, less attention has been paid to parole board decision-making. The study discussed in this article begins to address this gap in the literature through a thematic analysis of publicly available parole release decisions made by the Prisoners Review Board of Western Australia in 2013. Specifically, this study tests the viability of the focal concerns perspective as a conceptual framework for understanding parole board decision-making. Its analysis reveals that focal concerns relating to offender blameworthiness, community protection and practical constraints are evident in parole release decisions, albeit in a modified form from sentencing research to reflect the backend process of parole. In particular, decisions consistently project a strong sense of offender change. This article presents the study and discusses implications of these findings with respect to the use of the focal concerns perspective in parole research.

DARK SIDE CASE: Blood on the Gatepost: Managerial Conflict down on the Farm

This Dark Side Case deals with the tragic conflict between managers over control and future ownership of a family business. The case reports the high profile murder of New Zealand farmer Scott Guy ...