High Platelet-lymphocyte Ratio Research Articles

Systemic inflammation and changes in physical well-being in patients with breast cancer: a longitudinal study in community oncology settings.

Chemotherapy adversely affects physical well-being and inflammation may be related to changes in physical well-being. We evaluated the association of systemic inflammation with changes in physical well-being. In a prospective study of 580 patients with stages I-III breast cancer we assessed immune cell counts, neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte:monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet:lymphocyte ratio (PLR) within 7 days before chemotherapy (pre-chemotherapy). Physical well-being was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: General-Physical Well-being subscale (FACT-PWB) pre-chemotherapy and 1 month and 6 months post-chemotherapy. Clinically meaningful decline in physical well-being was determined as decreasing FACT-PWB by more than one point from pre-chemotherapy level, and non-resilience defined as having decline post-chemotherapy and not returning to within one-point of pre-chemotherapy FACT-PWB by 6 months post-chemotherapy. Multivariable logistic regressions examined the association between inflammation and changes in physical well-being, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Fifty-nine percent (310/529) and 36% (178/501) of participants had physical well-being decline post-chemotherapy and 6 months post-chemotherapy, respectively. Fifty percent (147/294) were non-resilient. Low NLR and PLR were associated with 1.78 (P = .01) and 1.66 (P = .02) fold greater odds of having a decline in physical well-being 6 months post-chemotherapy compared to those with high NLR and PLR, respectively. Low NLR and PLR were associated with 1.92 (P = .02) and 2.09 (P = 0.01) fold greater odds of being non-resilient 6 months post-chemotherapy compared to those with high NLR and PLR, respectively. Low NLR and PLR were associated with chemotherapy-induced changes in physical well-being independent of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.

The Association between Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio and In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients with First Attack of Acute ST-elevation Myocardial Infraction following Thrombolysis with Streptokinase in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Platelet Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been found to be a good predictor of future adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Aim: Investigation was done in the aim to detect the role of Platelet Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting in-hospital adverse cardiac events in patients with STEMI thrombolysed with streptokinase in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh for fifteen-month duration from January, 2018 to March, 2019, in STEMI patients, who were thrombolysed with inj. Streptokinase (STK) had blood samples at admission, analyzed complete blood counts for PLR calculation. They were grouped into two, low and high PLR, taking 150 as cut-off. Chi square test was used to compare rate of adverse events and death in hospital stay. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate predictive ability of PLR for in-hospital cardiac events. Results: A total of 79 patients among 217 patients had complications. Patients in high PLR group had higher rate of complications (63.6% vs. 21.4%, p <0.001) in hospital than those in low PLR group. Arrhythmias (13.0% vs. 5.0%, p <0.036), Heart failure (45.5% vs. 15.0%, p=0.001), Cardiogenic shock (10.4% vs.3.6%, p <0.001), Death (9.1% vs. 6.4%, p=0.473), occurred more in high PLR group. Mean PLR was significantly different between Group-I and Group-II (96.21±27.79 vs. 233.21±88.20, p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed PLR an independent predictor of in-hospital adverse cardiac events (at 10% level of significance, p = 0.001). Conclusion: High admission PLR is an independent predictor for in-hospital adverse cardiac events in patients hospitalized for STEMI thrombolysed with streptokinase.

Association of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios with inflammation and survival in Mexican patients on chronic hemodialysis.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers of systemic inflammatory status. The relationship between NLR, PLR, and mortality is controversial among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Evaluate NLR and PLR in the prediction of mortality in chronic HD patients. We analyzed 130 patients with a follow-up for 66 months. Four groups were established according to NLR-PLR values. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used. NLR-PLR correlated positively with C-reactive protein. Cox regression analysis for overall mortality among the four groups included age (HR 1.027, 95% CI 1.003-1.053) and albumin (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.073-0.85). For cardiovascular (CV) mortality only pulse pressure differential (PPD) was included (HR 1.033; 95% CI 1.014-1.052). Low NLRs and high PLRs were associated with CV mortality (Log Rank test, p = 0.033). Low NLRs and high PLRs predict the risk of CV mortality among HD patients.

Preoperative and postoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for patients with soft tissue sarcoma treated with curative resection.

e23568 Background: In cancer development and progression, systemic inflammation has been implicated. Inflammatory markers have been identified as prognostic indicators in numerous malignancies. In this study, we explored the prognostic relevance of initial and postoperative systemic inflammatory markers (neutrophil -lymphocyte ratio, platelet -lymphocyte ratio) on relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with soft -tissue sarcoma (STS) who underwent curative resection. Methods: We included a total of 89 patients with STS who underwent extensive and radical resection at the Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital (Daegu, Korea,) between 2004 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier curves and RFS and OS were calculated using multivariate Cox proportional models. Results: The median age of the patients was 55 years (range 27 - 86) and the ratio of male-to-female ratio was approximately 1:1. A total of 67 (75.3%) patients demonstrated a high initial neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) (≥4.1) and 65 (75.3%) showed a high initial platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR) (≥231). After curative resection, the number of patients with high NLR and PLR was 16(18.0%) and 17 (29.3%). In both the NLR and PLR groups, including the postoperative NLR and postoperative PLR subgroups, no significant differences were observed in terms of age, sex, histologic type, tumor site, tumor size, tumor depth, or American Joint Committee on Cancer staging when stratified into high and low subgroups. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, an elevated initial PLR ratio was significantly associated with a decreased RFS (hazard ratio[HR]: 2.120; 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.021 - 4.883, p = 0.017) and OS (HR: 5.073; 95% CI: 1.731 - 14.87, p = 0.003). Patients with a high PLR (PLR > 231) had a median RFS of 24 months, whereas those with a low PLR (PLR ≤231) had a median RFS of 96 months. The median OS was 50 and 298 months for the high PLR and low PLR groups, respectively. Furthermore, a high postoperative PLR ratio was significantly associated with a decreased RFS (HR: 3.921; 95% CI: 1.738 - 8.845, p = 0.001) and OS (HR: 5.702; 95% CI: 1.099 -29.576, p = 0.038). Conclusions: The present results suggest that the preoperative and postoperative PLR ratio can be used as a cost- effective prognostic marker for oncologic outcomes in patients with STS who underwent surgery.

Resectability rate of pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.

e16348 Background: Pancreatic Cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in Saudi Arabia. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment in resectable non-metastatic cases. Working on improving the resectability rate to achieve R0 resection is the standard of care. Methods: Unresectable cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma seen from 2004 till 2018 in three hospitals in Saudi Arabia were reviewed to know the conversion rate from unresectable or borderline resectable to resectable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and to explore the possible prognostic factors. The characteristics and outcomes of these patients were reviewed, with more attention on the known prognostic factors and their impact on the outcome. Notably, performance status, CA19-9, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ration (NLR), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR). Overall response to neoadjuvant therapy, R0 resection, relapse free survival and overall survival were all reported. Results: Two hundred seventy-three captured cases of all types of pancreatic tumors from the tumor registry in the years between 2004 and 2018. 39 cases were unresectable or borderline resectable cases. The median age was 60 years (range:29-79), and 25 patients were males. 30 patients had an ECOG PS of 0-1and 6 had an ECOG PS of 2. The head of the pancreas was the primary tumor site in 31 patients and the body or tail was in 8 patients. 21 patients (54%) presented with weight loss ( > 5kg), and 21 patients (54%) presented with obstructive jaundice. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols were FOLFORINOX (13 patients, 33%), Gemcitabine/Capecitabine (10 patients), single agent Gemcitabine (10 patients), and other regimens in 6 patients. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 6 (range: 1-14). 17 patients had dose reduction. 6 patients had preoperative radiation. Response to chemotherapy: ORR: 36%, SD: 26% and PD: 38% .Surgery was done after neoadjuvant therapy in 12 patients (31%). Only 4 out 12 had confirmed R0. Median Overall Survival (MS) and Progression-Free survival (PFS) in all patients were 30 mo (95% CI: 17.75 - 42.56) and 8 mo (95% CI: 5.65 - 11.89) respectively. MS in the surgery and the non-surgery groups was 30 and 25 mo (p- value = 0.26) respectively. The median PFS in the surgery and the non-surgery groups was 19.6 and 5.8 mo (p- value = 0.008) respectively. Multivariate regression analysis done for the following variables: ECOG PS of 2, elevated CA 199, high NLR > 3, high PLR > 225, weight loss and results showed numerical difference of both MS and PFS with no statistical significance (Type 2 error). Conclusions: The conversion rate from unresectable or borderline resectable to resectable after neoadjuvant therapy is 31% which is consistent with the international data. There is PFS improvement in those who underwent surgery (19.6 mo vs. 5.8 mo) with statistical significance (p:0.008), and there is numerical improvement of MS (30 mo vs. 25 mo) that did not reach statistical significance.

Can platelet distribution width lymphocyte ratio be a novel biomarker for predicting survival in metastatic renal cell cancer?

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitutes 3% of all malignant tumors in the adult patient population (1). As in other cancer processes, inflammation affects each step of tumor formation, including initiation of tumorigenesis, tumor promotion, and metastatic progression in RCC (2,3). It is widely accepted that C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers of inflammation in both inflammatory diseases and malignant disease processes (2,3). Furthermore, a relatively high NLR was reported to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis and reduced overall survival in urological cancers (4,5). Platelets can secrete active metabolites and proteins and take a significant role in various processes such as inflammation, sepsis, and tissue regeneration (5). In addition, it is known that they can release growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may all induce tumor angiogenesis and growth (6). In line with these findings, Tsujino et al. reported that platelet count could be an independent prognostic marker of overall survival and recurrence-free survival for patients with localized RCC (7). Additionally, Wang et al. stated that a high PLR value indicated an unfavorable prognosis in all urological cancers (8). Although several studies investigated the significance of hematological indices such as NLR and PLR in localized or metastatic RCC (mRCC), none focused on the platelet distribution width-lymphocyte ratio (PDWLR) (7,9,10). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the prognostic significance of these platelet parameters in patients with mRCC.

Prognostic value of inflammation-related biomarkers in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hematological indicators of chronic systemic inflammation are significant biomarkers for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of certain factors on the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with GEP-NENs. These factors include the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. After searching the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from January 1, 2000 to October 20, 2022 and the American Society of Clinical Oncology conference proceedings from January 1, 2017, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify the origins of heterogeneity and examine the impact of factor grouping. The effects of the cut-off values and sample size were assessed by meta-regression. The results revealed that higher NLRs, PLRs, and CRP levels were associated with shorter OS (HR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.55-2.8; HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.40-2.28; and HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 2.09-3.95, respectively; all p < 0.001). Higher NLRs and lower LMRs were associated with shorter DFS (HR = 3.34, 95% CI = 2.11-5.29 and HR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.27-3.24, respectively; both p < 0.001). Higher PLRs and CRP levels were correlated with shorter PFS (HR = 3.48, 95% CI = 1.34-9.03, p = 0.01 and HR = 3.14, 95% CI = 1.63-6.08, p = 0.001). As demonstrated in the research, hematological indicators of systemic inflammation are promising biomarkers for GEP-NEN assessment.

Red blood cell distribution width may predict the prognosis of vestibular neuritis

Objectives: The study aimed to determine whether red cell distribution width (RDW), as well as other inflammatory markers of complete blood count, have any predictive value for the etiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of vestibular neuritis (VN). Patients and Methods: Forty-two VN patients (28 females, 14 males; mean age: 46.7±11.0 years; range, 20 to 75 years) and 50 controls (32 females, 18 males; mean age: 44.4±6.0 years; range, 22 to 55 years) were included in the retrospective study between May 2016 and May 2018. Red cell distribution width and neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, and monocyte levels were documented from the hemogram records of all patients. Additionally, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio were calculated. Results: In the VN group, NLR and PLR values were significantly high (p=0.001 and p&lt;0.001, respectively). Red cell distribution width, platelet, lymphocyte, and monocyte levels were significantly high and hemoglobin was significantly low in VN patients with long-lasting spontaneous nystagmus (p&lt;0.001, p=0.026, p=0.033, p=0.047, and p=0.006, respectively). Conclusion: High RDW and low hemoglobin levels may predict a poor prognosis in adult VN patients. Moreover, a low lymphocyte-monocyte ratio and high NLR and PLR values are supportive findings in the diagnosis of vestibular neuritis.

Convined clinical prognostic model in colorectal cancer.

Current staging systems in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) utilize relatively few patient characteristics in comparison to the breadth of information available. The objective of our study is to analyze the heterogeneous set of variables that may influence mortality and recurrence independently in patients with CCR, and prepare a predictive model of survival and recurrence. Data from 288 patients who had undergone scheduled surgery for stage I-III cancer of the colon and upper rectum were used to construct Cox models for DFS and overall CSS at five years. We have jointly examined clinical variables, serological markers and histological variables with the aim of identifying new prognostic factors. Internal and external validation was carried out on each of the nomograms obtained. Perineural invasion; high platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the pN stage were the variables that emerged as an independent risk factor of recurrence. The variables related independently to overall CSS were the presence of blood in stools, high PLR and nodal involvement. We have created a predictive model of recurrence and mortality at 5years with data that is easily available (clinical, analytical and histological variables) which can help personalize the treatment and follow-up of patients with CRC. We also conducted an adequate internal and external validation.

Preoperative and Postoperative Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio Is a Prognostic Marker for Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treated With Curative Resection.

Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the development and progression of cancer. Inflammatory markers have been identified as prognostic indicators in numerous malignancies. This study explored the prognostic relevance of the initial and postoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) on relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) who underwent curative resection. We included 89 patients with STS who underwent extensive and radical resection at the Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital between 2004 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier curves for RFS and OS were calculated using multivariate Cox proportional models. A total of 67 (75.3%) patients demonstrated a high initial NLR (≥4.1) and 65 (75.3%) showed a high initial PLR (≥231). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, an elevated initial PLR ratio was significantly associated with a decreased RFS (p=0.017) and OS (p=0.003). Patients with a high PLR (PLR >231) had a median RFS of 24 months, whereas those with a low PLR (PLR ≤231) had a median RFS of 96 months. The median OS was 50 and 298 months for the high PLR and low PLR groups, respectively. Furthermore, a high postoperative PLR ratio was associated with a decreased RFS (p=0.001) and OS (p=0.038). Preoperative and postoperative PLR ratio can be used as a cost-effective prognostic marker for oncologic outcomes in patients with STS who undergo surgery.

Correlation Between NLR Combined with PLR Score and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation.

This investigation evaluated the prognostic significance of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and introduced a combined NLR-PLR score to evaluate the correlation between NLR-PLR score and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. We enrolled 110 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) for HCC. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were assessed, and appropriate cut-off values were established. The NLR-PLR score ranged from 0 to 2 as follows: score of 2, high NLR (≥3.37) and high PLR (≥105.96); score of 1, either high NLR or high PLR; score of 0, neither high NLR nor high PLR. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with NLR-PLR score of 0, 1 and 2 was 27, 26.5, and 6 months, respectively. The median OS of patients with NLR-PLR score of 2 was shorter than those with 0 (P < 0.001) and 1 (P < 0.001). The median disease-free survival (DFS) time of patients with NLR-PLR score of 0, 1 and 2 was 24.5, 24, and 6 months, The median DFS of patients with NLR-PLR score of 2 was shorter than those with 0 (P = 0.001) and 1 (P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis showed that NLR-PLR score was an independent risk factor for prognosis and survival. NLR, PLR and NLR-PLR score can predict the long-term survival of patients, and NLR-PLR score, having more predictive value than NLR and PLR alone is an independent risk factor for patient survival. more predictive value than NLR and PLR alone.

Platelet-lymphocyte ratio predicts chemotherapy response and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical resection.

Amounting literatures have reported the significance of systemic inflammatory markers for evaluating tumor prognosis. But few studies have systematically compared their superiority and their impact on adjuvant chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate the ability of inflammatory markers to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy in GC patients undergoing radical therapy and to identify an effective methodology based on the study's findings that would enable clinicians to differentiate between chemotherapy-responsive populations. We retrospectively enrolled 730 GC patients who underwent radical gastrectomy. Fibrinogen (FIB), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymph node ratio (LNR) were grouped according to cutoff values. Their clinical significance for GC prognosis was determined by multivariate COX regression analysis in the 730 GC patients and high/low PLR status subgroups. Cases were divided into four groups according to PLR status and adjuvant chemotherapy status and survival was compared among groups. Multivariate analysis showed that PLR was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of GC patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy improved survival more significantly in patients with low PLR than that with high PLR. Among patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, low PLR was significantly associated with prolonged survival in TNM stage II, but not in TNM stage III. Preoperative high PLR is an independent risk factor for GC patients undergoing radical gastrectomy and adversely affects the postoperative chemotherapy effect.

Relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in peripheral blood and prognosis after castration therapy for prostate cancer

Abstract Background: The relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in peripheral blood and prognosis after castration therapy for prostate cancer remains unclear. Methods: A total of 186 patients with prostate cancer treated between January 2018 and March 2021 were selected as the study subjects. All patients underwent castration therapy. Patient follow-up records for 2 years were examined to assess progression-free survival. NLR, PLR, and PSA levels were measured in the participants’ blood. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the occurrence of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to analyze progression-free survival, and ROC curves were plotted to assess the predictive value of NLR and PLR for progression-free survival. Results: In the stable group, NLR, PLR, PSA levels, bone metastasis ratio, and Gleason score ≥8 were significantly lower than in the progression group. T3 stage, N0 stage, and M0 stage were significantly higher in the progression group, with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05). NLR, PLR, and PSA levels were all significantly linearly correlated (P &lt; 0.05). High NLR, high PLR, high PSA, high bone metastasis, Gleason score &lt;8, T3 stage, and N0 stage were independent risk factors for poor prognosis after castration therapy for prostate cancer, with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05). Patients with low NLR had significantly better progression-free survival than the high NLR group, and patients with low PLR had significantly better progression-free survival than the high PLR group, with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05). The area under the curve for NLR and PLR in predicting progression-free survival after castration therapy for prostate cancer was both greater than 0.90, indicating high clinical utility. Conclusion: Peripheral blood NLR and PLR after castration therapy for prostate cancer are highly correlated with patient prognosis quality and can serve as important potential indicators for predicting patient prognosis quality.

Can the Inflammatory Cell Ratio NLR and PLR be Used as a Reliable Marker in Colon Cancer? A Prospective Study.

Simple approaches for detecting the tumor stage of colon cancer patients are required during the preoperative period. In recent years, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been employed as predictive parameters for systemic inflammatory response and long-term prognosis in a variety of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the NLR and PLR correspond with tumor characteristics in colon cancer patients. About 90 patients with colon cancer who reported to our institute during the time interval July 2021 to December 2022 were included in the study. The NLR and PLR were calculated using data obtained from a complete blood count evaluation. The relationship between inflammatory cell ratio and tumor-specific characteristics were analyzed. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and PLR correlated with pTNM staging in 88 patients. Two patients exhibited diffuse peritoneal metastasis. A significant association was found between PLR and early (Tis + T1 + T2) and advanced (T3 + T4) groups. Although the difference was not statistically significant, patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) had greater mean NLR and PLR. Platelet-lymphocyte ratio was found to be more accurate than NLR in predicting colon cancer tumor depth/invasion. A high PLR value aids in prognosticating advanced T-stage colon cancer patients and can be used as a valuable tool for preoperative counseling, but it must be validated with a survival analysis. The tumor microenvironment contains a variety of inflammatory cells that contribute to the growth and spread of the neoplasm. The NLR and PLR have been shown to be clinically and prognostically important in a variety of gastrointestinal cancers. The results of this study demonstrate that PLR was more accurate than NLR in predicting colon cancer tumor depth/invasion. Also, a high PLR value aids in prognosticating advanced T-stage colon cancer patients and may be used as a valuable tool for preoperative counseling. Ramesh SK, Swain SK, Munikrishnan V, et al. Can the Inflammatory Cell Ratio NLR and PLR be Used as a Reliable Marker in Colon Cancer? A Prospective Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2023;13(2):61-65.

Can systemic immune-inflammation index and hematologic parameters aid in decision-making for active surveillance or curative treatment in low-risk prostate cancer?

IntroductionPathologic Gleason Score (GS) upgrading is common in patients with low-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa) who are followed by active surveillance (AS) or undergo radical prostatectomy (RP). This fact raises concerns about inadequate treatment, especially in AS patients. We aimed to analyze the association of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index with GS upgrading. Materials and methodsThis study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. Data of the patients who underwent RP for PCa at three different centers between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on GR upgrading status as “upgrading” and “non-upgrading”. Among the patients who underwent RP, 77 patients who fully met the criteria for AS were identified. The patients eligible for AS were divided into “non-upgrading” and “upgrading” groups. These groups were compared regarding NLR, PLR, and SII index values. ResultsOverall, data from 250 patients were reviewed. Among these, 147 had GS upgrading, while 103 had no upgrading. Seventy-seven patients were eligible for AS. Among these patients, 30 had upgrading, while 47 were in the “non-upgrading” group. Our analysis revealed that an NLR of 1.85 and above was associated with a 2.238-fold increase in the risk of GS upgrading (p = 0.009). Also, a PLR of 115.7 and above was affiliated with a 2.992-fold increase in the GS upgrading risk (p < 0.001). The analysis regarding patients who underwent RP but were eligible for AS revealed that an NLR of ≥1.68 was associated with a 3.25-fold risk increase in GS upgrading. On the other hand, a PLR≥134.5 and an SII index≥630.7 were affiliated with a 12.303-fold and 6.562-fold increase in the risk of upgrading (p = 0.019, p = 0.018). ConclusionThe decision of AS should be carefully reappraised, and treatment methods such as RP or radiotherapy should be considered in patients with high NLR, PLR, or SII index values.

Baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio appear predictive of immune treatment related toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

A well-recognized class effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) ranging from low grade toxicities to life-threatening end organ damage requiring permanent discontinuation of ICI. Deaths are reported in < 5% of patients treated with ICI. There are, however, no reliable markers to predict the onset and severity of IrAEs. We tested the association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) at baseline with development of clinically significant IrAEs (grade ≥ 2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with ICI. To test the association between NLR and PLR at baseline with development of clinically significant IrAEs (grade ≥ 2) in HCC patients treated with ICI. Data was extracted from an international database from a consortium of 11 tertiary-care referral centers. NLR = absolute neutrophil count/absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and PLR = platelet count/ALC. Cutoff of 5 was used for NLR and 300 for PLR based on literature. We also tested the association between antibiotic and steroid exposure to IrAEs. Data was collected from 361 patients treated between 2016-2020 across the United States (67%), Asia (14%) and Europe (19%). Most patients received Nivolumab (n = 255, 71%). One hundred sixty-seven (46%) patients developed at least one IrAE, highest grade 1 in 80 (48%), grade ≥ 2 in 87 (52%) patients. In a univariable regression model PLR > 300 was significantly associated with a lower incidence of grade ≥ 2 IrAEs (OR = 0.40; P = 0.044). Similarly, a trend was observed between NLR > 5 and lower incidence of grade ≥ 2 IrAEs (OR = 0.58; P = 0.097). Multivariate analyses confirmed PLR > 300 as an independent predictive marker of grade ≥ 2 IrAEs (OR = 0.26; P = 0.011), in addition to treatment with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1)/cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (OR = 2.57; P = 0.037) and PD-1/tyrosine kinase inhibitor (OR = 3.39; P = 0.01) combinations. Antibiotic use was not associated with IrAE incidence (OR = 1.02; P = 0.954). Patients treated with steroids had a > 2-fold higher incidence of grade ≥ 2 IrAEs (OR = 2.74; P < 0.001), although 74% were prescribed steroids for the treatment of IrAEs. Given that high baseline NLR and PLR are associated with a decreased incidence of IrAEs, lower baseline NLR and PLR may be predictive biomarkers for the appearance of IrAEs in HCC treated with ICI. This finding is in keeping with several studies in solid tumors that have shown that baseline NLR and PLR appear predictive of IrAEs.

The Diagnostic profile and clinical course of patients with rheumatic diseases in the medical intensive care unit.

Immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory treatments developed in recent years as a result of a better understanding of the pathophysiology of systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs) improve the prognosis. Despite medical advances, individuals with SRDs at any stage may require intensive care and have a high mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with rheumatic diseases admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and the factors associated with the risk of mortality. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study that included patients with rheumatic diseases in the medical ICU. Factors of ICU 28-day mortality were identified by multiple-variable logistic analysis. A total of 127 patients with SRDs admitted to the medical ICU were enrolled. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (32.3%) was the most common diagnosis of SRDs in patients admitted to the ICU. The reasons for admission to the ICU were combined infection and primary SRD flare-up (35.4%), primary SRD flare-up (22%), SRD-unrelated reasons (22%), infection (17.3%), drug side effects (3.9%), and SRD-related complications (0.8%). The most common organ dysfunctions before (49.6%) and during (77.2%) admission to ICU were in the respiratory system. The 28-day mortality was 78 (61.4%). While the maximum procalcitonin, serum lactate, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were higher in the nonsurvivor group, the platelet and serum albumin levels were statistically significantly lower than those in the survivor group (p < 0.05). Acute respiratory failure (ARF), the presence of septic shock, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), BUN level, and low platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significant in the final multiple-variable model. Significant predictors of mortality in patients with rheumatic diseases may include ARF, septic shock, the need for IMV, and high BUN and low PLR levels.

Platelet-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in inflammatory bowel disease and disease activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This review aimed to examine if the platelet-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio can be useful in determining disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies published up to 9 January 2023. Platelet-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio values from active and remission inflammatory bowel disease cases were compared to generate a mean difference (MD). Nine studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that inflammatory bowel disease patients with active disease had significantly higher values of platelet-lymphocyte ratio as compared to those in remission (MD: 63.46 95% CI: 35.74, 91.17, I2 = 89%). The values of platelet-lymphocyte ratio were significantly higher in both active ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients. Meta-analysis also showed that lymphocyte-monocyte ratio values were significantly lower in active inflammatory bowel disease patients as compared to those under remission (MD: -1.28 95% CI: -1.42, -1.14, I2 = 4%). Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio values were significantly lower in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients with active disease. Platelet-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio can be useful blood-based markers in differentiating active disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Active cases of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have high platelet-lymphocyte ratio and low lymphocyte-monocyte ratio as compared to those in remission. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to strengthen conclusions.

Use of PLR and NLR to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with lobaplatin in triple-negative breast cancer.

594 Background: Previously, we showed that addition of lobaplatin (L) to taxane (T) combined with anthracycline (E) could improve the pathological complete response (pCR) rate of neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and lengthen long-term survival significantly, but the therapeutic markers of this regimen are not known. We investigated if the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be used to predict the efficacy of the TEL regimen. Methods: Eighty-three patients with TNBC (stage I–III) who received TEL (docetaxel (T) at 75 mg/m2, epirubicin (E) at 80 mg/m2, and lobaplatin (L) at 30 mg/m2) from January 2014 to August 2019 were recruited. They received four cycles before surgery and two cycles after surgery. Patients were divided into four groups according to the mean values of the PLR (145.71) and NLR (2.74): high PLR (PLR+), low PLR (PLR−), high NLR (NLR+), and low NLR (NLR−). Differences in the total pathologic complete response (tpCR) rate, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in different groups of patients using the TEL protocol. Results: The tpCR rate in the PLR− group was 49.0% (25/51), which was significantly higher than that in the PLR+ group (25.0% (8/32); odds ratio (OR) = 2.885, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.093–7.612, P = 0.032). The tpCR rate in the NLR− group was 49.1% (26/53), which was significantly higher than that in the NLR+ group (23.3% (7/30); OR = 3.164, 95% CI = 1.161–8.626, P = 0.024). The tpCR rate of the PLR−NLR− group was 53.7% (22/41), which was significantly higher than that of the PLR+/NLR+ group (26.1% (11/42), with a high proportion of any index (OR = 3.263, 95% CI = 1.298–8.204, P = 0.012). The median duration of follow-up was 69 months. EFS and OS in the NLR− group were significantly longer than those in the NLR+ group (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.946, 95% CI = 1.526–23.169, P = 0.010 for EFS; HR = 7.803, 95% CI = 1.565–38.907, P = 0.012 for OS). Five-year EFS was 95.1% for the PLR−NLR− group, 91.0% for the PLR+NLR− group, 76.0 for the PLR+NLR+ group, and 59.1% for the PLR−NLR+ group. Compared with the PLR+/NLR+ group, patients in the PLR-NLR- group had the longest EFS (P = 0.002). Conclusions: PLR and NLR could be used to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with taxane, anthracycline, and lobaplatin regimen in TNBC, and the low-proportion group had a higher tpCR rate and a better long-term prognosis. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR-TRC-14005019 .

Real world prognostic utility of body mass index and platelet lymphocyte ratio in first-line immunotherapy response in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer.

e21092 Background: Meta-analyses show that increasing body mass index (BMI) may be associated with improved overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) compared to those with lower BMIs in patients receiving immunotherapy (IO). Pretreatment elevated platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been attributed to inferior PFS and OS in patients receiving IO. Our study evaluated real world data of Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving first line (1L) treatment regimens involving immunotherapy while evaluating prognostic utility of BMI and PLR. Methods: Of the patients treated at USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and LAC+USC Medical Center from 2015-2022, we looked at 75 Stage IV patients without EGFR, ALK, ROS1 mutations who received 1L IO therapy. Primary outcomes included PFS and OS from time of IO with a particular interest for patients with pre-treatment BMI &lt; 22 and PLR &gt; 180. Patients with previous IO exposure were excluded. Kaplan-Meier analysis using log-rank test was performed to evaluate for OS. Multivariate Cox proportion hazards regression was used for multivariate analysis of OS. Results: The median age at start of IO was 67.5 years with 49 (65.3%) males. 24 (32.0%) had BMI &lt; 22. 40/70 (57.7%) had PLR &gt; 180 at the start of 1L IO. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histology 50 (66.7%). 22 (29.3%) had PD-L1 &gt; TPS 50% and 20 (26.7%) had PD-L1 TPS 1-49%. Pembrolizumab was the most common IO used 60/75 (80%) and 43/75 (57.3%) received chemotherapy with IO. Patients with a BMI &lt; 22 had an inferior OS (BMI &lt; 22: 13.1 vs. BMI &gt; 28: 37.4 months (mos), p-value = 0.0420) with a trend towards worse PFS (BMI &lt; 22: 6.2 mos vs. BMI &gt; 28: 16 mos, p = 0.1702). Patients with PLR &gt; 180 had an inferior PFS (4.4 vs. 11.1 mos, p-value = 0.025) and OS (8.3 vs. 23.0 mos, p-value = 0.0277). A composite of BMI &lt; 22 and PLR &gt; 180 had the worst OS (p-value = 0.0385) with a trend towards worse PFS (p-value = 0.1702). (Table 1) Multivariate analysis for OS controlling for age, smoking, gender, PD-L1 TPS, and histology showed that BMI (HR: 0.8739, 95% CI: 0.7966-0.9492) and PLR &gt; 180 (HR: 2.286, 95% CI: 1.102-4.916) were significant for higher mortality risk. Conclusions: Patients with a composite profile of BMI &lt; 22 and PLR &gt; 180 had a significantly worse OS. This highlights the importance for pre-treatment screening for low BMI and high PLR to help provide additional supportive care in these patients prior to IO therapy. [Table: see text]