High-pass Finite Impulse Response Filters Research Articles

Optimal High Pass FIR Filter Based on Adaptive Systematic Cuckoo Search Algorithm

Abstract This paper presents the design of a desired linear phase digital Finite Impulse Response (FIR) High Pass (HP) filter based on Adaptive Systematic Cuckoo Search Algorithm (ACSA). The deviation, or error from the desired response, is assessed along with the stop-band and pass-band attenuation of the filter. The Cuckoo Search algorithm (CS) is used to avoid local minima because the error surface is typically non-differentiable, nonlinear, and multimodal. The ACSA is applied to the minimax criterion (L∞-norm) based error fitness function, which offers a better equiripple response for passband and stopband, high stopband attenuation, and rapid convergence for the developed optimal HP FIR filter algorithm. The simulation findings demonstrate that when compared to the Parks McClellan (PM), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), CRazy Particle Swarm Optimization (CRPSO), and Cuckoo Search algorithms, the proposed HP FIR filter employing ACSA leads to better solutions.

Comparative analysis of a high pass Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter designed and simulated by window methods

The design of digital filters is a deceptively complex topic. Although filters are easily understood and calculated, the practical challenges of their design and implementation are significant and are the subject of much advanced research. In this research paper, a high pass FIR filter is designed and simulated using Gaussian, Taylor and Hanning windows. The three windows are compared on the basis of their magnitude responses, step responses, impulse responses and phase responses and the results are presented. The comparative result shows that the proposed design of Taylor window is the most efficient of the three windows. Keywords: High Pass Filter, Window Method, Gaussian Method, Impulse response

Design of Minimum-Phase FIR Filter: An Evolutionary Approach

In this communication, one novel attempt has been made towards the design of minimum-phase finite impulse response (FIR) filter using one evolutionary computation technique, named differential evolution (DE) algorithm. Mean square error (MSE) between the frequency samples of the ideal filter and the designed filter in the pass-band and stop-band region and the minimum average error (MAE) between the frequency samples in the transition-band region had been considered for the formulation of the objective function in the optimization process. Performance of the optimization technique has been monitored in terms of convergence characteristics for four different orders of FIR filter under consideration. Robustness of our proposition has been firmly established in the sense that the proposed algorithm can be suitably tuned for the design of low-pass, high-pass or band-pass FIR filter of different specifications. Supremacy of the proposed algorithm over other existing techniques for the design of minimum-phase FIR filter has been substantiated by means of frequency response and pole-zero diagrams.

Design of Linear Phase High Pass FIR Filter using Weight Improved Particle Swarm Optimization

The design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter involves multi-parameter optimization, while the traditional gradient-based methods are not effective enough for precise design. The aim of this paper is to present a method of designing 24th order high pass FIR filter using an evolutionary heuristic search technique called Weight Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (WIPSO). A new function of the weight parameters is constructed for obtaining a better optimal solution with faster computation. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with two other search optimization algorithms namely standard Genetic Algorithm (GA) and conventional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The simulation results show that the proposed WIPSO algorithm is better than GA and PSO in terms of the magnitude response accuracy and the convergence speed for the design of 24th order high pass FIR filter.

An FIR Filter Using Segmented Photodiodes for Silicon Photodiode Equalization

This letter presents a finite-impulse response (FIR) filter implemented using segmented photodiodes, which provides a bandwidth enhancement or a partial frequency response equalization for a silicon photodiode. The FIR filter utilizes an $LC$ ladder network for its delay cells, where each segmented photodiode constitutes the ladder network. The measurement results show that the three-tap high-pass FIR filter incorporating segmented photodiodes designed for maximum bandwidth equalization achieves a bandwidth improvement of 7.4 times compared with that of a photodiode without segmentation and filtering. The upper bound of the equalization frequency of the three-tap high-pass FIR filter designed in this letter for maximum peaking frequency equalization is 14 times of the photodiode bandwidth.

Digital FIR filter design using fitness based hybrid adaptive differential evolution with particle swarm optimization

This paper presents an efficient way of designing linear phase finite impulse response (FIR) low pass and high pass filters using a novel algorithm ADEPSO. ADEPSO is hybrid of fitness based adaptive differential evolution (ADE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). DE is a simple and robust evolutionary algorithm but sometimes causes instability problem; PSO is also a simple, population based robust evolutionary algorithm but has the problem of sub-optimality. ADEPSO has overcome the above individual disadvantages faced by both the algorithms and is used for the design of linear phase low pass and high pass FIR filters. The simulation results show that the ADEPSO outperforms PSO, ADE, and DE in combination with PSO not only in magnitude response but also in the convergence speed and thus proves itself to be a promising candidate for designing the FIR filters.

Perfect Decomposition Narrow-Band FIR Filter Banks

This brief introduces perfect decomposition filter banks based on narrow-band linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters. They consist of inner and lateral FIR filters. The inner filters are optimal equiripple narrow-bandpass FIR filters based on isoextremal polynomials. The inner filters are supplemented by lateral narrow-band low- and high-pass FIR filters. The concept of such isoextremal polynomials of this kind enables flexibility in the resulting frequency response of the filter bank. The filter banks presented here are made under the constraint of the resulting frequency response with a constant value for all frequencies.

High-pass-filtered magnetocardiogram and cardiomyopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Prolonged and/or fractionated depolarization due to tissue degeneration of the ventricular myocardium is a feature of cardiomyopathy. Signal averaged electrocardiography uses high-pass filters of the Butterworth type to quantify, noninvasively, fractionated high-frequency components at the end of the QRS complex. In this study a finite impulse response high-pass filter of the 90th order (cutoff at 37 Hz) was applied to magnetocardiograms (MCGs) and high-resolution electrocardiograms (ECGs) order to quantify high-frequency components throughout the myocardial depolarization. Additionally, late-potential analysis on the signal-averaged ECG was performed. A prospective investigation was made of 23 cardiologically asymptomatic patients, 11 females and 12 males, with type I diabetes mellitus. Their mean age was 21.7 years (range, 13–34 years). The mean duration of diabetes was 14 years (range, 1–27 years). Data were compared with those of 22 control subjects (12 females, 10 males) of mean age, 23.2 years (range, 11–35 years). The ECGs and MCGs were simultaneously recorded and signal-averaged, digitally filtered, and quantified by a score obtained by multiplying the amplitude variation of the signal by the number of maximal/minimal in the QRS complex. Echocardiograms were used to calculate the left ventricular mass and to document the presence of cardiomyopathy. Scores were higher in the MCGs of with type I diabetes mellitus than in the control subjects ( P < .001). High scores correlated with an increased left ventricular muscular mass index ( P < .05) and duration of the diabetes ( P < .05). The high-resolution ECG, processed analogously, showed similar results in relation to left ventricular mass ( P = .06) and duration of diabetes ( P = .07), respectively (nonsignificant). No late potentials were found. These findings suggest that using a linear-phase high-pass finite impulse response filter may be useful for the noninvasive identification of patients with cardiomyopathy who exhibit possible disturbances of intraventricular depolarization. Our findings also suggest that analysis using the total QRS complex, rather than the final part of the QRS complex only, may improve identification of patients at risk.