Highest Levels Of Total Fatty Acids Research Articles

Chemical properties indices for nutritional quality evaluation of Nasser Lake fish, Aswan, Egypt.

Fish is considered an important food because it includes main nutrients (proteins, fats, and ash) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). The assessment of fish nutritional content data may offer crucial recommendations regarding freshwater fish consumption and preserving human well-being. Evaluate the safety and quality properties of Nasser Lake fish, Aswan, Egypt. A total of 250 samples, 50 of each Nile tilapia, Nile perch, Zander, Catfish, and Elephant-snout, from Nasser Lake, Aswan, Egypt; beheaded, eviscerated, filleted, and minced for determination of proximate analysis, amino acid, fatty acids (FAs), minerals and heavy metal, histamine content, cholesterol content, and sensory assessment. The proximate analysis showed that all the samples examined were of good protein sources, with mean values ranging from 15.92% to 22.89%. Nile perch exhibits the highest levels of total FAs and amino acids. Heavy metal concentrations varied considerably among the analyzed samples, with a significant variance in the detection of metals among the examined fish. The findings show low histamine and cholesterol levels in the examined species, and were in accordance with those set by the National Food Safety Authority (NFSA) and the European Union Commission (EC). Accordingly, all samples are accepted based on their sensory properties. Nasser Lake fish are of high nutritional value and have an excellent supply of amino and FAs.

Fatty acid composition of 21 cultivars of Chinese jujube fruits (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

Fatty acids (FAs) have important functions in the human body, and nutritional sources of rare FAs are of special interest. Here, we investigated the distribution of FAs in 21 different cultivars of Chinese jujube by conversion to FA methyl esters (FAMEs). All the tested jujube samples were harvested from one orchard with the same management. A total of 24 different FAs were found in 21 jujube cultivars, including both saturated and unsaturated FAs. Most of Chinese jujube cultivars contained high levels of total FAs, with a significant positive correlation for unsaturated FAs. Notably, we found a balanced content of essential omega-3 and omega-6 FAs, indicating that the Chinese jujubes have high nutritional value. However, the FA composition and content was significantly different among different cultivars. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were conducted and most groups were separated clearly, which showed that FAs can be used to classify and differentiate the studied cultivars.

Evaluating causal associations between chronotype and fatty acids and between fatty acids and type 2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study

Background and aimsPreference for activity in the morning or evening (chronotype) may impact type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk factors. Our objective was to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate whether there are causal links between chronotype and one potential T2D risk factor, total fatty acids (TOTFA), and between TOTFA and T2D. Methods and resultsWe estimated the causal effect of: 1) morning chronotype on TOTFA; and 2) higher TOTFA on T2D. We found that: a) morning compared to evening chronotype was associated with lower TOTFA levels (inverse-weighted variance (IVW) estimate −0.21; 95% CI −0.38, −0.03; raw P = 0.02; FDR-corrected P 0.04) and b) elevated TOTFA levels were protective against T2D (IVW estimate −0.23; 95% CI −0.41, −0.05; raw P = 0.01; FDR-corrected P = 0.03). Based on this finding, we further hypothesized that healthy fats would show a similar pattern and performed MR of a) morning chronotype on omega-3 (Omega-3), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids; and b) MR of each of these fat types on T2D. We observed the same mediating-type pattern for chronotype, MUFA, and T2D as we had for chronotype, TOTFA, and T2D, and morning chronotype was associated with lower Omega-3. ConclusionOur findings provide suggestive, new information about relationships among chronotype, TOTFA, and T2D and about chronotype as a factor influencing Omega-3, MUFA, and TOTFA levels. In addition, we validated previous knowledge about MUFA and T2D. Morning chronotypes may predispose towards lower levels of TOTFA and some healthy fats, whereas higher levels of TOTFA and MUFA may protect against T2D.

Plasticity and remodelling of lipids support acclimation potential in two species of low-intertidal macroalgae, Fucus serratus (Phaeophyceae) and Palmaria palmata (Rhodophyta)

This study aimed to investigate the seasonal changes in the lipid and pigment profiles of two macroalgae, Fucus serratus (Phaeophyceae) and Palmaria palmata (Rhodophyta). The two species displayed distinct differential seasonal patterns of lipid partitioning when collected from their natural habitat at times when species-specific maxima and minima in total fatty acids (TFA) concentrations occurred. F. serratus contained highest levels of TFA (40.07mgg−1DW) and triacylglycerols (TAG) (26.83mgg−1DW) during summer (July), in association with lowest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 30.2% of TFA) and pigments (1.44mgg−1DW chlorophyll a). In P. palmata, high levels of TFA (13.00mgg−1DW) were observed during spring (May), with high levels of polar lipids (10.00mgg−1DW) rich in PUFA (52.3% of TFA), and high levels of pigments (1.25mgg−1DW chlorophyll a and 10.88mgg−1DW phycoerythrin). The results suggest that summer-acclimated F. serratus diverted excess energy into storage lipids (TAG), while P. palmata was more sensitive and susceptible to degradation of its chloroplast membranes, resulting in a decrease in TFA, PUFA-rich polar lipids and pigments, and a release of FFA. The ability to accumulate TAG may be a key factor allowing acclimation to environmental stressors for F. serratus, a species with broader vertical distribution than P. palmata which is restricted to low-intertidal and upper subtidal shores in western Ireland.