High Level Of Practice Research Articles

Digital Citizenship Practices and Implementation of Learning Modalities in the Higher Education Institutions under the New Normal in General Santos City

While the shift to technology-mediated learning in higher education has been widely documented, less is known about the interplay between digital citizenship practices within institutions, particularly in Mindanao. One of the means to address this gap is by investigating the relationship between these two factors within higher education institutions in General Santos City. While some argue that technological infrastructure and pedagogical innovation are sufficient for effective online and blended learning, this study posits that a strong foundation of digital citizenship is essential for maximizing the benefits of these modalities. Specifically, the research examined four key elements of digital citizenship: digital identity, digital netiquette, digital footprint, and digital privacy, alongside the implementation of learning modalities across curriculum development, supervision of instruction, faculty development, and research and extension services. Data were collected through a structural survey questionnaire. Findings revealed a high level of digital citizenship practices and a very satisfactory implementation of learning modalities. The data indicate that students and teachers alike are well-versed in digital ethics, demonstrating awareness of online safety protocols and responsible internet behaviors. This strong foundation in digital citizenship can be leveraged to develop further the critical thinking and information literacy skills required for navigating the digital landscape of the 21st century. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was observed between these two factors across all domains. This suggests that strong digital citizenship within HEIs contributes to a more effective adaptation to a technology-driven educational environment.

Literacy in the Scope of Radiation Protection for Healthcare Professionals Exposed to Ionizing Radiation: A Systematic Review.

Background: The use of radiation is important in different medical procedures, and to ensure a high level of good medical practice, radiation protection (RP) should be seen as a very important subject. This review shows information about the knowledge in the scope of radiation protection among healthcare professionals exposed to ionizing radiation. There are not many studies that evaluate the radiation exposure of healthcare professionals. Methods: A systematic search was performed, using PRISMA guidelines, in Pubmed and Scopus databases and manually to identify relevant articles to answer the PICOS question, "Is there an adequate level of literacy in the scope of radiation protection among healthcare professionals exposed to ionizing radiation?". This systematic review included cross-sectional studies with the following inclusion criteria: (i) in Portuguese, Spanish, or English; (ii) about literacy in the scope of radiation protection; (iii) published between 2017 and 2024; and (iv) participants must be dentists, radiographers, doctors, and nurses. The JBI critical assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Results: The search identified 566 potentially relevant references, which, after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, resulted in 12 articles. Studies found that the overall knowledge of these healthcare workers was unsatisfactory, and a lack of knowledge in radiation protection negatively affects health services' quality. Training is essential and must emphasize how radiation exposure can be minimized, safeguarding health professionals' trust and sense of security. Results showed that more years of experience make workers more attentive to protection measures, suggesting that training strategies focused on basic radiological risks and radiation safety are needed. Conclusions: Key findings recommend implementing a standardized national training program on the basic principles and safety of ionizing radiation for all healthcare professionals.

Development of Augmented Reality Teaching Modules on Material Understanding Human Respiratory Organs Class V Elementary School

This research is a form of investigative research and development (R&D). This research uses the ADDIE research model, which includes five different stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This study involved fifth grade students at SD Negeri 7 Muara Telang. Data collection methods used include interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Validity analysis and practicality analysis. The validation analysis procedures were assessed by three experts, namely material experts, media experts, and language experts. The average level of validity was determined to be 92.66%, indicating a high level of validity. The practicality analysis procedure was evaluated by carrying out individual tests on 3 students at the initial stage, followed by small group tests involving 8 students. The test results gave an average score of 92.08%, which shows a high level of practicality. As a result, it can be concluded that the augmented reality teaching module, which focuses on teaching fifth grade students about the introduction of human respiratory organs, is very valid and practical, making it suitable for use in the classroom.

Recognizing the ideal patterns of strategic flexibility, IT strategy and business performance: a cluster analysis approach

PurposeIn spite of intensive research that explained the strategic flexibility-performance and information technology (IT) strategy-performance relationships, there is a little insight regarding how these notions ideally affect business performance. Accordingly, this study attempts to investigate how businesses can translate IT directions and strategic practices into actual increases in business performance. More precisely, the primary purpose of this paper is to explore the influential role of strategic flexibility and IT strategy on business performance considering balanced scorecard (BSC) dimensions in the context of the tourism industry.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical investigation of 331 tourism businesses was performed to explore the relationship between strategic flexibility, IT strategy and business performance. A non-probability convenience sampling was applied to select the sample. Factor analysis, descriptive statistics and cluster analysis were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe findings include the clustering of the studied businesses in terms of strategic flexibility and IT strategy. A cluster analysis based on strategic flexibility indicates that businesses can be divided into four main clusters, and based on IT strategy, they can be classified in three main clusters. The results show that businesses with a high level of strategic flexibility and a high level of IT strategic practices have high performance. More importantly, it was known that proactiveness and strategic use of IT have more predictor role on performance.Originality/valueA review of the strategic management literature reveals a lack of empirical studies that adequately explore the significant roles of strategic flexibility and IT strategy on business performance in the tourism industry. This paper provides actionable insights into these two main determinants that explain why some tourism businesses outperform others. The primary contribution of this study is to address the gap in our understanding of the interconnections between strategic flexibility, IT strategy and business performance through cluster analysis in the tourism industry.

Curriculum Mapping Practices of Teachers as Determinants of their Collective Efficacy in Public Elementary Schools

This study aimed to explore how teachers' curriculum mapping practices relate to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools within Tugbok District, Davao City. The study used the non- experimental quantitative research design utilizing correlational method. The respondents of this study composed of 107 teachers using a universal sampling. The statistical tools used were Mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient Correlation or Pearson r and Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that the teachers achieved a high level on curriculum mapping practices. Meanwhile teachers established a high level in collective efficacy in public elementary schools. There was a significant relationship between curriculum mapping practices of teachers and their collective efficacy in public elementary schools. The domains of curriculum mapping practices of teachers were significantly influenced to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools. It is articulated in this study that collective efficacy of teachers in public elementary schools should be raised in a very high level. It was concluded that the high level of curriculum mapping practices of teachers would also increase to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools.

Pengembangan E- Modul Emolien Berbasis Adobe Flash CS6 pada Materi SPLDV

This research is a research and development (R&D) to develop a learning media as an e-module accessible via smartphones. It contains SPLDV materials for grade VIII students at Stella Matutina Junior High School. The purpose is to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, and practicality of the EMOLIEN e-module. SPLDV is a fundamental subject at the junior high school level, and students often face difficulties in answering SPLDV questions. The EMOLIEN e-module was developed using Adobe Flash CS6 software, following the ADDIE development model, which comprises the analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. This research was implemented on March 4, 2024, in the even semester of the 2023/2024 school year at Stella Matutina Junior High School. Data was collected through media and material validation sheets, student response questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, as well as pretest and posttest. The study results demonstrate that the EMOLIEN e-module was developed according to the ADDIE procedure and obtained a validity test of EMOLIEN learning media, with 91% of material experts and 98% of media experts indicating very feasible (valid) results. The results of the student response questionnaire were 82%, while the teacher response questionnaire was 82%, indicating a high level of practice. The effectiveness results were evidenced by the increase in the average pretest score on the posttest score from 30.5 to 52.25 and strengthened by the Asymp results. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, indicating effectiveness. In conclusion, this EMOLIEN e-module meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.

C-H Labeling with [18F]Fluoride: An Emerging Methodology in Radiochemistry.

Fluorine-18 is the most routinely employed radioisotope for positron emission tomography, a dynamic nuclear imaging modality. The radiolabeling of C-H bonds is an attractive method for installing fluorine-18 into organic molecules since it can preclude the cumbersome prefunctionalization of requisite precursors. Although electrophilic "F+" reagents (e.g., [18F]F2) are effective for C-H radiolabeling, state-of-the-art methodologies predominantly leverage high molar activity nucleophilic [18F]fluoride sources (e.g., [18F]KF) with substantial (pre)clinical advantages. Reflecting this, multiple nucleophilic C-H radiolabeling techniques of high utility have been disclosed over the past decade. However, the adoption of (pre)clinical C-H radiolabeling has been slow, and PET imaging agents are still routinely prepared via methods that, despite a high level of practicality, are limited in scope (e.g., SNAr, SN2 radiofluorinations). By addressing the drawbacks inherent to these strategies, C-H radiofluorination and radiofluoroalkylation carry the potential to complement and supersede state-of-the-art labeling methods, facilitating the expedited production of PET agents used in disease staging and drug development. In this Outlook, we showcase recent C-H labeling developments with fluorine-18 and discuss the merits, potential, and barriers to adoption in (pre)clinical settings. In addition, we highlight trends, challenges, and directions in this emerging field of study.

Teachers’ Knowledge, Behavior, Attitude and Practices on Pillars of Financial Literacy Across Opol East District

The study examines the financial literacy of teachers in the Opol East District, focusing on their knowledge, behavior, attitude, and practices related to financial management. The research involved 262 respondents, using an adapted questionnaire and universal sampling technique. The study aimed to assess the respondents' level of financial literacy across key pillars like spending, earning, saving, budgeting, donating, investing, and protecting. It also sought to identify significant relationships between their knowledge, behavior, and practices, and to explore differences based on demographic factors such as age and civil status. The findings revealed that the respondents generally possess a very high level of financial knowledge, behavior, attitude, and practices. There was a significant relationship between the respondents' knowledge, behavior, and attitude, and their financial practices. However, differences in knowledge were observed based on age and civil status, while behavior and attitude showed no significant differences when grouped by these factors. The study recommends that teachers pursue advanced degrees and certifications to enhance their career prospects and remain competitive in the evolving educational landscape. These qualifications can help them improve their financial literacy and, in turn, their financial stability and career advancement.

Knowledge, Preparedness, and Practices of Lanna People for Earthquake-Resistant Housing in Active Fault Zones of Northern Thailand

An earthquake shakes the earth’s surface, causing structural damage to buildings, houses, bridges, and highways. Analyzing the earthquake resistance of buildings and Lanna traditional houses in Northern Thailand's active fault zones can mitigate these consequences. This study aimed to: 1) assess the earthquake resistance of buildings and Lanna traditional houses in these zones, and 2) examine the knowledge, preparedness, and practices of Lanna people regarding earthquake-resistant housing. The results revealed that 1.80% of buildings and Lanna traditional houses were not strong enough to withstand earthquakes. However, Lanna people in active fault zones demonstrated a high level of knowledge, preparedness, and practice in earthquake-resistant housing. Lanna traditional houses often use locally available materials like wood, leaves, stone, and bamboo, which are flexible and resilient during earthquakes. These materials are more sustainable than modern construction materials due to their lower environmental impact and cost-effectiveness. Engineers play a crucial role in ensuring homes are earthquake-resistant while preserving the cultural and historical essence of Lanna Thai architecture. By integrating modern engineering practices with traditional design elements, they create homes that are both safe and culturally significant.

ESG practices disclosure and initial performance of Malaysian IPOS

Companies’ decision to go public is risky because of the high uncertainty level from the companies’ unknown history prior to their listing. Recent studies in the Malaysian market reported the declining trend of companies’ initial performance, relating it to investors’ current demand for higher information transparency that can reflect companies’ sustainable evolution as a means to attract their demand in subscribing newly issued shares. Thus, this study aims to investigate the impact of disclosing ESG practices on companies’ initial performance. Using a linear regression with maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, this study examines 171 initial public offerings (IPOs) issued in the Malaysian market from 2015 to 2023. By using two ways of measuring companies’ initial performance (offer-to-open and offer-to-close), the findings show that higher information disclosure on ESG practices will only be reflective and positively affect companies’ performance by the end of the day. Further examination of individual ESG pillars indicates that environmental disclosures negatively influence companies’ initial performance, while social and governance disclosures positively influence companies’ initial performance. A large investment in maintaining a high level of environmental practice can be costly, negatively influencing companies’ performances. Higher social and governance disclosure attracts socially conscious investors and reflects good internal governance, increasing demand for the companies’ shares during the IPO and positively influencing companies’ performances. This study contributes to the growing literature concerning ESG and post-IPO performances specific to the Malaysian market and proposes recommendations on the importance of disclosing ESG practices prior to their IPO. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge that this article is part of a research project funded by Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) for the MyRA Grant Scheme, file no: 600-RMC 5/3/GPM (118/2022).

Coach-Style Management Practices of School Heads in Relation to Human Competence of Classroom Managers in Public Elementary Schools

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the coach-style management practices of school heads and human competence of classroom managers in public elementary schools of Tugbok District, Division of Davao City. The study used the non- experimental quantitative research design utilizing correlational method. The respondents of this study composed of 107 teachers using a universal sampling. The statistical tools used were Mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient Correlation or Pearson r and Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that the school heads achieved a high level on coach-style management practices. Meanwhile classroom managers established a high level in human competence in public elementary schools. There was a significant relationship between coach-style management practices of school heads and human competence of classroom managers in public elementary schools. The domains of coach-style management practices of school heads were significantly influenced to human competence of classroom managers in public elementary schools. It is articulated in this study that human competence of classroom managers in public elementary schools should be raised in a very high level. It was concluded that the high level of coach-style management practices of school heads would also increase to the human competence of classroom managers in public elementary schools.

Parcel-Based Sugarcane Mapping Using Smoothed Sentinel-1 Time Series Data

The timely and accurate mapping of sugarcane cultivation is significant to ensure the sustainability of the sugarcane industry, including sugarcane production, rural society, sugar futures, and crop insurance. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), due to its all-weather and all-time imaging capability, plays an important role in mapping sugarcane cultivation in cloudy areas. However, the inherent speckle noise of SAR data worsens the “salt and pepper” effect in the sugarcane map. Therefore, in previous studies, an additional land cover map or optical image was still required. This study proposes a new application paradigm of time series SAR data for sugarcane mapping to tackle this limitation. First, the locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) smoothing technique was exploited to reconstruct time series SAR data and reduce SAR noise in the time domain. Second, temporal importance was evaluated using RF MDA ranking, and basic parcel units were obtained only based on multi-temporal SAR images with high importance values. Lastly, the parcel-based classification method, combining time series smoothing SAR data, RF classifier, and basic parcel units, was used to generate a sugarcane extent map without unreasonable sugarcane spots. The proposed paradigm was applied to map sugarcane cultivation in Suixi County, China. Results showed that the proposed paradigm was able to produce an accurate sugarcane cultivation map with an overall accuracy of 96.09% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.91. Compared with the pixel-based classification result with original time series SAR data, the new paradigm performed much better in reducing the “salt and pepper” spots and improving the completeness of the sugarcane plots. In particular, the unreasonable non-vegetation spots in the sugarcane map were eliminated. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the new paradigm for mapping sugarcane cultivation. Unlike traditional methods that rely on optical remote sensing data, the new paradigm offers a high level of practicality for mapping sugarcane in large regions. This is particularly beneficial in cloudy areas where optical remote sensing data is frequently unavailable.

Infection Prevention and Control in the Emergency Department Unit in King Khalid Hospital, Hail City, Saudi Arabia

Context: The emergency department presents unique challenges to infection control and prevention. Infection control (IC) activities include the identification of infectious disease processes, surveillance, and epidemiologic investigation, preventing/controlling the transmission of infectious agents/healthcare-associated infections, employee/occupational health, management and communication, education and research, managing the environment of care, and cleaning, sterilization, disinfection, and asepsis. Aim: Assess infection prevention and control practices in the emergency department in King Khalid Hospital, Hail City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive correlational study design was used to conduct the study in the emergency department (ED) unit at King Khalid Hospital (KKH), Hail City, Saudi Arabia. All available nurses working in the emergency department KKH at the time of data collection. A self-administered structured questionnaire was utilized to collect data in the current study. Results: 71.7% (n=76) of the participants were between 25 and 35 years old, 24.5% (n=26) were between 36-45 years old, and only 3.8% (n=4) were over 45 years old. 79.2% of the nurses reported that there is a curriculum or program for IC training for doctors and nurses, 71.7% mentioned that they have recommendations for IC training link doctors and nurses, 84.8% reported that IC issues are parts of the examination and evaluation in basic training for nurses, and there are policies and procedures elaborating infection control interventions. Besides, 82.1% of the nurses reported infection control policies and guidelines in their units, and 83% and 82.7% stated that there is a list of reportable infectious agents available in their unit and accessible to all staff, and there is an active infection control team, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, this study indicated that nurses reported a high level of infection prevention and control practices in the ED of King Khalid Hospital. There was no statistically significant association between nurses' knowledge of infection prevention and control practices and their demographic characteristics. Implementing regular training and educational programs for nurses, focusing on updating knowledge and skills in IPC practices, was recommended.

Implementation of School-Based Management of School Administrators and Teachers-Directed Instructional Practices in Selected Public Schools in Rizal

This study investigates the level of implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) practices among school administrators and evaluates the instructional practices of teachers. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from interviews. The respondents included school administrators and teachers from various educational institutions. The study's findings reveal that the implementation of SBM practices is highly effective, with curriculum and instructional management, human resource management, financial planning and budgeting, facilities management, and community engagement all being rated as highly implemented. The overall mean score for SBM implementation was 3.688, indicating a strong adherence to SBM principles across the board. The highest-rated individual practices included the provision of professional development opportunities, efficient financial resource allocation, and the establishment of clear safety protocols. In assessing instructional practices, teachers reported a high level of practice in areas such as dissemination of content, procedural instruction, practice and repetition, teacher monitoring and assistance, and focus on procedural fluency. The overall mean score for instructional practices was 3.608, highlighting a generally effective teaching environment. However, performance orientation was identified as an area needing improvement, with a mean score of 3.380. The study also explored differences in SBM implementation and instructional practices based on demographic variables such as sex, age, years in service, and highest educational attainment. The results indicated no significant differences in SBM implementation across these variables, suggesting consistent application of SBM practices. However, there were notable differences in instructional practices based on years in service and highest educational attainment, with less experienced teachers and those with bachelor's degrees placing greater emphasis on procedural fluency. The study concludes with a comprehensive SBM Educational Model designed to enhance school management and instructional practices. The model integrates the highest-ranked indicators from the study, emphasizing continuous improvement, professional development, community engagement, and effective resource management. This model provides a structured framework for schools to implement SBM practices more effectively, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes for students.

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of Selected Airline Companies: Inputs for a Sustainable Aviation Service

This paper tries to identify the strategic corporate social responsibility of selected airline companies to ascertain inputs for the creation of a sustainable service delivery, by looking at the implementation level of its corporate social responsibility in the environmental, philanthropic, economic and ethical areas. The study shows that in terms of environmental responsibility, waste segregation has the highest level of practice, while carbon footprint reduction is the lowest. Philanthropic activities participated in by employees is the most frequently practiced among other philanthropic responsibility initiatives, while the provision of scholarship grants is the least practiced. For economic responsibility, the recruitment of diverse talent received the highest mean score indicating it as the most practiced activity, while financial management strategy practices is the most challenged. As far as ethical responsibility is concerned, the practice of honesty is prevalent, while direct stakeholder involvement in planning the manual of ethical operations is almost none. The study also explored whether there was a significant difference in the assessment of CSR strategies between the two groups of respondents. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in the assessments of employees and passengers in terms of environmental, philanthropic, economic, and ethical responsibilities in comparison to management administrators. Moreover, the challenges encountered in the implementation of CSR strategies were identified and ranked, providing insights into the perceived difficulties faced by airline companies in implementing CSR strategies. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations for responding to the challenges of implementing CSR strategies were proposed. These recommendations include additional signage for environmental awareness, ensuring the sustainability of philanthropic activities, crafting financial measures to address constraints, and ensuring sustainable implementation of its manual of operation. The findings and recommendations provides inputs to for a sustainable service delivery and promoting responsible business practices in the airline industry.

Determine the Level of Using Management by Objectives Method in Hospitals Ali Al-Ruwaie

Background: Background: Management by objectives has a greater role for employees in setting goals, positively affecting their performance and commitment to the hospital. It provides each employee with a clear set of tasks to help achieve them. Objectives: To evaluate the extent to which the management method of objectives and feedback is being utilized in Dr. Ali Al-Ruwaie Hospital for Psychiatric and Mental Diseases. Additionally, the study aims to determine the level of trust and participation between the hospital's management and subordinates. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a random sample in Dr. Ali Al-Ruwaie Hospital for Psychiatric and Mental Diseases, Benghazi-Libya, and the number of employees was 115. We used a two-part questionnaire to collect data: Part I: Asking the physician's demographic characteristics (gender, age, qualifications, years of experience, education level...etc.). The second part: using the method of management by objectives in the hospital, perceptions, trust and participation between the boss and subordinates, feedback between the boss and subordinates, and commitment of subordinates in achieving goals. Results: A total of 99 employees were recruited to assess the level of using the management by goals method in Dr. Ali Al-Ruwaie Hospital. The arithmetic averages ranged between 3.06 to 4.72, with a general arithmetic mean of 3.94, indicating a high level of practice in the hospital. The dimension of "commitment of subordinates to achieving the goal" ranked first with an arithmetic mean of 4.725 and a standard deviation of 0.752, showing a high level of use. The trust dimension between the subordinate chief came in second with an arithmetic mean of 4.308 and a standard deviation of 0.646, also indicating a high level of use. The sharing between the boss and the subordinate ranked third with an arithmetic mean of 3.716, a standard deviation of 0.610, and an average level of use. Lastly, the feedback dimension ranked fourth with an arithmetic mean of 3.066 and a standard deviation of 0.587, also showing an average level of use. Conclusion: To improve the quality of management in hospitals and increase production efficiency in various service units, it is recommended to implement the management by objectives method. This modern scientific method has proven to yield positive results for all parties involved and will help improve the standards of citizens.

Talent Management and its Effect on Employee Engagement: A Field Study on Islamic Banks Operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, Yemen

This study aimed to identify the impact of talent management (TM) on employee engagement (EE) in Islamic banks operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a, Yemen. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method and developed a questionnaire as the study instrument. The study population consisted of 1024 workers in Islamic banks in Sana’a, and the sample size was 280 individuals selected by using disproportionate stratified random sampling. Out of 280 distributed questionnaires, 276 were valid for statistical analysis via SPSS (V. 25). The results revealed that TM is practiced at a high level in the surveyed banks through all its dimensions. EE is also practiced at a high level in the surveyed banks, with vigor and dedication being higher than absorption. Results also indicated that TM has a significant positive impact on EE in the surveyed Islamic banks, except for talent retention, which has no significant effect. Based on these findings, it was recommended that Islamic banks should maintain and enhance the high level of practice of EE among their employees, focusing on the factors that foster EE. Furthermore, the aforementioned banks should pay more attention to TM practices and provide the necessary means to attract, develop, and retain talented workers.

Polygamy in Mormonism: History, Conflicting Doctrines, and Contemporary Perspectives

Polygamy is considered the most sacred and crucial doctrine in Mormon belief, revealed to the founding prophet of Mormonism for dissemination to humanity on Earth. In practice, polygamy has reached remarkably high levels, sparking controversy since the 18th century and engendering conflicts between the Mormon Church and the governments of the regions where they reside, causing disadvantages for Mormon followers settled in those areas. This article provides a detailed examination of the practice of polygamy within the Mormon Christian doctrine, deemed the most sacred tenet in their faith. Employing a qualitative approach, the research analyzes literature using a historical method to explore the history of polygamy in Mormon teachings. Additionally, an in-depth analysis is conducted to comprehend the definition, legal basis, conditions, and purposes of polygamous practices within the Mormon community. The research findings indicate a high population level of polygamous practices in the early 18th century, where one man could have dozens of wives. Despite being prohibited in the 19th century, Mormon adherents vehemently maintain this practice. Based on analyses from various sources, this research discovers that polygamy within the Mormon community is regarded as the highest form of marriage. This is due to the overarching goal of Mormon beliefs: to establish the Kingdom of God on Earth. The more polygamous practices, the more individuals born, seen as a contribution to fulfilling the Kingdom of God. The primary principle for engaging in polygamy is to have as many wives as possible, with the aim of liberating unborn spirits.

Assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practices of the informed consent process in oral healthcare among dental students in Makerere University Dental Hospital, Uganda

IntroductionInformed consent is an ethical and legal component of healthcare. It ensures patient autonomy and allows patients to make decisions regarding their treatment. In dental care, informed consent is particularly important because most dental procedures are invasive. Since dental students are future dentists, they need to learn about their ethical obligations and accountability through the informed consent process as this is critical to patients’ well-being. This study aimed to determine dental students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the informed consent process for oral health care in Makerere University Dental Hospital, Uganda.Study methodologyThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study using quantitative methods. It was carried out at Makerere University Dental Hospital and third, fourth, and fifth-year students (n = 102) pursuing a Bachelor of Dental Surgery program took part in the survey. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices of informed consent for oral health care. Collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1, where it was cleaned, coded, and imported to STATA version 14 software for statistical analysis.ResultsAbout two-thirds 67 (65.7%) of the participants were males. The mean age was 25 (SD = 3.21) years. The majority (90%) of the students had a high level of knowledge of the informed consent process. About (80%) had a positive attitude towards informed consent and (85%) most often practiced the informed consent process. Based on bi-variate analysis, training on informed consent, year of study, age, and sex were significantly associated with the informed consent process. However, there was no significant risk factor associated with informed consent in multiple logistic regression analysis.ConclusionThe study findings highlighted high levels of knowledge, positive attitude, and practice of the informed consent process among the clinical dental students. Continuous training is necessary to remind dental students about the importance of informed consent in healthcare, not only for complex procedures.

The developmental activities of women’s professional pathway cricketers

ABSTRACT The growth of investment in women’s cricket has led to the development of new professional pathways. However, there is lack of specific evidence to support the development of these athletes. This study aimed to take a first step in understanding the participation histories of female cricketers selected into English women’s professional academies. 84 players completed the Participation History Questionnaire (PHQ) to capture details of activities engaged in across development, including milestones, cricket activity, and engagement in other sport activities. There were relative age effects where players' birthdate distributions differed from national norms (X 2 = 8.451, p = .003, V = 0.227), and more players than expected attended independent schools (X 2 = 7.980, p = .005, V = 0.232). Participants engaged in cricket informally before coach led training, have siblings (particularly brothers) interested in cricket and often played boy’s cricket before engaging in the girl’s or women’s game. Developmental activities were characterised by early engagement, high levels of diversification, and very low levels of play compared to high levels of formal practice and match play. These findings have implications for the advancement of talent identification and development policies and processes in women’s cricket.