High Level Of Digitalization Research Articles

Trends and prospects for the development of e-commerce in the Republic of Kazakhstan

In recent years e-commerce has begun to play a significant role in the development of a market economy. Every year, its influence grows, changing the surrounding market infrastructure and people's attitude to the new conditions of digital commerce. The purpose of the article is to determine the features and prospects of the development of e-commerce in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The domestic online sales market is considered as an object of research. The paper analyzes the current state of the e-commerce market, identifies the main trends and prospects for its development. The dynamics of the development of e-commerce in the period from 2016-2022 is presented, the main factors that have a positive impact on the growth of e-commerce, such as a high level of digitalization, the development of new digital technologies in the market of non-cash payments and others are considered. The factors that have a negative impact on the domestic online sales market have been identified: underdevelopment of the logistics infrastructure, rising inflation, an insufficiently effective mechanism for regulating online commerce and consumer protection. To assess consumer behavior in regions with a less developed e-commerce market, a survey was conducted among residents of the Abai region, which allowed to determine the prospects for the development of this market. Measures have been proposed to develop the logistics infrastructure and introduce innovative delivery methods that will contribute to the growth of the industry. The results of the work can be used in the development and implementation of programs in the field of stimulating the development of the e-commerce market and improving its infrastructure.

Cloud computing in the Polish public administration: current state and development prospects

The EU's goal of digital transformation of the economy and society requires increased participation of businesses and citizens. This cannot be achieved without a high level of digitalization in public administration. The paper aims to examine the scale and determinants of cloud computing (CC) adoption in Polish public administration units from 2018 to 2021. A comparison was conducted between the level of adoption of cloud services in the public administration sector and in the enterprise sector in Poland. Next, a synthetic taxonomic measure of technology development was determined so as to assess the differentiation of cloud computing usage in the country's voivodeships. Finally, a two-way fixed effects panel data model was estimated to identify the determinants of the level of CC implementation in public administration. The results showed a wide variation in the adoption of cloud solutions between voivodeships (Polish provinces). The study found a significant correlation between the CC use in public administration and the level of economic development of individual voivodeships, as well as IT training for employees, but no correlation with the level of CC use in enterprises.

Evaluating the Impact of Low-Carbon Urban Policy on Corporate Green Innovation—Evidence from China’s National Low-Carbon City Strategy Program

Low-carbon urban policy (LCUP) and corporate green innovation are considered crucial strategies and methods for reducing urban carbon emissions, addressing climate change, and promoting urban environmental sustainability. This study constructed a quasi-natural experiment based on the low-carbon city strategy program implemented in China in 2010, utilizing data from Chinese prefecture-level cities and publicly listed companies from 2005 to 2020. Employing a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) approach, this paper reveals that the establishment of low-carbon model cities effectively fosters green innovation in corporations. Further analysis demonstrates that this promotional effect is particularly significant in non-state-owned enterprises, enterprises with high media attention, those with a high level of digitalization, and enterprises located in cities with high levels of green finance and in the Eastern and Central regions of China. These conclusions withstood a series of robustness tests, confirming their validity. Meanwhile, the examination of policy mechanisms reveals that public environmental awareness, government environmental regulation, and corporate environmental information disclosure are three key policy transmission mechanisms through which LCUP affects corporate green innovation. The findings of this study provide significant empirical insights for addressing climate change and enhancing the sustainable capacity of urban environments.

The Effect of Audit Partner Digitalization Expertise on Audit Fees

This study focuses on the effects of digitalization on the auditing industry and the impact of audit partner expertise in digitalization on audit fees. Using data from listed U.S. companies between 2016 and 2021, we document a statistically and economically significant audit fee premium for audit partners who specialize in digitalization. This premium is separate from the partner’s industry specialization and is strongest in industries with a high level of digitalization, especially during the first half of the sample period. Our subsample analysis shows that, while the premium appears to be diminishing in less digitalized industries, it remains significant in highly digitalized industries. This change may be due to the general increase in digitalization expertise among audit partners, leading to diminishing returns to specialization for less digitalized audits.

Digital economy: place of Ukraine in global trends of sustainable development

The research of the Ukraine’s place in global trends of sustainable development from the position of digital economy is presented. An economic essence of digital economy and its significance for Ukraine is studied. Its main components are defined. The relationship between the digitalization of the economy and the level of sustainable economic development is substantiated. Considering the fact that the development of the digital economy is characterized by a large number of indicators at the global level, the Global Connectivity Index is chosen to analyze the relationship with the SDGs achievement. The hypothesis about the dependence of SDGs achieving on the possibilities of the digital economy is confirmed with the help of mathematical modeling using correlation-regression analysis. The analysis of the relationship between Global Connectivity Index and SDGs Index is conducted. The level of influence of GCI component groups (broadband, cloud, AI, IoT) on the levels of SDGs is determined. Based on the analysis two components of the GCI index – the Internet of Things and the state of the broadband Internet, which have a significant impact on the level of SDGs achievement, are identified by the authors. It was found that two other components – the development of artificial intelligence and cloud technologies have a moderate impact on SDGs achievement. The global map of the digital technologies development level in compliance with the SDGs achievement is presented. Visualization on the map makes it possible to group countries with a high level of digitalization and achieving the SDGs on the one hand, and a high level of digitalization and relatively low indicators of sustainable development on the other hand, and vice versa. The analysis of Ukraine’s place on this world map is performed. The role of digital transformation in achieving of the defined SDGs is identified.

A Big Data-Driven Intelligent Knowledge Discovery Method for Epidemic Spreading Paths

The prevention and control of communicable diseases such as COVID-19 has been a worldwide problem, especially in terms of mining towards latent spreading paths. Although some communication models have been proposed from the perspective of spreading mechanism, it remains hard to describe spreading mechanism anytime. Because real-world communication scenarios of disease spreading are always dynamic, which cannot be described by time-invariant model parameters, to remedy such gap, this paper explores the utilization of big data analysis into this area, so as to replace mechanism-driven methods with big data-driven methods. In modern society with high digital level, the increasingly growing amount of data in various fields also provide much convenience for this purpose. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent knowledge discovery method for critical spreading paths based on epidemic big data. For the major roadmap, a directional acyclic graph of epidemic spread was constructed with each province and city in mainland China as nodes, all features of the same node are dimension-reduced, and a composite score is evaluated for each city per day by processing the features after principal component analysis. Then, the typical machine learning model named XGBoost carries out processing of feature importance ranking to discriminate latent candidate spreading paths. Finally, the shortest path algorithm is used as the basis to find the critical path of epidemic spreading between two nodes. Besides, some simulative experiments are implemented with use of realistic social network data.

Digitalization of economy: Discourse analysis perspective

Digital economy represents a system of economic relations mediated by technological achievements. In the near future, according to the opinion of some analysts, companies with a high level of digitalization will take the leading positions in the global and national markets. Today, a number of progressive companies are widely introducing digital tools in various sectors of the economy, investing money in the construction of data processing centers and the introduction of storage systems for business operations and customers. It is understood that digital tools may allow combining production with individuality, shortening the period from the development of an innovative idea to the sale of finished products, and providing an opportunity to achieve effective customization to meet consumer requirements. This is exactly what we are witnessing today in the activity of higher education institutions which have demonstrated flexibility and predictive capability in fitting in with modern economic processes.

Global Digital Convergence: Impact of Cybersecurity, Business Transparency, Economic Transformation, and AML Efficiency

The article substantiates the existence of convergence processes in the field of digitization of countries, taking into account the number of Internet users; people with advanced skills; and indicators of infrastructure (network coverage, population covered by at least a 3G mobile network, population covered by at least a 4G mobile network), access (access to ICT at home, active mobile broadband subscriptions, fixed broadband subscriptions), enablers (fixed broadband over 10 Mbps, mobile data and voice basket, high consumption) and barriers (improved broadband access from 256 kbps to 2 Mbps and from 2 Mbps to 10 Mbps mobile data and voice basket, low consumption) of digital development. The methodological basis for determining the sigma convergence of digitization processes is the coefficient of variation. The values of the coefficient of variation confirmed the high level of convergence between the studied countries in terms of the degree of use of the Internet for conducting digital transactions. The developed econometric model, which describes the influence of statistically significant integral indicators of the national cybersecurity level, ease of doing business, and the anti-money laundering index on the country’s digital development level, made it possible to determine the average trend of dependence on the level of digital development. One hundred four countries were considered for the analysis. The conducted study of the impact of digitalization on economic transformations based on developed quantile regressions made it possible to analyze exactly how the level of digital development for countries with a high level of digitalization and for countries with a low level of digitalization development depends on the value of the national cybersecurity indicator and the ease of doing business, and which countries have the least resistance to the risk factors of their involvement in fraudulent schemes for the purpose of legalizing criminal income.

Education, Digitalization and Tax Evasion: International Evidence

ABSTRACTWe provide a worldwide investigation of the role of education in combatting tax evasion with the moderation effect of digitalization. The analysis is based on a data set for 142 countries. We find robust evidence that education quality significantly contributes to mitigating tax evasion. More specifically, quality of overall education, quality of math and science education, and quality of management schools are all influential in curbing tax evasion. This effect is particularly striking for countries showing a high level of digitalization in education. The results are robust to endogeneity concerns. In the end, the study suggests policymaking and educational implications.

Digitalization and automation in construction project’s life-cycle: a review

The fourth construction industry revolution (i.e., Construction 4.0), driven by the fourth industrial revolution, introduces technological novelties to the construction industry in the direction of utilizing automation and digitalization potential. Various levels of maturity and adoption of these technologies have been identified separately in previous studies. In this study, a state-of-the art literature review is presented with the aim of determining the genesis and current levels of digitalization and automation, as well as their interoperability, among the main construction projects’ life-cycle phases. The results revealed that the construction project life-cycle phases are indeed at significantly different digitalization and automation levels. The initiation phase was found to be at a low level of digitalization and automation, the design and planning phase at a high level of digitalization with a low level of automation, and the execution phase at low-level digitalization with a higher level of automation. Since the topic is continuously developing, this research could be conducted in the near future to determine the advancements in comparison to the current conclusions.

Определение направлений повышения экономической безопасности индивидуальных предпринимателей, использующих интеллектуальные активы по видам экономической деятельности

The article conducts a study to identify areas for improving the economic security of sole proprietors using intellectual assets in order to timely and promptly identify new challenges, threats and risks. The purpose of the study is to identify the level of integration of intellectual assets and modern technologies into the economic activity of sole proprietors by type of economic activity. To achieve this goal, the authors used a number of methods, including: a qualitative analysis method, a data aggregation method, a graphical data presentation method, and a description method. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the determination of areas for improving the economic security of sole proprietors using intellectual assets in order to timely and promptly identify new challenges, threats and risks can be carried out by identifying types of economic activities characterized by a high level of digitalization and the use of modern technologies in the course of carrying out activities, in particular, the activities of sole proprietors using intellectual assets in wholesale and retail trade.

3DWoodWind: robotic winding processes for material-efficient lightweight veneer components

Winding processes are known from fiber composite technology for highly resistance lightweight components for aviation. These fiber-based processes work predominantly with synthetic composites made of carbon or glass fibers. For the construction industry, these additive processes are very promising and resource-efficient building processes, but they are still hardly used in timber construction despite the very high level of digitalization and technical development. The 3DWoodWind research project uses a continuous strip of thin veneer as a sustainable alternative as its application material. Its natural fibers are intact, continuous, and tensile. In the project, three-dimensional winding processes were developed for material-efficient hollow profile lightweight components made of wood. We describe the material system, composed of suitable combinations of veneers and adhesives, and develop computational design methods for filament layout and robotic fabrication methods. We also show an open-source prototype development method, necessary for efficient prototyping. Through several fabrication case studies, we demonstrate the capabilities of the production process, and investigate suitable architectural applications. These hollow lightweight components could save large amounts of material in timber construction and serve as a substitute for concrete or steel components in the future. We conclude by discussing possible applications in the construction industry and future research possibilities.

Development of a Coordinate Measuring Machine—Based Inspection Planning System for Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 represents a new paradigm which creates new requirements in the area of manufacturing and manufacturing metrology such as to reduce the cost of product, flexibility, mass customization, quality of product, high level of digitalization, optimization, etc., all of which contribute to smart manufacturing and smart metrology systems. This paper presents a developed inspection planning system based on CMM as support of the smart metrology within Industry 4.0 or manufacturing metrology 4.0 (MM4.0). The system is based on the application of three AI techniques such as engineering ontology (EO), GA and ants colony optimization (ACO). The developed system consists of: the ontological knowledge base; the mathematical model for generating strategy of initial MP; the model of analysis and optimization of workpiece setups and probe configuration; the path simulation model in MatLab, PTC Creo and STEP-NC Machine software, and the model of optimization MP by applying ACO. The advantage of the model is its suitability for monitoring of the measurement process and digitalization of the measurement process planning, simulation carried out and measurement verification based on CMM, reduction of the preparatory measurement time as early as in the inspection planning phase and minimizing human involvement or human errors through intelligent planning, which directly influences increased production efficiency, competitiveness, and productivity of enterprises. The measuring experiment was performed using a machined prismatic workpiece (PW).

Innovation intensity of military-connected firms

PurposeThe study aims to examine the military-connected firms' risk preference, specifically in the innovation intensity level context. The authors argue that firms with military-experienced top management have conservative and risk-averse behavior, influencing the innovation investment policy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use nonfinancial Indonesian-listed firms from 2010 to 2018 amounted to 2,504 firm-year observations.FindingsThe authors document a negative relationship between military connection with both innovation activities and outputs. The additional analysis documents that risk-preferences of military-connected firms will be drastically changed when the industry has a high digital level, which confirms that risk-averse military-experienced management is less dominant with adaptation skill. The authors also identify that veterans did not need a long tenure to influence firms' innovation investment policy. Lastly, the result is robust due to various endogeneity tests employed.Originality/valueThis study further examines military-connected firms' technological innovation compared to prior studies and enriches the related literature.

Mediatisasi dan Budaya: Pengalaman Peminat Gen Z Gelombang Korea Malaysia Mengharungi Pandemik Global Covid-19

Mediatization and Culture: Korean Wave and Malaysia’s Gen Z Fan in the Global Pandemic Covid-19 ABSTRACT Korean Wave is a global phenomenon that has made social media a major platform for promoting cultural products. Having fans from all over the world demonstrates its suitability to be a subject of study in the process of how the development of media technology has transformed people's lives. This article aims to explore the process of mediatization in society. This study seeks to explore how media technology plays a role in changing the culture of every day. Looking at the Korean wave, the researcher sought to understand the relationship between fans among gen Z and the phenomenon. This study is a qualitative research, using nethnography as a data collection technique. Samples were selected based on predefined criteria and then used Nvivo12 software to analyse the findings. The researcher further refined this study by focusing on the duration of movement control order only. This study seeks to understand how the entertainment industry survived and the relationship between the Korean wave phenomenon and fans in the face of a pandemic. The study found that despite the global pandemic, with a high level of digitalization among gen Z, the consumption of Korean cultural products among fans is still ongoing. Fan experience such as attending concerts and sharing information can still be done using the applications via media communication devices such as mobile phones, computers and tablets. The development of media communication technologies, change the way people communicate and the culture of every day. Keywords: Mediatization, Korean wave, netnography, gen Z, Covid-19.

Digital literacy of the elderly population and digitalization of enterprises: Experience of European countries

The article analyzes the digital literacy of the elderly population and digitalization of enterprises — important indicators of competitiveness — in the EU countries. The research methodology is based on Eurostat data and indicators of the composite index of digitalization of economy and society developed by the European Commission. The results of the comparative analysis show that the digitalization of enterprises and population in transition countries lags behind the developed EU countries. The digital literacy of the elderly population remains the lowest and lags behind the digital literacy of the younger population. At the same time, the higher the share of enterprises with a high level of digitalization in a country, the larger the share of elderly population with a basic level of digital literacy.

Socio-Economic Development of the Southern Russia Regions in the Industry 4.0: Achievements, Problems, Priorities

The article provides the comparative analysis of the current positions of the regional economic systems of the Southern Federal District (SFD) under the first phase of the fourth industrial revolution in Russia in the following key aspects: socio-economic situation, level of scientific, technological and innovative development, and digital transformation. The broad empirical basis of the study involves the reports of the European Commission, the World Economic Forum, the International Institute for Management Development, the World Intellectual Property Organization, official data from the Rosstat, the Ministry of Economic Development, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, the specialized studies of Russian and foreign analytical companies, research divisions of the Higher School of Economics, the Moscow School of Management Skolkovo, the Leontief Center - AV Group Consortium, specialized associations, public organizations, which are summarized in the ranking tables with their subsequent analytical interpretation. The research concluded that, in line with the global trends, achieving high competitiveness by the SFD leading regions and keeping their advanced socio-economic position is supported by their advanced scientific, technological and innovative development, high level of digitalization in all spheres of life, broad application of information and communication technologies by households and organizations, and development of digital skills. In this regard, the author substantiates the necessity of forming a complementary system of human, material and natural, technical and technological, institutional, organizational and informational factors in all the SFD regions to provide the regional economy development in the context of the Industry 4.0 priorities.

Impact of digitalization on industry: problems of definition in EU countries

The digitalization of the economy as a whole, and of manufacturing in particular, is one of the top-priority tasks that governments, business and society face. Central in this process is the implementation of Industry 4.0, which leading and international organizations expect to become a driver of economic development. Therefore, the objective of the study is to define the impact of digitalization on pace of industrial development at the national level. EU member states have been selected as the subject of the study. Comparing countries within the EU's single economic space is the most consistent for several reasons. On the one hand, all of these countries operate under similar institutional conditions, and on the other – the single market facilitates the free movement of capital and labor to the utmost. Also, the vast majority of EU member states are members of the monetary union and use the single currency – euro. Correlation analysis has been chosen as the main method to study the conformity of industrial production dynamics with the processes of digitalization. The results of the study in the most generalized form prove the inconsistency between high levels of digitalization and high rates of industrial production. EU member states, the leaders in terms of digitalization, demonstrate lower rates of industrial production growth than those countries that have lower levels of digital development. The hypothesis on positive impact of high levels of digitalization on industrial production at the national level has not been confirmed. However, it is not advisable to consider the results of the study as a sufficient basis for the final refutation of this hypothesis. One possible explanation for the relatively slower pace of industrial production growth in countries with high levels of digitalization is the following. The high level of industrial development causes the high level of digitalization, but at the same time leads to the "trap of high level of production", when each successive percentage, having a high base of comparison, becomes increasingly difficult. A typical example is the comparison between the Netherlands and Romania. Romania ranks 28 th (last) in the average digitization rate across all EU countries and 1 st in terms of average industry volume growth. At the same time, the Netherlands ranks 28 th in terms of average growth of the industry volume index and 3 rd in terms of digitalization. Thus, it can be argued that at the moment, digitalization (digital capital) does not have a decisive influence on the relative (when comparing between countries) growth rates of industrial production.

ВПЛИВ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ НА БАНКІВСЬКУ КОНКУРЕНЦІЮ

У сучасних умовах цифрова трансформація банківського сектору є невід’ємною частиною процесу становлення цифрової економіки. Представлено основні IT-технології, що трансформують сучасну банківську систему. Наведено характеристику технологій, які останнім часом активно розвиваються у банках. Розглянуто тенденції цифровізації банківського сектору Республіки Білорусь. На нинішній час ефективність роботи банків та їхня конкурентоспроможність на ринку багато в чому залежить від упровадження новітніх банківських продуктів і технологічних процесів. У ході дослідження виділено можливості, які дають фінансові технології цифровій економіці. Цифрова трансформація банківського сектору забезпечує численні переваги для споживачів фінансових послуг, збільшує якість, швидкість, доступність сервісів і значно поліпшує взаємодії споживачів фінансових послуг і фінансових організацій; водночас з нею пов’язані певні ризики. Саме тому сьогодні потрібні інтегровані рішення, що забезпечують не тільки високий рівень цифровізації банківських бізнес-процесів, а й надійний захист. Проаналізовані ризики і переваги, які цифрова трансформація несе банкам. Зазначено, що банки в усьому світі активно закривають свої відділення і інвестують кошти в мобільні додатки. Показано скорочення числа банків як у розвинених країнах, так і у країнах, що розвиваються, що обумовлено роз-витком технологічних інновацій у фінансовій системі. Виокремлено, що майбутнє банків буде залежати від того, які варіанти банківського обслуговування у стрімко мінливих умовах вони можуть запропонувати. Представлено кілька моделей розвитку банків у зв’язку з такою цифровою трансформацією. Для того, щоб успішно вбудуватися в інформаційне суспільство і цифрову економіку, банкам варто прискорити зміну чинної бізнес-моделі. Результати дослідження можуть служити основою для формування банку майбутнього.

Considerations Regarding Hydro Power Station Monitoring Objectives Through Geodetic Measurements

This paper seeks the stability of concrete or rockfill dams located on Someșul Cald riverthrough geodetic and topographic measurements. Tracking the dam stability is achieved in terms ofplanimetry and altimetry. . For the planimetry tracking can be used micro-triangulation method,trilateration method or combined methods. In terms of altimetry can be used the geometric geodeticleveling method. For the case study was chosen TarniA£a dam which was monitored in terms ofplanimetry and altimetry. In determining the azimuth and zenith observations we used a precision totalstation (2cc), and to make the altimetry observations we used a high precision digital level andmeasuring staff with bar code. Processing of geodetic observations was achieved by conditionalmeasurement method.