Highest Inhibition Efficiency Research Articles

A multifunctional carbon quantum dot overcoming the BBB for modulating amyloid aggregation and scavenging reactive oxygen species

The abnormal aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ), the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) cause the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) extremely difficult. In this study, we report multifunctional carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with red emission (RCQDs) for targeting Aβ42, modulating Aβ42 aggregation, overcoming the BBB, and scavenging ROS. RCQDs demonstrate exceptional targeting affinity for Aβ42 species, and exhibit high inhibition and disaggregation efficiencies against Aβ42 aggregates. Moreover, RCQDs possess outstanding scavenging abilities against the ROS in cells, thus resulting in the mitigation of cellular oxidative damages. RCQDs also exhibited strong penetration through the BBB in both in vitro and in vivo models, highlighting their potential for brain-targeted treatment. Further investigations using primary microglial cells confirm the anti-neuroinflammation properties of RCQDs. This study unprecedently demonstrates the therapeutic potential of unmodified pure CQDs for overcoming the BBB, targeting Aβ42 species, modulating Aβ42 aggregation and scavenging ROS, offering a promising candidate for the treatment of AD.

The corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of α-benzoin oxime on copper: A comprehensive study of experiments and DFT calculations

Copper corrosion poses a significant challenge to process stability and chip quality in the field of integrated circuit manufacturing. This study comprehensively explored the corrosion inhibition performance of α-benzoin oxime (bzoxH2) on copper, by employing a combination of experimental methods and computational chemistry. First, after the addition of 0.1 mM bzoxH2, the static etching rate and surface roughness of copper were decreased to 7 Å·min−1 and 1.36 nm, respectively, which indicated that bzoxH2 could reduce the corrosion rate of copper and improve its surface quality. Subsequently, electrochemical behavior analysis showed that the addition of 0.1 mM bzoxH2 resulted in an increase in open circuit potential to 0.185 V, a decrease in corrosion current density to 2.33 µA·cm−2, an increase in polarization resistance to 10589 Ω·cm2, and a high corrosion inhibition efficiency of 96.88 %, suggesting that bzoxH2 significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of copper. Furthermore, studies based on adsorption isotherm models indicated that the adsorption behavior of bzoxH2 on the copper surface formed a dense passivation film through the combination of physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. This effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance of copper and provided robust protection against corrosion. Finally, the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technology, along with an in-depth exploration of the geometric structure and chemical reactivity of the bzoxH2 molecule, revealed its complex interaction with specific active sites on the copper surface. These findings provided valuable theoretical insights, along with practical guidance for the development of metal corrosion inhibitors.

The use of amines as steel corrosion inhibitors in butanol-gasoline blends

Butanol is an interesting component used for blending gasoline fuels. However, the polar nature of butanol allows the solubility of water and ionic compounds in butanol-gasoline blends (BGBs) making them aggressive to mild steel. Amines, such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentaamine, morpholine, piperazine, and hexamethylenediamine, were tested as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in BGBs. Additionally, the influence of the acetic acid and sodium chloride concentrations on the inhibition efficiency was examined. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy andpotentiodynamic polarization were employed for the measurements, complemented by static immersion testing and an XPS surface analysis. The highest inhibition efficiency was demonstrated for diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, andhexamethylenediamine, achieving a value of 95 % or more at aconcentration of 100 mg/L. The formation of ionic pairs involving protonated amines andchlorides was also confirmed. The XPS analysis revealed a very thin passive layer of iron oxides, which may form in the presence of amines, protecting mild steel in BGBs.

Innovative hybrid and bifunctional rare earth complexes as corrosion inhibitors for AA2024 Alloy: Electrochemical and surface analysis enhanced by DFT/MD simulation

The hybrid inorganic–organic compounds, RE-thioglycolates (RE = Ce, Nd, Sm), were analyzed as effective green corrosion inhibitors of AA2024 alloy in 0.1 M NaCl solution. Utilizing Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy the protective inhibitory film on the alloy’s surface was affirmed, alongside the persistence of a natural oxide layer over time. These complexes demonstrated notable corrosion inhibition efficiency over immersion from 1 h to 3 days, with Sm-thiog retaining the high inhibition efficiency of over 95 % during 72 h. All RE-thioglycolates are mixed-type inhibitors, imparting resistance against both general and pitting corrosion.The presence of a protective inhibitory film on the AA2024 surface in NaCl solution has been substantiated through various analytical techniques including FTIR, SEM/EDS and XPS. A detailed examination of the differential inhibition exhibited by these bifunctional complexes is elucidated through theoretical calculations. The smallest difference of HOMO and LUMO orbitals for Sm-thiog of 3.21 eV indicates that this inhibitor attains the strongest donor–acceptor interactions with the metal surface. Predictions generated by Density Functional Theory/Molecular Dynamics simulations suggest the potential formation of diverse inhibitory species within the electrolyte. The corrosion inhibition mechanism proposed for RE-thioglycolates is grounded in electrochemical and theoretical insights, and subsequently validated through surface analysis methods.

A General Molecular Structural Design for Highly Efficient Photopyroptosis that can be Activated within 10 s Irradiation.

Photopyroptosis is an emerging research branch of photodynamic therapy (PDT), whereas there remains a lack of molecular structural principles to fabricate photosensitizers for triggering a highly efficient pyroptosis. Herein, a general and rational structural design principle to implement this hypothesis, is proposed. The principle relies on the clamping of cationic moieties (e.g., pyridinium, imidazolium) onto one photosensitive core to facilitate a considerable mitochondrial targeting (both of the inner and the outer membranes) of the molecules, thus maximizing the photogenerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the specific site to trigger the gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis. Through this design, the pyroptotic trigger can be achieved in a minimum of 10 s of irradiation with a substantially low light dosage (0.4 Jcm⁻2), compared to relevant work reported (up to 60 Jcm⁻2). Moreover, immunotherapy with high tumor inhibition efficiency is realized by applying the synthetic molecules alone. This structural paradigm is valuable for deepening the understanding of PDT (especially the mitochondrial-targeted PDT) from the perspective of pyroptosis, toward the future development of the state-of-the-art form of PDT.

Bioaccumulation and transferreing for impacts on Cd and Pb by aphid consumption of the broad bean, Vicia faba L, in soil heavy metal pollution

Heavy metal pollution threatens human and ecological health. Heavy metals can exist in the soil for a long time and migrate to organisms along the food chain. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of a single stress on broad beans. Here, we aimed to characterize Cd and Pb bioaccumulation, at varying concentrations, in the broad bean, Vicia faba L. We also determined how the bioaccumulated metals are impacted by aphids that consume the plant. No significant difference was noted in the germination rates of broad beans at the early stage of planting (after 8 days), but eventually, the germination rates of broad beans at all time points first decreased and then increased, and the highest inhibition efficiency was observed in the T3 group (12.5 mg/L Cd2+ + 50 mg/L Pb2+). Fourteen days after planting, there was no significant difference in seedling height between the T5 (50 mg/L Cd2+ + 200 mg/L Pb2+) and control groups; however, that in the other groups decreased significantly and there was no dependence between stress concentration and inhibition efficiency. In addition, both Cd and Pb in the soil could be transferred to broad beans, and the concentration of Pb in the roots of broad beans was greater than that of Cd, whereas the opposite was observed in the stems and leaves. Notably, under mixed stress, aphids could significantly reduce the content of Cd in broad beans; similarly, the Pb content in the roots and stems of broad beans decreased significantly after being infested with aphids but increased significantly in the leaves. Further, the aphid infestation decreased the Pb content in the soil and the soil Cd content in the highest concentration group (T5 group) (50 mg/L Cd2+ + 200 mg/L Pb2+). These results highlight the necessity of focusing on the effect of insects on heavy metal remediation in plants and provide a new perspective for reducing plant Cd toxicity.

INVESTIGATION OF CORROSION INHIBITION POTENTIAL OF HYPHAENE THEBAICA SHELLS EXTRACT ON TANNERY MACHINES PARTS IN ACIDIC MEDIUM

Corrosion inhibition potential of ternary machine part was investigated by using ethanoic extract of hyphaene thebaica shells as inhibitor at different temperature of 313K and 333K. The Tannery machines part which are majorly made up of mild steels are subjected to harsh conditions, which include exposure to moisture, air, acid, base, salt and other environmental components that causes corrosion on machines’ parts. The aim of this research was to generate measurable and testable data towards the control of corrosion using plant (hyphaene thebaica shells ethanolic extracts) as inhibitor. This was accomplished through the determination of inhibitor’s performance by weight loss techniques, determination of metal-inhibitor interaction mechanism using kinetic parameters and adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Temkin), the corrosion process through the use of exposure time, phytochemicals of the shell extracts, inhibitor concentration, media concentration, temperature, initial weight of metal and the weight of the metals in every 2 hours for a total of 6 hours. A weight loss technique was adopted and the weights of the mild steel were recorded every 2 hrs for 6 hrs. The highest inhibition efficiency (78.44%) was attained at 333 K for 0.1 g/dm3 concentration of the plant inhibitor. Inhibition efficiency decreased with further increase in the temperature. The green inhibitor was found to be effective because it is ecofriendly, inexpensive and biodegradable.

Effect of Alkyl Chain Length on the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids for Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution: Experimental Evaluation and Theoretical Analysis.

In this study, five kinds of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([CXami]Br) ionic liquids with different alkyl chain lengths (8, 10, 12, 14, and 16) were selected as inhibitors. Then, their corrosion inhibition performances for Q235 steel in 1.0 mol L-1 HCl solution were investigated via a weight loss test, polarization curve method, and surface analysis techniques. The results show that these five imidazolium-based ionic liquids are all mixed-type inhibitors, and they can be spontaneously adsorbed onto the Q235 steel surface. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir model and involves mixed physical-chemical adsorption. Theoretical calculations confirm that the increase in alkyl chain length is conducive to the imidazolium-based ionic liquids exhibiting stronger chemical bonding abilities and forming denser adsorption films. The inhibition efficiency significantly increases below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) with an increase in alkyl chain length, and the highest inhibition efficiency is 95.17% for the [C16ami]Br inhibitor at the concentration of 0.005 mM. However, above the CMC, the inhibition efficiency is minimally affected by the alkyl chain length since all ionic liquid inhibitors have reached adsorption saturation on the steel surface.

Synthesis and Application Insights of New Phosphate Materials A2MnP2O7 (A = Na, K, Li) as Corrosion Inhibitors

This study comprehensively characterizes synthesized phosphate materials, specifically A2MnP2O7 (where A represents Na, K, or Li), utilizing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy techniques. The XRD results corroborate the crystalline nature of these compounds, while the IR spectra disclose pivotal structural characteristics, including the bent geometry of the POP bridge. A significant observation is the mismatch of specific IR bands, suggesting a non-centrosymmetric arrangement in the A2MnP2O7 crystal lattice. The synthesized materials were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel (MS) in 3 wt.% NaCl. Electrochemical assessments indicate that these materials act as mixed-type inhibitors, demonstrating high inhibition efficiencies (η%), reaching peak values of 88.3% for Na2MnP2O7, 87% for K2MnP2O7, and 86.7% for Li2MnP2O7 at a concentration of 10−3 mol/L. The study also elucidates the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters dictating the inhibition phenomena. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the surface morphology of mild steel in the presence of these inhibitors.

Antitumor effects of polydopamine coated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and its mechanism: Mitochondria-targeted ROS and calcium channels

Nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) has been acknowledged for its inhibition efficiency on tumor cells and its excellent biocompatibility for normal tissue and cells. However, the low inhibitory efficiency of tumor cells and the ambiguous inhibitory mechanism limited its further application. In this work, four kinds of nHA with different sizes was prepared, and the one with the highest inhibition efficiency on 4T1 cells was screened as a substrate for developing the nanoparticles coated with polydopamine (PDA) coating, which was named nHA-PDA. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments were employed, and the results showed significantly higher inhibitory activity against 4T1 cells and 4T1-bared tumors by nHA-PDA. Further investigation revealed that the oxidative stress induced by PDA results in a large Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation, thus triggering the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway ROS-JNK/MAPK and inducing the cascade reaction of inhibiting the anti-apoptosis protein-Bcl-2 expression and activating the expression of the critical genes in apoptosis signaling pathway (caspase 3 and caspase 9). Besides, the significant increase of intracellular [Ca2+] may also be an essential reason for the damage of mitochondria, eventually leading to apoptosis.

Efficiency of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors in the Presence of n-Heptane: An Experimental and Molecular Simulation Study

Volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCIs), specifically formulations based on thiols and amines, can be used to mitigate top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) that arises during the transportation of wet gas through transmission pipelines. Nevertheless, the VCI inhibition efficiency (IE) can be compromised by the presence of condensable hydrocarbon phases. In this research, the IE of two thiol compounds (decanethiol and hexanethiol) and three combinations of VCIs for TLC scenarios, both in the presence and absence of n-heptane, representing a condensing hydrocarbon phase were studied. The results proved the IE of thiols in a water-only condensing environment, with effectiveness increasing with the alkyl tail length. Conversely, in a water/n-heptane co-condensing environment, a reversed trend was observed, where hexanethiol exhibited higher corrosion IE compared to decanethiol. Molecular simulation results indicated a synergistic adsorption behavior when the alkane was of a similar length as the alkyl tails of the inhibitors, leading to the incorporation of alkane molecules with the inhibitor molecules. A mixture of thiols (decanethiol and hexanethiol) and two mixtures of thiol and amines (decanethiol and diethylamine/t-butylamine) were also considered in both water-only and water/n-heptane co-condensing environments. In the presence of n-heptane, only the thiol mixture, featuring molecules with different tail lengths, demonstrated high IE. This behavior was attributed to the superior IE provided by thiol-based molecules with a shorter alkyl tail (hexanethiol) in the presence of n-heptane. Additionally, the results revealed that the mixtures of decanethiol and amines did not enhance corrosion inhibition in the presence of n-heptane within the system.

Unveiling the potent corrosion-inhibiting power of Ammophila arenaria aqueous extract for mild steel in acidic environments: An integrated experimental and computational study

Plant extracts have emerged as potent inhibiting compounds for metallic corrosion, offering numerous advantages including simple accessibility, low toxicity, eco-friendliness, biocompatibility, effectiveness, and renewability. In this study, the potential of Ammophila arenaria extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl over the concentration range of 25–700 ppm was evaluated, using various electrochemical analyses such as Open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results revealed a notable reduction in the corrosion rate of steel, particularly at 700 ppm, where Ammophila arenaria extract demonstrated its highest inhibition efficiency, reaching 83.67% for polarization and 84.32% for EIS. The cathodic and anodic polarization curves indicated that the aqueous extract of Ammophila arenaria functions as a mixed-type inhibitor. The thermodynamic analysis revealed a negative Gibbs free energy value (∆Gads°), suggesting spontaneous physisorption as the predominant adsorption mechanism. To delve into the inhibition mechanism at the molecular level, the surface morphology of mild steel exposed to 1.0 M HCl solutions, both in the absence and presence of Ammophila arenaria aqueous extract, was scrutinized through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Theoretical techniques, including Quantum Calculation Theory, Non-Covalent Interaction (NCI), and Atom In Molecule (QTAIM), were concurrently employed, providing valuable insights into molecular-level interactions. Remarkably, the computational studies complemented and corroborated the experimental data. These comprehensive results significantly contribute to the understanding of Ammophila arenaria extract's corrosion inhibiting properties, endorsing its potential as a sustainable and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor suitable for diverse industrial applications. The synergistic integration of experimental and computational approaches establishes a robust foundation for future endeavors in the field of green corrosion inhibitors.

A long-term effective solid capsule with matrix-type structure for the anticorrosion in oil and gas fields

The oil and gas industry frequently uses liquid corrosion inhibitors to reduce equipment and pipeline corrosion. However, this approach requires frequent additions, which are costly in terms of labor and materials. Solid corrosion inhibitor capsules (SCICs) have become an optimal alternative, as they provide long-term corrosion protection. However, the current encapsulation materials need to be modified for improving encapsulation capability. In this study, lauryl acrylate (LA) was grafted onto Ethylene-vinyl-acetates (EVA) to reduce its crystallinity and increase the interface force between EVA and oleic imidazoline (OIM). OIM was then encapsulated using the grafted EVA (EVA-g-LA) to form matrix-type solid capsules that possess the high encapsulation efficiency and long service life. The analysis with a UV–Vis spectrophotometer revealed that OIM had a stable release process from the SCIC matrix. Over a period of 91 days, the released OIM still had a high corrosion inhibition efficiency towards N80 steel (>80%). Using the prepared SCIC can reduce annual anticorrosion costs in oil and gas fields by 70%.

Synthesis and investigation of two new compounds (2-(methoxymethyl)−1- phenyl-2-propen-1-one and 2-(methoxymethyl)−1-(4-methoxyphenyl) - 2-Propen-1-one) as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solutions at elevated temperature.

This study evaluated the performance of two newly synthesized organic corrosion inhibitors using the gravimetric weight loss method in hydrochloric acid (HCl), methanesulphonic acid (MSA), and a combination of HCl and MSA in the presence of different corrosion inhibitor (CI) concentrations at temperatures of 30 °C to 90 °C. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies were carried out for an in-depth study of corrosion mechanisms. Following the weight loss study, the percentage inhibition efficacies of C1 and C2 at 300 ppm concentrations were found to be ≈ 100% at 30 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C in 15 wt% HCl, 10 wt% MSA, and a combination of both acids (15 wt% HCl and 10 wt% MSA). The performances of C1 and C2 deteriorated slightly when tested in 10 wt% MSA at 90 °C. The synthesized CIs still showed a very high inhibition efficiency in the presence of 15 wt% HCl and a mixture of acids (HCl and MSA) at 90 °C. PDP studies indicated that both C1 and C2 act as anodic inhibitors. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from the PDP and EIS studies agreed with the weight loss study. The high value of Kads and the negative ∆Gads value suggests that C1 and C2 corrosion inhibitors have a strong and spontaneous tendency to chemisorb onto the mild steel surface. SEM-EDX studies proved the formation of a uniform, protective corrosion inhibitor film on the metal surface. Both C1 and C2 have been proven suitable for high-temperature corrosion applications.

Water-soluble N-methylpolypyrrole nanoparticles as a highly efficient eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

Metal corrosion is a significant problem in industrial units that can disrupt operations and increase costs. A corrosion inhibitor (CI) is an effective solution to this issue. Organic compounds are suitable and efficient CIs for carbon steel (CS) against corrosion. Among them, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are gaining traction in numerous industries due to their eco-friendliness, low cost, high stability, and simple production process. One of the major obstacles associated with employing ICPs as CI is their limited solubility in aqueous media. The present study aimed to synthesize water-soluble N-methylpolypyrrole (NmPPy) nanoparticles through a facile, rapid, and cost-effective approach. The successful synthesis of the NmPPy nanoparticles has been confirmed through characterization using scanning electron microscopic (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and UV–vis spectra. The effectiveness of NmPPy nanoparticles in protecting CS against corrosion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution with varying concentrations at ambient temperature was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) measurements. The findings from the study indicate that the NmPPy nanoparticles exhibit a noteworthy corrosion protection capacity for CS. At a concentration of 300 mg L−1, the NmPPy acted as a mixed-type inhibitor and yielded around 95% inhibition efficiency. Moreover, the adsorption behavior of the particles followed the Langmuir isotherm model with chemical adsorption. Surface morphology analysis techniques, including scanning Kelvin probe (SKP), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), have confirmed the development of a protective film on the CS. The analysis indicates that the CS has a smooth surface, and the NmPPy nanoparticles exhibit high inhibition efficiency. Therefore, the water-soluble NmPPy nanoparticles effectively inhibit CS corrosion in NaCl solution. They hold immense promise for the future development of advanced protective materials.

Preparation, characterization, and computational study on transition metal complexes derived from thiophene Schiff base and evaluation of their cytotoxicity against hepatic cell line, antioxidant activities, and ligand's anticorrosive properties

Novel thiophene Schiff base ligand (L) was synthesized through the condensation of 2‐thiophene‐methylamine and 3‐formyl‐4‐methoxyphenylboronic acid. Transition metal complexes with the formulae [M(L)(H2O)2Cl]Cl2.xH2O (M = Er(III), x = 4 and La(III), x = 5) and [M(L)(H2O)Cl2]Cl.xH2O (M = Yb(III), x = 4 and Ru(III), x = 0) were synthesized. Different spectral and physicochemical methods were used to confirm and identify the stoichiometry, structure, and bonding style of transition metal chelates. The creation of 1:1 molar ratio (M:L) complexes was supported by elemental data. According to IR spectra, the thiophene Schiff base ligand (L) acted as a tridentate ligand that is neutrally coordinated by S‐thiophene, N‐azomethine, and o‐methoxy groups. All chelates formed in octahedral structures according to the findings data. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG and DTG) was employed to examine the heat decomposition of these compounds. DFT/B3LYP method, a molecular modeling methodology, is used to support the expected shape of the produced ligand. Chemical hardness and softness, HOMO and LUMO energy levels, electrophilic index, bond lengths, angles, dipole moment, electronegativity, and other factors were calculated. Against HepG‐2 cell line, the in vitro anticancer activity of all chelates and free ligands was evaluated. These synthesized compounds showed good effectiveness. Additionally, DPPH scavenging was used to assess antioxidant activity, with extremely positive results. Molecular docking with the hepatic protein receptor 3ELJ was used to confirm the anticancer results. Finally, the effectiveness of the current thiophene ligand's ability to block Al‐Si alloys in 1 M HCl solution was examined utilizing electrochemical methods. The high inhibition efficiency was obtained revealing the effectiveness of using this thiophene Schiff base ligand on an industrial scale.

DFT and Electrochemical Study of Novel Green Corrosion Inhibitor (Pyrantrin) for 1100-H14 Aluminum Corrosion Remediation in 1 M H2SO4 Acidic Environment

The study on Corrosion Inhibition of 1100-H14 Aluminum in H2SO4 Acidic Deploying pyrantrin as a Green Inhibitor was investigated by adopting different experimental methods, including weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic, potentiodynamic polarization, and computational methods. It was observed that pyrantrin was a good inhibitor for the 1100–H14–type aluminum. Inhibition efficiency was recorded between 42.5 % and 95.2 % for aluminum at 500 ppm and 1500 ppm concentrations. This high inhibition efficiency was attributed to the strong adsorption of the molecules on both metal surfaces. Electrochemical impedance showed higher and increasing charge transfer resistance values and decreasing values for the double-layer capacitance, indicating better inhibition. From quantum calculations, the EHOMO value was higher than that of the ELUMO, while the energy gap was calculated to be 1.9 with a binding energy of 132.9, indicating stronger adsorption and inhibition.

A novel corrosion inhibitor based on a Schiff base for mild steel in 1M HCl: synthesis and anticorrosion study

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the activity of 4-((4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)benzylidene) amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (HEMAP), a Schiff base synthesized and characterized for the first time, to the authors’ knowledge, as a novel inhibitor against corrosion of mild steel (MS) in hydrochloric acid solution.Design/methodology/approachHEMAP was characterized by some spectroscopic methods including High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then, the inhibition efficiency of HEMAP on MS in a hydrochloric acid solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). To explain the inhibition mechanism, the surface charge, adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic parameters of MS in the inhibitor solution were studied.FindingsEIS tests displayed that the highest inhibition efficiency was calculated approximately as 99.5% for 5 × 10−2 M HEMAP in 1 M HCl solution. The adsorption of HEMAP on the MS surface was found to be compatible with the Langmuir model isotherm. The thermodynamic parameter results showed that the standard free energy of adsorption of HEMAP on the MS surface was found to be more chemical than physical.Originality/valueThis study is important in terms of demonstrating the performance of the first synthesized HEMAP molecule as an inhibitor against the corrosion of MS in acidic media. EIS tests displayed that the highest inhibition efficiency was calculated approximately as 99.5% for 5 × 10−2 M HEMAP in 1 M HCl solution.

Corrosion inhibition mechanisms of triazole derivatives on copper chemical mechanical polishing: Combined experiment and DFT study

The impact of triazole derivative groups on corrosion inhibition performance of copper (Cu) film is studied by using 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxylicacid (ATA-O), 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diamine (ATA-N) and 3-amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (ATA-S) as environment-friendly inhibitors. Electrochemical analysis showed that anti-corrosion passivation layer is formed on Cu surface after adding inhibitors with high inhibition efficiency of 54 %, 87 % and 98 % respectively, and improve the surface quality which is verified by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. Such results are consisted with static etch experiments. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition was revealed by theoretical calculation, which prove that the lone electron pair in empty orbitals of the O, N, S atoms on inhibitors hybridize with the Cu-d orbital to form covalent bonds and enhance the adsorption passivation action. Such study dissects the reasons for the potent inhibitory effect of triazole derivatives at the atomic level, and provides new method for efficient selection of inhibitors.

Scalable and Multifunctional Polyurethane/MXene/Carbon Nanotube-Based Fabric Sensor toward Baby Healthcare.

Continuous monitoring of physiological health status and effective protection against external hazards is an indispensable aspect of healthcare management for critically vulnerable populations, particularly for infants or babies. So, the exploration of all-in-one devices remains critical to avoiding their injury and illness. The integration of multiple properties such as sensing, electromagnetic protection, warming/cooling, and water/bacterial repellence into a common fabric is no doubt a promising solution to coping with diverse application scenarios. However, achieving simultaneous integration in an effective and durable fashion faces huge challenges. Herein, multifunctional fabric was achieved by sequentially coating MXene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and self-healing polyurethane (PU) onto cotton fabric. The outstanding conductivity of MXene and CNTs as well as the self-healing ability of PU synergistically enable a flexible, breathable, protective, and sensing fabric with a good durability. It could detect the body motions like bending of the finger, elbow, wrist, and knee, with a high gauge factor of 8.78 and fast response. Moreover, this sensing fabric could protect the wearers against electromagnetic waves and bacteria, delivering a minimum reflection loss of -57.6 dB at 7.6 GHz and high bacterial inhibition efficiency due to the incorporation of MXene and polyethylenimine. Besides, the electrothermal performance of carbonaceous materials enables them to act as a heater for body warmth. The synergistic design of this multifunctional textile offers a promising strategy for producing advanced smart textiles, holding great promise in infant or baby healthcare.