High Energy Rate Forming Research Articles

Micro Forming and its Applications: An Overview

A Micro forming was primarily developed in order to view the usage and significance of micro metal forming technology. It is implemented for the manufacturing and production of micro metallic devices like micro pump, micro gears (Polyoxymethylene polymer), Biodegradable implants (Polylactic acid) etc. The die assembly is provided with a DLC (Diamond like coating) coating during work study to resolved small size dimensional accuracy issue and enhanced tribological properties. Various High Energy Metal Forming processes (HERF) is discussed like ultrasonic vibration, explosive forming, magnetic forming, electro hydraulic forming, ultrasonic vibration and heating process for enhancement in formability and accuracy to the product of micro scale dimension. The detailed review of Micro forming and its applications in various fields that utilized the various high energy processes is discussed in this paper. Keywords: Biodegradable, Tribological Properties, HERF (High Energy Rate forming), Formability.

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

PHASE EVOLUTION IN Fe–Mn–Si SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS DUE TO FORGING SPEED

The objective of this investigation is to compare the crystallographic characteristics of two different compositions of Fe – Mn – Si alloys forged with the newly designed and constructed High Energy Rate Forming (HERF) hammer with conventional hydraulic and mechanical presses. The degree of martensite formation may depend on metal forming conditions. For both of the alloys, one of the specimens was investigated in as "prepared form", the other specimen was investigated after air cooling with homogenization treatment and three specimens were deformed in different velocities after homogenization treatments. The changes which occurred in the transformation parameters of two FeMnSi alloys with different compositions due to the effects of thermal and mechanical procedures have been studied by using X-ray diffraction. In the alloy specimens cooled to different conditions from the high-temperature γ phase region, γ→ε and γ→ε→α′ martensitic transformations were observed. The lattice parameters (LP) of fcc γ and hcp ε structures were determined, and changes in forging speed on the LPs were found.

Explosive Metalworking: Experimental and Numerical Modeling Aspects

The application of the High Energy Rate Forming (HERF) represents a new paradigm in the field of production of knowledge-based more components materials: furthermore, joining by plastic deformation of the materials is carried out directly, by high speed, high energy shock waves, without using energy transforming equipment as hydraulic presses etc. The energy sources of the HERF processes are either the electrical energy stored in capacitors or chemical energy stored in the high explosives. High explosives can be utilized for many metalworking techniques; however the three main types of explosive metalworking are: Explosive welding and cladding Explosive tubeforming Explosive compaction of powders and granulates. The present work briefly introduces the principles and practices of the three main types of the explosive metalworking techniques mentioned above and discusses aspects of their numerical simulation.

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

Experimental Investigation and Finite Element Analysis on Electromagnetic Compression Forming Processed Aluminum Alloy Tubes

Electromagnetic forming (EMF) is a high energy rate forming (HERF) process. It is a high speed forming process using a pulsed magnetic field to form work pieces made of metals such as copper or aluminum alloys with high electrical conductivity. The work piece to be deformed will be located within the effective area of the tool coil so that the resulting type of stress during the forming process is determined by the type of coil used and its arrangement as related to the component. Tubular or structural components can be narrowed by means of compression coils or widened by means of expansion coils, where as sheet metal can be deformed by flat coils. In this work, the experimental investigation and simulation of electromagnetic compression forming of aluminum alloy tubes is studied. The aim of the paper was to verify the results from Finite element methods with experimental data. Experiments were conducted on Tubes of outer diameter 40 mm and wall thickness of 2 mm with a nominal tensile strength of 214 MPa. The tube was compressed using a 4 turn helical actuator discharge that can be energied up to 20 kJ. A field shaper made of aluminum was used. A Maximum reduction of 15.85% in diameters were measured. The same problem was simulated in ANSYS using static coupled electromagnetic analysis. The results of the Simulation showed good correlation with experimental results.

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工技術のロードマップ

高エネルギー速度加工技術のロードマップ

高エネルギー速度加工

高エネルギー速度加工

Characterization and Comparison of Rapidly Solidified Al Particles Mechanically Milled Nanostructures and their Consolidated Structures Made by High Energy Rate Forming (HERF) Technique

The aim of the present work is to produce new types of solid nanomaterials for different purposes (coatings, fillers, foams, bulk pieces, etc.). Technologies such as RS Al flake production, high energy mechanical milling and high energy rate forming technology (HERF) for compacting are used. The products are analyzed mainly by XRD, SEM and TEM methods. It was shown that the new-type of RS Al “flake” material is suitable not only for pigments but also for powder metallurgical purposes, i.e. Al based nanocomposites. By choosing suitable parameters for mechanical alloying with the Fritsch Planetary mill 4, very fine, alloyed and composited nanostructures can be produced (Al-4.5w%Cu- 10w%Al2O3, Al-15w%Pb) Dynamic compaction (HERF) using explosive techniques seems to offer a good way for the compaction of Al (metal) matrix nanostructured composites.

Design and applications of a pneumatic accelerator for high speed punching

High speed forming is an important production method that requires specially designed HERF (high energy rate forming) machines. Most of the HERF machines are devices that consist of a system in which energy is stored and a differential piston mechanism is used to release the energy at high rate. In order to eliminate the usage of specially designed HERF machines and to obtain the high speed forming benefits, the accelerator which can be adapted easily onto conventional presses has been designed and manufactured in this study. The designed energy accelerator can be incorporated into mechanical press to convert the low speed operation into high-speed operation of a hammer. Expectations from this work are reduced distortion rates, increased surface quality and precise dimensions in metal forming operations. From the performance test, the accelerator is able to achieve high speed and energy which require for high speed blanking of thick sheet metals.

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

High Energy Rate Forming

Prediction of linear noise-load relationship for impact forming machines

INTRODUCTION NOlSE emitted during hot forming on a high-energy-rate-forming (HERF) machine bears a linear relationship with the magnitude of the forming load [ 1]. The existence of this linear correlation has been confirmed for a drop hammer [2] : though the slope and the intercept of the noise-load line differed from the H E R F case. It appears that for every hammer this noise-load relationship can be expected to be unique and independent of the process variables, i.e. input energy, billet size and properties, etc. A linear noise emission vs forming load variation, independent of the process variables, with a unique gradient and intercept for each hammer, could be used as a measure of the overall acoustic quality of the hammer structure. Such a criterion might prove in certain cases to be more meaningful than the conventional power criterion, especially when the prime concern is the avoidance of the operator's hearing damage. Furthermore, such a criterion would be easier to apply than that of the sound power. The present paper contains a theoretical analysis furnishing an explanation of the observed linear noise-load variation.