High Efficiency Maximum Power Point Research Articles

A novel self-tuning type-2 fuzzy maximum power point tracking technique for efficiency enhancement of fuel cell based battery chargers

Given the uncertainties associated with proton-exchange membrane fuel cell systems and relatively low efficiency of the fuel cell stacks for low-power applications, designing a high-efficiency maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for the fuel cell electric vehicles is an important and also technically challenging issue. For this purpose, in this article, aiming to develop a high-efficiency and low cost battery charger, a novel self-tuning type-2 fuzzy MPPT controller is presented. The main task of the controller is to provide the better performance and regulate the switching duty cycle of the used power converter under the system's uncertainty conditions in order to dynamically extract the maximum power from the fuel cell system and maintain the battery at its highest possible state of charge while protecting it from overcharging. For the sake of computational efficiency, an improved invasive weed optimization algorithm, called elitist invasive weed optimization (EIWO), is also presented to tune the type-2 fuzzy set parameters, whose improvement is demanding due to the limited human experience and knowledge. All data processing and simulations are conducted in the MATLAB software. Finally, the performance of the proposed MPPT controller is examined through using experimental tests with a prototype device.

고효율 태양광 DC 발전을 위한 능동적인 최대전력추종 알고리즘 적용의 차동전력 DC/DC 컨버터

This paper is about differential power DC/DC converter (DPP) based on adaptive MPPT algorithm for high efficiency PV DC generation system. PV DC generation has a character that raising the irradiance causes the output power to increase and the lower temperature generates more production power. Therefore, PV system for maximum power generate is need method find the exact voltage point to generate the maximum power. It is called the maximum power point tracking(MPPT).BR In this study, we applied active MPPT algorithm for high efficiency maximum power point tracking control in the differential power processing system. Active MPPT algorithm proposed in this paper is easy to apply to DPP structure, and not only arrival time at the initial MPP zone is fast, but also obtain stable power with low ripple. Using the differential power DC/DC converter by active MPPT algorithm, we got the power production efficiency was 98.84 [%] which is the highest result.

Novel solar-powered photovoltaic/thermoelectric hybrid power source

A photovoltaic (PV) module converts solar radiation into electric power. Solar collectors convert directly solar heat into hot water (not electric power). A thermoelectric generator (TEG) directly converts solar heat into electric power. Thus, this study combines a PV module with some TEGs to directly convert both solar radiation and solar heat into electric power. The result is a novel solar-powered PV/thermoelectric hybrid power source. The output power of a TEG module is very small when temperature difference between its two surfaces (hot and cold) ranges below about 50C∘. As a result, TEGs cannot be used in low-grade heat harvesting applications such as solar heat harvesting. This study also solves this defect, so that, the mentioned temperature difference is raised by utilizing a two-phase closed thermosiphon (TPCT) heat pipe, a concentrator and a radiator. A prototype of the proposed PV/thermoelectric hybrid power source has been constructed, and experimental results obtained from its operation under realistic conditions are given. The novelties and contributions of this research work can be outlined as below:The PV/thermoelectric hybrid power source directly converts both solar radiation and solar heat into electric power.The technique used to design and construct the PV/thermoelectric hybrid power source enables utilizing TEGs in low-grade heat harvesting, in particular, solar heat harvesting.The technique provides a dc bus with constant voltage, so other power generation devices such as fuel cell and wind power generation system can be easily added to the system by connecting them to the dc bus through a converter.The technique uses a high-efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method which is a modified and high-efficient version of perturb and observe (P&O) method with adaptive and variable step size.

A high-efficiency management circuit for weak piezoelectric energy harvester

This paper proposes a high-efficiency maximum power point track management circuit that can automatically match weak piezoelectric energy harvesters with different internal capacitances. The proposed double-resonance up-conversion matching circuit has a lower loss and higher resonant response than the traditional circuits, such as SSHI, SECE and DSSH circuits. The matching circuit can automatically adjust the turn-on time of the up-conversion switch and the input impedance by tracking the input maximum power. The proposed circuit can realize conjugate matching of piezoelectric transducers at an equivalent internal capacitance range of 1–30 nF, and a stronger charging power can be obtained compared with the traditional circuits.

Analytical solutions for high efficiency maximum power point tracking boost converters

SummaryThis paper presents analytical solutions for high efficiency maximum power point tracking boost converters. Employing analytical approach, it is shown that insertion of a capacitor in parallel with the input voltage source successfully increases the efficiency. Besides, the optimum value for this capacitor is derived. Also, it is proved that the maximum power point of such a boost converter is independent of the input voltage source. In order to evaluate this analytical approach, a typical boost converter is designed in a 180‐nm CMOS technology using Hspice. Based on the simulation results, it is shown that all of the input available power can be stored in the inductor. This proves that, with the aid of the proposed approach, maximum power point tracking can be done by >99% accuracy. Also, the boost converter efficiency is as high as 84% which shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Efficient maximum power point tracking using model predictive control for photovoltaic systems under dynamic weather condition

This study presents a high-efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic (PV) systems by means of model-predictive control (MPC) techniques that is applied to a high-gain DC-DC converter. The high variability and stochastic nature of solar energy requires that the MPPT control continuously adjust the power converter operating point in order to track the changing maximum power point; a concept well known in the literature. The main contribution of this study is a model-predictive-based controller with a fixed step that is combined with the traditional incremental conductance (INC) method. This technique improves the speed at which the controller can track rapid changes in solar insolation and results in an increase in the overall efficiency of the PV system. The controller speeds up convergence since MPC predicts error before the switching signal is applied to the high-gain multilevel DC-DC converter and thus is able to choose the next switch event to minimise error between the commanded and actual converter operation. Comparing the proposed technique to the conventional INC method shows substantial improvement in MPPT effectiveness and PV system performance. The performance of the proposed MPC-MPPT is analysed and validated experimentally.

Design of High Efficient MPPT Solar Inverter

This work aims to design a High Efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Solar Inverter. A boost converter is designed in the system to boost the power from the photovoltaic panel. By this experimental setup a room consisting of 500 Watts load (eight fluorescent tubes) is completely controlled. It is aimed to decrease the maintenance cost. A microcontroller is introduced for tracking the P&O (Perturb and Observe) algorithm used for tracking the maximum power point. The duty cycle for the operation of the boost convertor is optimally adjusted by using MPPT controller. There is a MPPT charge controller to charge the battery as well as fed to inverter which runs the load. Both the P&O scheme with the fixed variation for the reference current and the intelligent MPPT algorithm were able to identify the global Maximum power point, however the performance of the MPPT algorithm was better.

Experimental verification of P&O MPPT algorithm with direct control based on Fuzzy logic control using CUK converter

SUMMARY The choice and design of a high efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is a necessity in the PV system design. Many approaches have been proposed in literature, among them, the methods that are based on perturb and observe (P&O), widely used in commercial products due their simplicity and ease of implementation. In this paper, a new modified P&O (MPPT) method with adaptive duty cycle step size using fuzzy logic controller is proposed. Both, simulation and experimental design are provided in several aspects. The proposed and classical methods are developed and tested successfully using a CUKDC–DC converter, which is connected to a SunTech STP085B model. The proposed method is able to improve the dynamic response and steady-state performance of the PV systems simultaneously and effectively. In addition, analysis and comparison with the conventional fixed step size P&O have been presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A High Efficiency Maximum Power Point Tracker for Photovoltaic Arrays

The photovoltaic (PV) generator exhibits non- linear characteristics and its maximum power point varies with solar insolation and temperature, thus this work deals with the design and implementation of a real time maximum power point tracker(MPPT)for photovoltaic system aiming to improve energy conversion efficiency. A MPPT algorithm is developed using PV array voltage and current information's and the incremental conductance of the PV array, it's implemented by single chip 80C51 microcontroller to control the duty cycle of a boost converter with pulse width modulation (PWM). The practical and Simulation results shows the validity of the designed circuit to improve the tracking efficiencies to get the maximum power point. Key words: solar panel, Maximum Power point tracker (MPPT), microcontroller.