AbstractThis study investigates the impact of dust on radiation over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) during the reported high, low, and normal dust seasons (MarchâAugust) of 2012, 2014, and 2015, respectively. Simulations were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to a Chemistry module (WRFâChem). The simulated seasonal horizontal and vertical dust concentrations, and their interannual distinctions, match well with those from two groundâbased AERONET observations, and measurements from MODIS and CALIOP satellites. The maximum dust concentrations over the dustâsource regions in the southern AP reach vertically upto 700 hPa during the high dust season, but only upto 900â950 hPa during the low/normal dust seasons. Stronger incoming lowâlevel winds along the southern Red Sea and those from Iraq bring in higherâthanânormal dust during the high dust summers. We conducted a sensitivity experiment by switchingâoff the dust module to assess the radiative perturbations due to dust. The results suggest that active dustâmodule improved the fidelity of simulated radiation fluxes distributions at the surface and top of the atmosphere visâĂ âvis Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) measurements. Dust results in a 26 Wmâ2 shortâwave (SW) radiative forcing in the troposphericâcolumn over the AP. The SW radiative forcing increases by another 6â8 Wmâ2 during the high dust season due to the increased number of extreme dust days, which also amplifies atmospheric heating. During extreme dust days, the heating rate exhibits a dipolar structure, with cooling over the Iraq region and warming of 40%â60% over the southernâAP.