High Coffee Consumption Research Articles

Waste-Derived Caffeine for Green Synthesis of Rhenium Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Activity in the Hydrogenation of 4-Nitrophenol

Yearly, thousands of tons of wasted coffee grounds are produced according to high coffee consumption. Still, after the coffee brewing, wasted coffee grounds contain some amounts of caffeine (CAF). CAF, in turn, contains multiple O and N chelating atoms in its structure. These have a potential to be reductors for complexes of metals. In this context, within the present study, a set of CAF extracts derived from coffee beans and coffee grounds were obtained and then used for the one-step reduction of ReO4− ions with no additional toxic chemicals. Within this approach, CAF was applied as a secondary, green resource for the synthesis of unique rhenium nanoparticles (ReNPs) containing Re species at 0 and +6 oxidation states. The obtained ReNPs were identified and characterized with the use of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Further, the capping and stabilization of ReNPs by CAF were verified with the aid of Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The so-obtained “green” ReNPs were then used as a homogenous catalyst in the catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). This new nanomaterial revealed a superior catalytic activity, leading to the complete reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol within 40–60 min with a first-order rate constant of 0.255 min−1.

Association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.

This study investigates the associations between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome and its components, as well as the effect of milk, sugar, and artificial sweeteners on these associations. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 351805 UK Biobank participants. Coffee consumption data were collected via food frequency questionnaires and 24-h recall. Metabolic syndrome was identified through blood biochemistry and self-reported medication use. Odds ratios were calculated using multivariable logistic regression, and results were verified with two-sample Mendelian randomization. Consuming up to two cups of coffee per day was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (1 cup/day: odds ratio [OR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85-0.92; 2 cups/day: OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.93). Higher intakes showed near-null associations. Mendelian randomization did not support a causal link between coffee intake and metabolic syndrome. Both self-reported and genetically predicted high coffee consumption (four cups per day or more) were associated with central obesity. The inverse association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome was more profound among drinkers of ground coffee than those of instant coffee. Results were similar when stratified by the use of milk and sugar, yet the use of artificial sweetener with coffee was positively associated with metabolic syndrome and all component conditions. Coffee consumption may increase the risk of central obesity but is unlikely to impact the risk of metabolic syndrome. The potential health effects of artificial sweeteners in coffee need further investigation.

Assessment of the Impact of Pretreatment of Spent Coffee Grounds with Diluted Sulfuric Acid on the Efficiency of Methane and Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lignocellulosic materials are composed of three major biocomponents such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which form a compact lignocellulosic complex. Characterized by high caloric content, lignocellulosic biomass, including coffee grounds, is a valuable energy source that can be efficiently used in various bioconversion and biotransformation processes. Due to the high consumption of coffee in the world, there is an increasing amount of coffee grounds, which is a rich waste and at the same time a valuable secondary raw material, and its use fits perfectly into a closed-loop economy. Coffee grounds biomass contains polysaccharides, mainly mannans, proteins, lipids, polyphenols, which will allow the development of different biorefinery strategies, the creation of new value-added products with reduced waste generation. The research describes the pre-treatment of coffee grounds with dilute sulfuric acid to evaluate the effect of acid concentration, hydrolysis time on biogas yield, including methane and lactic acid biosynthesis during anaerobic fermentations. A yield of 381.12 mL of CH4/g-VS methane was obtained, accounting for 72.48% of the total biogas composition. It was found that the most efficient sample in terms of substrate pre-treatment for lactic acid biosynthesis was coffee grounds after 90 min hydrolysis with 1.5% H2SO4 at 121 °C.

Characteristics of Arabica and Robusta Spent Coffee Grounds Oil Extract with Different Solvents

Abstract High coffee consumption contributes to waste, such as spent coffee grounds (SCG). SCG contains up to 20 % oil, with the main oil content being linoleic and palmitic fatty acids. So, SCG has the potential to be used in valuable products. This study aims to characterise Arabica and Robusta SCG oil using maceration methods with different solvents (hexane, ethanol, and petroleum benzene) to obtain maximum coffee oil as an alternative. Arabica and Robusta SCG characterisation comprises the composition content, oil yield, fatty acid profile, and viscosity. The results showed that Arabica SCG oil yield was higher than Robusta, with hexane becoming the most efficient solvent to extract the oil, with 28,87% and 25,57%, respectively. The lowest free fatty acid (FFA) found in Arabica SCG oil extract using hexane is 1,95%, which consists of palmitic acid (9.41%), linoleic acid (5.37%), and stearic acid (4.7%). The highest viscosity is Arabica SCG oil extract using hexane, which is caused by the large amount of long-chain fatty acids extracted by the solvent, such as palmitic acid and linoleic acid. The FFA content of Arabica SCG oil extract using hexane has the potential to be edible oil (cooking oil) and biodiesel.

Tea and coffee consumption and risk of acute stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study.

Stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability. Daily tea/coffee intake is consumed by > 50% of populations and may represent an important population-level exposure. Therefore, it is first essential that we better understand the associations between the tea/coffee intake and stroke. This research aims to generate hypotheses about the global associations between tea and coffee intake and stroke. These insights will identify interventions for stroke prevention that can be further explored using alternative study designs. INTERSTROKE is a large international matched case-control study of first stroke from 32 countries. Participants were asked "how many cups do you drink each day?" of coffee, green tea, black tea, and other tea. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between intake and stroke. We included 13,462 cases and 13,488 controls from INTERSTROKE; mean age was 61.7 (13.4) years and 59.6% (n = 16,010) were male. Overall, 19.4% (n = 5239) did not consume tea/coffee, 47.0% (n = 12,666) consumed tea only, 14.9% (n = 4024) consumed coffee alone, and 18.6% (n = 5021) consumed both, with significant regional variations. After multivariable adjustment, there was no association between low/moderate coffee intake and stroke, but high consumption (> 4/day) was associated with higher odds of all stroke (OR = 1.37 (95% CI = 1.06-1.77)) or ischemic stroke (OR = 1.32 (95% CI = 1.00-1.74)). Tea consumption was associated with lower odds of all (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.69-0.94) for highest intake) or ischemic stroke (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.68-0.98) for highest intake). High coffee consumption was associated with higher odds of all or ischemic stroke; low-moderate coffee had no association with stroke. In contrast, tea consumption was associated with lower odds of stroke. These associations suggest that individuals consider avoiding high coffee consumption (⩾ five cups/day) to impact future stroke risk. The design and rationale of INTERSTROKE was published previously. Individual participant data, or other documents are not available.

Optimization of coffee vinegar production from cherry Pulp as by product of arabica coffee processing

Abstract The current high consumption of coffee globally has an impact on the abundance of by-products of coffee processing in the form of cherry pulp which are considered waste and cause environmental problems. The waste from arabica coffee is potential economic value products such as fermented vinegar because of its rich nutrients. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal conditions for acetic acid fermentation and the influence of yeast concentration and nitrogen sources fermented for 60 days. The research was carried out in two stages of fermentation using the Orleans method. Anaerobic alcohol fermentation (20 days) followed by aerobic acetic acid fermentation (40 days). A Randomized Block Factorial Design was used with 2 factors, namely yeast concentration (S15% and S210%) and NPK (N10g, N25g, and N310g), repeated 3 times. Observations on alcoholic fermentation were carried out every 5 days for 20 days regarding ethanol levels. Meanwhile, in acetic acid fermentation, 2.5% vinegar starter was added for each treatment and observations were made every 10 days for 40 days regarding the yield, acetic acid content, pH value and total dissolved solids. The results showed that the highest formation of acetic acid was obtained on day 30 of fermentation. The highest acetic acid content was obtained in the treatment S210%: N25g of 5.27%, pH value of 3.46, TSS value of 0.49 °Bx with a total yield of 42.93%. This is in line with the ethanol content previously formed on day 20 of 11.04% in the same treatment. This value meets the quality standards for fermented vinegar according to SNI 01-4371-1996 by at least 4%.

Dietary Caffeine and Brain Dopaminergic Function in Parkinson Disease.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary caffeine intake on striatal dopamine function and clinical symptoms in Parkinson disease in a cross-sectional and longitudinal setting. One hundred sixty-three early Parkinson disease patients and 40 healthy controls were investigated with [123I]FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography, and striatal dopamine transporter binding was evaluated in association with the level of daily coffee consumption and clinical measures. After a median interval of 6.1 years, 44 patients with various caffeine consumption levels underwent clinical and imaging reexamination including blood caffeine metabolite profiling. Unmedicated early Parkinson disease patients with high coffee consumption had 8.3 to 15.4% lower dopamine transporter binding in all studied striatal regions than low consumers, after accounting for age, sex, and motor symptom severity. Higher caffeine consumption was further associated with a progressive decline in striatal binding over time. No significant effects of caffeine on motor function were observed. Blood analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between caffeine metabolites after recent caffeine intake and dopamine transporter binding in the ipsilateral putamen. Chronic caffeine intake prompts compensatory and cumulative dopamine transporter downregulation, consistent with caffeine's reported risk reduction in Parkinson disease. However, this decline does not manifest in symptom changes. Transiently increased dopamine transporter binding after recent caffeine intake has implications for dopaminergic imaging guidelines. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:262-275.

Association between coffee and tea consumption and ovarian cancer incidence: A prospective analysis in the PLCO dataset.

Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between coffee and tea consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer (OC) is inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively investigate this topic in a large prospective cohort study. This cohort study included 24,715 individuals recruited from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trials between 1993 and 2001. The data used for our analysis included the latest follow-up information collected up to 2015. Coffee intake of ≥4 cups/day (hazard ratio [HR], 0.586; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.356-0.966) or caffeine intake of 458.787 mg/day (HR, 0.607; 95% CI: 0.411-0.895) were associated with the lowest HR of incident OC in the fully adjusted model. Participants who consumed varying amounts of tea did not exhibit a statistically significant reduction in the risk of OC. Our findings suggest that a higher consumption of coffee or caffeine is associated with a reduced risk of OC. However, no statistically significant association was observed between tea consumption and the risk of OC.

The association between wet overactive bladder and consumption of tea, coffee, and caffeine: Results from 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background & aimsPrevious studies have reported an inconsistent relationship between overactive bladder (OAB) and the consumption of tea, coffee, and caffeine. Our study aims to determine these associations in a large and nationally representative adult sample. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 15,379 participants from the 2005-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The outcome was the risk of wet OAB that was diagnosed when the OAB symptom score was ≥3 with urgent urinary incontinence and excluded other diseases affecting diagnosis. The exposures were the consumption of tea, coffee, and caffeine. Weighted logistic regression models were established to explore these associations by calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), as did restricted cubic splines (RCS) used to analyze the nonlinear associations. ResultOf all the participants (n = 15,379), 2207 had wet OAB. Mean [SE] consumption of tea, total coffee, caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and caffeine was 233.6 [15.7] g/day, 364.3 [15.5] g/day, 301.6 [14.9] g/day, 62.7 [7.9] g/day, 175.5 [6.6] mg/day in participants with wet OAB, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, compared to those without tea consumption, the high consumption of tea (>481 g/day) was associated with an increased risk of wet OAB (OR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.01-1.64). Low decaffeinated coffee (0.001-177.6 g/day) had a negative association with the risk (OR: 0.66; 95%CI: 0.49-0.90). In the RCS analysis, tea consumption showed a positive linear association with the risk of wet OAB, and decaffeinated coffee showed a nonlinear relationship with the risk and had a turning point of 78 g/day in the U-shaped curve between 0-285 g/day. Besides, total coffee, caffeinated coffee, and caffeine consumption had no significant association with the risk. Interestingly, in the high tea consumption, participants with high total coffee consumption [>527.35 g/day, OR and 95%CI: 2.14(1.16-3.94)] and low caffeine consumption [0.1-74.0 mg/day, OR and 95%CI: 1.50(1.03-2.17)] were positively associated with the risk of wet OAB. ConclusionHigh tea consumption was associated with the increased risk of wet OAB, especially intake together with high total coffee and low caffeine consumption, but no significant association with the single consumption of total coffee and caffeine. Low decaffeinated coffee was associated with a decreased risk of wet OAB. It is necessary to control tea intake when managing the liquid intake of wet OAB patients.

Effects of sugary drinks, coffee, tea and fruit juice on incidence rate, mortality and cardiovascular complications of type2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AimsDespite more and more studies indicate that beverages play an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), the efficacy of intaking different beverages for T2DM has not been clearly stated in one article. The meta-analysis was performed, which aims to assess the effects of beverages on mortality and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and the incidence of T2DM.MethodPubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were search up to March, 2023 to identify relevant studies, including studies researching beverage consumption, the incidence and mortality of T2DM and incidence of cardiovascular disease, a kind of complication of T2DM. The way to explore the source of heterogeneity is performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Funnel plots and Egger’s regression test were performed to assess publication bias. The Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to analysis the results. Fifteen observational studies were included in our meta-analysis.ResultsFifteen eligible articles were included sugar-sweetened beverages(SSB) consumption increased the mortality and incidence of T2DM ( Hazard ratio (HR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.38; P = 0.01 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.06–1.24; P = 0.001), respectively. Artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) consumption was not associated with the mortality and incidence of T2DM (HR,0.96;95%CI, 0.86–1.07; P = 0.464 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.05–1.26; P = 0.003), respectively. Fruit juice consumption increased the incidence of T2DM (HR,1.08;95%CI,1.02–1.14, P = 0.296).Tea or coffee consumption can reduce the incidence of T2DM (HR, 0.89; 95%CI,0.81–0.98; P = 0.016). Tea or coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of mortality of T2DM (HR,0.84; 95% Cl, 0.75–0.94; P = 0.002 and HR,0.75; 95% CI, 0.65–0.87; P < 0.001), respectively. Additionally, beverage consumption was not associated with cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients (HR,1.03; 95% Cl, 0.82–1.30, P > 0.05).ConclusionsHigh consumption of SSBs led to a higher risk and mortality of T2DM, while high consumption of coffee or tea showed significant associations with a lower risk of the incidence and mortality of T2DM.

Caffeine Extraction from Spent Coffee Grounds by Solid-liquid and Ultrasound-assisted Extraction: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study

Coffee is the most essential drink today, aside from water, the high consumption of coffee and the byproducts of its soluble industries such as spent coffee grounds can have a negative effect on the environment as a source of toxic organic compounds. Therefore, caffeine removal from the spent coffee ground can be applied as a method to limit the effect of its production on the environment. The aim of this study is to determine the kinetics and thermodynamics parameters and develop models for both processes based on the process parameters by using traditional solid-liquid extraction and Ultrasound-assisted extraction methods. The processes were performed at a temperature range of 25 to 55 °C for traditional and ultrasound baths, and experimental time ranged from 5- 60 min. The results demonstrated that under the above conditions, the extraction process applies to the pseudo-first-order reaction, where the rate constant K value increases with temperature. The transition state parameters were also discussed where these parameters indicated that the system of the process exhibited an activated complex formation state resulting in a thermodynamically unfavorable process, and the thermodynamic parameters at the equilibrium state were also evaluated in terms of the obtained yield percentage. The results also showed that the ultrasound-assisted bath process showed a spontaneous behavior at temperatures of 45 °C and 55 °C with D°G of -1192.9703 and - 2725.25 J/mole. On the other hand, for the traditional method, the extraction process was approaching a spontaneous behavior with the temperature increasing where at 25 °C the D°G value was 10379.944 J and at a temperature of 55 °C it reached 8004.26 J/mole.

Abstract P429: Coffee Intake is Associated With Enhanced Insulin Sensitivity, Lower Post-Load Glucose Responses, and Lower Truncal Adiposity

Higher coffee consumption has been associated with lower type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that coffee intake is associated with improved glycemia insulin sensitivity, and reduced adiposity. We leveraged data in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 Trial (VITAL), a completed placebo-controlled 5-year trial including 25871 participants. Coffee intake was assessed by a diet questionnaire at baseline and year 2. In the VITAL clinical subcohort (n= 1054), glucose metabolism and insulin resistance were assessed by a 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test, body composition was measured by the dual X-ray absorptiometry, at baseline and year 2. We analyzed the association of coffee intake with glycemic traits and body composition, leveraging repeated assessments using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Secondarily, we tested associations between coffee intake and T2D risk, in 22327 initially T2D-free individuals (482 cases in 5 years of follow-up) using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. While coffee intake was not associated with fasting glucose or insulin levels, it was significantly associated with lower levels of 2-hr post-load glucose (SD difference per cup increment β = -0.062, P = 0.04) and insulin (β = -0.064, P = 0.02), and a higher metabolic clearance rate of glucose (β= 0.057, P = 0.007) and insulin sensitivity index (β= 0.059, P = 0.02). The associations were consistent for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Further, caffeinated coffee intake was associated with higher body weight (β= 0.018, P = 0.02), but total coffee intake was associated with a lower truncal to limb fat ratio before and after adjusting for BMI (β= -0.057, P = 0.03). We did not observe evidence of association with incident T2D (HR =0.63; 95% CI 0.15-2.50). Higher coffee intake was associated with improved post-load glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, and lower truncal adiposity. The figure displays result estimates of linear mixed models. Asterisks represent associations P &lt; 0.05.

Indonesia’s Economic Diplomacy to South Korea in Increasing Coffee Exports in 2016 – 2021

As a coffee-producing country, Indonesia needs help exporting its coffee to South Korea, which has high coffee consumption. It causes the value and volume of Indonesian coffee exports to fall below expectations. This research aims to discuss the export of Indonesian coffee to South Korea by using international trade theory and the concept of economic diplomacy. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with primary data from semi-structured interviews, while secondary data is obtained from documents and literature related to data collection collected from January – April 2023. The results of this study are economic diplomacy carried out to maximize Indonesian coffee exports in 2016 – 2021, consisting of business matching, coffeeversation, the Seoul coffee expo and Seoul café show, and the role of government and private actors. These efforts significantly increased the value and volume of Indonesian coffee exports to South Korea the following year.

Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.

Previous research has examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Preclinical studies have indicated the potential hepatoprotective properties of cocoa/chocolate. However, clinical research on the consumption of cocoa/chocolate and soft drinks and their relation to NAFLD, particularly among individuals with metabolic syndrome, is limited. This study primarily aimed to assess the association between beverage consumption and NAFLD in these patients. This cross-sectional study enrolled adult patients with metabolic syndrome visited the Medicine Outpatient Department at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from November 2011 to January 2013. The exclusion criteria were secondary causes of hepatic steatosis, such as excessive alcohol use, viral hepatitis, or drug-induced hepatitis. Participants completed a 23-item self-administered questionnaire covering their beverage consumption habits, including type, frequency, volume, duration, and additives in drinks, namely, coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks. To ensure accurate responses, these questionnaires were supplemented by face-to-face interviews. Ultrasonography was employed early in the methodology to diagnose NAFLD. Univariable analyses were used to compare the beverage consumption behaviors of participants with and without NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, including total beverage energy intake, age, anthropometric data, laboratory results, and comorbidities. This study included 505 patients with metabolic syndrome. Of these, 341 (67.5%, 95%CI: 63.2-71.6%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. The consumption rates of coffee, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks were similar between the two groups. However, tea consumption was significantly more common in patients with NAFLD (68.3% vs. 51.8%, p < 0.001). The groups had no significant differences in caffeine intake or total energy intake from beverages. Notably, daily intake of three or more cups of coffee was correlated with a reduced prevalence of NAFLD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.35 (95%CI: 0.14-0.89). This study revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome, irrespective of NAFLD status, exhibited similar patterns of beverage consumption. While no definitive associations were identified between the intake of coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, or soft drinks and NAFLD, a notable exception was observed. A higher consumption of coffee (≥3 cups daily) was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD.

The association between plain water intake and periodontitis in the population aged over 45: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2009–2014

BackgroundNumerous studies have demonstrated the impact of beverage consumption on overall health and oral health. Specifically, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and coffee has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders and periodontitis. Conversely, high intake of plain water has been linked to various health benefits, including weight management and reduced energy intake. However, no previous studies have explored the potential association between plain water intake and the risk of periodontitis.ObjectivesOur objective was to investigate the relationship between plain water consumption and periodontitis in a middle-aged and elderly population.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged ≥ 45 in the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Multivariable regression analysis, subgroup analysis and smooth fitting tests were conducted to explore the independent relationship between plain water intake and periodontitis.ResultsA total of 5,882 participants were enrolled,62.02% have periodontitis. Periodontitis patients have lower plain water intake. The multivariable regression tests showed that the risk of periodontitis decreased with increased plain water intake quartiles (Q4 OR = 0.78; 95%CI 0.62–0.96) after fully adjustment. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests showed that gender, age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension or BMI does not significantly interact with the association. However, the relation was significant in males (Q4 OR = 0.64; 95%CI 0.47–0.86) but not in females (Q4 OR = 0.97;95% CI 0.71–1.31). In the smoothed curve fits stratified by gender, the curve for male participants displayed as a U-shape, with an optimal plain water intake at 1200 ml/day. For males drinking plain water less than 1200 ml/day, the risk of periodontitis decreased by 24% with each increase of 500 ml plain water intake (OR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.66–0.87, p < 0.001).ConclusionsTogether, the results showed that plain water intake is negatively associated with periodontitis risk in US middle aged and elderly population. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism unites this association. Attention should be given to adequate plain water intake when considering dietary suggestions to the population at high risk of developing periodontitis, especially for men.

Association Between Instant Coffee Consumption and the Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results From a Community-Based Prospective Cohort.

A poor diet is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The interaction between dietary factors and cigarette smoking in the development of COPD is unclear. We investigated the interactions between dietary patterns and smoking status on COPD-related outcomes. We used data from the Anseong-Ansan cohort that has been followed for 20 years. A total of 6,221 individuals without COPD in the baseline survey were analyzed. Five dietary patterns were identified using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Associations of dietary patterns with COPD and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio in different strata of smoking status were evaluated using Cox regression and linear mixed models, respectively. The highest quartile of the "coffee" pattern (high coffee consumption) was associated with COPD (hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.08) and lower FEV1/FVC ratio (β = -1.2%; 95% CI, -1.9% to -0.6%) using the lowest quartile as a reference for heavy smokers, but not light or never smokers (P value for interaction = 0.035 for COPD). Regarding the associations between various consumption levels of black coffee, combined coffee, and instant coffee and COPD, an association with COPD was only observed for instant coffee in heavy smokers. High instant coffee consumption is associated with COPD development in heavy smokers, but not in light or never smokers. This may be attributed to sugar and cream in instant coffee mixes.

Association of coffee consumption with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in adults with familial hypercholesterolemia: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

ObjectiveFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited metabolic disorder with an elevated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The effects of coffee on FH individuals remain unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the association between coffee consumption and ASCVD and mortality in adults with clinical diagnosed FH. Material and methodsCross-sectional and prospective (up to December 31st, 2019) analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. Coffee consumption was calculated by 24-hour dietary recalls. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression and Cox analysis were performed to evaluated the relationship between coffee consumption and ASCVD and all-cause mortality. ResultsA total of 1008 FH individuals with coffee information were included and were categorized into four groups: 357 (35.42%) did not consume coffee on a regular basis, 390 (38.69%) consumed 0.5–3 cups per day, 141 (13.99%) consumed 3–5 cups per day and 120 (11.90%) ≥5 cups per day. Higher coffee or caffeine consumption was associated with elevated risk of ASCVD and heart attack. Compared to non-coffee drinkers, ≥5 cups coffee drinking was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (multivariate HR: 1.67, 95%CI: 1.02–2.73, P=0.04). The risk of all-cause death increased dose-dependently along with the higher coffee or caffeine intake (P<0.05). The results remained similar among those who excluded non-coffee drinkers. ConclusionCoffee consumption of up to five cups per day was associated with unfavorable ASCVD and all-cause mortality, suggesting that high coffee consumption should be avoided among patients with FH.

High coffee consumption is not associated with less liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis: Results of the COCANASH study

BackgroundThe beneficial effect of coffee consumption on the progression of liver fibrosis in NASH is controversial. AimsTo compare coffee consumption in NASH patients with and without advanced fibrosis. MethodsCross-sectional observational study on 97 patients with NASH diagnosed by histology or the association of steatosis, metabolic syndrome, elastometry>6kPa, and exclusion of other liver diseases. Usual coffee and caffeine intake were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Liver fibrosis was evaluated by elastometry (advanced fibrosis if ≥10kPa). ResultsAmong the 97 patients, 49 patients (51%) had non-advanced fibrosis (group 1) and 48 (49%) advanced fibrosis (group 2). The mean consumption of caffeine from coffee was 251mg±293 per day in group 1 and 257mg±286 per day in group 2 (P=0.92). In multivariable analysis, the odds ratio for the mean consumption of caffeine from coffee (100mg/d) between groups was 1.00 (1.00–1.00, P=0.92). There was no correlation between elastometry and the consumption of caffeine from coffee. ConclusionWe found no relationship between caffeine or coffee consumption and the degree of liver fibrosis in NASH. Our result does not support a beneficial effect of coffee consumption on the progression of fibrosis in NASH.

Preventive effects of caffeine on nicotine plus high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and gain weight: a possible explanation for why obese smokers with high coffee consumption tend to be leaner.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver disorder, affecting approximately 25 % of the population. Coffee-drinking obese smokers exhibit lower body weights and decreased NAFLD rates, but the reasons behind this remain unclear. Additionally, the effect of nicotine, the main component of tobacco, on the development of NAFLD is still controversial. Our study aimed to explore the possible reasons that drinking coffee could alleviate NAFLD and gain weight and identify the real role of nicotine in NAFLD of obese smokers. A NAFLD model in mice was induced by administering nicotine and a high-fat diet (HFD). We recorded changes in body weight and daily food intake, measured the weights of the liver and visceral fat, and observed liver and adipose tissue histopathology. Lipid levels, liver function, liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum inflammatory cytokine levels and the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Our results demonstrated that nicotine exacerbated the development of NAFLD and caffeine had a hepatoprotective effect on NAFLD. The administration of caffeine could ameliorate nicotine-plus-HFD-induced NAFLD by reducing lipid accumulation, regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory response and restoring hepatic functions. Theseresultsmight explainwhyobese smokers with high coffee consumption exhibit the lower incidencerate of NAFLD and tend to be leaner. It is essential to emphasise that the detrimental impact of smoking on health is multifaceted. Smoking cessation remains the sole practical and effective strategy for averting the tobacco-related complications and reducing the risk of mortality.

The Relationship Between Coffee Consumption and The Incident of Gastritis in Adolescents at Siere Cendekia Vocational School

Background: Based on the 2019 Health Profile, gastritis is one of the 10 most common diseases in hospitalized patients in Indonesia with 4.9% of cases. The results of the Health Profile of the Tangerang Health Service were 30%. Indonesian coffee consumption throughout the 2016-2021 period is predicted to grow by an average of 8.22%/year. In 2021, coffee supply is predicted to reach 795 thousand tons with consumption of 370 thousand tons, resulting in a surplus of 425 thousand tons. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between coffee consumption and the occurrence of gastritis in Siere Cendekia Vocational Schooladolescents.Research Methods: This research uses a cross sectional method. The research sample was 140 respondents using the Proportionate Stratify Randpm Sampling technique..Research Result: Analysis of the relationship between high coffee consumption showed that there were 74 respondents (52.9%) who had problems with gastritis. Meanwhile, there were 66 students (47.1%) who had low coffee consumption.Conclusion: There is a relationship between coffee consumption and the incidence of gastritis in Siere Cendekia Vocational Schooladolescents.