High Risk Of Accidents Research Articles

Sympathetic Nerve Control of Blood Pressure Response during Exercise in Peripheral Artery Disease and Current Application of Experimental Disease Models.

In patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), the blood supply directed to the lower limbs is reduced. This results in severe limb ischemia and thereby intermittent claudicating which is characterized by pain in lower limbs that occurs with walking and is relieved by rest. Of note, PAD can extremely affect the quality of living of patients and increase high risk of coronary and cerebral vascular accidents. However, effective treatments of PAD are still challenging in clinics. A number of reports have demonstrated the beneficial effects of supervised exercise on symptoms of PAD patients. This review will summarize results obtained from recent human and animal studies, which include the abnormalities in sympathetic control of blood pressure response during exercise in PAD, and rationality of animal models used for study human PAD. Nonetheless, additional in-depth studies are necessary to better explore the underlying mechanisms of the exaggerated responses of sympathetic nerve and blood pressure in PAD at molecular and cellular levels.

ANALISIS KESELAMATAN LALU-LINTAS JL.SOEKARNO HATTA BALIKPAPAN

Soekarno Hatta Road is one of the road shaft beetween Balikpapan and Samarinda which has 119 kilometres long. This road is province roads that had been through out or passed by with typical heavy and light vehicles which has high intensity accident level. This research is aimed to devise factor and characteristic of accidents along Sokearno Hatta roads from zero kilometres until 13th kilometres. 
 This research begun with roads survey observation and secondary data collection including with roads accidents documents for the pass 3 years.( which is in years of 2015 – 2017). Data analysis prepared with calculating numbers of accidents using formula EAN (Equivalent Accidents Number) and UCL Method (Upper Control Limit) for determination area with high risk accidents (Black Spot). Anatomy Accidents Data Documents were enumerated to analyze in that specified area. That can be conclude that the numbers of accidents on Soekarno Hatta Street from zero kilometres until 13th kilometreswith EAN method i.g : more than 84 times bigger different from UCL value i.g: 43,3. Accidents that was happened in the mornings at weekdays Monday to Friday which were implicate 2 motorcycles and passenger in fifthteen till twenty years old students (boys).

Impact Analysis of Ban of Commercial Motorcycle on Commuters in the University of Ibadan Campus

In Nigeria, commercial motorcycle operations (CMO) can be traced back to the period 1970-1980. Their emergence is primarily a result of public transport failure and economic downturn in that period. Up until recently, CMO have been a major means of intra-city public transport. Now, its operations have been prohibited or limited in many urban centers and campuses due to its connection to crime and high risk of accidents. Many studies have attempted to research the impacts of its ban on urban commuters' traffic behavior, with total neglect for campuses. Hence, this study attempts to assess the impacts of ban of CMO on commuters in the University of Ibadan Campus, within a year, its activities was proscribed. The study adopted survey research design. Primary and secondary data were sourced. Both random and purposive sampling techniques was used in selecting 300 students from a total students population of 35000 and 50 staff from a total staff population 3,684. A set of pre-tested questionnaire was administered on 350 commuters comprising mainly of students and staff selected randomly from the total student and staff population. Information gathered includes socio-economic characteristics of university commuters (students and staff), social economic impacts of ban of commercial motorcycles and its impacts on students’ activities on campus. Data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive (tables, frequency counts and percentage.) and inferential (T-test and Chi Square) statistics. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested. Paired sample t-test statistics was used to analyze the difference between cost of trips before ban of commercial motorcycles operations in the university and after the ban. The results of the analysis revealed that cost of trips increased significantly by N15.28 (p=0.045). Chi square test was used to test significance difference in university commuters’ modal mode of transport before and after the ban. The chi square results gives a chi square value 74.235 which is significant (p=.000). Thus, the study confirmed that the ban of commercial motorcycles operations in the university have significant negative impacts on university commuters, especially students. The study therefore, suggest an inclusive transportation policy for university community, one that focus development on infrastructure, improvement in transport infrastructure and effective management of university commuters’ demand. Keywords : Impact Analysis; Ban of Commercial Motorcycle operations; University of Ibadan; campus planning; commuter. DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-6-07 Publication date: June 30 th 2020

PEMBERDAYAAN GURU, STAF DAN ORANG TUA KB TK KHADIJAH DALAM PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN DENGAN PELATIHAN BLS DAN AMBULASI

AbstrakThe jurisdiction of Polrestabes Surabaya was ranked in the top 3 contributors to the number of traffic accidents of 39 Polres in the East Java Regional Police in 2017. KB Khadijah Kindergarten is in the middle of Surabaya and an area with heavy traffic, so there is a high risk of traffic accidents, but the school has never received material and information about first aid in an accident so that if there is an accident the teacher and staf are not ready and unable to provide help properly. The purpose of this community service is to provide knowledge and abilities to teachers, staff, and parents to be able to do first aid in an accident. The method used in this empowerment is lectures and demonstrations about first aid in accidents which include Basic Life Support (BLS), splinting & Bandaging, and ambulation/transportation and also using leaflet media. As many as 47 people consisting of teachers, staf and parents participated in this activity and also carried out an evaluation of knowledge and self efficacythrough pre-test and post-test. The results achieved through this activity is that there is an increase in knowledge and self-efficacy in conducting first aid in an accident. This is because the lecture, simulation, and also leaflet methods can provide a technically clear description so that participants know and can practice relief assistance in accidents. Subsequent community service activities are expected to achieve wider goals and diverse communities.

Electric Vehicle Tour Planning Considering Range Anxiety

In this study, the tour planning problem for electric vehicles is investigated. We aim to derive the optimal route and thus, to maximize profitability and minimize range anxiety within the time horizon. To solve this problem, a bi-objective mixed integer model is proposed. Specifically, we first introduced the reliability of route planning and quantified it as a cost with specific functions. The nonlinear model was then converted into a bi-objective mixed integer linear program, and an interactive branch and bound algorithm was adopted. Numerical experiments conducted on different networks have shown that the model that considers range anxiety offers more effective solutions. This means that our model is able to plan the routes with high reliability and low risk of profit loss and accidents.

PENENTUAN ALTERNATIF STRATEGI MITIGASI RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA DENGAN METODE ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS DI PT XYZ

Work health and safety (WHS) issues in the construction sector in Indonesia still require better attention considering that this sector has a very high risk of work accidents. To minimize the risk of work accidents, a risk mitigation strategy is needed as part of decision making. There are many factors that can trigger the cause of work accidents. This study aims to determine the potential causes of the risk of workplace accidents and determine their mitigation strategies. The main process carried out is the determination of the criteria that cause occupational accidents and the analysis of the determination of work accident risk mitigation strategies. Given the interrelationships between criteria, sub-criteria and alternatives, the method used is the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The results showed that the cause of WHS risk in the construction sector was dominated by environmental criteria of 0.254; followed by material criteria of 0.207; human criteria of 0.138; machine criteria of 0.125 and method criteria of 0.058. While the main ranking in the sub-criteria is the temperature of the production room which has a value of 0.129 and the most recent ranking is the material placement method which has a value of 0.019. From these results, it can be seen that there is a relationship between environmental criteria and the production room sub- criteria. In the process of determining the risk mitigation strategy as part of decision making, an alternative strategy that has the highest weight is the addition of air circulation with a weight of 30.6%.

PERTOLONGAN KEPALA RUANGAN KEPADA PERAWAT YANG MENGALAMI CEDERA: STUDI FENOMENOLOGI

Nurse is a profession which has a high risk of illness or accidents due to work. To overcome this problem, all parties, especially the head nurse, are needed. The purpose of this study was to get a description of experience from heads nurse when facing a situation where nurses in their ward experienced an accident or illness due to work. This study used a qualitative design with phenomenological approach. The number of participants in this study were 7 head nurses who were interviewed with in-depth interview techniques related to their experience caring for nurses who suffered from injuries or illness due to work, particularly while working as head nurse. There were 8 identified themes for the research, they are: providing immediate assistance when a nurse was injured or sick, conducting further examinations to ensure the health of nurses, monitoring the health of staff during treatment, limiting their work, providing more rest time, proposing ward exchange, trying to maintain the feelings of nurses suffering from infectious diseases, providing motivation and more approach to nurses who are sick. In conclusion: in this study it was found that heads nurses made various efforts to overcome conditions where nurses in their ward suffered from injuries or sick.

Identification of aggressive driving from naturalistic data in car-following situations

Introduction: Aggressive driving has been associated as one of the causes for crashes, sometimes with very serious consequences. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of identifying aggressive driving in car-following situations on motorways by simple jerk metrics derived from naturalistic data. Method: We investigate two jerk metrics, one for large positive jerk and the other for large negative jerk, when drivers are operating the gas and brake pedal, respectively. Results: The results obtained from naturalistic data from five countries in Europe show that the drivers from different countries have a significantly different number of large positive and large negative jerks. Male drivers operate the vehicle with significantly larger number of negative jerks compared to female drivers. The validation of the jerk metrics in identifying aggressive driving is performed by tailgating (following a leading vehicle in a close proximity) and by a violator/non-violator categorization derived from self-reported questionnaires. Our study shows that the identification of aggressive driving could be reinforced by the number of large negative jerks, given that the drivers are tailgating, or by the number of large positive jerks, given that the drivers are categorized as violators. Practical applications: The possibility of understanding, classifying, and quantifying aggressive driving behavior and driving styles with higher risk for accidents can be used for the development of driver support and coaching programs that promote driver safety and are enabled by the vast collection of driving data from modern in-vehicle monitoring and smartphone technology.

Fuzzy logic-based decision-making system design for safe forklift truck speed: cast cobblestone production application

This paper presents a model in which “fuzzy logic multi-criteria decision-making method” is suggested to determine real-time forklift speed to reduce occupational accidents caused by operators. The model developed in the study uses the variables: the weight and height of the load carried by the forklift, the number of products on its pallet, the places with high risk of accident, and the wet-dry condition of the ground. In order to evaluate the performance of the suggested model, a data set comprises 128 different conditions in cast cobblestone production. Determined forklift speeds were compared with the forklift speeds determined by fuzzy logic using statistically analyses. Results showed that fuzzy logic model has a high accuracy and low error. Fuzzy logic modeling has proved to be a good way to decide the real-time speed of the forklifts being used in production without compromising occupational safety. Friedman test and Wilcoxon test have been used to estimate the significance of fuzzy logic method. The fuzzy logic results showed that our method achieved better results compared to beginner operator.

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Drivers Involved in Road Traffic Accidents in Baghdad City

In this study, a total of (200) people (170 men and 30 women), aged (20-60) years were enrolled during a period of 10 months in Baghdad city. The informed consent of the studied groups was first taken and the blood alcohol levels after accidents showed negative results. The control group consisted of 100 individuals (60 men and 40 women), residents of the same region and in the same age group with no clinical signs and symptoms of toxoplasmosis. The commercial IgG and IgM ELISA kits were used to examine the collected serum samples. The serological test results of the studied group (SG) showed that 92(21.90%) were IgG positive, 75(17.85%) were IgM positive when compared with the control group (CG) who showed 11(2.61%) IgG positive and 33(7.857%) IgM positive. We can conclude that there is a high traffic accident risk to the drivers because of the high seroprevalence of latent toxoplasmosis. Prospective studies are still recommended and latent toxoplasmosis of the car drivers should be considered while strategies are being designed to prevent traffic road accidents in Baghdad.

EFFECT OF THERAPY WITH A FIXED COMBINATION OF PERINDOPRIL AND AMLODIPINE ON VASCULAR AGE AND 5-YEAR RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND MILLITUS DIABETES TYPE 2

In recent years, the concept of cardiovascular risk factors, one of which is the process of vascular aging, has been of great interest. 30 patients with stage 2-3 of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 45 to 65 years were included, including 23 women and 7 men. Patients after the washout period a fixed combination of perindopril with amlodipine (the original drug Prestans, AO Servier) in the form of tablets (perindopril arginine / amlodipine bezilat) were prescribed for 12 weeks, 1 time per day. Vascular age and 5-year risk of developing cardiovascular complications were calculated on the calculator app for smartphones ADVANTAGE AGE (Les laboratories Servier version 2, 2015). After 12-week therapy with a fixed combination of perindopril and amlodipine, the achievement of target blood pressure values was noted in 100 % of patients. The average passport age of the patients included in the study was (61,9 ± 4,4) [45; 65] years. In assessment vascular age, there was a statistically significant initial increase in vascular age above the passport age - (69,3 ± 8,5) [55; 89] years. 46,7 % of patients have an average risk of developing cardiovascular complications and 53,3 % of patients have a high risk of cardiovascular accidents. After 12 weeks of therapy with arginine perindopril and amlodipine bezilate, there was a significant decrease of vascular age to 63,1 ± 5,6 [51; 73] years, a decrease in the percentage of patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications to 23,4 % (p < 0,05), due to patients with average risk (53,3 %, at p < 0,05), and the appearance of patients (3,3 %) with a low risk of cardiovascular accidents within 5 years. In patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes millitus type 2, vascular age significantly increases in comparison with the passport age. The use of a fixed combination of perindopril arginine / amlodipine bezilate for 12 weeks in this category of patients significantly reduces the vascular age of patients and reduces the frequency of detection of patients with high and medium risk of cardiovascular accidents.

Síndrome de Apnea obstructiva del sueño: Evaluación diagnóstica y tratamiento

El Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAHOS) es uno de los trastornos del sueño más frecuentes en toda población, que se asocia a mala calidad de vida y alto riesgo de accidentes, enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas. Su diagnóstico requiere alta sospecha clínica y la realización de un estudio de monitoreo del sueño. La terapia basada en el uso de dispositivos de presión positiva en la vía aérea (CPAP) ha demostrado muy alta eficacia para resolver el trastorno respiratorio y se asocia a reducción de los daños de la salud relacionados al SAHOS.

Environmental Sensitivity Index maps in a high maritime transit area: The Moroccan coast of the Gibraltar Strait study case

The Strait of Gibraltar separates Europe and Africa and constitutes an important maritime transit area with an associated high risk of oil spill accidents. In this paper, a geomorphologic and environmental study has been carried out to obtain Environmental Sensitivity (ESI) Maps to beach oiling events along the protected coastline of Jbel Moussa (north Mediterranean coast of Morocco), which belongs to the Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean (IBRM) and is declared as RAMSAR site.ESI maps are of great interest to generate information about coastline sensitivity and provide a concise summary of coastal resources that are at risk as well as allow choosing sound cleanup strategies. Results show that beaches investigated have a high diversity in geomorphology and dynamic behaviours and show sediments with different level of permeability. These factors are of great interest to determine the hydrocarbons residence time in beach sediments. This coastline also showed a great diversity of flora, with an important forested area, a lagoon and fauna, which includes mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. Further, the area constitutes a natural refuge for migratory birds and hosts a small colony of Barbary Macaque. Anthropogenic uses are very limited because it is a rural area characterized by agricultural and traditional fishing activities.The crossing of the information obtained allowed determining different degrees of coastal sensitivity and accessibility, sound methods and techniques of intervention and cleanup, which ranged from natural recovery to flushing/washing. Last, taking into account the road network connections, four hydrocarbons stocking areas were determined.

Public awareness, acceptability and risk perception about infectious diseases dual-use research of concern: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to measure the awareness, acceptability and perceptions of current issues in biosecurity posed by infectious diseases dual-use research of concern (DURC) in the community. DURC...

Relationship between long work hours and self-reported sleep disorders of non-shift daytime wage workers in South Korea: data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey.

BackgroundStudies have investigated the relationship between long work hours and sleep disorders; however, they have focused on shift workers or specific workers who are at high risk of industrial accidents rather than wage workers in general. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of long work hours on sleep disorders among non-shift daytime wage workers.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. From the 50,205 total participants, we included 26,522 non-shift daytime wage workers after excluding self-employed people, business owners, unpaid family employees, and wage workers who work nights and shifts. Sleep disorders were categorized into “difficulty in falling asleep,” “frequent waking,” and “waking up with fatigue.” Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of long work hours on sleep disorders, and the odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.ResultsThe OR of working > 52 hours per week was 1.183 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.002–1.394) for the risk of developing insomnia compared with working ≤ 40 hours per week. The OR of waking up with fatigue was 1.531 (95% CI: 1.302–1.801). Long work hours showed no significant relationship with difficulty in falling asleep or with frequent waking.ConclusionsWorking for extended hours was associated with increased fatigue upon waking in non-shift daytime wage workers.

Assesment Work Fatigue To Workers In Environment Underground Mining Areas Based On Fatigue Assesment Scale Questionnaires

Fatigue is recognized as a high potential risk for accidents and therefore an assessment of work fatigue is required. The purpose of this study is to describe the overall work fatigue assessment and based on work fatigue factors using questionnaires for the fatigue rating scale for workers in underground mining areas. This study used a descriptive method to describe the overall assessment of work fatigue and assessment of work fatigue based on factors related to fatigue using questionnaire scale fatigue assessment of workers in underground mining areas at PT. Y. Overall fatigue assessment based on fatigue evaluation questionnaire results obtained 54.55% of workers who experience fatigue. Fatigue assessment based on factors related to work fatigue shows that workers who tend to experience fatigue are> 45 years of age, <7 hours of sleep,> 5 years of work, 12 hours of work, supervisor type II / jumbo operator drill, jumbo drill operator, LHD operator, and service crew / helper jumbo drill, work climate> NAB (> 29.00 C) and noise> NAB (> 85 dB A). Underground mining workers tend to experience fatigue. The older the worker's age, the less sleep time, the longer the work period, the longer work time, the heavier the type of work, the hotter the working climate and the noisier it tends to experience fatigue.

RISK ANALYSIS AND PRIORITIZATION IN WATER SUPPLY NETWORK MAINTENANCE WORKS THROUGH THE FAILURE MODES AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY FMEA APPLICATION

Goal: In this work, the application of FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) in the execution of maintenance of water network in a medium size city in the state of Maranhão was approached. FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) with occupational safety approach is applied in the execution of water supply network maintenance in a medium size city in the state of Maranhão. This work shows that FMEA is an effective tool for risk prioritization in work process. The FMEA application with use of index reference table can become faster than application without reference table - and thus spread the tool for risk analysis.
 Design / Methodology / Approach: A photographic records was carried out in loco and the main risks to the workers were enumerated and based on the obtained data, a risk analysis was elaborated with the application of FMEA (Failure modes and effects analysis).
 Results: The maintenance services teams of the supply system are subject to a high risk of accidents caused mainly by the working conditions precariousness. It was observed that the services of manual excavations and the lack of use of PPE (helmet, gloves, pants suitable for flooded environments and etc.) have high risk index (RPN) and that the mismanagement added to the unsafe behavior were the main factors to accident occurrence in this type of work.
 Limitations of the investigation: The study studied the reality found in a medium-sized city with precarious working conditions. Further studies can compare the work reality of other teams in cities of different sizes, with better working conditions. Other limitation of this work is the impossibility of work situation improvement and posterior tool application – a study with this magnitude is non-trivial and needs future research.
 Practical implications: The great achievement of this work is to demonstrate that FMEA - a tool that is widely used in maintenance management and product engineering - is able to identify and prioritize risks based on its preliminary risk index obtained - contributing to reduce the difficulty of index choices previously cited in literature and disseminate the FMEA utilization for employee safety and occupational health. Such a tool has a great capacity for quantitative description of the risks, showing that the FMEA is very useful in the work safety sector for the organization of correction plans.
 Originality / Value: The difficulties of using the tool mentioned in the available literature were minimized with the use of the reference table, showing that the use of FMEA can become faster and thus spread the tool for risk analysis.

A Model for Traffic Management based on Text Mining Techniques

It is very important for traffic management to be able to correctly recognize traffic trends from large historical traffic data, particularly the congestion pattern and road collisions. This can be used to reduce congestion, improve protection, and increase the accuracy of traffic forecasting. Choosing the correct and effective text mining methodology helps speed up and reduces the time and effort needed to retrieve valuable knowledge and information for future prediction and decision-making processes. Modeling collisions or accident risk has also been an important aspect of traffic management and road safety, as it helps recognize problems and causes that contribute to a higher risk of accidents, promotes treatment delivery, and reduces crashes to save more lives and avoid road congestion. Therefore, this work-study proposed a model that relies on the different text mining methodology to determine clearly what circumstances affect and who is involved more in an accident. Using different classification and machine learning techniques applied to get the optimum classifiers used in this model. The experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed models outperform Prayag Tiwari’s Research Work related to the Leeds UK Dataset.

Death in the Same Compartment as a Predictor for Injury Severity

Objective: To determine if death in same is useful as a predictor for injury severity and mortality. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted of 525 high-risk automobile accident victims. Data collected from Natividad Medical Center's trauma registry were used to analyze reports of adult patients from July 1 2014 to July 1 2017. 15 patients were victims of highrisk accidents with a death in the same compartment. These patients were compared with the other 510 patients. Results: Out of 15 patients who had death in same compartment, 2 (13%) were identified to have ISS>15 and 1 (6.7%) expired. Odds of severe injury (ISS>15) were not significantly different between groups [OR 0.73 95% CI 0.16-3.3]. Odds of death between the two groups were not significantly different [OR 2.0 95% CI 0.25-17]. Mean ISS between the two groups was not significant [9.1 ± 6.3 vs 8.3 ± 0.7 P=0.8]. Conclusion: Death in the same compartment has a similar prognostic value to other criteria outlined by the CDC.

THE INCIDENCE OF DERMATITIS IN FISHERMEN IN BONTANG CITY, EAST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA

Background: Occupational skin diseases are the most common occupational diseases in many countries. Dermatitis has become one of the top 10 occupational diseases (PAK) based on the potential incidence, severity, and prevention ability. Fishermen are one of the oldest occupations and have a high risk of occupational accidents or occupational diseases, which one of the risks is dermatitis due to the exposure to sea water containing salt which is high enough to absorb the water from the skin.Objective: This study aims to determine the incidence of dermatitis, working duration, duration of exposure, history of skin diseases, use of personal protective equipment, and personal hygiene in the fishing communities in North Bontang.Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was the fishing community in Loktuan Urban-Village, North Bontang. The samples were taken with the purposive sampling and a sample of 154 fishermen was obtained. The data were collected with a questionnaire that has been tested for the validity. The statistical analysis was conducted by Chi Square test with a significance level of 0.05.Results: The results showed that the history of skin diseases, the duration of exposure are related to the incidence of dermatitis in fishermen.Conclusion: Further research is needed to find out other risk factors that can cause dermatitis in fishermen.