Hidden Figure Research Articles

Autherine Foster Lucy: Another Hidden Figure in American Library History

Autherine Foster Lucy: Another Hidden Figure in American Library History

Research of Crowd in the Films - Take Parasite and Hidden Figure as Example

To start with, the background of the research is movies with influential cultural elements from Europe, America and Asia. And the theme are the influence, interaction, individual action of the crowd in the film. The research method is mainl,y based on the comparison and examples of the two films. As for the conclusion, crowds play a fundamental and penetrating role in movies, especially in movies that embody cultural elements. The influence of crowds is invisible and amplified to become a key factor.

A Hidden Figure: Beth Turner and Black Masks at the Crossroads of Art, Pedagogy, and Innovation

This interview, with an introduction, chronicles Beth Turner's introduction to theatre, her work as a playwright, and her founding of Black Masks magazine. Like many periodicals, Black Masks, too, is a documentary magazine, thus capturing the people, plays, and moments that have shaped Black theatre and performance within the African Diaspora. As a result of its lengthy history and journalistic approach, Black Masks has traced the evolution of Black theatre for over 35 years. In particular, Black Masks has spotlighted pioneering and innovative theatre artists and practitioners, theater founders and administrators, and trailblazing teachers and scholars, who have received limited attention (and in some cases no attention at all) in other periodicals as well as in more traditional scholarly journals and collections.  

Tom Thomson’s Islands, Canoe Lake, 1916: a rock as the head of a bear

Abstract Tom Thomson is a doyen of Canadian art. Here, I argue one of his well-known pictures contains a hidden figure. In Thomson’s Islands, Canoe Lake, 1916, a blue-gray picture primitive richly affords a rock and a bear, a long-overlooked ambiguity, one that Thomson did not tell us he intended. Its picture primitives are contours and patches. They offer a limited set of scene primitives. A likelihood ratio of less than 1 in 100 supports the contention that the bear is a hidden figure.

The Self-value Construction of Female Characters in Hidden Figures from the Perspective of Feminism

The Feminist criticism theory, which originated in the 1960s, is a literary criticism theory that interprets literary and cultural phenomena with female gender consciousness as its focus. The theory of criticism has gradually penetrated from political life to all aspects of culture, economy and social life, and has exerted a profound influence in the field of film. Film hidden figure depicts three women from 7 to revolt, from weak to strong career growth process, in the male-dominated field of science and technology have the courage to explore and create our own a piece of heaven and earth, through the career women are the epitome of difficulties and resistance, shows the wisdom of women dried fruits and individual consciousness. From the perspective of feminist criticism, Text Tong explores the self-worth construction process and important influence of the three women in Hidden Figures.

A hidden figure tells her story

A hidden figure tells her story

Measuring Sex Trafficking: A National-Level Victimization Survey of an at-Risk Sample

The current study administered a self-report survey with behaviorally specific questions to a stratified sample of non-college educated women, aged 18 to 29, in the general population (N = 996). Notably, the women were classified as being trafficked as adults only (3.8%), minors only (9.6%), or as both adults and minors (9.3%) using the federal legal definition. More than 1 in 5 (22.7%) women in the sample met the criteria for sex trafficking victimization at some point in their lives. However, only 39.6% of the respondents who experienced trafficking as an adult reported these events to police—further contributing to the “hidden figure” of crime. Guided by victimological theories, vulnerabilities, individual characteristics, and lifestyle factors increased the odds of being trafficked but varied depending on the type of exploitation. The implications of these findings are reviewed, including the utility of studying trafficking using behaviorally worded self-report surveys.

Shining a Light on a Hidden Figure: Dorothy Hoover

Shining a Light on a Hidden Figure: Dorothy Hoover

Tim Groenland, The Art of Editing: Raymond Carver and David Foster Wallace

The editor’s integral role in the production of a literary piece has traditionally been overlooked in favor of solitary authorship. Tim Groenland’s meticulously researched book seeks to turn the spotlight on the hidden figure behind the author and evaluate the role of the self-effacing editor in the literary process. A thorough examination of archival material has enabled Groenland to study two significant author-editor collaborations of the twentieth century. First, Groenland focuses on the ...

Edith Irby: A Hidden Figure in the History of Medical Education.

Edith Irby entered the University of Arkansas School of Medicine in September 1948, becoming the first African American to desegregate a Southern medical school. Seventy years later, she has become a hidden figure in the history of medical education.The author provides a brief biography of Irby (later Jones) and analyzes the factors that led the University of Arkansas to admit Irby, most notably her scholastic excellence and an innovative legal strategy launched by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People to eliminate racial inequalities in graduate and professional education. Irby's admission prompted intensified efforts by medical civil rights activists to desegregate all U.S. medical schools.The author concludes that the 70th anniversary of Irby's groundbreaking accomplishment provides an opportunity to acknowledge her significant contribution to the history of medical education and to recognize the continued need to erase persistent racial inequalities in the physician workforce.

On looking more justly at an image of the past

ABSTRACTThis paper examines how the colonial archive, and the colonial photographic archive in particular, can be repurposed within the moving image to produce new, critical histories. Taking my reworking of images from the BP archive as a starting point, I consider the ways in which archival appropriation produces an order of historical meaning that registers through affect and the experiential. I combine observations of my own experience of looking at colonial photographs with reflections on the ambiguous temporal status of archival images, and I transpose Raymond Bellour’s seminal text The Pensive Spectator (2007) to the context of colonial representation. I show how the dynamic between various actors – the photographic subject, the hidden figure of the photographer, the archivist, the filmmaker and a contemporaneous film viewer, can be made palpable through the merging of still and moving images. I propose that the moving image has the power to continually re-position the viewer in relation to the archival photograph, its subject, and to the past it purports to represent. I argue that this uprooting of the viewer offers a potent way of engaging with our troubled collective pasts, and in so doing, models an ethics of remembrance.

Chitin: A "Hidden Figure" in the Fungal Cell Wall.

Chitin and chitosan are two related polysaccharides that provide important structural stability to fungal cell walls. Often embedded deeply within the cell wall structure, these molecules anchor other components at the cell surface. Chitin-directed organization of the cell wall layers allows the fungal cell to effectively monitor and interact with the external environment. For fungal pathogens, this interaction includes maintaining cellular strategies to avoid excessive detection by the host innate immune system. In turn, mammalian and plant hosts have developed their own strategies to process fungal chitin, resulting in chitin fragments of varying molecular size. The size-dependent differences in the immune activation behaviors of variably sized chitin molecules help to explain how chitin and related chitooligomers can both inhibit and activate host immunity. Moreover, chitin and chitosan have recently been exploited for many biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and vaccine development.

Exploring anxiety in schizophrenia: New light on a hidden figure

Anxiety is among the least studied features of schizophrenia, despite evidence of its significant impact on disease outcome. This work aims to investigate the anxiety construct in a sample of outpatients with schizophrenia, exploring the interplay of clinical, neurocognitive and social cognitive domains, as well as adverse childhood experiences and their relative contribute in determining anxiety. A forward stepwise regression model was performed on a sample of 68 outpatients with schizophrenia, to examine the predictive effect of different variables on anxiety. Predictors have been selected based on previous literature and include psychopathological, neurocognitive and social cognitive measures, as well as premorbid environmental factors. The analysis showed a significant contribution of childhood adverse experiences, followed by personal distress, while no significant effect was found for symptom's severity, nor global cognitive efficiency. The results show that anxiety is mainly determined by early environmental factors, as well as by socio-cognitive dimensions, such as personal distress. Data also suggest that anxiety can be considered as an independent construct, rather than as a mere epiphenomenon of the illness. The study has clinical implications as it highlights the importance of implementing both standardized assessments and group interventions specifically targeting anxiety in schizophrenia.

Changes in resting-state functional brain activity are associated with waning cognitive functions in HIV-infected children.

Delayed brain development in perinatally HIV-infected children may affect the functional brain activity and subsequently cognitive function. The current study evaluated the functional brain activity in HIV-infected children by quantifying the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC). Additionally, correlation of ALFF and FC with cognitive measures was performed. Twenty-six HIV-infected children and 20 control children underwent neuropsychological (NP) assessment and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). ALFF and FC maps were generated and group differences were analyzed using two-sample t-test. Furthermore, ALFF and FC showing significant group differences were correlated with NP scores using Pearson's correlation. Significantly lower ALFF in the left middle temporal gyrus, precentral and post central gyrus was observed in HIV-infected children compared to controls. FC was significantly reduced in the right inferior parietal, vermis, middle temporal and left postcentral regions, and significantly increased in the right precuneus, superior parietal and left middle frontal regions in HIV-infected children as compared to control. HIV-infected children showed significantly lower NP scores in various domains including closure, exclusion, memory, verbal meaning, quantity and hidden figure than controls. These waning cognitive functions were significantly associated with changes in ALFF and FC in HIV-infected children. The findings suggest that abnormal ALFF and FC may responsible for cognitive deficits in HIV-infected children. ALFF and FC in association with cognitive evaluation may provide a clinical biomarker to evaluate functional brain activity and to plan neurocognitive intervention in HIV-infected children undergoing standard treatment.

A Hidden Figure in the Construction of Embassies in Ankara: Jacques Aggiman

A Hidden Figure in the Construction of Embassies in Ankara: Jacques Aggiman

Perfume as an interpretive key to the Song of Songs

Abstract The Song of Songs is a biblical text filled with the names of perfumes and, in terms of form, it is infused with ambiguity, vagueness and loose connections. The article suggests that perfume is an essential element in the biblical text. The image of perfume is not a mere diversion that is subordinate to a coherent plot, but is rather a means to undermine the plot and set the open and effervescent tone of the entire song. In the same spirit, the article does not attempt to offer a unified interpretation, but instead adapts to the expansive character of the ‘perfumed’ biblical text, inviting multiple readings. The present reading searches for the various appearances of the perfume motif in order to locate the mother figure. This marginal and almost hidden figure in the Song of Songs is related to the aspect of scent and is mysteriously juxtaposed with the figure of the lovers. The article claims that by sliding down the fragrant, yet obscure, path connecting the love between lovers to the love of a mother for her children, we discover that the mother proves to be the source of the bond between the lovers and a critical figure in the development of love.

Unspacing: The Architecture of Poetry in Shelley’s Alastor and Keats’s The Fall of Hyperion

Focusing on Alastor and The Fall of Hyperion , this article explores how catastrophic changes such as globalization are imprinted on poetry as a hidden figure, altering the very “space of literature” in the Romantic period. In contrast to William Wordsworth’s Prelude , which keeps city and country separate, nature in Alastor is traversed by ruined cities, disorienting the poem’s internal architecture, and making it difficult to bring the poem into focus generically or emotionally. In Sigmund Freud’s terms, some radical event has bypassed consciousness and gone inside, rendering consciousness superficial and the unconscious inaccessible. John Keats’s poem more consciously thematizes its own architecture to unground the existing conceptuality of poetry, initiating a more modern poetry that points forward to Gerard de Nerval, Arthur Rimbaud, and Charles Baudelaire.

Do the eyes have it? Using eye tracking to assess students cognitive dimensions

Field dependence/independence (FD/FI) is a significant dimension of cognitive styles. The paper presents results of a study that seeks to identify individuals’ level of field independence during visual stimulus tasks processing. Specifically, it examined the relationship between the Hidden Figure Test (HFT) scores and the eye tracking metrics. Moreover, it explored whether differences exist among the cognitive groups, in terms of the time taken to complete the given tasks. A sample of 16 PhD students recruited from a Public University in Cyprus was classified into Field-Dependent, Field-Independent and Field-Neutral learners. Data were collected and analysed through the use of eye tracking and SPSS statistics. Results revealed a statistical significant correlation between the scores retrieved from the HFT and the Eye tracker. Additionally, the FD and the FI groups differ with respect to the tasks time completion. The findings revealed the potential of eye tracking to be used as a tool in assessing users’ cognitive traits. Finally, the vision of further agenda and some practical implications for instructional designers and educators are addressed.

Visual one-shot learning as an ‘anti-camouflage device’: a novel morphing paradigm

Once people perceive what is in the hidden figure such as Dallenbach's cow and Dalmatian, they seldom seem to come back to the previous state when they were ignorant of the answer. This special type of learning process can be accomplished in a short time, with the effect of learning lasting for a long time (visual one-shot learning). Although it is an intriguing cognitive phenomenon, the lack of the control of difficulty of stimuli presented has been a problem in research. Here we propose a novel paradigm to create new hidden figures systematically by using a morphing technique. Through gradual changes from a blurred and binarized two-tone image to a blurred grayscale image of the original photograph including objects in a natural scene, spontaneous one-shot learning can occur at a certain stage of morphing when a sufficient amount of information is restored to the degraded image. A negative correlation between confidence levels and reaction times is observed, giving support to the fluency theory of one-shot learning. The correlation between confidence ratings and correct recognition rates indicates that participants had an accurate introspective ability (metacognition). The learning effect could be tested later by verifying whether or not the target object was recognized quicker in the second exposure. The present method opens a way for a systematic production of "good" hidden figures, which can be used to demystify the nature of visual one-shot learning.

The hidden figure: sexual intimate partner violence among Pakistani women

The objectives of the present study were to determine the magnitude and factors associated with sexual intimate partner violence (SIPV) in women presenting to tertiary-care hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. Five hundred women who presented to four tertiary-care hospitals to deliver were interviewed from September to December 2005. SIPV was assessed by using questions on sexual abuse in WHO Domestic Violence Module designed to determine intimate partner violence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to determine factors associated with SIPV. Twenty-one percent of women reported experiencing sexual violence in their married life. Gravida with five or more pregnancies [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.78; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-6.96], index pregnancy as unwanted (AOR = 2.64; CI 1.16-6.02) and conflict with in-laws (AOR 1.9 CI 1.14-3.16) were independently associated with sexual abuse. Women who had social support were less likely to be abused by their intimate partners (AOR 0.76; CI 0.58-0.98). One in five women reported spousal sexual abuse in their married life. Women having more than five children, unwanted pregnancies or reporting differences with in-laws are more likely to be subjected to such abuse. Social support protects women from sexual abuse by intimate partner.