Heterogeneous Database Systems Research Articles

Application and realization of key technologies in China railway e-ticketing system

PurposeWith the yearly increase of mileage and passenger volume in China's high-speed railway, the problems of traditional paper railway tickets have become increasingly prominent, including complexity of business handling process, low efficiency of ticket inspection and high cost of usage and management. This paper aims to make extensive references to successful experiences of electronic ticket applications both domestically and internationally. The research on key technologies and system implementation of railway electronic ticket with Chinese characteristics has been carried out.Design/methodology/approachResearch in key technologies is conducted including synchronization technique in distributed heterogeneous database system, the grid-oriented passenger service record (PSR) data storage model, efficient access to massive PSR data under high concurrency condition, the linkage between face recognition service platforms and various terminals in large scenarios, and two-factor authentication of the e-ticket identification code based on the key and the user identity information. Focusing on the key technologies and architecture the of existing ticketing system, multiple service resources are expanded and developed such as electronic ticket clusters, PSR clusters, face recognition clusters and electronic ticket identification code clusters.FindingsThe proportion of paper ticket printed has dropped to 20%, saving more than 2 billion tickets annually since the launch of the application of E-ticketing nationwide. The average time for passengers to pass through the automatic ticket gates has decreased from 3 seconds to 1.3 seconds, significantly improving the efficiency of passenger transport organization. Meanwhile, problems of paper ticket counterfeiting, reselling and loss have been generally eliminated.Originality/valueE-ticketing has laid a technical foundation for the further development of railway passenger transport services in the direction of digitalization and intelligence.

Blockchain-oriented geospatial architecture model for real-time land registration

Obtaining geo-data and attributes of spatial units from heterogeneous database systems with different data formats for the same land properties is still one of the main problems. The emerging technologies, such as decentralized databases, distributed networks and big data powered by blockchain, can potentially improve land registration processes. In this article, I developed a data model for a geospatially enabled blockchain infrastructure, using an object-oriented architecture model. Such a model can better find spatio-temporal patterns of land transactions and better query time-varying locations of land properties. Additionally, it will make the land registry system secure and protect privacy.

A Heterogeneous Distributed Computing Model Based on Web Service

Based on the in-depth study of the existing database synchronization model, in order to improve the cross platform ability of the system and facilitate the construction of small and medium-sized enterprise information platform, this paper proposes a heterogeneous distributed computing scheme based on Web service. The scheme uses JMS to realize the message transmission between systems, and uses web service technology to realize cross platform data reading and writing. In the aspect of distributed transaction processing, the two-phase commit protocol is improved to reduce the probability of system deadlock and effectively ensure the consistency of distributed database data. In order to improve the performance of distributed database system, cache technology is introduced, and the way of integrating cache and database transaction processing is proposed, which effectively ensures the validity of cache data. The architecture is oriented to program developers, who can develop efficient and convenient distributed database system on the basis of this architecture. Finally, this architecture is applied to the background management system of mobile express service. The running results show that the architecture can well meet the business requirements of distributed heterogeneous database system synchronization.

An Approach for Enhancing Data Access Security in Heterogeneous Database Systems

Objectives: This paper proposes an enhanced data access security approach to allow virtual private database security mechanism in heterogeneous multi-tier applications regardless of the data access security features provided by each database management system. Methods/Statistical Analysis: An implementation of Data Access Layer has been done respecting the proposed approach. This implementation enhances Microsoft’s Entity Framework that is widely used in commercial multi-tier database applications as a Data Access Layer. Accordingly, it’s overloaded by the required functionality including query modification and data validation. The output assembly then is tested in a typical HR database application that targets three different DBMS’s (SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle) with exactly same database state. A time measurement takes place to evaluate the processing cost of issuing CRUD operations compared with the same application architecture without using the proposed approach (e.g. relying on the row-level security provided by Oracle on the DBMS level). Findings: An illustrated case study respecting the proposed approach shows its scalability, reliability and efficiency. It allows data access security in both homogenous and heterogeneous database applications. On the other hand, the results show that the cost of processing both of data retrieval and data manipulation operations respecting predefined data access security policies of the proposed approach compared with Oracle VPD are reduced by around 59% and 57% respectively. Application/Improvements: As presented in the illustrative case study, the proposed approach can be easily applied and reused in any modern heterogeneous multi-tier database application. It allows defining data access security policies regardless of the target database management system type. Also, the results show an improvement in the processing cost of the proposed approach compared with the Oracle virtual private database with both data retrieval and data manipulation operations. Keywords: Data Privacy; Data Access; Database; Heterogeneous Database Applications

Uniform data access platform for SQL and NoSQL database systems

Integration of data stored in heterogeneous database systems is a very challenging task and it may hide several difficulties. As NoSQL databases are growing in popularity, integration of different NoSQL systems and interoperability of NoSQL systems with SQL databases become an increasingly important issue. In this paper, we propose a novel data integration methodology to query data individually from different relational and NoSQL database systems. The suggested solution does not support joins and aggregates across data sources; it only collects data from different separated database management systems according to the filtering options and migrates them. The proposed method is based on a metamodel approach and it covers the structural, semantic and syntactic heterogeneities of source systems. To introduce the applicability of the proposed methodology, we developed a web-based application, which convincingly confirms the usefulness of the novel method.

Enhancing Operations of Supply Chain Management through a Responsive Information Framework

Logistics management becomes an important competency in today’s highly competitive market; it has been a focus on the research of information systems, which act as the tools to enhance the capability of supply chain network. To compete and survive in this ever-changing global marketplace, individual companies can hardly survive in isolation of their business partners, suppliers, and other service providers. However, the lack of a seamless interchange and efficient data analysis hinders the formation of an effective information infrastructure that serves as the platform for data interchange of the heterogeneous database systems in the supply chain network. This paper proposed an infrastructure of information system that encompasses data mining and workflow management capability by adopting the advanced technologies of Online Analysis Process (OLAP) and workflow management system to facilitate supply chain management.

Data Extraction Method for Heterogeneous Database Based on EJB

Data island exists in most of the information system. And the system platform integration could eliminate the existence of the information island. This paper visited database information system through the EJB component technology, and using the metadata way to extracted data information from the heterogeneous database system, and it realized sharing information between the heterogeneous database system. In this system the B/S mode structure and EJB component technology, improve the system usability and expansibility.

Dynamic Integration System for Heterogeneous Database Based on S2SH

Between each node database there must be different in the distributed heterogeneous database system, so how to resolve these different (It's said that realize the mutual transformation between heterogeneous databases) was an basic problem in the heterogeneous database system. This paper analyzes the system structure and the conversion mechanism for the distributed heterogeneous database and the realization of the conversion module theoretical including the conversion information extraction module, structural conversion module, structure formation module and put forward a concrete realization solutions.

Distributed Heterogeneous Database System Synchronization Problems in Intelligent Building

Intelligent building is the product of the computer and information technology network to penetrate the construction industry, which fully reflects the architectural art and information technologies. This paper focuses on information platform in the intelligent building construction and application process for different sectors, different types of databases data integration, processing, capture data changes, transmission and synchronization. Through studied the method of data transformation, change data capture methods, making the integration of distributed heterogeneous databases in the process of data synchronization issues have been satisfactorily resolved.

Heterogeneous Data Exchange Technology Based on XML

Database technology is of great variety, structure diversity, solving data integration and exchanges sharing of the heterogeneous database system have became the important problem in all fields. Because of XML is the very important data exchange technology to realize data exchange and transmission ability, this paper mainly explores the data exchange problem how to use XML in heterogeneous database system, , and .Net platform have good support to XML and heterogeneous database system, so the combination of XML and.net, can realize data exchange of heterogeneous database system.

A Service-Oriented Communication Architecture of Graphics Asset Management System

Database technology is of great variety, structure diversity, solving data integration and exchanges sharing of the heterogeneous database system have became the important problem in all fields. Because of XML is the very important data exchange technology to realize data exchange and transmission ability, this paper mainly explores the data exchange problem how to use XML in heterogeneous database system, , and .Net platform have good support to XML and heterogeneous database system, so the combination of XML and.net, can realize data exchange of heterogeneous database system.

Research on the Dynamic Integrating with Heterogeneous Database System Based XML and Hibernate

This article proposed uses xml and the Hibernate technology based on the B/S structure realizes heterogeneous database dynamic integration plan. This system through the programming interface JDom to implement a Hibernate configuration file automatically generated, using of global data dictionary access to various heterogeneous data sources and the overall database table, and realization of the heterogeneous data sources and automated maintenance of the global data dictionary. The system has a good maintainability, scalability, portability, etc.

SparkMed: A Framework for Dynamic Integration of Multimedia Medical Data Into Distributed m-Health Systems

With the advent of 4G and other long-term evolution (LTE) wireless networks, the traditional boundaries of patient record propagation are diminishing as networking technologies extend the reach of hospital infrastructure and provide on-demand mobile access to medical multimedia data. However, due to legacy and proprietary software, storage and decommissioning costs, and the price of centralization and redevelopment, it remains complex, expensive, and often unfeasible for hospitals to deploy their infrastructure for online and mobile use. This paper proposes the SparkMed data integration framework for mobile healthcare (m-Health), which significantly benefits from the enhanced network capabilities of LTE wireless technologies, by enabling a wide range of heterogeneous medical software and database systems (such as the picture archiving and communication systems, hospital information system, and reporting systems) to be dynamically integrated into a cloud-like peer-to-peer multimedia data store. Our framework allows medical data applications to share data with mobile hosts over a wireless network (such as WiFi and 3G), by binding to existing software systems and deploying them as m-Health applications. SparkMed integrates techniques from multimedia streaming, rich Internet applications (RIA), and remote procedure call (RPC) frameworks to construct a Self-managing, Pervasive Automated netwoRK for Medical Enterprise Data (SparkMed). Further, it is resilient to failure, and able to use mobile and handheld devices to maintain its network, even in the absence of dedicated server devices. We have developed a prototype of the SparkMed framework for evaluation on a radiological workflow simulation, which uses SparkMed to deploy a radiological image viewer as an m-Health application for telemedical use by radiologists and stakeholders. We have evaluated our prototype using ten devices over WiFi and 3G, verifying that our framework meets its two main objectives: 1) interactive delivery of medical multimedia data to mobile devices; and 2) attaching to non-networked medical software processes without significantly impacting their performance. Consistent response times of under 500 ms and graphical frame rates of over 5 frames per second were observed under intended usage conditions. Further, overhead measurements displayed linear scalability and low resource requirements.

A relational–XML data warehouse for data aggregation with SQL and XQuery

AbstractIntegrating information from multiple data sources is becoming increasingly important for enterprises that partner with other companies for e‐commerce. However, companies have their internal business applications deployed on diverse platforms and no standard solution for integrating information from these sources exists. To support business intelligence query activities, it is useful to build a data warehouse on top of middleware that aggregates the data obtained from various heterogeneous database systems. Online analytical processing (OLAP) can then be used to provide fast access to materialized views from the data warehouse. Since extensible markup language (XML) documents are a common data representation standard on the Internet and relational tables are commonly used for production data, OLAP must handle both relational and XML data. SQL and XQuery can be used to process the materialized relational and XML data cubes created from the aggregated data. This paper shows how to handle the two kinds of data cubes from a relational–XML data warehouse using extract, transformation and loading. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Integration Of Structured And Unstructured Text Data In A Clinical Information System

This paper describes an integration of structured and unstructured text data in a Clinical Information System (CIS). The input and output data of this Clinical Information System depend heavily on the use of a medical database and an intensive Graphic User Interface (GUI). The data source consists of multiple GUI's fields of various forms which compose structured data and free-text medical reports of patients. These free text medical reports are mostly made of the complicated part of unstructured text data. Usually, the free text medical reports include reports on patient intake, examination, and discharge, which could be an input from a keyboard, a handwriting device, a voice microphone, transcription service or others. Some of the medical language extraction and encoding systems, such as MedLEE, can be used to translate the medical free text into a standard and structured format. These systems will be reviewed and adopted to perform the knowledge extraction from medical free texts, if applicable. To achieve the goal of data sharing for the future application in data interoperability between heterogeneous database systems, a clinical data repository can be stored which is formed by applying a standard-compliant eXtensible Markup Language (XML), with GUI form, for integrating these data. Currently there are a number of healthcare information standards, such as HL7 (Health Level 7, 2006) and Medical Markup Language (Medical Markup Language, 2006) to promote data exchange. But it requires that both the sender and receiver of the data use the same standard in order to achieve the data exchange goal. In this paper, the generic data XML model is therefore developed and the feasibility for transforming the model into any of the standards is also demonstrated.

A comprehensive database schema integration method based on the theory of formal concepts

Integrating heterogeneous database schemata is a major task in federated database design where preexisting and heterogeneous database systems need to be integrated virtually by providing a homogenization database interface. Most proposed schema integration methods suffer from very complex result schemata and insufficient handling of extensional relations, i.e. in the way how redundant data of the input systems are dealt with. Redundancy among the input systems may thus remain undetected and, hence, remains uncontrolled. Our GIM (Generic Integration Model) method is based on the elegant and mathematically founded theory of formal concept analysis (FCA). The main idea is to integrate schemata into one formal context which is a binary relation between a set of attributes and a set of base extensions (set of potential objects). From that context we apply an FCA-algorithm to semi-automatically derive a concept lattice which we interpret as an inheritance hierarchy of classes for a homogenized schema. Thus, the integration task following our method can be supported by tools.

AN INTERACTIVE TOOL BASED ON XML TECHNOLOGY FOR DATA EXCHANGE BETWEEN HETEROGENEOUS ERP SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT Data exchange between enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in a supply chain system needs to fulfill requirements of both schema integration and message translation. Since ERP systems with relational database systems are developed independently, schema conflicts between databases is a common problem for schema integration. Thus, supply chain partners need to preserve the data integrity of transacting messages with respect to the ERP database systems. The core technique of this kind of data exchange is matching XML documents and relational database schemas. An interactive tool is proposed here to simplify the integration and implementation efforts of data exchange between heterogeneous database systems in the supply chain system. The interactive tool is Web-enabled and it applies XML and XSL to translate trading messages. In order to store XML documents into the relational database, the structure and content of the XML document should be matched with the database schemas and verified by the users. The data contents of the XML document need to be matched not only with data types of the database but also with relational constraints to preserve the data integrity. XML schema and XSL transformation are applied to translate data and solve schema conflicts between XML documents and the database system. Using this interactive tool, the matching methods provide mapping suggestions, and it relies on users with specific schema knowledge to provide final verification of the matching results. This tool provides an environment for administrators and designers of heterogeneous database systems to communicate data requirements, to resolve semantic conflicts, and to preserve data integrity.

Development of a dynamic data interchange scheme to support product design in agile manufacturing

A proficient information system features the capability to response to customer changes in a timely manner such that it facilitates enterprise to achieve the concept of agile manufacturing. The efficient sharing of data and knowledge within an organization is the prerequisite to enhance the competitiveness of companies in this information age. In today's industrial environment, there are a great variety of computer systems and applications, which make the task of data integration among heterogeneous database systems even more difficult and costly, thus hindering the progress of tasks automation. In general, there is a lack of research literature related to the generic approach to link dissimilar databases together for seamless data communication. Therefore, a comprehensive mechanism is required to handle various data format in complex product design processes in order to achieve efficient knowledge retrieval and update information manipulation. This paper introduces a dynamic data interchange scheme which attempts to exchange the data automatically as well as enables the filtering of valuable data between traditional relational database model and case-based reasoning knowledge repository. The significance of this paper is concerned with the intelligent data exchange within a hybrid database system, embracing the empirical data to help agile manufacturing enterprises make critical decisions.

Transaction processing in mobile, heterogeneous database systems

As technological advances are made in software and hardware, the feasibility of accessing information "any time, anywhere" is becoming a reality. Furthermore, the diversity and amount of information available to a given user is increasing at a rapid rate. In a mobile computing environment, a potentially large number of users may simultaneously access the global data; therefore, there is a need to provide a means to allow concurrent management of transactions. Current multidatabase concurrency control schemes do not address the limited bandwidth and frequent disconnection associated with wireless networks. This paper proposes a new hierarchical concurrency control algorithm. The proposed concurrency control algorithm, v-lock, uses global locking tables created with semantic information contained within the hierarchy. The locking tables are used to serialize global transactions, detect and remove global deadlocks. Additionally, data replication, at the mobile unit, is used to limit the effects of the restrictions imposed by a mobile environment. The replicated data provides additional availability in case of a weak connection or disconnection. Current research has concentrated on page and file-based caching or replication schemes to address the availability and consistency issues in a mobile environment. In a mobile, multidatabase environment, local autonomy restrictions prevent the use of a page or file-based data replication scheme. This paper proposes a new data replication scheme to address the limited bandwidth and local autonomy restrictions. Queries and the associated data are cached at the mobile unit as a complete object. Consistency is maintained by using a parity-based invalidation scheme. A simple prefetching scheme is used in conjunction with caching to further improve the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Finally, a simulator was developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The simulation results are presented and discussed.

5.5.3 Enabling Systems Architecture Tradeoffs Using a Systems Integration Framework

AbstractSystems integration of large information enterprises involves integrating multiple heterogeneous database systems, client‐server platforms, web application technologies, and data warehousing solutions. Lockheed Martin Management and Data Systems (M&DS) is involved in systems integration for state, local, and federal government customers. We are currently developing a Systems Integration Framework (SIF) to assist in the architecture tradeoff and selection for large information enterprises. A SIF is an environment, which will assist in the rapid prototyping and testing of architectures, and specific instantiations of the architectures using commercial tools and platforms. Over the last four years we have developed and tested architectures for client‐server applications, web applications, mobile computing applications, data warehouses, and data mining applications. Performance metrics have been collected for web application servers and client‐server applications. This paper will describe how we utilized the SIF as a rapid prototyping and tradeoff environment to support systems engineering for state government customers in domains such as law enforcement, criminal justice, and airline operations.