Heterogeneity Of Nomenclature Research Articles

Heterogeneity in nomenclature and abbreviation usage for anti-synthetase syndrome: a scoping review.

Anti-synthetase syndrome constitutes a dynamically evolving subset of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy, however, the nomenclature and abbreviations for this syndrome are plagued by heterogeneity, leading to lack of consistency in literature. The objective of this study is to evaluate existing diversity in disease names and abbreviations, with a future goal to develop consensus on the nomenclature. A scoping review format was used for analysis. A comprehensive PUBMED search was conducted from January 1, 1984 (the initial description of anti-synthetase autoantibodies) to November 30, 2023, encompassing all pertinent articles published within this timeframe. Search terms included, ((antisynthetase syndrome) OR (anti synthetase syndrome)) OR (anti-synthetase syndrome)). The articles were screened for presence of terminology and abbreviations used. The search yielded 936 items with the specified terms. After excluding 303 irrelevant articles and 58 non-English publications, the remaining n = 575 articles underwent detailed review of the abstract and full article. Out of n = 575, 54.7% (n = 314) used 'antisynthetase syndrome' and 43.4% (n = 249) preferred 'anti-synthetase syndrome' with few novel names also. Among these, 394 articles used abbreviations while 181 did not. Most utilized term was ASS; in 64.7% (n = 255), followed AS in 11.9% (n = 47), ASSD in 9.9% (n = 39) and ASyS in 7.6% (n = 30). A discordance in nomenclature is evident, with about half using antisynthetase syndrome and other half using anti-synthetase syndrome. Moreover, significant heterogeneity exists in abbreviation use aswell. There is a pressing need to bridge this disparity and establish a uniform identifier for the disease with an objective to develop greater coherence in future research, educational initiatives, and interdisciplinary collaboration.

Measurement and Conceptualization of Gaming Disorder According to the World Health Organization Framework: the Development of the Gaming Disorder Test

Previous research on gaming disorder (GD) has highlighted key methodological and conceptual hindrances stemming from the heterogeneity of nomenclature and the use of non-standardized psychometric tools to assess this phenomenon. The recent recognition of GD as an official mental health disorder and behavioral addiction by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) opens up new possibilities to investigate further the psychosocial and mental health implications due to excessive and disordered gaming. However, before further research on GD can be conducted in a reliable way and within a robust cross-cultural context, a valid and reliable standardized psychometric tool to assess the construct as defined by the WHO should be developed. The aim of this study was to develop The Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), a brief four-item measure to assess GD and to further explore its psychometric properties. A sample of 236 Chinese (47% male, mean age 19.22 years, SD = 1.57) and 324 British (49.4% male, mean age 26.74 years, SD = 7.88) gamers was recruited online. Construct validity of the GDT was examined via factorial validity, nomological validity, alongside convergent and discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was also examined using the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale—Short-Form (IGDS9-SF). Finally, reliability indicators involving the Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability coefficients were estimated. Overall, the results indicated that GDT is best conceptualized within a single-factor structure. Additionally, the four items of the GDT are valid, reliable, and proved to be highly suitable for measuring GD within a cross-cultural context.

Robin Sequence: Continuing Heterogeneity in Nomenclature and Diagnosis

Heterogeneity in both nomenclature and diagnostic criteria has hindered the interpretation of research into the congenital condition most widely known as (Pierre) Robin syndrome or sequence. In 2009, the discussion regarding its diagnosis and nosology was reopened to converge on a uniform eponym and standard set of diagnostic criteria. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of this debate. This is a retrospective review of the nomenclature and diagnostic criteria employed in studies about this condition that were indexed in the MEDLINE literature database (PubMed) and published during 2009 to 2016. A total of 440 studies were retrieved of which the majority used the eponyms "Pierre Robin sequence" (62.0%) or "Robin sequence" (23.4%). During the study period, there was a significant shift toward the use of "sequence" in preference over "syndrome." Only 71.4% of studies mentioned their criteria for diagnosis, which remained heterogeneous throughout the study period. Since 2009, the debate has not produced a consensus eponym and standard diagnosis. This is unfortunate given the enduring controversies over the optimal management of a condition associated with a high morbidity and mortality. A renewed effort is needed to arrive at a workable consensus to enhance the retrievability of relevant literature and facilitate the interpretation of outcome studies.

Mild traumatic brain injuries in adults

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the commonest form of TBI. Though the name implies, it may not be mild in certain cases. There is a lot of heterogeneity in nomenclature, classification, evaluation and outcome of mTBI. We have reviewed the relevant articles on mTBI in adults, particularly its definition, evaluation and outcome, published in the last decade. The aspects of mTBI like pediatric age group, sports concussion, and postconcussion syndrome were not reviewed. There is general agreement that Glasgow coma score (GCS) of 13 should not be considered as mTBI as the risk of intracranial lesion is higher than in patients with GCS 14–15. All patients with GCS of <15 should be evaluated with a computed tomography (CT) scan. Patients with GCS 15 and risk factors or neurological symptoms should also be evaluated with CT scan. The outcome of mTBI depends on the combination of preinjury, injury and postinjury factors. Overall outcome of mTBI is good with mortality around 0.1% and disability around 10%.

Review of meta-analytic comparisons of bariatric surgery with a focus on laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding

Background In a prior systematic review and meta-analysis of the large body of literature describing the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB), outcomes for the Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band (SAGB) and Lap-Band (LB), in particular, were reviewed. This article summarizes those results and discusses them in relation to the 3 other published bariatric surgery meta-analyses ( JAMA 2004;292:1724–37; Ann Intern Med 2005;142:547–59; and Surgery 2007;142:621–32). Methods In the gastric banding meta-analysis, systematic review included screening of 4,594 studies published in any language (Jan 1, 1998–April 30, 2006). Studies with at least 10 SAGB or LB patients reporting ≥30-day efficacy or safety outcomes were eligible for review; data were extracted from accepted studies. Weighted means analysis and random-effects meta-analysis of efficacy outcomes of interest were conducted. Results In the gastric banding meta-analysis, 129 studies (patients n = 28,980) were accepted (33 SAGB/104 LB studies). In 4,273 patients (36 treatment groups) in 33 SAGB studies, and in 24,707 patients (111 groups) in 104 LB studies, mean baseline age (39.1–40.2 yrs), body mass index ([BMI] 43.8–45.3 kg/m 2), and sex (females 79.2%–82.5%) were similar. Three-year mean SAGB/LB excess weight loss (56.36%/50.20%) was significant, as was resolution of type 2 diabetes (61.45%/60.29%) and hypertension (62.95%/43.58%) ( P < .05). Adverse event (AE) rates appeared comparable, and early mortality was equivalent (≤.1%). Discussion In the SAGB and LB meta-analysis at 1, 2, and 3 years, weight loss, resolution of diabetes and hypertension, and adverse events appeared equivalent. All meta-analyses that assessed weight loss found that bariatric surgery produced clinically significant reductions in excess weight across procedures in the short term. One meta-analysis found that bariatric surgery produced significantly more weight loss than medical treatment in patients with BMI >40 kg/m 2 in the short term, with malabsorptive procedures producing the greatest weight loss. All studies reporting on comorbidities showed significant resolution or improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus ([T2DM] ≥60%), hypertension (≥43%), and dyslipidemia (≥70%). In one meta-analysis, surgery was found to be superior to medical therapy in resolving T2DM, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Sleep apnea was significantly resolved/improved in ≥85% across procedures in the one meta-analysis that addressed this comorbidity. One meta-analysis found no differences in AEs between procedures; however, the laparoscopic approach was associated with significantly reduced AEs. In the 4 meta-analyses, mortality was low (.1%–1.11%) for all procedures. Bariatric surgery was observed to be a safe and highly effective therapy for morbid obesity. Heterogeneity in nomenclature, study methods, statistical detail, definitions of weight-loss success and comorbid disease resolution, and completeness of data sets did not allow for comparison of some variables. Initiatives including the Iowa Bariatric Surgery Registry (IBSR), the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) consortium, the Surgical Review Corporation (SRC) Center of Excellence initiative, and the Bariatric Outcomes Longitudinal Database [BOLD] are working to improve data standardization, which, in turn, will facilitate summary and comparison of bariatric surgery outcomes.

On Psychosensory and Psychomotor Disturbances

The large chapter of aphasia and allied conditions of psychomotor and psychosensory disturbances is still a chapter where there are great differences of opinion, and a great heterogeneity in nomenclature.