Heritage Inventory Research Articles

A Floristic Inventory of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation’s Lexington Wildlife Management Area, Cleveland County, Oklahoma

This paper reports the results of a vascular plant inventory at the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation’s Lexington Wildlife Management Area in Cleveland County, Oklahoma. Five hundred and six specific and infraspecific taxa in 90 families were collected. Two-hundred and ninety-six genera, 487 species, and 19 infraspecific taxa were identified. The largest families were the Poaceae with 86 taxa and the Asteraceae with 82 taxa. Sixty-eight taxa were non-native to the U.S. (13.4 % of the flora). Four species tracked by the Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory were found.

Geological and mining heritages in the Seridó UNESCO Global Geopark: Ediacaran to Cambrian mineral deposits revealed by historical mines in Northeast Brazil

The coexistence of mining, geoparks, and conservation is an ongoing discussion for the implementation and development of UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps). The Seridó UGGp provides a classic example where mining plays a fundamental role in unveiling geological heritage, showcasing positive relationships between mining and the establishment of sustainable territories based on geoconservation. The aim of this paper is to investigate, within two geosites of the Seridó UGGp—Mina Brejuí and Açude Boqueirão—how geological heritage has been showcased in active mines, correlated with cultural mining heritage, and utilized in geotourism and geoeducation. The paper utilizes adapted geological heritage inventories and valuing techniques, integrating cultural aspects of the mining landscape to provide detailed insights into the complex areas of the geosites. Both geosites have been the sites of regionally significant Ediacaran-Cambrian magmatic-hydrothermal deposits since the early 20th century, yielding metallic and non-metallic raw materials during the World Wars up to the present days. The Mina Brejuí geosite boasts one of the best exposures of W–Mo skarn mineralization in South America within its underground galleries. Açude Boqueirão is a mining district with several types of quarries and mines, and its geoheritage is linked to the initial descriptions of the Borborema regional pegmatitic province with Cambrian Ta–Nb, Li–Be, gemstones, and ornamental deposits, and also for the rare deposit of blue tourmaline gemstone. Particularly, the Boqueirão site requires valorization interventions, as its rich mining heritage is threatened by the expansion of the energy sector and illegal artisanal mining. Active mining operations could present a plethora of opportunities that encompass the geopark's concepts of conservation, tourism, and education. Inventories of mining heritage in geoparks serve as alternative sources for geotouristic routes.

A Presença de Emílio Biel no Santuário do Bom Jesus do Monte

The present article deals with historical facts that took place between 1879 and 1880, revealing the circumstances of the presence of Emílio Biel at the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte, in Braga, as a photographer. This was possible through access to the minutes drawn up in that period and kept in the Inventory of the Confraternity of Bom Jesus do Monte. Through the reading of these minutes, the term of the contract signed between the Bureau of the Brotherhood and the house Emílio Biel & Cª was found, exposing the strict context of the clauses stipulated to the photographer. Other documents related to the contract were found, such as payment orders, bills of exchange, prints and photographic views. These documentary and photographic records are the testimonies of that historical event, that is, they are primary sources of the heritage inventory. The photographic records considered as iconography of the History of Art, reveal the various existing peculiarities and the cultural content of that historical moment.

Networked Heritage Management in the Lower Guadalquivir (Spain)

This paper describes the operations carried out to generate a georeferenced heritage inventory at a supra-municipal scale. The tool establishes links between its heritage elements based on the features and characteristics of the territory. The work has been carried out on the fluvial zone of the Lower Guadalquivir, an area of approximately 8500 km2 located in Andalusia in the south of Spain. The method used is based on the digital inventory of the Andalusian immovable historical heritage generated by the Andalusian Institute of Historical Heritage, in which more than 500 heritage assets in the study area are indexed. The work begins with the expansion and processing of these assets with the aim of reorganizing them and establishing new parameters in their classification schemes. Subsequently, a spatial analysis developed in a GIS environment detects relationships between heritage assets determined by the physical characteristics of the territory. These relationships are contrasted by historical research, and eight heritage networks in the territory are defined as a result. Finally, one of the networks is used to show how, from the graph theory, it is possible to investigate the detected links. Ultimately, it is discussed how this study allows us to move toward new models of the heritage management of territorial dimension and relational vocation.

An Overview of the French eDNA Data Landscape: Focus on a national technical repository of reference genetic sequences

Environmental DNA (eDNA) data enables biodiversity to be monitored at unprecedented resolution and scale. There is great potential in combining knowledge from traditional and innovative methods such as eDNA for biodiversity assessment. eDNA use cases are increasing in aquatic and marine environments, and studies on soils have been developed in recent years. PatriNat*1 (under the guardianship of the French Biodiversity Office (OFB), National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), and Research Institute for Development (IRD)) is a French data and expertise center working with environmental and research stakeholders to develop data exchanges at all levels. We discuss what eDNA data is (Fig. 1), the different types of data, and the importance of their storage and accessibility. As the amount of eDNA data increases, public agencies need to propose FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) tools and methods to facilitate their use and foster the development of relevant scientific expertise. We give an overview of the French eDNA data landscape and links with existing standards SINP*2 (National Heritage Inventory Information System), Darwin Core*3(Wieczorek et al. 2012) and workflows (Fig. 2). A priority of eDNA data is to have reliable reference bases and FAIR metadata. PatriNat's new tool will provide access to expertly validated genetic sequence data on species present in France, and is urgently needed for research but also knowledge, monitoring, public policies, and potential law enforcement purposes. We therefore present this technical database built in conjunction with, among other initiatives, DiSSCo*4, iBOL*5 and TaxRef*6 (Gargominy et al. 2022). It will manage 3 data types: Intrinsic sequence data (marker, sequencing methods, etc.). Sequence management (organization, identifiers, URLs, etc.). Voucher data Intrinsic sequence data (marker, sequencing methods, etc.). Sequence management (organization, identifiers, URLs, etc.). Voucher data It will use the nomenclature of Chakrabarty et al. (2013) as well as: The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) standard*7 (Droege et al. 2016) The Minimum information about any sequence (MIxS) standard (Yilmaz et al. 2011) The Biological Collection Data (ABCD) standard*8 (Holetschek et al. 2012) The Collections Descriptions terms*9 (Woodburn et al. 2021) The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) standard*7 (Droege et al. 2016) The Minimum information about any sequence (MIxS) standard (Yilmaz et al. 2011) The Biological Collection Data (ABCD) standard*8 (Holetschek et al. 2012) The Collections Descriptions terms*9 (Woodburn et al. 2021) The DwC DNA extension*10 can be used for sharing parts of its contents to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, but referencing sequences associated with specimens/vouchers will require other standards.

Why Did Red Ereño Limestone Go Red? Linking Scientific Knowledge and Geoheritage Story-Telling (Basque Country, Spain)

Red Ereño is a red-stained ornamentaland construction limestone with characteristic white fossil shells. Although exploited since Roman times, marketed worldwide and that the rock itself and its outcrop areas have been included in geological heritage inventories, the origin of its characteristic reddish colour remained unresolved. The aim of this work is to deepen the scientific knowledge of Red Ereño as a basis for understanding the characteristics of this stone and to make this information available for geoconservation actions. The mineralogical and petrological study, mainly based on optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and rock magnetism and paleomagnetic techniques, concluded that the red-staining mineral is pigmentary hematite. Moreover, the analysis stated that hematite precipitated after sedimentation but prior to burial diagenesis and before alpine inversion. Based on palaeomagnetic studies, it can be stated that mineralisation occurred during the Late Cretaceous. This work illustrates how scientific research on this potential heritage stone provides key information for geoconservation.

Inventory and Quantitative Assessment of the Geological Heritage of Paraná State, Southern Brazil

The inventory of the geological heritage, along with the quantification of its value, is an essential task for the implementation of geoconservation strategies. Despite the Brazilian’s rich geological heritage, only the state of São Paulo has concluded its systematic inventory. This paper presents the geological heritage inventory of Paraná State and a quantitative assessment of the scientific value of geosites and their vulnerability. The method applied for the geosites evaluation was adjusted after analyzing the most deemed protocols in international literature, taking into account the Brazilian socioeconomic and cultural conditions. The selection of geosites made by experts was based on the following criteria: representativeness, rarity, integrity, and degree of scientific knowledge. The inventory consists of 76 geosites, distributed in nine geological frameworks, which represent the geological evolution of Paraná. It is expected that this work may support future planning and management actions, which can safeguard the state’s geological heritage, with efficient strategies, especially for those places with high risk of degradation.

Identification of priority geosites for public use management: application to the geological heritage inventory of São Paulo state

The characterization of the elements of geodiversity, through different inventory and quantitative evaluation methods, in the past decades, has allowed the identification of the most representative sites of the regional geological evolution of the state of São Paulo. Between 2013 and 2016, the first phase of the inventory of the geological heritage of São Paulo state was carried out. At the end of this stage, 142 geosites integrated into 11 geological categories were defined, which were characterized and quantitatively evaluated according to their scientific value and degradation risk, to establish future management priorities. Between 2017 and 2019, in the second phase of the research, the data obtained in the inventory were submitted to an analysis aiming at the diagnosis of use and protection and the proposal of strategies for management and public use of these geosites. Currently, the inventory of the geological heritage of the state is composed of 143 geosites, of which, based on their scientific value, 57 were evaluated as potential candidates to be integrated into the inventory of the national geological heritage. Despite this, there are still few works that systematically apply the stages of conservation and monitoring of geological sites. In this context, this study presented the initial phase of the definition of a methodology for the assessment of the evolution of the state of conservation of the geological heritage and its application in the state of São Paulo, to subsidize future actions of management and preservation of this heritage. In this stage, 129 state geosites were evaluated based on three defined criteria. This evaluation preliminarily resulted in the identification of 10 priority geosites, which will

The Future Will Remember: A Historical Approach to Restoring Muffled Voices in Intangible Cultural Heritage Inventory: The Macau Experience

Using the case of Macau’s joss-stick manufacturing, this study contributes to existing dialogue on issues surrounding the institutionalisation of ICH safeguarding and the consequential devitalisation of intangible values in the process of inventory. Through a close analysis of official documents, old English- and Chinese-language newspapers, pre-existing documentation, and oral and written interviews with the founders of Macau’s sole incense manufacturer, Veng Lei Laboratory (永利紙料), I will demonstrate the government’s scramble to compile an inventory of elements that lack depth and representation and the absence of communal involvement in the course of selection and inventory. Contrasting the history of the joss-stick industry with the official discourse, this study argues that the heritagisation of craftsmanship flattens the dynamics of the past experiences of practitioners and further muffles their voices. Providing an intervention to heritage studies from the historical perspective, it encourages a more careful consideration of the necessity of heritagising elements before they are inventoried.

An Algorithm to Detect Endangered Cultural Heritage by Agricultural Expansion in Drylands at a Global Scale

This article presents AgriExp, a remote-based workflow for the rapid mapping and monitoring of archaeological and cultural heritage locations endangered by new agricultural expansion and encroachment. Our approach is powered by the cloud-computing data cataloguing and processing capabilities of Google Earth Engine and it uses all the available scenes from the Sentinel-2 image collection to map index-based multi-aggregate yearly vegetation changes. A user-defined index threshold maps the first per-pixel occurrence of an abrupt vegetation change and returns an updated and classified multi-temporal image aggregate in almost-real-time. The algorithm requires an input vector table such as data gazetteers or heritage inventories, and it performs buffer zonal statistics for each site to return a series of spatial indicators of potential site disturbance. It also returns time series charts for the evaluation and validation of the local to regional vegetation trends and the seasonal phenology. Additionally, we used multi-temporal MODIS, Sentinel-2 and high-resolution Planet imagery for further photo-interpretation of critically endangered sites. AgriExp was first tested in the arid region of the Cholistan Desert in eastern Pakistan. Here, hundreds of archaeological mound surfaces are threatened by the accelerated transformation of barren lands into new irrigated agricultural lands. We have provided the algorithm code with the article to ensure that AgriExp can be exported and implemented with little computational cost by academics and heritage practitioners alike to monitor critically endangered archaeological and cultural landscapes elsewhere.

Architectural Inventories. Evolution of Graphic Documentation of Heritage

One of the main problems of the inventory of architectural heritage is managing and storing large amounts of information in different formats, in addition to the need to organize and manage the information generated by collaborative work between the different technicians who participate in the documentation process. The solution involves the development of a model capable of incorporating information on a layered support and allowing analysis and management, as well as interoperability between tools and other systems throughout the entire life cycle of the building. To carry out this work, two methodologies have been selected to verify their effectiveness in the field of architectural heritage inventory, covering the specific needs of generating a complete graphic database of the building. The Arches platform, a free open source software developed to carry out inventories, has been chosen for its interoperability, specificity and all the characteristics and functions described above. In turn, a WebGIS has been developed using free software standards and technology, to examine the possibilities it offers in relation to specific inventory programs. As a result, the creation of an Information System of the Mudejar Architectural Heritage of Aragón has been proposed, with the purpose of integrating under a common support, all the documentation and graphic information available on the heritage asset. The research limitations are the creation of a geo-referenced database, with geometric information on each building, which addresses the cataloguing of more than 200 assets, due to the uniqueness of this architectural style. The information is stored complying with the documentation standards to ensure interoperability and accessibility to the data.

Integrating, Indexing and Querying the Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage Available Online: The QueryLab Portal

Cultural heritage inventories have been created to collect and preserve the culture and to allow the participation of stakeholders and communities, promoting and disseminating their knowledges. There are two types of inventories: those who give data access via web services or open data, and others which are closed to external access and can be visited only through dedicated web sites, generating data silo problems. The integration of data harvested from different archives enables to compare the cultures and traditions of places from opposite sides of the world, showing how people have more in common than expected. The purpose of the developed portal is to provide query tools managing the web services provided by cultural heritage databases in a transparent way, allowing the user to make a single query and obtain results from all inventories considered at the same time. Moreover, with the introduction of the ICH-Light model, specifically studied for the mapping of intangible heritage, data from inventories of this domain can also be harvested, indexed and integrated into the portal, allowing the creation of an environment dedicated to intangible data where traditions, knowledges, rituals and festive events can be found and searched all together.

Identification of Industrial Heritage and a Theoretical Framework for an Industrial Heritage Inventory System in Pakistan

Heritage studies and historical preservation in Pakistan, which have gained momentum in the past few decades, have been focused primarily on residential, commercial, and religious architecture dating to the British and Mughal eras, leaving aside an important layer of economic and urban history related to the industrialization of major cities. Most industrial buildings are left to decay or are demolished to make space for new development. Based on a literature review of Pakistan’s industrial heritage and site surveys conducted in Pakistan between 2019 and 2021, several industrial facilities were identified that have social, cultural, and economic potential for reuse or retooling to address the problem of inadequate public amenities in urban areas. There is, however, no documentation regarding such sites that is available for use by potential stakeholders. An inventory system is proposed to establish an overview of the industrial heritage in Pakistan (types of sites, current properties, spatial characteristics, significance) and to facilitate the recognition and management of these sites. An “industrial site inventory record” (ISIR) form is proposed to record information about industrial buildings and sites. In addition, an “industrial site statement of significance” (ISSOS) is proposed for use in recording the description, heritage value, and important architectural elements of significant industrial buildings and sites. The proposed inventory system is a step toward the recognition of industrial heritage and its potential for adaptive reuse and contribution to urban regeneration.

Principles for Developing a National Soil Heritage Inventory

Principles for Developing a National Soil Heritage Inventory

Malolos Heritage District: A cultural heritage mapping and inventory – 2020-2021

In the past, Cultural Mapping and Inventory has been used as a technique by some professionals in the 'Community Development' sector as a way of 'Mapping' community assets. How it was undertaken was largely dependent on who was doing it and why, most commonly it was used as a tool to identify the resources of communities and was referred to as 'Community Mapping’. If one were to ask what is Cultural Mapping we would firstly have to say that it involves mapping the Culture of who or what you are, be it a tribe, organization, community, group, school, association, business or an individual - to find your unique assets or strengths. Culture can in this case be defined as your intellectual property, your special way of being or doing, the purpose of your existence, the business you are in (or would like to be) or the special story that you have to tell, such as your reason for doing what you do. It is a process that has a purpose, and through the use of a proven ‘system’ Cultural Mapping outcomes can be harnessed and directed to create sustainable futures. Cultural mapping and inventory are an ongoing process. And many of its benefits can only be achieved through sustained efforts to update the cultural data and to compare it over time. Because of this, a need to comprehensively consolidate local culture profile and generate baseline data for cultural statistics of Malolos since it was Declared Heritage District in 2001. There would be comprehensive and detailed mapping and inventory that will be produced to serve as guide for validation of the remaining cultural heritage of Malolos that still survive amidst the surging urbanization of Malolos. The consolidated local culture profile and generate baseline data for cultural statistics that will recommend mechanisms to integrate profiles and baseline statistics in LGU development plans, programs, and activities.

YINGSHAO: A FLEXIBLE DATA COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT PLATFORM FOR CHINA’S HERITAGE SITES

Abstract. The advancement of geoinformatics technologies promotes national-level attention to heritage inventories and digital platforms. The management of heritage sites requires a more efficient and flexible collection methodology to collect GIS data and support extended applications. This paper discusses the system design and application of Yingshao platform, a more flexible and efficient data collection platform for Chinese heritage sites and full lifecycle management. It applis a framework of WebGIS, MobileGIS and WebGL and adopts a data storage scheme of MySQL and MangoDB. Based on the advanced system architecture, the platform has formed better solutions: (1) establishing a standard and cooperative workflow; (2) integrating diverse data sources; (3) building a flexible geospatial database with a time dimension; (4) ensuring data security and safety. In the applications in China's heritage sites, it significantly improves the efficiency and flexibility during collection. Meanwhile, the collected data could well support management scenarios. We believe that the platform could become an effective and flexible data collection and management tool for China's heritage sites, and it has the potential to become the foundation for full lifecycle management.

Some Creswick Goldfield Sites now listed on Victorian Heritage Inventory

Some Creswick Goldfield Sites now listed on Victorian Heritage Inventory

Citizen Science Contributions to Address Biodiversity Loss and Conservation Planning in a Rapidly Developing Region

Biodiversity data support conservation research and inform conservation decisions addressing the wicked problem of biodiversity loss. However, these data often need processing and compilation before use, which exceed the time availability of professional scientists. Nevertheless, scientists can recruit, train, and support a network of citizen scientists to prepare these data using online platforms. Here, we describe three citizen science projects sponsored by the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission to transcribe and georeference historic herbarium specimens and document current biodiversity through iNaturalist for two highly biodiverse and rapidly developing counties in Northwest Arkansas, USA. Citizen science-generated data will be used in a county natural heritage inventory (CNHI) report, including a comprehensive list of taxa tied to voucher specimens and records for rare plant populations. Since the CNHI project started in 2018, citizen scientists have transcribed 8855 and georeferenced 2636 specimen records. From iNaturalist observations, 125 rare plant populations of 39 taxa have been documented. This CNHI report will determine the most critical taxa, habitats, and sites for conservation action in the region and will inform conservation stakeholders at the local, state, and federal levels as they engage in land acquisition, ecological restoration, natural resource management, planning of growth and development, and environmental review/regulation.

Microclimate monitoring and conservation issues of a Baroque church in Italy: a risk assessment analysis

ABSTRACT The preservation of historic churches and their most precious artefacts usually includes a monitoring campaign of the indoor microclimate conditions. This research presents the information that can be obtained through the application of a novel set of risk indices to the monitored data acquired in a Baroque church of the 18th century in Italy. The main risks found with this comprehensive methodology, i.e. the biological risk that induces the growth of mould and the chemical and mechanical risks due to unsuitable indoor parameters, would not have been identifiable using the traditional approach based on the National UNI 10829 Standard. Indeed, such an approach only shows that indoor air temperature (below 15°C for 71% of the time) and relative humidity (over 85% for 73% of the time) are outside the range suggested for the conservation of the frescoes. On the other hand, the indications provided through risk indices can be used for more detailed information on the nature of the risks to assess, also in the case of a low-resolution monitoring campaign, so as to benefit the conservation of the widespread heritage inventory, for which funding is usually scarce.

Sampling selection methodology: inventoried façades of Pelotas/RS

A sampling selection methodology using buildings facades of Pelotas/RS - a city located in the south of Rio Grande do Sul – are developed. Pelotas heritage is considered one of the most representative of eclectic architecture from Brazil. This sampling selection methodology alternative is based on framing, selection and buildings exclusion considering different solar orientations, typologies, damage degrees, among others. The properties list of Pelotas is presented in Cultural Heritage Inventory and Zona de Preservação do Patrimônio Cultural (ZPPC), following preservation level described in the City's III Master Plan. Some other constraints considering city morphology were also considering. Regarding the results, Pelotas mostly presents ground floor buildings, painted with mortar cover, and destined for services. Cracks, dirt and paint detachment were the main pathological manifestations found in Pelotas historical buildings. Although Pelotas presents many inventoried historic buildings protected by legal means, their cultural heritage condition recognition no guarantee the building's permanence over the time. Moreover, sampling methodology proposed in this study can enhance and systematize surveys in field studies and does not disqualify the properties. This development denotes an innovation to be certainly applied in other historic cities.