Hepatotoxicity In Rabbits Research Articles

Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of Sedum adenotrichum in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Sedum adenotrichum (SA) has been traditionally used against various ailments due to the presence of several important phenolic compounds. This study provides a scientific basis for the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potentials of Sedum adenotrichum in paracetamol-induced toxicity in rabbits. Methanolic extract of Sedum adenotrichum along with paracetamol was administered orally to rabbits alone or in combination with paracetamol for 2weeks. Results showed that paracetamol-induced toxicity was correlated with a significant change in biochemical, hematological parameters, and loss in body weight of rabbits, and the curative effect of SA methanolic extract was found. Liver and kidney histological studies showed significant induced toxicity of paracetamol and correspondence restoration power of SA methanolic extract. The levels of reduced glutathione, radical scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation in the liver were restored to normal by the methanolic extract of SA. This study confirmed the protective effect of SA methanolic extract against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by paracetamol. Biochemical analysis of the methanolic extract of SA confirmed the presence of bioactive phenolic compounds which have hepatic and nephroprotective potentials.

Effects of aqueous extract of Medicago denticulata against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Medicago denticulata is commonly used as a leafy vegetable, salad, and food ingredient. In this study, different doses of leaves aqueous extract of M. denticulata (MD) were fed to intoxicated rabbits with paracetamol (100, 200, and 300mg/kg) for regular 21days. The aqueous extract was evaluated for phenolic composition using HPLC-DAD. Serum biochemical and hematological parameters were studied to check its activity. The liver was examined histologically and for antioxidant status. Results revealed that paracetamol led to a significant alteration in all the hematological (RBC, WBC, Hb, PLT, and HCT), and serum lipid parameters (TC, HDL, LDL, and TG) while MD at the dose rate of 300mg/kg had a curative effect on the stabilization of the affected parameters. The high dose of MD ameliorated different antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of the liver on day 21st of the treatment. Histological studies revealed significant paracetamol-induced toxicity of the liver, whereas the MD had positive effects on induced toxicity. Improvement in all these alterations confirms the curative potential of Medicago denticulata extract. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Paracetamol is a well-known antipyretic and analgesic medicine. However, it has been found to cause toxicity including hepatotoxicity. Synthetic drugs such as statins, antibiotics, and anti-viral are used for curing hepatic diseases also cause severe side effects. Thus, nutraceuticals from plant foods are used to reduce the side effects of different hepatotoxic medicine are continuously researched. This study reported for the first time that aqueous extract of the plant leaves was protective against the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol.

Phoenix dactylifera (Ajwa Date) Whole Fruit, Flesh and Powdered Seed Prevents Anti-Tuberculous Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Introduction: Hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous medicine is known due to their oxidative stress. Ajwa dates may have a role to protect liver from oxidative stressAims & Objectives: To assess the preventive effect of Ajwa date on hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous drugs in rabbits.Place and duration of study: Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore for three months, from May 2014 to July 2014.Material & Methods: Thirty rabbits were distributed into five groups. Rabbits of Group A and of B were fed on normal diet in form of pellets. Group C, D and E were provided diet containing one whole Ajwa date, flesh of one Ajwa date and powdered seed of one Ajwa date respectively in each 100 grams of diet throughout study. Group B, C, D and E were administered 50mg/kg isoniazid and 100mg/kg rifampicin orally for 14 days. Serum levels of liver enzymes Alaninetransaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin were estimated on day 0 and 14. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test and t-test were applied for statistical analysis using SPSS 20.Results: Baseline LFTs were normal in all groups. Significant hepatotoxicity was observed after 2weeks of INH and rifampicin administration in disease control group B (ALT 200.2±19.3 & ALP 231.0±21.3 IU/L, AST 139.0±22 & bilirubin 0.48±0.046mg/dl, (p value < 0.001) as compared to healthy control group A (ALT47.2 ± 6.7 & ALP78.2 ±5.0 IU/L, AST 43.0 ± 9.7, bilirubin 0.10± 0.00mg/dl). (p value < 0.001). Concomitant Ajwa intake during the same period resulted in an equipotent significantly similar improvement in LFTs in Groups C (whole date) ALT55.7 ± 4.7&ALP 91.5 ±5.0IU/L, AST, 59.0 ± 15.3 &bilirubin 0.09 ±0.02 mg/dl): D (flesh) ALT89.8 ± 6.3 & ALP111.3 ±9.4 IU/L, AST73.7 ± 8.3 & bilirubin0.12± 0.04 mg/dl & E (seed powder) ALT85.8 ± 8.6 IU/L &ALP 92.8 ±11.4 IU/L, AST57.5 ± 5.3 &bilirubin 0.12 ±0.04 mg/dl) versus group B (p value < 0.001). and near normalization of liver function close to that of healthy control groupConclusion: Co-administration of Ajwa date whole fruit, flesh and seed powder are equipotent and effective in preventing isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity.

Effect of Nigella Sativa (Black Cumin), Vitamin E and their Combination on Metoprolol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Background: Metoprolol (MET) is a selective Beta-1 blocker. It is metabolized in the liver. Unlike mostBetablockers, Metoprolol is unique in causing liver toxicity, which is infrequent, ranging from raised liverenzymes to severe liver damage. Aim: hepatotoxicity was induced in rabbits, and protective effects ofNigella sativa (NS), Vitamin E (Vit E), and a combination of Nigella sativa + Vitamin E were investigatedon Metoprolol-induced hepatotoxicity.Methods: 36 male rabbits were divided into six groups and treated as follow: Metoprolol (20mg/kg),Nigella sativa (2ml/kg), control group, Metoprolol + Nigella sativa, Metoprolol + Vitamin E ( 175mg/kg/day), Metoprolol + Nigella sativa + Vitamin E. Treatments were given orally for two weeks. Liverenzymes, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and interleukins (IL-6, IL-10) were measured in serum and liverhomogenates. Histopathological examinations were done for two animals in each group.Results: Elevated liver enzymes and histopathological changes were seen in all Metoprolol-treated animals.Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and Nigella sativa + Vitamin E reduced Metoprolol-induced rise in liver enzymes.Metoprolol increased malondialdehyde concentration in serum and liver homogenate. Treatment withNigella sativa, Nigella sativa + Vitamin E insignificantly decreased these levels. Neither Metoprolol norMetoprolol and Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and their combination changed the levels of IL-6 or IL-10.Conclusion: Metoprolol increased liver enzymes, and treatment with Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and Nigellasativa + Vitamin E significantly modified rise in liver enzymes. Metoprolol and other treatments had littleeffect on IL-6 or IL-10.

EFFECT OF AQUEOUS CRUDE EXTRACT OF ALOE VACILLANS LEAVES ON INDUCED HEPATIC DAMAGE IN MALE RABBITS

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Aloe vacillans leaves juice on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rabbits by intraperitoneal injection of (CCl4) at dose l ml/kg on day 7 and 8.The aqueous crude extract of Aloe vacillans leaves was administrated at dose 100 mg,300 mg and 500 mg/kg of body weight pass orally (p.o) daily for 8 days. The hepatotoxicity and its prevention were assessed by serum parameters like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin (Bil) and total protein (T.P). In CCl4 treated rabbits, a significant, increasing the ALT, AST, bilirubin and decreasing the Total protein levels were shown (p<0.05), due to liver damage, when compared with the normal group.Treatment with the aqueous extract of Aloe vacillans could significantly decrease the (ALT), (ALT) and bilirubin, increased T.P in serum at p< 0.05 when compared with CCl4 –treated group The data concluded that oral administration of aqueous extract of the leaves of Aloe vacillans significantly decreases the intensity of hepatic damage induced by CCl4 in rabbits.

Defensive activity of Hesperidin against Ciprofloxacin induced hepatic injury in rabbits.

This study was conducted to find out hepatoprotective activity of hesperidin (HES) 100mg/kg body weight (b.w.) against ciprofloxacin (CPX) 100 mg/kg induced hepatotoxicity in local breed rabbits .CPX is a broad spectrum antibiotic used for treatment of many bacterial infections. Twenty four male rabbits were divided into four groups ,group1: control, (1 ml/kg Saline orally) group 2: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) for (14) consecutive days , group 3: HES (100 mg//kg) orally for (14) consecutive days group 4: CPX (100 mg/kg orally) plus HES (100 mg//kg orally ) for (14) consecutive days. All the rabbits were killed on the (15) day of the experiment, and then the blood, and livers samples were taken. CPX induced hepatotoxicity was proved by a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in the body weight ,and a significant (p less than 0.01) increased serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) , Malonaldehyde enzyme (MAD) and histopathological changes. Protective hepatic toxicity effect and oxidative damage caused by CPX significantly (p less than 0.01) increasing in body weight and significantly (p less than 0.01) decreasing AST , ALT, MAD and improving tissue morphology in HES (100 mg//kg) . These results assure that HES (100 mg//kg) antioxidant effects can protect CPX-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Ameliorating Effect of a Beta-Blocker, Propranolol on Carbamazepine-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Ameliorating Effect of a Beta-Blocker, Propranolol on Carbamazepine-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Effect of Raphanus Sativus (Radish) Leaf Extract on Atorvastatin Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Objectives: To investigate hepato-protective effect of ethanolic leave extract of Raphanus sativus against atorvastatin induced hepatotoxicity in albino rabbits. Study design: Experimental study Material and Method: This study conducted at department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The ethanolic extract of Raphanus sativus was prepared for hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicity produced by atorvastatin. Results: The results were compared with normal and experimental control. Serum was tested for ALT, AST, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin along with histological studies. Ethanolic extract of Raphanus sativus with 100mg/kg. of body weight dosage developed some changes representing hepatotoxicity but higher doses showed an increase in toxicity as observed on histologic sections. A reduction in fibrosis and cholestasis was observed which needs further evaluation. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of raphanus sativus did not show any amelioration in the increased enzymes level however a reduction in cholestasis was observed as represented by decreases in alkaline phosphatase levels also confirmed by histological studies.

Protective effect of <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> against carbon tetrachloride- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

Purpose: To investigate the possible hepatoprotective potential of Parthenium hysterophorus crude extract (Ph.Cr) against carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.Methods: Twenty rabbits were divided into five groups of four rabbits each. Group 1 served as normal control and received normal saline (5 mL/kg). Group 2 received normal saline followed by CCL4 (0.75 mL/kg p.o dose) after 1 h. Groups 3 and 4 received Ph.Cr at doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg po, respectively, for 7 days followed by one dose of CCL4, 2 h after the last extract dose (0.75 mL/kg, sc). Group 5 received silymarin as reference standard at a dose of 100 mg/kg orally for 7 days followed by one dose of CCL4 (0.75 mL/kg, sc), 2 h after the last drug dose. The effect of the extract on potassium (K+)- induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejenum was also evaluated. At the end of the study, the animals were sacrificed and their liver architecture examined microscopically.Results: Pre-treatment of rabbits with Ph.Cr reduced ALT, ALP and TB levels (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001) dose dependently. Hepatoprotective data indicate that Ph.Cr markedly reduced CCL4- and paracetamol-induced toxicity by preserving the histological architecture of the liver tissue at near normal. In isolated rabbit jejunum tissue, Ph.Cr relaxed high K+ (80 Mm)-induced contractions in a concentration-dependent (0.03 - 10 mg/mL) manner like that caused by silymarin.Conclusion: In the light of the results obtained, Parthenium hysterophorous possesses hepatoprotective activity against CCL4- and paracetamol-induced hepatic damage, possibly mediated via its antioxidant and Ca++ antagonist mechanisms.Keywords: Parthenium hysterophorus, Toxins, Hepatoprotection, Ca++ antagonist, Silymarin

Evaluating therapeutic potential of coriander seeds and leaves (Coriandrum sativum L.) to mitigate carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

Objective: To evaluate the hepatic and renal protective potential of coriander seeds and leaves using animal feed model. Methods: Coriander seeds- and leaves-based sauces were administrated to normal (Study I) and carbon tetrachloride (2 mL/kg B.W.)-induced hepatotoxic rabbits (Study II). Hepatic and renal biomarkers like aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured. Results: Coriander leaves-based sauce exerted more decline (P

Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Bark Extract of Bosweillia dalzielii against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Bark Extract of Bosweillia dalzielii against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

A study of the effect of Nigella sativa (Black seeds) on pyrazinamide and anti-tuberculosis drugs induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

A study of the effect of Nigella sativa (Black seeds) on pyrazinamide and anti-tuberculosis drugs induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Species differences in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity: Rabbits resist methotrexate nephrotoxicity

Background: Animal models are important tools for studying drug-induced toxicity. Species differences in drug-induced nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity was frequently reported, however, clear evidence of species differences in nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate (MTX) is not available. Aim: The present study was designed to investigate nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity of MTX in mice and rabbits. Methodology: twelve rabbits and 16 mice were used for the study. Each species of animals was divided into 2 groups; control and MTX treatedgroups. The control groups were treated with normal saline intra-peritoneum (IP), MTX was given IP in a dose of 20 mg/kg/weekly for 38 days for the rabbits and at a dose of 10mg/kg/ weekly for 23 days for mice. Serum levels of liver enzymes, urea, creatinine, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and MDA in liver homogenate were estimated for the rabbits. In mice, glutathione (GSH) and MDA were estimated in liver and kidney homogenates. Histopathological examination of the kidney and liver was done for the 2 species. Results: In the rabbits, MTX resulted in a significant increase in liver enzymes, and in MDA levels of serum, liver and kidney homogenates, while the levels of urea and creatinine were not affected. Histopathological changes suggestive of liver damage were seen, while the kidneys appeared normal on histopathological examination. In the mice, MTX resulted in a significant increase in MDA in the liver homogenates with a small and insignificant reduction in GSH. In mice kidney homogenates, MTX had not affected MDA, while GSH was significantly reduced. Histopathological examination in mice showed significant damage in both liver and kidney. Conclusion: MTX produced hepatotoxicity in rabbits and mice but nephrotoxicity occurred in mice only. This suggests that rabbits might be resistant to MTX induced nephrotoxicity

A study of the effect of Nigella Sativa (black seeds) on Methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of Nigella sativa (NS) in the prevention of hepatotoxicity of large doses of methotrexate (MTX) (IP) in rabbits. Methods: Three groups of male rabbits, six in each were used. Oral dosing was administered as a paste; formula 1 was prepared by mixing 2 g flour with water; formula 2 contained flour and NS and water. Group 1 was fed with formula 1 daily and injected with 2 ml/kg normal saline IP. Group 2 was given formula 1 daily with 20 mg/kg MTX IP. Group 3 was fed with formula 2 daily + MTX 20 mg/kg IP. Injections were given weekly for 5 weeks, and then the animals were sacrificed at day 39. Liver enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and histopathology of the liver were evaluated. Results: Liver enzymes, serum, and liver MDA were significantly increased by MTX. MTX + NS treatment significantly reduced the rise in liver enzymes, MDA in serum with little effect on liver MDA. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin were reduced from 82.8±18.04 U/L, 4.9±2.0 kind and king unit/100 ml and 0.74±0.1 mg/dl to 56.1±7.5, 2.0±0.6 and 0.27±0.1 respectively. Unexpectedly, serum and liver GSH were slightly increased by MTX. Treatment with MTX + NS further increased these levels. Histologically, portal and lobular sinusoidal dilatation, lymphocytic infiltration, and hepatocyte hydropic degeneration were seen in all rabbits on MTX, which disappeared in three rabbits on NS + MTX. Conclusion: NS is hepatoprotective against MTX induced hepatotoxicity.

The hepatoprotective activity of the herbal preparation Salivin against carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

Abstract Recently, a trend has developed towards employing certain herbal medicines to manage hepatotoxicity. The present study is that of an assessment of the efficacy of a herbal preparation of Salivin (HPS), a combination of the herbs of Saussurea amara (L.)DC., Salsola collina Pall., Achillea asiatica Serg. and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, in rabbit models, against CCl4-induced hepatic damage. In so doing, an extract of HPS (200 mg/kg body weight/day), along with reference control tablets of Carsil (Silymarin 35 mg) (250 mg/kg body weight/day) (which is known for its hepatoprotective effects) were administered, along with the standard diet. The experimental group of rabbits received HPS orally for 28 days, which resulted in a decrease in blood enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase), compared to the control. Evidenced by biochemical and histopathological studies, it is concluded that the polyherbal formulation HPS showed hepatoprotective activity against induced CCl4 hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

The Potential Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Aloe Vera Juice on Malathion Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits

Background: the potential protective and therapeutic effects of Aloe vera juice against malathion induced hepatotoxicity were evaluated in this study. Material and methods: one hundred twelve young male rabbits were used ; they were allocated into two sets of experiments included rabbits treated for short (7 days) and long (21 days) periods. Animals of the first set (short period of treatment) were divided into eight groups; each consisted of four treated groups and four control groups (each treated group had its own control). The animals of the first group were orally dosed with Aloe vera juice (0.84 ml/kg b. wt.). Rabbits of the second group were orally dosed with malathion (5 mg/kg b. wt.). The third group animals were dosed orally with malathion concomitant with Aloe vera juice (this group served as the protective group). Animals of the fourth group were dosed orally with malathion; for 7 days followed by Aloe vera juice for the same period (this group served as the therapeutic group). The design of the second set (long period of treatment) was exactly similar to that of the short period experiments (divided into eight groups; four treated and four control groups) except the duration of treatment which extended to 21 days. Animals of the control groups of Aloe vera treated rabbits were dosed with distilled water, and those of malathion treated animals were dosed with the solvent of the insecticide. All the animals were sacrificed, blood samples were collected and the serum was used to determine the levels of hepatic enzyme markers: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as well as the total bilirubin. Results: the results revealed that treatment of rabbits with malathion caused marked increase in the serum activity of LDH, ASAT, ALAT and ALP in treated rabbits. Administration of Aloe vera juice (in the protective and therapeutic groups) was found to be effective in lowering the elevated activities of these enzymes to approximate near normal levels for both the short and long periods of treatment, especially in the activity of LDH, ASAT and ALP. The present results suggested that Aloe vera juice has ameliorative effects against hepatotoxicity produced by malathion in the treated rabbits.

Effect of adrenergic blockers, carvedilol, prazosin, metoprolol and combination of prazosin and metoprolol on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.

Objectives:To evaluate hepatoprotective potential of carvedilol, prazosin, metoprolol and prazosin plus metoprolol in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.Materials and Methods:Thirty-six male rabbits were divided into six groups, six in each, group 1 received distilled water, group 2 were treated with paracetamol (1 g/kg/day, orally), group 3, 4,5 and 6 were treated at a dose in (mg/kg/day) of the following: Carvedilol (10 mg), prazosin (0.5 mg), metoprolol (10 mg), and a combination of metoprolol (10 mg) and prazosin (0.5 mg) respectively 1 h before paracetamol treatment. All treatments were given for 9 days; animals were sacrificed at day 10. Liver function tests, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in serum and liver homogenates were estimated. Histopathological examinations of liver were performed.Results:Histopathological changes of hepatotoxicity were found in all paracetamol-treated rabbits. The histopathological findings of paracetamol toxicity disappeared in five rabbits on prazosin, very mild in one. In carvedilol group paracetamol toxicity completely disappeared in three, while mild in three rabbits. Paracetamol hepatotoxicity was not changed by metoprolol. In metoprolol plus prazosin treated rabbits, moderate histopathological changes were observed. Serum liver function tests and MDA in serum and in liver homogenate were elevated; GSH was depleted after paracetamol treatment and returned back to the control value on prior treatment with prazosin. MDA in serum and liver homogenate, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin were significantly decreased after carvedilol and prazosin plus metoprolol treatments.Conclusion:Carvedilol and prazosin are hepatoprotective in paracetamol hepatotoxicity, combination of prazosin and metoprolol have moderate, and metoprolol has a little hepatoprotection.

Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous-methanolic extract of <i>Suaeda fruticosa</i> in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of the aqueous-methanolic extract of Suaeda fruticosa (500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg b.w., p.o) against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Silymarin 100 mg/kg, p.o. was served as standard. The degree of protection was determined by measuring the levels of biochemical marker such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP and bilirubin (total). The results showed that extract of S. fruticosa significantly (p<0.05) decreased the paracetamol-induced increased levels of liver enzymes and total bilirubin in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological studies also revealed the hepatoprotective effects of S. fruticosa . It is concluded that the aqueous-methanolic extract of S. fruticosa possesses hepatoprotective activity.

Ameliorative effect of protein and calcium on fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

To investigate whether protein (Pr) or calcium (Ca) supplementation could ameliorate hepatic damage induced by excessive fluoride (F); thirty-two 30-day-old healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (female: male = 1:1). The four groups were maintained on distilled water and fed the following diets for 120 days: (1) a malnutrition control (MC) diet (8.58% Pr, 0.49% Ca); (2) the MC diet plus HiF (high fluoride in their diet, 200 mg F ion/kg from NaF); (3) a Ca deficient MC diet plus HiPr+HiF (0.46% Ca, 18.41% Pr, plus HiF); and (4) a Pr deficient MC diet plus HiCa+HiF (2.23% Ca, 8.35% Pr, plus HiF). Results show that in HiF group, the serum total Pr (TPr) and albumin (ALB) content significantly decreased, whereas both Pr and Ca rich diets significantly enhanced their levels. In liver, low superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, high malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and evident mitochondria lesions in HiF group indicated a significant oxidative stress, while Pr or Ca supplementation brought an ultrastructural repair and a recovery antioxidant defense in liver. The findings in the present work implied the ameliorative effects of Pr or Ca supplementation on F-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Keywords: Fluoride, hepatotoxicity, malnutrition, calcium supplementation, protein supplementation

Effect of Calitropis Procera Aqueous Root Extract Against CCL&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; Induced Liver Toxicity in Rabbits

The hepatocurative effect of aqueous root extract of Calitropis Procera on CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits was studied in groups of rabbit and the levels of liver enzymes; aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Serum concentrations of total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were found to be significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher in group induced with hepatotoxicity, with significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower total protein and urea compared to the control group. These findings confirmed induction of hepatotoxicity. Three different dosages were orally administred (1.0g/kg, 2.5g/kg and 3.6 g/kg) twice daily for 9 days. The C. Procera root extract was found to significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduce the serum levels of AST, ALT, and ALP, serum concentration of total bilirubin in rats with hepatotoxicity compared to the the control group and significantly (p&lt;0.05) incerased the serum concentration of total protein and urea. These indicates the possible hepatocurative effects of aqueous root extract of C. Procera on CCl4 induced liver toxicity.