Hepatitis B-related Chronic Liver Disease Research Articles

Chronic Viral Hepatitis B and Intestinal Microecology

Hepatitis B is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. After HBV infection, some patients develop chronic hepatitis, and long-term inflammation and fibrosis may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, the role of gut microecology in liver disease has received widespread attention. The balance of the gut microbial community is essential for maintaining the health of the host immune system, and HBV infection may affect this balance. Based on this, this article investigates hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease and gut microecology for reference.

Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases

Hepatitis is a universal concept that mean inflammation of the liver and infection with 1 of the 5 viruses called hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses is the almost common cause. The 5 viral cause’s hepatitis-B infection is the worldly almost common hepatic infection, which is cause by hepatitis-B (HBV). HBV is a DNA virus. It is 42–47 nm in diameter and enters the liver through with blood stream. HBV is highly contagious and is 60–100 times more than HIV. It is transmissible throughly with blood cell and all body fluid or mucosa membranous. It is transmitted almost normally by unsafe physical sexual contact, contaminated blood transfusions and unsterilized use needles from mother to baby, close household touch and in the midst of children in early childhood. Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases; 1. Identification of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen positive cases; 2. Occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases. 5ml blood was collected from anterior cubital vein by Venipuncture from recruited patient. Samples were collected after proper consent and aseptic precautions. Then every blood sample was transfer overhead a tagged tube plane vial The study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital. Blood sample from 106 patients including both male and female were collected from various department of the Hospital for the analysis purpose. Out of them, 38 (36%) cases were HBeAg positive and 68 (64%) cases were HBeAg negative: The result of our study put up valuable information and connection in HBeAg positive cases. In this little sample size 106 analysis of the patients at Uttar Pradesh Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, the prevalence of HBeAg (positive results) in the department of medical microbiology, while the negative result is 68(64%).Males 29(76%) were more affected by the HBV (HBeAg) infection as compare to Female 9(24%).An important preventive measure is the screening for HBV in blood donors. Hepatitis-B related chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma are best prevented by universal childhood immunization. In non-infected people, HBV infection can be avoided by HBV vaccination.Injections Sequence 3 at 0, 1 and 6 months. In over 90% of recipients vaccination is successful.

PP-12 - The role of hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease on the changes of iron parameters, B12 and folic acid levels

PP-12 - The role of hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease on the changes of iron parameters, B12 and folic acid levels

Bone Health and Impact of Tenofovir Treatment in Men with Hepatitis-B Related Chronic Liver Disease

Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) has been shown to have an adverse impact on bone health. Hepatitis-B related CLD and its treatment with tenofovir may have additional effects on skeleton. To study the impact of HBV related CLD and its treatment with Tenofovir on bone health in Indian subjects. This cross sectional study included men (18-60 years) and comprised of three groups: Group-1 was treatment naïve HBV related CLD (n=79), Group-2 those with HBV related CLD on tenofovir for at least 1 year (n=136), Group-3 age, sex and Body Mass Index (BMI) matched healthy controls (n=58). Bone biochemistry and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at spine, Femoral Neck (FN) and forearm were studied. Independent t-test or ANOVA was used to compare the means of continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the factors causing Low Bone Mass (LBM) at FN. A significantly greater proportion (P<0.05) of patients (40%) with CLD (group 1 and group 2) had vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml) in comparison with control group (22%). The mean serum C-Terminal telopeptide was significantly higher (P<0.05) and the mean BMD was significantly lower (P<0.05) in subjects with HBV related CLD than controls. The prevalence of LBM was higher in group 1 at the spine (31%) and forearm (18.4%) when compared to controls (8.1% and 7.8% respectively) (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with LBM at FN was highest in group 2 (12.3%) compared to those in group 1 (8%) and group 3 (4%) (P<0.05). Advanced age, low BMI, and high viral load (>10,000IU/ml) emerged as significant risk factors for LBM at FN. The impact of hepatitis-B related CLD as well as its treatment on bone health is significant. Bone health need to be periodically evaluated in these subjects especially in older men who are lean and have a higher viral load.

Impact of hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease and its therapy on bone health

Impact of hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease and its therapy on bone health

DNA methylation profiling identifies novel markers of progression in hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease.

BackgroundChronic hepatitis B infection is characterized by hepatic immune and inflammatory response with considerable variation in the rates of progression to cirrhosis. Genetic variants and environmental cues influence predisposition to the development of chronic liver disease; however, it remains unknown if aberrant DNA methylation is associated with fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis B.ResultsTo identify epigenetic marks associated with inflammatory and fibrotic processes of the hepatitis B-induced chronic liver disease, we carried out hepatic genome-wide methylation profiling using Illumina Infinium BeadArrays comparing mild and severe fibrotic disease in a discovery cohort of 29 patients. We obtained 310 differentially methylated regions and selected four loci comprising three genes from the top differentially methylated regions: hypermethylation of HOXA2 and HDAC4 along with hypomethylation of PPP1R18 were significantly linked to severe fibrosis. We replicated the prominent methylation marks in an independent cohort of 102 patients by bisulfite modification and pyrosequencing. The timing and causal relationship of epigenetic modifications with disease severity was further investigated using a cohort of patients with serial biopsies.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a linkage of widespread epigenetic dysregulation with disease progression in chronic hepatitis B infection. CpG methylation at novel genes sheds light on new molecular pathways, which can be potentially exploited as a biomarker or targeted to attenuate inflammation and fibrosis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0218-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

One-year extended, monthly vaccination prophylaxis combined with hepatitis B immune globulin for hepatitis B after liver transplantation.

The feasibility of vaccination in liver transplant recipients is highly controversial, and the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a 1-year extended, monthly vaccine prophylaxis protocol of a second-generation recombinant vaccine for transplant recipients. The recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (10 µg) was administrated s.c. every month for 12 months as the vaccination protocol to 39 liver transplant recipients in stable condition, including those with hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease (n = 30), those with acute hepatitis B liver failure (hepatitis B surface antibody [HBsAb], n = 4), and those with hepatitis B core antibody positive grafts (n = 5). A fixed dose of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) was administrated during the study based on the monoprophylaxis approach, and the increase in the hepatitis B surface antibody titer was measured to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccination. The vaccination protocol was initiated a mean of 54 months (range, 13-124) after liver transplantation, and all patients tolerated the vaccination well without adverse effects. The overall hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence rate was 5% (2/39) based on hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, and 2% (1/39) based on HBV DNA detectability. Six (15%) patients showed a good response to vaccination with an increase in the HBsAb titer greater than 100 IU/L at the end of vaccination, but only three (8%) maintained an adequate HBsAb level to spare HBIG during the 2-year observation period. While a few patients demonstrated an adequate response to vaccination, the clinical indication for the HBV vaccination for liver transplant recipients is currently minimal.

Portal vein thrombosis in a young patient of previously asymptomatic hepatocellular carcinoma with Hepatitis-B related cirrhosis

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare condition whose exact prevalence is unknown. In developing countries like India it is most often due to umbilical or intra-abodominal sepsis in young patients. In South-East Asia, PVT is usually seen in middle age and above commonly when due to hepatitis-B related chronic liver disease or HCC, and other malignancies, being extremely rare in those below 30 years. We report a case of abrupt onset PVT with incidentally detected hepatitis-B associated cirrhosis

CDC Points to Higher Prevalence of Chronic HBV Infection Among Asian/Pacific Islanders

CDC Points to Higher Prevalence of Chronic HBV Infection Among Asian/Pacific Islanders

Detection of chronic hepatitis C virus infection by four diagnostic systems: first-generation and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay and nested polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Serum samples from 100 patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis-related chronic liver disease and 100 patients with hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease were tested by first-generation and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay and the nested polymerase chain reaction. In non-A, non-B hepatitis-related chronic liver disease, second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (anti-c22 and/or c200) and second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay showed 98% positivity, whereas first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (anti-c100-3) showed 89% positivity. The two second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay-negative samples were positive by nested polymerase chain reaction, but one second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay-positive sample was polymerase chain reaction negative. However, when this second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay-positive sample was tested by polymerase chain reaction using another set of primers, it was polymerase chain reaction positive. Therefore, 100% of the non-A, non-B hepatitis-related chronic liver disease serum samples were hepatitis C virus RNA positive by polymerase chain reaction. Nine hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease samples were first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay positive. Of the eight second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-positive hepatitis B-related chronic liver disease samples, six were first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay positive and five were second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay positive and polymerase chain reaction positive. One indeterminate second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay sample was polymerase chain reaction negative. Therefore, second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay appears to be as useful as polymerase chain reaction for detecting a chronic hepatitis C virus infection, although some discrepancies were noted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)