Growth Of Helicobacter Pylori Research Articles

Helicobacter pylori Growth and Urease Inhibition by Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) Extract: a Pilot Study

The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of three cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) ethanol solutions on Helicobacter pylori growth and urease activity. We included numerous clinical Helicobacter pylori isolates and three methods: agar well diffusion method (AWDM), disk diffusion method (DDM) and urease inhibition test (UIT). The results were expressed as differences in inhibitory zone diameters (AWDM and DDM) or urease inhibition duration (UIT) by cranberry solutions compared to the ethanol control. AWDM showed that 400, 40 and 4 mg/l cranberry extracts inhibited the growth of 82.1, 57.1 and 42.8% of the isolates, respectively, while DDM at the highest cranberry concentration suppressed only 39.3% of the isolates. At 400, 40 and 4 mg/l, cranberry extracts also inhibited urease activity of 63.6, 54.5 and 40.9% isolates within 10 min, but of fewer isolates (18.2, 13.6 and 9.1%, respectively) at the 45th min. Although cranberry activity was dose- and strain-dependent, it affected more than half of the isolates at the two highest concentrations. DDM was less effective in detecting this activity. The cranberry extracts also inhibited the urease activity of H. pylori; however, in most cases, the inhibition was only temporary. Briefly, the high cranberry activity against H. pylori, together with its anti-adhesive, antioxidant, anti-biofilm and anti-cancer properties, justifies its use for prophylaxis or adjunctive treatment of chronic H. pylori infection. Importantly, UIT results suggest the benefit of regular cranberry intake over random intake.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Korean Propolis on Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Mucosal Injury Mice Model.

Propolis, a natural resinous substance obtained from a variety of buds and plants, has been reported to possess various biological functions. Several recent studies have demonstrated the inhibitory effects of propolis on the growth of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in vitro; however, current research efforts on Korean propolis (KP) remain insufficient especially in vivo. Our study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanism of KP on mouse gastric mucosa during H. pylori infection. We examined an in vivo H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury mice model. We found that KP inhibited the growth of H. pylori and attenuated the expression of H. pylori virulence factors such as cytotoxin-associated gene A, encoding urease A subunit, surface antigen gene and neutrophil-activating protein A. Moreover, KP reduced both gross lesions and pathological scores in H. pylori-challenged mice. In addition, KP markedly restrained the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide levels compared with an untreated H. pylori-infected group. In particular, we found that KP repressed the phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 subunit, and subsequently suppressed their downstream target genes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of KP on inflammation through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling as well as inhibition of H. pylori growth in a mouse model infected with H. pylori. This suggests the potential application of KP as a natural supplement for patient's suffering from gastric mucosal injury caused by H. pylori infection.

Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Few Medicinal Plants Extracts on Growth of Helicobacter Pylori

Background: H. pylori is a microaerophilic Gram-negative bacterium, spiral in shape. It infects approximately half of the population across the world. Aims: to assess the antibiotic resistance of H. pylori as well as the potential of medical plant extracts to inhibit resistant strains. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Microbiology Institute, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir’s from January 2019 to December 2019. Endoscopy was used to obtain samples from the gastrointestinal ward of teaching hospital of KMC, Khairpur. H. pylori was isolated, identified and inoculated. From the local market, ginger roots, garlic roots, kalonji seeds, and mint leaves were acquired and extracts were prepared. RESULTS: Antimicrobial sensitivity of extracts (Garlic, ginger, kalonji and mint) against H. pylori was tested by agar well-diffusion method. All herbal extracts showed more sensitivity extracted in ethanol as compared to distilled water. In contrast mint did not give any results. Ethanol extracts are found to be very effective against H. pylori as compared to distilled water extracts. Conclusion: Garlic, ginger, and kalonji all demonstrated antibacterial property towards H. pylori. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Plant Extracts, Inhibition Zone

The Antibacterial Activity of Three Samples of Natural Honey Collected from Algerian Territory on The Growth of Helicobacter Pylori.

The Antibacterial Activity of Three Samples of Natural Honey Collected from Algerian Territory on The Growth of Helicobacter Pylori.

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of Helicobacter pylori by Lactobacillus plantarum pH3A, monolaurin, and grapefruit seed extract.

Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of gastritis and gastric ulcers. Considering the severe side effects of current antibiotic therapies, it is crucial to find an alternate treatment for H. pylori infection. In this study, we investigated the anti-H. pylori effects of a newly isolated strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (pH3A), monolaurin, grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their synergies in vitro and in vivo. Monolaurin and GSE suppressed H. pylori growth and urease activity at a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 ppm. Live cells and cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of L. plantarum pH3A with or without pH adjustment also significantly inhibited H. pylori growth. Although synergy was not observed between monolaurin and GSE, the addition of CFCS significantly enhanced their anti-H. pylori activities. Moreover, L. plantarum pH3A significantly decreased the ability of H. pylori to adhere to AGS cells and interleukin (IL)-8 production in the H. pylori-stimulated AGS cell line. The addition of GSE or monolaurin strengthened these effects. In the in vivo study, H. pylori colonization of the mouse stomach and total serum IgG production were significantly reduced by L. plantarum pH3A treatment, but the addition of monolaurin or GSE did not contribute to these anti-H. pylori activities. Therefore, the L. plantarum pH3A strain can potentially be applied as an alternative anti-H. pylori therapy, but evidence of its synergy with monolaurin or GSE in vivo is still lacking.

Riboflavin Inhibits Growth of Helicobacter pylori by Down-regulation of polA and dnaB Genes

Riboflavin Inhibits Growth of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> by Down-regulation of <i>pol</i>A and <i>dna</i>B Genes

Effect of Thymus vulgaris oil on the growth of Helicobacter pylori

Man has used medicinal plants for a long time. Among these Thymus vulgaris whose therapeutic virtues have been proven by many works, especially in the field of the fight against infectious diseases. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of essential oils, obtained by extraction from a medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris on the growth of Helicobecter Pylori. Various pro-cesses for extracting T. vulgaris essential oil from the Tessala region of SBA (Western Algerian) have been highlighted. Quantitative analysis of T. vulgaris essential oil after its hydrodistillation extraction showed a good yield of 3.2%.The study of the antibacterial effect of T. vulgaris essential oil against the H. pylori taken from gastric biopsies (cases of gastritis, ulcer, malignant tumor) within the Gastroenterology Department at the Hospital University Centre of SBA, was highlighted by the aromatogram test, the MIC and MBC test and the test of monitoring bacterial growth in the absence and presence of essential oil. The aromatogram test of H. pylori in the presence of T. vulgaris essential oil allowed us to test several inhibitory concentrations (10-1 to 10-5). The results of the aromatogram obtained showed a good activity of T. vulgaris essential oil in comparison with H. pylori. In all the three pathological cases (gastric malignant tumours, gastritis and ulcer). The results of the MIC and MBC tests allowed us to determine the minimum inhibitory concen-tration and that of bactericidal, whose highest recorded inhibition values of T. vulgaris essential oil in relation to H. pylori in all the three above stated pathological cases are (62.5, 125) μ.ml-1respectively.

Inhibition of Type IV Secretion Activity and Growth of Helicobacter pylori by Cisplatin and Other Platinum Complexes.

Type IV secretion systems are protein secretion machineries that are frequently used by pathogenic bacteria to inject their virulence factors into target cells of their respective hosts. In the case of the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori, the cytotoxin-associated gene (Cag) type IV secretion system is considered a major cause for severe disease, such as gastric cancer, and thus constitutes an attractive target for specific treatment options against H. pylori infections. Here, we have used a Cag type IV secretion reporter assay for screening a repurposing compound library for inhibitors targeting this system. We found that the antitumor agent cisplatin, a platinum coordination complex that kills target cells by formation of DNA crosslinks, is a potent inhibitor of the Cag type IV secretion system. Strikingly, we found that this inhibitory activity of cisplatin depends on a ligand exchange reaction which incorporates a solvent molecule (dimethylsulfoxide) into the complex, a modification which is known to be deleterious for DNA crosslinking, and for its anticancer activity. We extended our analysis to several analogous platinum complexes containing N-heterocyclic carbene, as well as DMSO or other ligands, and found varying inhibitory activities toward the Cag system which were not congruent with their DNA-binding properties, suggesting that protein interactions may cause the inhibitory effect. Inhibition experiments under varying conditions revealed effects on adherence and bacterial viability as well, and showed that the type IV secretion-inhibitory capacity of platinum complexes can be inactivated by sulfur-containing reagents and in complex bacterial growth media. Taken together, our results demonstrate DNA binding-independent inhibitory effects of cisplatin and other platinum complexes against different H. pylori processes including type IV secretion.

The In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Helicobacter Pylori Growth and Urease Activity.

The anti-H. pylori properties of 26 different commercial essential oils were examined in vitro by MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination for the reference strain H. pylori ATCC 43504. We selected 9 essential oils with different anti-Helicobacter activities and established their phytochemical composition and urease inhibition activities. Phytochemical analysis of the selected essential oils by GC-MS method and antioxidant activity were performed. The phenol red method was used to screen the effect of essential oils on urease activity expressed as IC50 (the half of maximal inhibitory concentration). The most active essential oils, with MIC = 15.6 mg/L, were thyme, lemongrass, cedarwood and lemon balm oils; MIC = 31.3 mg/L—oregano oil; MIC = 62.5 mg/L—tea tree oil; MIC = 125 mg/L—pine needle, lemon and silver fir oils with bactericidal effect. Urease activity was inhibited by these oils with IC50 ranged from 5.3 to > 1049.9 mg/L. The most active was cedarwood oil (IC50 = 5.3 mg/L), inhibiting urease at sub-MIC concentrations (MIC = 15.6 mg/L). The statistical principal component analysis allowed for the division of the oils into three phytochemical groups differing in their anti-H. pylori activity. To summarize, the activity in vitro of the five essential oils silver fir, pine needle, tea tree, lemongrass, and cedarwood oils against H. pylori was found in this paper for the first time. The most active against clinical strains of H. pylori were cedar wood and oregano oils. Moreover, cedarwood oil inhibited the urease activity at subinhibitory concentrations. This essential oil can be regarded as a useful component of the plant preparations supporting the eradication H. pylori therapy.

The ‘missing’ gastric microbe; the impact of gastric cancer-associated microbiota on Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro and its implications in gastric carcinogenesis

In recent years, multiple studies have examined the bacterial communities present in the gastric microbiota during the progression to gastric cancer (GC). Although Helicobacter pylori is the biggest risk factor for GC, the microbiota of GC comprises a decreased load of H. pylori and an enrichment of bacteria, such as Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp., Actinomyces spp. However, interactions between H. pylori and these cancer-associated bacteria is hugely understudied. Here, we have used hypoxic growth conditions (5 % O2) to investigate polymicrobial interactions between cancer-associated bacteria and H. pylori in vitro. We found that whilst the co-culture of H. pylori with Prevotella spp. and Veillonella spp. had no effect on growth of either bacteria, Actinomyces oris completely inhibited the growth of H. pylori. Moreover, A. oris did not inhibit the growth of other Gram-negative pathogens such as Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli, whilst there was a slight growth inhibition of Campylobacter jejuni. Furthermore, ultrafiltration of A. oris culture supernatants revealed that inhibition is mediated by a secreted factor larger than 5 kDa, which can be heat inactivated. Interestingly, Actinomyces viscosus can also specifically kill H. pylori suggesting that this inhibition could be conserved across the Actinomyces genus. We are currently identifying the inhibitory factor responsible for inhibiting H. pylori growth. Furthermore, we are investigating whether A. oris can clear gastric H. pylori infection in a mouse model of infection and the implications of this on gastric carcinogenesis. In conclusion, whilst data-rich microbiota studies continue to thrive, it is imperative that we understand the mechanisms underpinning changes to the gastric microbiota and whether these bacteria are drivers or ‘passengers’ of gastric carcinogenesis.

Back Cover: Helicobacter pylori Growth Stage Determines the Size, Protein Composition, and Preferential Cargo Packaging of Outer Membrane Vesicles

Back Cover: <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Growth Stage Determines the Size, Protein Composition, and Preferential Cargo Packaging of Outer Membrane Vesicles

Chemical characterization and evaluation of gastric antiulcer properties of the hydroethanolic extract of the stem bark of Virola elongata (Benth.) Warb.

Ethnopharmacological relevanceVirola elongata is a tree species belonging to the Myristicaceae family, distributed in the North and Midwest regions of Brazil, in the phytogeographic domain of the Amazon. The aqueous infusion or the hydroethanolic macerate of the stem bark of V. elongata are used in Brazilian and Ecuadorian indigenous folk medicine for several ethnopharmacological purposes, principally, in the treatment of stomach pain, indigestions, and gastric ulcers. This study was aimed to investigate the gastroprotective activity of this plant in order to support its popular use with scientific evidence. Materials and methodsThe stem bark hydroethanolic extract of the plant (HEVe) was prepared by maceration. Its qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents were investigated by classical colorimetric techniques, HPLC, and electrospray ionization-multiple stage fragmentation (ESI-MSn). The gastroprotective and antiulcer activity of HEVe at doses of 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg p.o. were tested using three acute (acidified ethanol, piroxicam, and in-water-restrain stress), and one chronic (acetic acid) animal ulcer models. The probable mode of action of the HEVe was evaluated by analyzing gastric acid secretion, mucus content, nitric oxide effect, and its antioxidant properties (on catalase, myeloperoxidase, and GSH content) in experimental rodents. The direct extract's activity on the growth of Helicobacter pylori was also investigated. ResultsTotal phenolic content in the HEVe was of 146.20 ± 1.07 mg, being flavonoids about 50% (71.79 ± 0.70 mg) of it. Comparative HPLC fingerprint analysis revealed the presence of known phenolic antiulcer compounds, such as gallic acid, catechin, and rutin. Also, methanol/water fractionation and ESI-MSn analysis of the HEVe reveals the presence of quinic acid, 3,3′,4-trihydroxystilbene, juruenolid D, one catechin dimer, one C-glycosyl flavonoid, one polyketide and two neolignans as the major components of the extract. The HEVe attenuated gastric ulceration in all the different models of acute gastric ulcer, by enhancing gastroprotection through its antioxidant properties in vivo, and reducing also considerably the gastric secretion and total acidity. The HEVe also presented healing properties against the induced chronic ulceration process. On the other hand, the HEVe did not exhibit direct activity against H. pylori. ConclusionThe HEVe exhibited significant gastroprotective/antiulcer effects and contain a relative high proportion of phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, that could likely account, at least in part, for its pharmacological properties. The results justify its traditional usage and provided scientific evidence for its potential as a new herbal medicine to treat gastric ulcers.

Probiotic Yogurt Formulated with Nettle (Urtica Dioica) Extract, a Compound with Dual Functionalities: Bifidobacterium Growth Promoter and Helicobacter Pylori Growth Inhibitor

Probiotic Yogurt Formulated with Nettle (Urtica Dioica) Extract, a Compound with Dual Functionalities: Bifidobacterium Growth Promoter and Helicobacter Pylori Growth Inhibitor

Effects of Lactobacillus on the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth

This study was performed to screen Lactobacillus and evaluate its inhibiting effects on Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Lactobacillus was isolated from fermented food in northeastern China. After identification and physiological characterization, the identified Lactobacillus was used to interact with Hp. The aggregation ability of Lactobacillus and Hp was determined. Moreover, the inhibiting effects of Lactobacillus on Hp urease enzyme activity and antioxidant ability were assessed. The results showed that four Lactobacillus strains including Lactobacillus sake, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus brevis were isolated from fermented food in northeastern China. All four strains of Lactobacillus could inhibit Hp growth in different extent. The interaction with Hp was statistically analyzed with significant differences. The Lactobacillus isolated from fermented food in Northeast China, had an inhibitory effect on Hp growth. This study provided a foundation for development of probiotic preparations and exploring the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus on Hp.

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infected mice with Bryophyllum pinnatum, a medicinal plant with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, reduces bacterial load

Context: Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz (Crassulaceae) is a plant known for its antiulcer properties. Objective: This study evaluates the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnutum methanol extract with a mouse model and its antioxidant properties. Materials and methods: Dried leaves of Bryophyllum pinnutum were extracted with methanol and ethyl acetate. Broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the anti-Helicobacter activity of extract samples in vitro. Swiss mice were inoculated with a suspension of Helicobacter pylori and divided into control group and four others that received 125, 250, 500 mg/kg of methanol extract or ciprofloxacin (500 mg/kg), respectively, for 7 days. Helicobacter pylori colonization and bacterial load of mouse stomach was assessed on day 1 and 7 post-treatment. The antioxidant activity of Bryophyllum pinnutum was evaluated through DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and reducing power assay. Results: Methanol extract showed a significant anti-Helicobacter activity with MIC and MBC values of 32 and 256 μg/mL, respectively. Bryophyllum pinnatum and ciprofloxacin reduced H. pylori colonization of gastric tissue from 100% to 17%. Bryophyllum pinnatum extract (85.91 ± 52.91 CFU) and standard (25.74 ± 16.15 CFU) also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) bacterial load of gastric mucosa as compared to untreated infected mice (11883 ± 1831 CFU). DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and reducing power assays showed IC50 values of 25.31 ± 0.34, 55.94 ± 0.68 and 11.18 ± 0.74 μg/mL, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: The data suggest that the methanol extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum could inhibit Helicobacter pylori growth, and may also acts as an antioxidant to protect gastric mucosa against reactive oxygen species.

Effect of propolis in gastric disorders: inhibition studies on the growth of Helicobacter pylori and production of its urease

There is considerable interest in alternative approaches to inhibit Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and thus treat many stomach diseases. Propolis is a pharmaceutical mixture containing many natural bioactive substances. The aim of this study was to use propolis samples to treat H. pylori. The anti-H. pylori and anti-urease activities of 15 different ethanolic propolis extracts (EPEs) were tested. The total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of the EPE were also measured. The agar-well diffusion assay was carried out on H. pylori strain J99 and the inhibition zones were measured and compared with standards. All propolis extracts showed high inhibition of H. pylori J99, with inhibition diameters ranging from 31.0 to 47.0 mm. Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitory activity was measured using the phenol-hypochlorite assay; all EPEs showed significant inhibition against the enzyme, with inhibition concentrations (IC50; mg/mL) ranging from 0.260 to 1.525 mg/mL. The degree of inhibition was related to the phenolic content of the EPE. In conclusion, propolis extract was found to be a good inhibitor that can be used in H. pylori treatment to improve human health.

Inhibitory effects of fresh hops on Helicobacter pylori strains

Cermak P., Paleckova V., Houska M., Strohalm J., Novotna P., Mikyska A., Jurkova M., Sikorova M. (2015): Inhibitory effects of fresh hops on Helicobacter pylori strains. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 202–207. The goal of this work was to provide evidence for the inhibitory effects of fresh hops on the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Fresh hops were homogenised after harvest and the homogenate was treated using pascalisation (treatment with high pressure). This homogenate was used for testing the growth inhibitory effects on strains of H. pylori, a pathogenic microorganism, isolated from patients suffering from gastritis or gastric ulcers. The tests demonstrated reliable inhibitory effects and open the possibility of hops being used as a supplement to the treatment of H. pylori infections.

Oral Intake of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Suppresses the Growth of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastric Mucosa of Mongolian Gerbils by Increasing Gland Mucus

Oral Intake of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Suppresses the Growth of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastric Mucosa of Mongolian Gerbils by Increasing Gland Mucus

Cinnamomum osmophloeum extracts inhibit growth of Helicobacter pylori and postinfectious interleukin-8 expression in human gastric epithelial cells

Extracts from dry leaves ofCinnamomum osmophloeumconcentration-dependently inhibitHelicobacter pylorigrowth and postinfectious interleukin-8 expression in human gastric epithelium.

Inhibitory effect of piperine on Helicobacter pylori growth and adhesion to gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

BackgroundPiperine is a compound comprising 5-9% of black pepper (Piper nigrum), which has a variety of biological roles related to anticancer activities. Helicobacter pylori has been classified as a gastric carcinogen, because it causes gastritis and gastric cancer by injecting the virulent toxin CagA and translocating VacA. The present study investigated the inhibitory action of piperine on H. pylori growth and adhesion.MethodsInhibition of H. pylori growth was determined by the broth macrodilution method, and adhesion to gastric adenocarcinoma cells validated by urease assay. Motility test was performed by motility agar and the expression of adhesion gene and flagellar gene in response to the piperine treatment was assessed by RT-PCR and immunoblotting.ResultsAdministrated piperine suppressed the level of H. pylori adhesion to gastric adenocarcinoma cells in a dose dependent manner and the inhibition was statistically significant as determined by Student’s t-test. In addition, piperine treatment effects on the flagellar hook gene flgE and integral membrane component of the export apparatus gene flhA expression to be suppressed and piperine diminished the H. pylori motility.ConclusionsflhA, encodes an integral membrane component of the export apparatus, which is also one of the regulatory protein in the class 2 genes expression and flgE is one of them that encodes hook part of the flagella. Suppression of both genes, leads to less motility results in the organism attracted less towards to the gastric epithelial cells might be the possible reason in the adhesion inhibition. To our knowledge, this is the first report published on the inhibitory effects of piperine against the adhesion of H. pylori to gastric adenocarcinoma cells.