Heat Dissipation Ability Research Articles

Experimental study on the thermal management performance of immersion cooling for 18650 lithium-ion battery module

Direct liquid cooling technology stabilizes the battery module at the ideal operating temperature by leveraging the coolant's high heat capacity and its heat dissipation ability through circulation. This study introduced a forced-flow immersion cooling method employing transformer oil as the cooling medium for 18650 lithium-ion battery modules. The performance of this cooling system design was assessed under various discharge rates, coolant flow rates, and channel positions. Experimental data reveals that the average temperature of the oil-immersion-cooled battery module was around 26.3% lower than that of the naturally air-cooled battery module under a 2C discharge condition with zero flow rate. The cooling capacity of the oil-immersion system was limited, with theoretical analyses indicating an optimal flow rate of 200mL/min. Four unique cooling channel configurations was designed: side center inlet to center outlet, side upper inlet to lower outlet, front upper inlet to lower outlet, and front center inlet to center outlet. The peak temperatures of the battery module for these setups were 31.7 ℃, 31.0 ℃, 31.0 ℃, 31.0 ℃, and 31.6 ℃, respectively, with a temperature difference of about 2 ℃. Notably, the side upper inlet to lower outlet channel configuration displays superior cooling performance. These findings contribute to advancing more efficient cooling systems and offer valuable insights for optimizing direct liquid-cooled thermal management systems for lithium-ion batteries in the future.

Present Situation and Future Prospects of Motor Cooling System

Background: The motor cooling system is mainly used in aerospace, automotive, and marine fields, where the motor system is cooled to extend the service life and safety of the motor. The running power of motors rises too fast, which leads to the failure of heat dissipation as expected and shortens the service life of motors. Therefore, it is necessary to choose an appropriate cooling mode for motors to improve their cooling structure, reduce their temperature rise, and improve their reliability and service life. The internal motor cooling system can perform fixed-point heat dissipation, but the overall heat dissipation is poor. The external motor cooling system can perform overall heat dissipation but has high requirements on the structure. Over the years, the application and development of motor cooling systems have gained more and more attention. Objective: This paper discusses the structural characteristics, advantages, and development trends of the motor cooling system in order to reduce the temperature rise of the motor and improve its reliability and service life. This paper aims to provide an overview and systematic guidance for future designs of the motor cooling system. Methods: According to the structural characteristics of the motor cooling system and the requirements of the motor application field, the most typical internal cooling system and external cooling system in the motor cooling system are summarized. Results: By analyzing the causes and hazards of motor heating, the limited requirements of the motor system in use are summarized. The motor system is classified and compared based on the structure, heat dissipation principle, and use of the motor heat dissipation system. The characteristics of small volume and strong heat dissipation ability are also summarized. Based on the analysis of the internal and external cooling system, the problems of complex structure and poor cooling effect are summarized, and the future development trend and direction of the motor cooling system are discussed in detail. Conclusion: This paper divides the motor cooling system into an internal cooling system and an external cooling system according to the specifications and operating environment. This paper expounds on internal and external cooling systems' different principles, advantages, and disadvantages. This paper summarizes the cooling systems in recent years in order to facilitate their subsequent development and use. The main components of additional patents for future inventions are motor cooling systems, innovation in structure simplification, and cost performance optimization.

Improving thermal stability and reliability of power chips by sintering foam structure layer

In order to ensure the high-temperature reliability of device in high temperature service, a new sintered structure layer, nano-Ag paste filling graphene reinforced Ni foam, was designed to realize the chip packaging in this work. This layer had excellent reliability and high-temperature heat dissipation stability, which benefit from the higher proportion of low-angle grain boundaries, finer grains and excellent heat dissipation capacity of graphene. The foam structure had favorable stress release effect, which made the sintered layer had high service reliability. The excellent heat dissipation ability of graphene overcomes the inherent defect of slow heat dissipation of the device under high temperature environment.

Improvement of an ionic wind blower’s flow characteristic by auxiliary electrodes for thermal management of light-emitting diodes

Electronic device advancements in power, size reduction, and integration have resulted in increased heat flux and operating temperatures, negatively impacting the reliability of electronics. Ionic wind cooling is a new, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient thermal management approach that effectively cools high heat flux local heat sources. However, enhancing ionic wind strength continuously can be challenging. In this study, an ionic wind blower consisting of an emitting electrode, a collecting electrode, and auxiliary electrodes is constructed. The experimental verification confirms the supplemental acceleration capacity of the auxiliary electrodes. When determining the optimal operating voltage applied to the auxiliary electrodes, the power consumption of the system and the intensity of the output ionic wind are taken into consideration. Theblower’s operational and structural factors, such as the emitter structure, discharge gap, and distance between the auxiliary electrodes and collectors, are optimized according to how they affect the device’s functional qualities. The improved blower’s heat dissipation ability is evaluated by cooling an LED chip. The results demonstrate that the system performs optimally with an emitter having seven needles, a discharge gap of 5 mm, and 9 mm between the auxiliary electrodes and the collector. The wind speed reaches 2.47 m/s, while the power consumption is only 1.6 W. Compared to the absence of auxiliary electrodes (47.7 W/(m2∙K)), the system’s mean convective heat transfer coefficient can reach 61.12 W/(m2∙K), resulting in a temperature reduction of the LED chip by up to 41.6 °C. With increasing voltage, the heat transfer enhancement ratio improves, enabling a blower with auxiliary electrodes to provide significant cooling while consuming less power.

Thermal Analysis of Micro-Channel Internal Cooling in Cutting Tools: A Machine Learning Approach

The use of coolants for cutting process in metal cutting operations is customary. Turning causes high cutting heat in nickel base super alloy Inconel 718. Nonetheless, it should be acknowledged that although flooding techniques are commonly used in the machining of super alloys, these flood cooling methods have extremely poor efficiencies. Another alternative to increase the cooling capabilities of fluids would be an internal-cooling approach that would enable to lower machining temperatures significantly. The heat dissipation ability in the tool is also greatly influenced by the micro-channel diameter of tool which further causes a significant effect on the coolant outlet velocity. A design of an internal-cooling single point cutting tool with micro channel structures for enhanced coolant heat transfer capability and reduced machining temperature is used for turning Inconel 718 under dry, flooded cooling and internal cooling to study the effects of cooling conditions on cutting force, cutting temperature and surface quality. A regression model is built using the Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) methods in machine learning framework. These models were then used to forecast input parameters, such as channel diameter and inlet pressure, which made it easier to obtain output data, such as pressure and maximum velocities at different notches. Eighty percent of the data in the dataset is used to train the model and with the remaining twenty percent set aside for evaluating the model's functionality. When comparing internal-cooling technology to traditional flood cooling, there are clear benefits including increased heat transfer efficiency, which leads to lower cutting temperatures, less cutting force, and better surface quality. More specifically, in the internal-cooling configuration, a direct relationship is shown between rising coolant inlet pressure and falling cutting force and temperature over time. Further highlighting the advantages of this cooling strategy is the relationship between increased intake pressure and decreased surface roughness.

Optimization of Heat-Dissipation Structure of High-Power Diode Laser in Space Environments.

The high-power laser diode (HPLD) has witnessed increasing application in space, as the aerospace industry is developing rapidly. To cope with the space environment, optimizing the heat-dissipation structure and improving the heat-dissipation ability via heat conduction have become key to researching the thermal reliability of the HPLD in space environments. Based on a theoretical analysis of the HPLD, a simulation model of the HPLD was constructed for numerical simulation, and it was found that the maximum temperature and thermal resistance of lasers were efficaciously decreased by changing the packaging position of laser bars. The packaging position of the bars and the cutting angle of the microchannel heat sink (MCHS) were determined based on the light-emitting angle of the light-emitting unit and the internal structure of the MCHS. The internal structure of the MCHS was optimized through a single-factor experiment, an orthogonal experiment, and the combination of neural networks and genetic algorithms (GAs), using three key structural parameters, namely the MCHS ridge width, W1, the channel width, W2, and the channel length, L1. After optimization, the performance of the MCHS was obviously improved. Finally, an analysis was carried out on the applicability of the optimized MCHS to bars with a higher power.

Research on heat transfer and flow distribution of parallel-configured microchannel heat sinks for arrayed chip heat dissipation

The heat dissipation ability and compact structure of microchannel flow boiling show great promise for high-efficiency heat dissipation in the field of chip cooling. In arrayed chip cooling scenarios, multiple microchannel heat sinks are typically arranged in parallel. Random fluctuations in the heat load of each chip can lead to non-uniform flow distribution and even thermal failure of the chip. However, there are still limited studies on the non-uniform flow distribution in the parallel use of multiple microchannel heat sinks. This study presents an experimental and theoretical study on the boiling heat transfer and flow distribution characteristics of two heat sinks in parallel using HFE-7100. The steady-state test results indicated that the flow distribution characteristics in parallel-configured heat sinks were closely correlated with the flow pattern. In the single-phase region, flow distribution in both heat sinks was primarily influenced by the physical properties of the fluid. The effect of heat flux on non-uniform flow distribution was within 7 %. When one of the heat sinks entered the two-phase region, microchannel resistance characteristics changed significantly, leading to a dramatic increase in non-uniform flow distribution, up to 26.0 %. The critical heat flux (CHF) was triggered prematurely, with a decrease of up to 31.4 %. In dynamic characteristics testing, when both heat sinks were in the two-phase region simultaneously, the increase in heat flux led to greater non-uniformity in the flow distribution of the parallel-configured heat sinks compared to the single-phase region. Furthermore, considering the transition boundary of two-phase flow patterns in microchannels, a prediction model for flow distribution in parallel-configured microchannel heat sinks was proposed, demonstrating good predictive capability. The research provides a reference for the design and optimization of two-phase cooling systems for arrayed chip configurations.

Optimization study of a Z-type airflow cooling system of a lithium-ion battery pack

The present study aims to optimize the structural design of a Z-type flow lithium-ion battery pack with a forced air-cooling system known as BTMS (battery thermal management system). The main goal is to minimize Tmax (maximum temperature) and ΔTmax (maximum temperature difference) while ensuring an even airflow distribution within the battery module. The present study thoroughly investigates critical factors, such as the inlet air velocity, tapered inlet manifold, and the number of secondary outlets, to evaluate their impact on thermal performance and airflow uniformity within the battery module. Increasing the inlet air velocity from 3 to 4.5 m/s significantly improves the thermal cooling performance of the BTMS, resulting in a decrease of 4.57 °C (10.05%) in Tmax and 0.29 °C (9.79%) in ΔTmax compared to the original 3 m/s velocity. Further, the study assesses the significance of a tapered inlet manifold as a critical factor, revealing its substantial impact on cooling performance and temperature reductions in battery cells 3–9. It also facilitates a more uniform airflow distribution, decreasing the velocity difference between channel 9 and channel 1 from 3.32 to 2.50 m/s. Incorporating seven secondary outlets significantly improves the heat dissipation ability of the BTMS, resulting in a decrease of 0.894 °C (2.18%) in Tmax and 2.23 °C (72.84%) in ΔTmax compared to the configuration with 0 secondary outlets. By optimizing these parameters, the aim is to enhance BTMS's capabilities, improving LIB (lithium-ion battery) packs' performance and reliability. The optimized structural design parameters proposed in this study yield practical applications that extend beyond theoretical insights, impacting diverse fields reliant on lithium-ion battery technology. Through enhanced thermal management systems, applications in electric vehicles and portable electronics are poised to experience improved performance and longevity. Furthermore, these advancements inform the development of next-generation battery packs, promising reduced overheating risks and extended battery life. Such innovations are critical in energy storage systems for renewable energy applications and electric vehicle technology, facilitating faster charging times and increased driving range. Moreover, the implications extend to aerospace applications, ensuring the reliability of batteries in extreme environmental conditions.

A Comparative Study on Coupled Fluid–Thermal Field of a Large Nuclear Turbine Generator with Radial and Composited Radial–Axial–Radial Ventilation Systems

With the continuous growth of energy demand, the advantages of nuclear power, such as high energy density, low emissions, and cleanliness, are gradually highlighted. However, the increasing capacity of the turbine generator in nuclear power plants has led to greater losses and critical heating issues. Designing an effective cooling system plays an important role in improving the rotor’s heat dissipation ability, especially under the condition of limited rotor space. In this study, the cooling effects of the rotor using a radial straight-type cooling structure and a composited radial–axial–radial cooling structure are compared and analyzed for a 1555 MVA hydrogen-cooled nuclear turbine generator. Three-dimensional fluid thermal coupled models of the rotor with both cooling structures are established, and corresponding boundary conditions are provided. The models are solved using the finite volume method. The flow law of cooling hydrogen gas inside the rotor and the temperature distribution of various parts of the rotor are studied in detail. Compared with the radial straight-type cooling structure, adopting the composited radial–axial–radial cooling structure can reduce the average temperature of the rotor field windings by 4.5 °C. The research results provide a reference for the design and optimization of the rotor cooling system for large-capacity nuclear turbine generators.

Construction of thermally conductive and insulating fibers of BN nanosheet/aramid nanofiber composites with high-temperature resistance via sol-gel wet spinning

With the intensification of global warming and the occurrence of extremely hot weather, there is an urgent need for textiles that can effectively regulate temperature. Using amino-functionalized boron nitride nanosheets (K-BNNSs) and aramid nanofibers (ANFs) as materials, the well-oriented thermally conductive insulating textile fibers with “lotus root” structure were directly prepared by sol–gel wet spinning process. The axial thermal conductivity of a single fiber can be as high as 22.4 W/(m·K), and has an excellent tensile fracture strength (176.6 MPa). Thermal infrared imaging revealed that the fibers woven into textiles had a more significant heat dissipation capacity than commercial cotton fabrics. The fiber obtained by this low-cost preparation method provides a cooling textile with excellent heat-dissipation ability and has wide application prospects in emerging textiles.

Highly conductive carbon nanotubes-boron nitride-thermoplastic polyurethane composite thin films with ultra broadband and efficient electromagnetic interference shielding up to 110 GHz and heat dissipation abilities

The miniaturization and integration of electronic devices have led to an increased accumulation of heat, which can disrupt normal functioning. Their functionalities are also severely affected when they are exposed to the abundant electromagnetic interference (EMI) resulting from the rapid development of fifth-generation telecommunication technology extended to mmWaves and sixth-generation telecommunication frequencies up to 110 GHz. Therefore, it is urgent to develop composite materials with excellent EMI shielding effectiveness and heat dissipation abilities. Herein, we have fabricated an all-in-one thin film composite using carbon nanotubes (CNT), boron nitride (BN), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) through a layer-by-layer casting method to create a composite supported by hydrogen bonding with impressive EMI shielding and heat dissipation properties. The high electrical conductivity of the CNT-BN-TPU composite resulted in the highest EMI shielding effectiveness, ranging from 90.66 dB in Ka-band to 79.8 dB in W-band, at a thickness of 100 μm, with absorption efficiency of 83.07 % at 34 GHz and 80.85 % at 100 GHz, respectively. The composite demonstrated excellent heat dissipation, thanks to its outstanding out-of-plane thermal conductivity, which reached 1.971 W/mK. We believe that our proposed method for producing an all-in-one composite thin film with excellent EMI shielding and thermal management capabilities could be a useful approach for the next generation of smart electronic devices.

Review of Operation Performance and Application Status of Pulsating Heat Pipe

Due to the rapid development of science and technology in today’s era, electronic equipment is constantly upgrading. Today, the developmental trend of electronic equipment is miniaturization, portability and multi-functionality. However, multi-functionality often means multi-components, so it is undoubtedly a great test of heat dissipation ability to accommodate more components in a smaller volume. Without sufficient heat dissipation capacity, a large number of components will stop working or even be damaged because of the heat generated during operation. As a new passive cooling and heat exchange technology, pulsating heat pipes have many advantages, such as having no external energy input, a simple structure, changeable installation forms and low installation requirements. They have shown great potential in the field of thermal management, and have attracted a lot of scholars’ attention since they were put forward. Because of their operational stability and heat exchange ability in high heat flux environments, they are the best choice for cooling electronic equipment at present. If they can be fully studied and utilized, pulsating heat pipes can not only reduce the consumption of heat dissipation resources but also reuse heat energy to realize the sustainable utilization of resources. This paper briefly introduces the demand background and structural principle of pulsating heat pipes, and summarizes the research on the parameters of pulsating heat pipes and the application status of pulsating heat pipes. The parameters involve working fluid type, pipe diameter, elbow number, liquid filling rate, inclination angle, etc. After classifying the parameters that affect the operation results of pulsating heat pipes, this paper summarizes the research at this stage, and points out the lack of research fields, such as heat flux density, and new application fields of unconventional gravity environment by combining the literature content with the current scientific and technological development trends and experimental parameters, such as thermodynamics.

Fabrication of boron nitride reinforced carboxymethyl modified lignin-based re-crosslinkable hydrogel with excellent heat dissipation ability

In this work, a series of re-crosslinkable hydrogels comprising carboxymethylated lignin, PVA and 3-aminophenylboronic acid (3-ABA) was successfully synthesized. Incorporation of polydopamine (PDA) coated boron nitride (PDA@BN) endowed the hydrogel with significantly improved heat dissipation ability, mechanical strength and swelling resistance. The hydrogel containing 20 % of PDA@BN, namely Gel-20 %BN displayed an initial degradation temperature of 131 ℃ and a high thermal conductivity of 3.74 W/m·K, surpassing a plethora of different biobased hydrogels. Gel-20 %BN maintained stable morphology even under continuous heating at 200 ℃ for 15 min and exhibited low surface temperatures without undergoing melting or decomposition, thus demonstrating remarkable heat dissipation capability. The re-crosslinked hydrogel, referred to as Re.Gel-20 %BN, retained similar performance to Gel-20 %BN, maintaining excellent heat dissipation characteristics and stability at 130 ℃ over an extended period. Further investigation is warranted to explore degradation or recovery methods of this hydrogel in reservoir conditions, aiming to minimize the environmental impact of petroleum extraction and contribute to a greener and more sustainable oil production process.

Thermal relations in sled dogs before and after exercise.

Regulation of internal body temperature (Tb), or thermoregulation, is an evolutionarily conserved trait that places demand on basal metabolic rate of endothermic animals. Across species, athletes generate increased quantities of heat in comparison to their nonathletic counterparts and, therefore, must mediate physiological unbalance by upregulating the effectiveness of their heat dissipation abilities. Canine athletes are no exception to this phenomenon, however, with literature denoting body temperatures lower than nonathletic canines, it is clear they must possess adaptations to mitigate this demand. With VO2 max measurements of more than 200 mL/kg/min in sled dogs with mild training to 300 mL/kg/min in highly trained animals, sled dogs are a prime example of athleticism in canines. Seeking to determine correlations between Tear and body mass, morphology, and age of canine athletes, core body temperature (Tb) was measured with an instant ear thermometer, using Tear as a correlate before and after a 2-mile run. In addition, we employed thermal imaging analysis to capture body-wide heat dissipation patterns in sled dogs, and focused on thermal variation of mouth (Tmouth), nose (Tnose), and eyes (Teye). Furthermore, we looked at correlations between thermal variability across these four tissues and head morphology of each dog. Tear was consistently the highest temperature across all tissues measured, with a 1.5°C increase between pre- to postexercise (p < 0.001). Thermal imaging revealed significant positive correlations between Tmouth and body mass 15 min postexercise (p = 0.0023) as well as significantly negative correlations between Tnose and body mass at before exercise (p = 0.0468), Teye and nose length after run (p = 0.0076), and Tmouth and nose length after run (p = 0.0110). As body temperature rises during exercise, it becomes increasingly important to regulate blood flow throughout the body to supply working tissues with oxygen. This demand is offset by the role of the snout in evaporative cooling through panting, functioning as a prime location for heat dissipation and therefore maintaining significant relationships with many other vascularized tissues.

A novel temperature calculation method of canned permanent magnet synchronous motor for vacuum pump

Accurate temperature prediction is vital for the canned permanent magnet synchronous motor (CPMSM) used in the vacuum pump, as it experiences severe heating. In this paper, a novel motor temperature calculation method is proposed, which takes into account the temperature impact on the heat transfer capacity. In contrast to existing electromagnetic-thermal coupled calculation methods, which solely address the temperature effect on the motor electromagnetic field, the proposed method comprehensively considers its impact on motor losses, permanent magnet magnetic properties, thermal conductivity, and heat dissipation ability of motor components, resulting in a motor temperature simulation that closely resembles the actual physical process. To verify the reliability of the proposed temperature calculation method, a 1.5 kW CPMSM was chosen as the research subject. The method was used to analyze the temperature distribution characteristics of the motor and assess the impact of ambient temperature on motor temperature rise. Furthermore, a prototype was fabricated, and an experimental platform was established to test the motor temperature. The results demonstrate good agreement between the calculated results obtained using the proposed method and the experimental data. This research not only provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing the design of the CPMSM but also provides valuable insights into its operational safety and reliability.

28.02 W LD side-pumped CW laser operated at 2.8 µm in YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG crystal.

We demonstrated a 978 nm laser diode (LD) side-pumped YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG composite crystal with a size of Ф 3 mm × 65 mm and continuous-wave (CW) mode. By optimizing resonator length and output mirror transmittance, a maximum output power of 28.02W is generated, corresponding to slope efficiency of 17.55% and optical-optical efficiency of 12.29%, respectively. The thermal focal lengths are obtained by resonator stability condition. The laser wavelength is centered near 2.8 µm. Moreover, the beam quality factors M x2/M y2 are fitted to be 8.14 and 7.35, respectively. The above results indicate that a high-performance 2.8µm CW laser can be achieved by LD side-pumped YSGG/Er:YSGG/YSGG composite crystal with excellent heat dissipation ability, which promotes effectively the development and applications of the mid-infrared solid-state lasers.

The influence of external conditions on the physical characteristics of Press-Pack IGBTs

In order to solve the problem of unclear factors affecting the physical characteristics of Press-Pack IGBT devices, this paper explores the influence characteristics of the two main external conditions of fixture pressure and heat dissipation capacity on the physical parameters of Press-Pack IGBTs by building IGBT models with different chip structure layout considering various physical characteristics of materials. The results show that the effect of fixture pressure on the stress characteristics of the device is more obvious than the heat dissipation ability of the device, and the water-cooling heat flux has more influence on the electrical-thermal characteristics of the device. The research results provide a reference for the external conditions and structure selection of Press-Pack IGBTs.

Ultra-thin vapour chamber based heat dissipation technology for lithium-ion battery

A powerful thermal management scheme is the key to realizing the extremely fast charging of battery electric vehicles. In this scheme, a water-cooled plate is set at the bottom of the battery modules, which has a remarkable heat dissipation ability but increases the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery. This temperature difference problem is more obvious during the high-rate charge/discharge process; in particular, in the area of battery tabs, which are usually located far from the cooling plate, heat accumulates, risking thermal runaway. To address this problem, a thermal management method based on an ultrathin vapour chamber (UTVC) is proposed in this paper to improve temperature uniformity and reduce the highest temperature of batteries. According to the number of applied UTVCs, a unilateral UTVC (U-UTVC) and a bilateral UTVC (B-UTVC) cooling approach were presented, the effectiveness of which was verified by a set of thermal performance experiments. The test data show that the temperature differences in the batteries under the U-UTVC and B-UTVC schemes are 39.77% and 73.54% lower than those under the traditional method at a 25 °C ambient temperature and a 1.39C charge rate, respectively. The temperature difference on the battery surface with the B-UTVC scheme is approximately 3 °C at 25 °C and 40 °C ambient temperature.

Experimental investigation on battery thermal management strategy applying water retention material

The thermal issue of the quantities of electronics especially batteries during practical application has always been a big concern. To better satisfy their heat dissipation demands in engineering application, a novel half-passive strategy applying water retention material was proposed in this research. The thermal management assembly containing silica pad, copper foam and water-diatomite mixture is attached on the surface of the constant heating source. Primarily, the effectiveness of the assembly was validated through comparative experiments, which turned out to lengthen the effective time by 125.6 %. Then, the effects of both internal and external control parameters including ambient environment, heating power, properties of the water-diatomite mixture, PPI (pores per linear inch) of the copper foam and mesh number of the diatomite were discussed on the heat dissipation ability evaluated by the maximum temperature (Tmax) and effective time (t). At last, the cooling performance with different intermittent spray mode of the assembly during longtime operation was investigated. Results showed that when heated with 11.0 W, the spray began at 45 °C and the intervals were set as 5 min, 7.5 min, 10 min with the water content in each spray of 3.0 g, 4.0 g, 5.0 g respectively were the most reasonable schemes, and the CF-D (copper foam-diatomite) assembly managed to control the maximum temperature around 46.0 °C. This novel design provides a practical reference for the further optimization on the battery thermal management system, which focused more on the cooling efficiency and control flexibility.

Water Based Mn-Zn Magnetic Fluid Heat Dissipation Capacity Testing Platform

Manganese zinc magnetic fluid is a temperature sensitive magnetic fluid that can regulate its flow behavior using temperature and magnetic fields. However, there is currently no testing platform for evaluating the heat dissipation ability of this magnetic fluid working fluid by coupling temperature and magnetic fields. This article establishes two experimental testing platforms for applying magnetic fields, namely a circulating pipeline and a temperature equalization plate. Compared with deionized water, evaluate the average temperature and heat dissipation ability of water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid. The test results show that the heat dissipation start time of the manganese zinc magnetic fluid loop pipe is better than that of deionized water. Under the action of magnetic field (500Gs), the average temperature of the circulating pipeline decreases by 7.2% (heat source power 15W); Under the action of a magnetic field (3000Gs), the thermal resistance of the homogenizing plate (filled with 48% water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid) decreases by about 16.7% (heat source power 140W). The water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid working fluid exhibits better heat transfer performance than the deionized water working fluid under high heat source power. The experimental results prove that the designed water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid working fluid heat dissipation capacity testing platform has reliable experimental quantification results.