Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Science Center, Poland. In Poland, more than 1.5 million people suffer from chronic heart failure (HF), and the rate of hospitalization for HF is one of the highest in Europe The risk of hospitalization of patients with HF is related not only to lifestyle, but also to environmental, economic, social factors and the organization of the health care system. The main purpose of the research is an assessment the impact of environmental and socioeconomic factors on hospitalized heart failure prevalence. We analyzed age- and gender-standardized data on the frequency of hospitalizations due to CHF in Poland in 2012-2019. In addition, using data from the National Institute of Public Health, the Central Statistical Office and Provincial Environmental Inspectorates, as well as panel data regression techniques, the impact of environmental and socioeconomic factors on HF in Poland in 2012-2019 was estimated. During the period analyzed, there were 1,618,734 hospitalizations due to CHF (51.3% male; 82.6% over 65 years of age). An increase in the number of physicians by 10/10000 population resulted in a 3% decrease in hospitalizations due to CHF (β=-0.029; 95%Cl -0.004 - -0.013; P=0.001). In addition, the development of a network of outpatient health care facilities resulted in a 0.3% decrease in hospitalizations for each newly established unit per 1,000 residents (β=-0.031; 95%Cl -0.048 - -0.014; P=0.000). The main environmental factors reducing hospitalized prevalence due to CHF were the proportion of green areas in the analyzed environment (2.7% decrease for a percentage point increase in the proportion of green areas; β=-0.027; 95%Cl -0.053 - -0.001; P=0.047) and pollution levels (a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the province resulted in a county-wide increase in hospitalizations of 7.5% [β=0.075, 95%CI 0.013-0.137, P=0.017] and 6% [β=0.060; 95%CI 0.012 -0.108, P=0.015]). The opposite relationship was observed for the number of cars; an increase of 100 cars per 1,000 residents was associated with a 6% increase in hospitalizations due to CHF (β=0.064; 95%Cl (0.008 - 0.121; P=0.026). An injection of PLN 100 per capita per year into the health sector by local governments results in a 3.5% decrease in hospitalizations (β=-0.003; 95%Cl (-0.006 - -0.001; P=0.002). Also, the situation in local labor markets translates into hospitalizations due to CHF - a 1 pp increase in the unemployment rate results in an average one percent increase in HF. The number of hospitalizations for heart failure has been increasing in the last decade and this trend is most noticeable in regions with low levels of socioeconomic development and poor medical facilities. Health policy measures using environmental and socioeconomic instruments can result in no less positive health effects than the use of health care tools alone.