Hearing Your Research Articles

Hearing your voice in the crowd: How do bats echolocate in dense swarms?

In order to navigate their environment and find food, bats rely on comparing returning echoes to their broadcast signal. Through decades of research, we have a good understanding of how single bats accomplish this task, but we still don’t know how bats in dense groups can echolocate without interference from others. A spectral Jamming Avoidance Response (JAR) has long been proposed as one strategy, in which bats flying together shift frequencies to avoid interference. Recent work, however, questions this strategy, and suggests bats may not use any JAR for sensing in groups. Bats have long served as bioinspiration for active sensing devices, so understanding strategies for collective sensing in bats has implications for applications of synthetic sonar. In this talk, I will review the “hot topic” of bat biosonar in swarms and show new data from our research that suggests spectro-temporal variation may play a role for sensing in even the largest, densest bat swarms.

In Case You Haven't Heard…

A new study suggests that eating pasta makes you happier. The Behavior & Brain Lab at the Free University of Languages and Communication (IULM) in Milan conducted a study to determine whether eating pasta could improve one's mood, New Jersey Digest reported on Jan. 26. Not only were their results positive, but researchers even concluded that eating a bowl of your favorite pasta produces similarly positive emotions to hearing your favorite song. According to Food & Wine, IULM recruited 40 participants ages 25 to 55. Researchers then measured their physical and neurological changes as they ate bowls of pasta — specifically, their favorite types. Comparatively, IULM also measured the neurological and physical changes that occurred while listening to their favorite music or watching their favorite sports teams. The researchers found that eating pasta causes a positive emotional‐cognitive state with the same results (if not higher) than those recorded while listening to music and watching sports. Similarly, pasta outperformed on the positive emotions front. Studying each participant's facial expressions, pasta produced the best results.

Psychotic-like experiences: What are they and why are they important?

Psychotic-like experiences: What are they and why are they important? Dr Lorna Staines and Professor Mary Cannon of RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, explore psychotic-like experiences, explaining what they are and why they are important. It is widely thought that hallucinations and delusions occur only in the context of a psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia. Although this viewpoint is common, it is not accurate. Many people will have a hallucination or delusion throughout their lifetime even though they do not have a psychotic disorder. In most cases, they will happen for only a brief period before fading and only occur once. Examples of such experiences might be hearing your name being called when alone in a house (auditory hallucination) or having an intensely strong feeling that someone on the street or in your neighbourhood may be trying to harm you, despite not having a reason to believe this (paranoid delusion). These are called “psychotic-like experiences” or “PLE”.

My Darling Hyeonhi, I am not Ashamed of Hearing your Words! (Tcheonzamun 769th-784th)

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that ‘The thousand character essay’ was utilized as a textbook for the ancient Chinese children for their learning of Chinese characters. The thousand character essay is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). The object of this work is “What is the main theme of total Tcheonzamun?”. The range of this work is for the poem of (Tcheonzamun 769th-784th). There are two methods of translation of Tcheonzamun poem. The first translation is done through Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021b). And the second translation is carried out through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021a). The title of this work is ‘My Darling Hyeonhi, I am not ashamed of hearing your words! (Tcheonzamun 769th-784th)’. The theme of this research is as follows. (781-784 凌(Neung) 摩(Ma) 絳(Gang) 霄(So). 781-784 凌(Neung)-冫-夂-冫=土 摩(Ma) 絳(Gang)-夂-小-五=幺 霄(So)-冫-小-五=月). My husband! Being in the heaven as if you were a bird, do you want again to touch (摩) the soil (土)? This state is really great in the world! In order to become such a splendid man. On the contrary your attitude (月) must be modest (幺) to the Lord! My husband! I want that you are kind to me also…

Auraldiversity: Do You Hear Differently?

This article explores the sense that opens us to the world of sound: hearing. Textbooks often repeat the same numbers and figures on the sensitivity of human hearing, as if we all share the same set of symmetrical mechanical ears. Here, you will discover hearing as we experience it day-to-day: the different kinds and qualities of hearing you, your friends, and your family may have experienced, and how hearing may change as we grow older. We call this real-life approach to understanding hearing auraldiversity. This article will tell you about some important kinds of hearing differences such as hyperacusis, misophonia, and tinnitus, and it will explain the brief changes in hearing sensitivity that sometimes occur, such as after sudden loud sounds. Hearing can open us up to the world in a very powerful way, but we must remember that it is a vulnerable sense that needs protecting from too much loud sound.

Literary Seoul

Literary Seoul Anton Hur (bio) and Krys Lee (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution Click for larger view View full resolution We asked writers and translators two questions: What is the book, available in English, that best evokes Seoul? What is a favorite Seoul bookstore? Here are their answers. A Shimmering Summer Haze by Anton Hur I'M SOMETIMES ASKED if I ever encounter harassment in Seoul for holding my husband's hand in public. "It's Seoul," I explain, "no one cares about anyone." Violets (2022), by Kyung-Sook Shin, describes exactly that kind of Seoul where no one cares about anyone, and when they do, it's either miraculous or fatal. The "action"—for lack of a better word in this mostly atmospheric novel—takes place in a Seoul that's made of concrete and bathed in hot summer light, where pedestrians walk in crowds but at the same time are completely isolated from one another, whether they're on the streets of Jongno, the little parks in Gangbuk, or the grandness of Gwanghwamun Plaza where the protagonist, San, works at a flower shop, communing with the only living things that respond to her care: the plants and flowers she sells. To me, Seoul in the summer is a haze of white-gray concrete, lush greens, and the dazzling, eye-piercing shimmer of the Han River. Never has a novel captured the city as accurately as Violets, evoking in its very title the beauty and fragility of the lives lived in that city, and the violence that lies beneath. A City of Readers by Krys Lee I HEAR YOUR VOICE (2017), by Young-ha Kim, captures the landscape of a Seoul little known even to Koreans. In the novel, motorcycle groups of runaway and homeless teenagers roam the city on their bikes, which is their only claim to Seoul. It's a dark portrait of the city's unheard, disenfranchised, and most vulnerable of populations (see WLT, Nov. 2017, 83). My favorite bookstore in Seoul is Onul Books (책방오늘), a surprising gem in the middle of the Gangnam district. Entering the bookstore is like entering a new book itself: it immediately surrounds you with smells of paper and wood. The cozy store is the quintessential neighborhood bookstore with an impeccable curation of books from around the world. The back, where book events are held, is intimate and inviting, with a curve of chairs surrounding a large wooden table. The community of readers literally completes the circle. [End Page 25] Anton Hur Anton Hur is the translator of Violets, by Kyung-Sook Shin; of the 2022 International Booker Prize shortlisted Cursed Bunny, by Bora Chung, and of the longlisted Love in the Big City, by Sang Young Park; and contributor to Violent Phenomena: 21 Essays on Translation (ed. Kavita Bhanot & Jeremy Tiang; see WLT, July 2022, 6). Krys Lee Krys Lee is the author of the story collection Drifting House and the novel How I Became a North Korean and the translator of I Hear Your Voice and Diary of a Murderer, by Young-ha Kim. She has won the Rome Prize in Literature, the Story Prize Spotlight Award, and the Honor Title in Adult Fiction Literature from the Asian/Pacific American Libraries Association. Lee teaches creative writing at Underwood International College in Seoul. Copyright © 2022 World Literature Today and the Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma

A blueprint for a new model of sexual and reproductive health care in subspecialty medicine.

A blueprint for a new model of sexual and reproductive health care in subspecialty medicine.

Collaboration Key to Meeting Demand for Mental Health Services

Collaboration Key to Meeting Demand for Mental Health Services

Hearing Your Feedback Loud and Clear: Students’ Voices of Audio Feedback in Virtual Writing Class

There are many growing types of research about technology-supported feedback in English language teaching. Meanwhile, the study investigating audio feedback in virtual writing class during emergency remote teaching is still underexplored. In order to fill the gap, this research aims at investigating students’ perceptions towards audio feedback in virtual writing class. It employs a qualitative research design. Six students were voluntarily interviewed in this study. Furthermore, their writing was also observed. The findings of this study revealed that students view audio feedback positively. They admit that audio feedback is clear, personal, and detailed. Furthermore, students can feel the teaching presence because of the audio feedback. The further implications are discussed in this paper.

Lynn L. Beckwith, EdD: 8th District

Lynn L. Beckwith, EdD:8th District Judson L. Jeffries Dr. Lynn L. Beckwith is one of the 8th district's most distinguished and accomplished members. He is a sought-after consultant and keynote speaker, having delivered addresses at venues ranging from Martin Luther King Jr. celebrations to symposia about urban education and Black males to high school graduations and university commencements. Well respected in the city of St. Louis and throughout the 8th district, comprising Missouri, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, and North and South Dakota, Dr. Beckwith's imprint on the district, specifically, and fraternity, generally, is indelible. He is the 8th district's oldest living former District Representative. His commitment to the Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., has been lifelong. His exposure to the fraternity came early, as he found himself surrounded by men of Omega even if he did not realize that the men who were impacting his life at the time were men of this illustrious fraternity, such as Brother John Henry Purnell, principal of the Cote Brilliante Elementary School where Dr. Beckwith was a student, and Brother George Brantley, principal of Sumner High School, the oldest Black high school west of the Mississippi, from which Dr. Beckwith graduated.1 Dr. Beckwith is highly valued for his expertise, having served on the Board of Directors for the St. Louis Public Schools Foundation, the chairman of the United Negro College Fund for St. Louis Public Schools, a member of the executive committee of the United Way of Metro St. Louis, the education committee for the St. Louis Urban League, and the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra Outreach Committee, to name a few. Below, readers will find material derived from several conversations with Dr. Beckwith that spread over several days in July 2021. Judson L. Jeffries: Good Evening Brother Beckwith, I trust this summer is treating you well. Lynn L. Beckwith: Yes, I'm doing very well, thank you. [End Page 337] JLJ: Over the past several weeks, I have spoken to a number of Brothers who either lived in the 8th district at one time or live there currently and all of them mentioned your name when I inquired about a Brother of impeccable credentials and whose life story was full of interesting nuggets of wisdom and lessons. After conversing with four or five brothers, your name kept popping up. After about a couple weeks of hearing your name ring out, I knew I had my man. I was just hoping you had the time and the interest. LLB: Well, thank you. I'm honored to be spoken of so highly by the Brothers, I'm glad that you chose me. JLJ: Let's start with the early years. Where did you grow up? LLB: St. Louis, Missouri. JLJ: Name one or two things you were into as a youngster. LLB: Well, I was a Boy Scout at King's Way Baptist Church. JLJ: How long were you a Boy Scout Brother Beckwith? LLB: Approximately three years. JLJ: Talk a little bit about your family. LLB: I grew up with both parents, four sisters, and no brothers. JLJ: Were you the first in your family to attend college? LLB: No, but I am first generation—however my oldest sister was the first among us to attend college, she went to Lincoln in Jefferson, Missouri. I'm proud to say that all of my siblings are college graduates, two of which hold doctorates. And get this, three of the four went Greek—two AKAs and one Delta. JLJ: Other than you, who else went on to earn a doctorate? LLB: My second oldest sister earned a medical degree—a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine. JLJ: Man o' man, Brother Beckwith, that's quite an achievement for one household. Your parents must have been really proud. LLB: Oh, they were. JLJ: Tell me something about your parents, please, Brother Beckwith. LLB: I grew up with both my parents, my mother was a homemaker, and my father was a postal worker. He also worked part-time on the campus of Washington University, St. Louis. Neither of them went to college. JLJ: Now, neither was a college graduate, but I bet they...

U.S. Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation Funders' Briefing Program, January 19, 2021.

U.S. Truth, Racial Healing, and Transformation Funders' Briefing Program, January 19, 2021.

CLIMATE EMERGENCY: THE CHALLENGES OF FEELING, BEING, THINKING AND LIVING TOGETHER ON THIS TRAVEL ON PLANET EARTH/ EMERGÊNCIA CLIMÁTICA: OS DESAFIOS DE SENTIR, ESTAR, PENSAR E VIVER JUNTOS NESTE PERCURSO NO PLANETA TERRA - EDITORIAL

Reflecting on Our Time“Stop to think about, stop to look around, stop to listen to the other, think carefully, look carefully, and listen carefully; stop to feel the other, feel carefully; dwelling on details, stop hearing your opinion, stop judging, stop your willing, stop with automatic actions, because you need to improve attention and tenderness, open your eyes and ears, talk about what happens to us, learn with no hurry, listen to the others, cultivate the art of getting together, be very quiet, be patient and give yourself some time and space (Jorge LARROSA, 2002, p.24. Our tradution).

I Hear Your Voice, Young-Ha Kim (2017) (trans. Krys Lee)

Review of: I Hear Your Voice, Young-Ha Kim (2017) (trans. Krys Lee) New York: Mariner Books, 272 pp., ISBN 978-0-544-32447-3, p/bk, $13.99

Mama! I hear your silence: Grief and COVID-19 on the Global North and South disparity

In this conversation with Mama, I use my mother’s voice as a reflexive mirror to explore the social work silences that the COVID-19 pandemic expresses so eloquently in my own life and work. I seek to highlight the intimate link between Mama’s silence and social work silence.

A Short Note on Women Heart Related Care During Pregnancy Time

Heart rate generally increases during pregnancy, as the body works to pump blood to the parts of organs and placenta. Though there are many words to express the moment that you first hear your baby's heartbeat, most people utilize words like galloping to tells how the heart rate sounds. While the heart rate in pregnancy is faster than an adult's heart rate, the accuracy is that a common foetal heart rate changes during the stages of pregnancy and throughout the day. At about five weeks gestation, baby's heart starts to beat. At this point, a general foetal heart rate is about the same as the mother's: 70-75 beats per minute including the bpm. From this point, it will increase its rate of about three beats per minute per day throughout that first month. This is so exact that your doctor or midwife can utilize heart rate to help pinpoint the gestational age of baby via ultrasound radiation.

Newborn Hearing Screening and Your Baby

Newborn Hearing Screening and Your Baby

Editors' Note

Much has happened since our inaugural issue was published last February. Our second issue is coming out in the midst of the COVID-19 global pandemic and widespread protests against racism and police violence. As proven before in times of crisis, Wilder's words and humanistic/philosophical vision continue to inspire and give hope. In the midst of the Great Depression, Wilder's novel Heaven's My Destination (1935) used comedy to entertain its American readers as it prompted them to deeper self-reflection; his two full-length plays, Our Town (1938) and The Skin of Our Teeth (1942), offered their audiences respectively profound appreciation of the smallest moments and an unwavering faith in our ability to survive World War II. During another crisis, at the memorial service for victims of the 9/11 attacks, the British Prime Minister Tony Blair quoted Wilder's visionary lines ending his Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1927): “There is a land of the living and a land of the dead and the bridge is love, the only survival, the only meaning.”As we remain sheltered-in-place due to the pandemic, access to Wilder's works has become easier. In May the Wilder Family and HarperCollins's legendary audio imprint Caedmon released five out of eight of Wilder's novels as digital audiobooks. Now you can listen to The Bridge of San Luis Rey, The Cabala, Heaven's My Destination, The Ides of March, and The Woman of Andros, the latter four being available in audio for the first time. Later this year Caedmon will publish the remaining two novels, The Eighth Day and Theophilus North, as audiobooks. To keep Wilder's theater audiences engaged when unable to attend actual productions, Thornton Wilder Society board member Shoshana Greenberg has organized two Zoom play readings of The Skin of Our Teeth (May) and The Matchmaker (July). And in this issue of Thornton Wilder Journal, we are bringing you a selection of new Wilder criticism. The articles range from Nancy Bunge's analysis of how Friedrich Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy explains the lasting popularity of Wilder's classic Our Town, to Ann Caldwell's theorizing about the prominence of the American Southwest as Wilder's “creative and spiritual home,” to Jamall A. Calloway's interdisciplinary probing of the relevance Social Gospel ethics may have to Our Town, to Ashley Raven's discussion of how to teach Our Town through a dramaturgical lens, and Wesley Longacre's summary of Wilder scholarship since 2016. For those who long for the reopening of theaters, we include five reviews of notable 2019 productions of Our Town, The Skin of Our Teeth, and a rare staging of The Seven Deadly Sins, a collection of Wilder's late one-acts, that took place at Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts.Besides the mixture of critical essays and significant production reviews, in this issue we introduce three kinds of material we hope to feature going forward: essays on teaching (Raven), biographical essays (Caldwell), and an annual review of Wilder scholarship and criticism (Longacre). We also draw your attention in Caldwell's essay to references to hard-to-locate articles and an interview with Wilder that was previously unknown. In future issues we plan to include previously unpublished Wilder letters and other primary documents as well as obscure secondary materials.Although many will remember 2020 for the global pandemic and social unrest, in the annals of Wilder Studies, in truly Wilderian style, this year will mark significant accomplishments and contributions to the continuing vitality of Wilder's artistic legacy in the twenty-first century. We congratulate Tappan Wilder on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his becoming Wilder's literary executor. It has also been twenty years since the founding of the Thornton Wilder Society, and this issue completes the first year of the Thornton Wilder Journal. We hope you will help us celebrate these important milestones by reading and contributing to our journal and joining the Society. We look forward to hearing your voices, reading your submissions, and continuing the conversation on all things Wilder.

"Cooling of the mind": Assessing the relevance of mindfulness training among people living with HIV using alcohol and other substances in South Africa.

"Thinking too much" is a cultural idiom of distress identified across sub-Saharan Africa, including among people living with HIV (PLWH), which is associated with depression, substance use, and HIV medication nonadherence. Despite the relevance of mindfulness training to address thinking too much, improve HIV-related outcomes, and reduce substance use, efforts to adapt mindfulness training for this context and underserved populations more broadly have been limited. We explored in this context: (a) the experience of thinking too much among PLWH struggling with adherence and substance use; (b) the appropriateness of mindfulness training to address thinking too much; and (c) potential barriers and facilitators to implementing mindfulness training. We conducted semi-structured interviews with patients (n=19) and providers (n=11) at two clinics in a peri-urban area of Cape Town. Guided by the ADAPT-ITT model, we included an experiential mindfulness practice and participants shared their observations and descriptions of the intervention in the local language (isiXhosa). Participants found mindfulness relevant, culturally salient, and appropriate for refocusing the mind. Findings provide unique language offered by participants to tailor mindfulness training in the future (e.g., "hearing your veins," "cooling of the mind"). Participants identified potential implementation barriers, including lack of privacy, and facilitators to guide future adaptations. More research is needed to adapt and increase access to mindfulness training in resource-limited settings globally, while also maintaining treatment integrity and fidelity.

Can You Hear Your Patient Sleep? Smartphones and Modern Technologies in the Detection of Nocturnal Stridor and MSA Diagnosis.

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T140. PERSONALITY AND NEUROCOGNITIVE CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC-LIKE EXPERIENCES

BackgroundPositive symptoms of schizophrenia and its extended phenotype—schizotypy—are characterized by the inclusion of novel, erroneous mental contents. These positive symptoms occur across those with a variety of diagnoses, including schizophrenia, personality disorders, and depression and bipolar with psychotic features. One promising transdiagnostic framework for explaining positive symptoms involves “apophenia,” or the tendency to perceive meaningful patterns where none, in fact, exist. Though hallucinations and delusions represent extreme instances of apophenia, it also occurs throughout the population and can include any instance of a false positive cognition, including such benign occurrences as seeing animals in the clouds or hearing your name in noise. Importantly, apophenia may be the result of heightened pattern seeking in both perception and belief, a tendency that is, along with apophenia and positive schizotypy, positively associated with the personality trait openness to experience. We propose that pattern detection and associated personality and psychopathological traits are, in turn, underlaid by neural networks associated with experiential simulation and cognitive control, specifically, the default and frontoparietal networks. Both of these networks have been implicated in research on psychosis, schizotypy, and openness.MethodsDespite consistently demonstrated associations among openness, positive schizotypy, and apophenia, few studies have investigated relations between schizotypy and behavioral manifestations of apophenia, let alone the role of normative personality variation or underlying neural substrates. To investigate these associations, we conducted a series of studies (total N > 3000) using self-report questionnaires, behavioral indicators of pattern detection sensitivity, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).ResultsAcross samples, robust positive associations were found among openness, positive schizotypy, and psychotic-like experiences. In turn, all three of these traits were positively associated with general tendencies toward false positive errors, including perceiving social intentions or emotions when none were present, detecting letters in distractor shapes and speech in noise, and picking up on semantic associations between unrelated words. Results using resting state functional MRI data suggested positive schizotypy, openness, and especially their shared variance, were related positively to connectivity of the default network and negatively to frontoparietal connectivity.DiscussionTaken together, these findings suggest that pattern sensitivity and associated brain networks may underlie openness, positive schizotypy, and psychotic-like experiences. Those with heightened openness and associated risk for psychosis may demonstrate an increased default-network-related tendency toward erroneous thoughts and perceptions (false positives), coupled with diminished frontoparietal function and impairments in the ability to successfully engage in reality testing and screen out false positives. Overall, our results advance understanding of the personality and neurocognitive correlates of the extended psychosis phenotype, while adding to a growing body of research characterizing the underlying biology of transdiagnostic psychiatric features through the use of large, nonpatient samples.