Health-promoting Lifestyle Research Articles

The relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and sleep quality in postmenopausal women

The relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and sleep quality in postmenopausal women

The impact of health literacy on health-promoting lifestyle among community residents: the chain-mediating role of family health and physical activity

BackgroundAdopting health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) is crucial for improving overall well-being and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The relationship between health literacy (HL) and HPL among Chinese community residents is complex, with potential mediating factors yet to be fully understood. Family health and physical activity (PA) may play significant roles in this relationship. This study aims to construct a chain mediation model to explore whether family health and PA mediate the effects of HL on HPL in Chinese community residents.MethodsUsing the convenient sampling method, 1,072 Chinese community residents were selected for a cross-sectional study. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire that collected demographic information, as well as data from the Health Literacy Scale Short-Form (HLS-SF12), Family Health Scale Short-Form (FHS-SF), Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II Revise (HPLP-II R). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with mediation analysis performed using the SPSS PROCESS macro.ResultsThere were significant pairwise correlations between HL, family health, PA, and HPL (p < 0.01). HL was directly linked to HPL (effect = 0.442; SE = 0.025; 95% CI: 0.392, 0.491). Additionally, three indirect pathways were identified: family health independently mediated 6.02% of the effect (effect = 0.032; SE = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.051), PA also independently mediated 9.02% of the effect (effect = 0.048; SE = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.030, 0.068), and a combined chain mediation through both family health and PA accounted for 1.88% of the effect (effect = 0.010; SE = 0.003; 95% CI: 0.005, 0.017).ConclusionHL not only has a direct impact on promoting HPL but also influences it indirectly through the mediating roles of family health and PA. These insights elucidate the mechanisms by which HL affects HPL, providing valuable theoretical guidance for the development and implementation of effective strategies to encourage healthy lifestyle practices.

The role of illness perception in the physical activity domain of health-promoting lifestyle among patients with non-communicable diseases: A systematic review.

The global mortality caused by non-communicable diseases is on the rise. Health-promoting lifestyles are among the most effective approaches, yet the physical activity domain consistently scores the lowest. Physical activity is linked to individual behaviour and influenced by numerous factors. Illness has been identified as a key factor in behavioural change. Therefore, the primary purpose of this review was to investigate the role of illness perception in the physical activity domain among patients with non-communicable disease. This systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. A literature search was conducted across three scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science), targeting original articles published in English between 2014 and 2024. The quality of the eligible articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The findings were synthesised through content analysis. A total of 17 studies were included, identifying both the direct and indirect effects of illness perception variables as a whole or in their respective dimensions. The illness perception variable has demonstrated a significant positive and negative relationships with the physical activity domain. The majority of the included studies had a cross-sectional design. Therefore, the evidence quality was relatively low and exhibited a high risk of bias. Furthermore, there was language bias as only English-language publications were selected. The findings of this review will serve as a guide for healthcare providers in enhancing physical activity adherence among patients with non-communicable diseases through an illness perception approach. This approach can be integrated into clinic consultations and intervention programmes. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of the illness perception approach in promoting physical activity adherence.

Factors influencing health-promoting behavior among single mothers in Northeastern Malaysia: a cross-sectional study.

Health-promoting behaviors (HPB) play a vital role in maintaining and enhancing overall well-being. Single mothers are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and less involvement in HPB due to psychosocial disadvantages. This study aimed to determine the HPB scores and factors influencing HPB among single mothers in Kelantan (Northeastern, Malaysia). This study employed a cross-sectional design, selecting 242 single mothers from Kelantan through proportional stratified sampling. Data were gathered through questionnaires covering sociodemographic details, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), the Malay Version of Health Beliefs Related to Cardiovascular Disease (HBCVD-M), and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support (MPSS). The relationships between the dependent variable (HPB) and independent variables were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. The respondents achieved an average HPB score of 118.03 (SD = 19.2), with the highest mean scores in spiritual growth (22.46 [SD = 3.70]) and interpersonal relationships (22.05 [SD = 3.67]). Physical activity had the lowest mean score at 15.09 (SD = 4.62). Significant positive associations were found between HPB and perceived severity of CVD (adjusted β = 1.60; 95% CI [0.68-2.53]; p<0.001) as well as perceived social support (adjusted β = 0.63; 95% CI [0.37-0.90]; p<0.001). Conversely, educational level (adjusted β = -10.36; 95% CI [-16.06 to -4.67]; p<0.001) and perceived benefits of reducing CVD risk (adjusted β = -1.43; 95% CI [-2.37 to -0.48]; p<0.001) were negatively associated with HPB. The findings highlight the importance of health beliefs, social support, and education in shaping HPB among single mothers. Community health initiatives targeting this population should develop strategies to strengthen individuals' health beliefs and promote a supportive environment.

Health Promotion and the case of social prescription of laughter

Abstract Introduction The use of laughter to change lifestyle and promote active and successful ageing is an area of interest within the scope of health promotion. The positive effects of laughter practices occur throughout the life cycle. That is why “laughing” has been identified and indicated as a human activity of social prescription promoting healthy lifestyles. This communication aims to (1) identify the benefits for health, health promotion, well-being, and healthy lifestyle of using laughter activities and practices, (2) identify “laughing” as a social prescription activity that promotes a healthy lifestyle. Methods This work is structured in a narrative review of the literature and the authors’ lived experience as professionals in the well-being area. Results Studies show that laughing and using laughter-inducing approaches have immediate effects on the person who experiences them (e.g. increased general well-being, reduced cortisol levels) with benefits for the immune system and cardiovascular health. Daily practices that are structured and systematic interventions that induce laughter were revealed to have lasting and durable effects. Studies also highlighted the effectiveness of laughter and its important role in improving communication in healthcare professional-patient encounters. Discussion Several behaviors are associated with well-being, happiness and positive affect, but the one that is accessible to all people and with the most immediate effects is laughter. Daily practices, structured and systematic interventions that induce laughter are part of non-pharmacological approaches that promote health and well-being. The principles underlying laughter practices are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, namely goal 3 (Health), goal 4 (Education) and goal 16 (Peace).

Climate change adaptation measures in the context of health promotion using participatory foresight

Abstract Issue/problem Climate change is regarded as a big threat to human health (WHO 2023), requiring action to prepare our health systems. Using participatory foresight approach has the potential to increase capacities of communities and to sustain future health. The process is easily transferable to other regions or countries across Europe. The work is part of the Austrian “Climate-Resilience-Check Health for regions and municipalities”. Description of the problem We present an innovative qualitative method to contribute to a climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessment following WHO’s guidelines. Questions answered by the project were: • What measures can be taken to shape the regions’ potential for a health-promoting lifestyle and to increase climate resilience? • Does participatory foresight represent a well-suited method to develop climate adaptation measures which address local needs? Taking place between 10/23 to 12/23, the participatory foresight process consisted of (1) a foresight-workshop facilitating development of adaptation measures through the creation of personas and (2) intervention boards, which gave the broader population the opportunity to vote for measures developed in the workshop. The aim of the approach was to identify measures that receive approval within the population. Results The participatory foresight process highlighted the local populations’ wish of revitalizing village centers to strengthen social cohesion. Particular emphasis was placed on the establishment of a community center and the expansion of daycare services. Lessons The process will be conducted in further regions as part of the Climate-Resilience-Check Health for Austrian regions and provides lessons of good practice for roll-out across European countries aiming to bridge efforts for climate adaptation and health promotion at regional levels.

The Association between Organizational Factors of Health Promoting Schools and Teachers' Health Lifestyles: A Multilevel Analysis.

Schools are both learning environments for students and workplaces for faculty. Recognizing the role of organizational factors in staff health in school environments, the study aimed to explore which factors, including transformational leadership, teachers' perceived management support and HPS accreditation awards, were most associated with promoting a healthy lifestyle for teachers. A cross-sectional study was undertaken of 137 elementary schools in 2014, involving 433 directors and 2090 teachers. Data were collected using an anonymous structured questionnaire. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze both teacher- and school-level factors associated with health-promoting lifestyles. There was a significant positive correlation between teachers' overall health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP-II) scores and both perceived management support (coefficient = .98, p < .001) and transformational leadership (coefficient = .38, p = .039). All 6 HPLP-II subscales also showed significant positive correlations with perceived management support (coefficients .12-.24, p < .001). Supporting a healthy working atmosphere and strong principal transformational leadership are keys to enhancing teachers' health-promoting lifestyles. Future research could explore how transformational leadership and management support influence teachers' health behaviors and identify effective strategies and interventions.

Scoring Health Behaviors of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background and Objectives: Millions of people worldwide suffer from diabetes. The ever-increasing number of patients poses a huge challenge to healthcare systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lifestyle and self-monitoring of type 2 diabetes patients using the Healthy Lifestyle and Self-Monitoring Questionnaire. Material and Methods: The analyses conducted were based on data collected using the Polish version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Self-Control Questionnaire among 104 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who were treated at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic. The in-house study also included an analysis of the relationship between lifestyle habits and disease acceptance and chronic disease functioning. Results: Respondents scored statistically significantly higher for the Healthy Lifestyle and Self-Monitoring Questionnaire than the norms assume, and the largest differences were observed in terms of the healthy dietary choices subscale (t = 8.07; p < 0.05). Only for the subscale of organized exercise were no statistically significant differences found (t = 0.50; p = 0.620). Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes is one of the diseases in which lifestyle not only contributes to its development but is also associated with its course and treatment outcomes. Reinforcing a health-promoting lifestyle is one of the cornerstones of treating patients with type 2 diabetes.

Interplay Between Health-Promoting Lifestyle, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation with Risk of Cosmetic Surgery Seeking in Young Women.

This study investigated the relationship between lifestyle and cognitive regulation of emotion and the risk of seeking cosmetic surgery in young women. The current study was a cross-sectional study. The outcome variable in this research was cosmetic surgery seeking. The association between sociodemographic and health behaviors with risk of cosmetic surgery seeking investigated. The multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between health promotion lifestyle and cognitive emotion regulation with cosmetic surgery seeking. Underweight was associated with cosmetic surgery seeking [5.50; 95% CI 1.90-15.92; P<0.005]. Other risk factors were former smoking, alcohol use, and poor sleep quality. An increase in poor lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of cosmetic surgery seeking [30.41; 95% CI 4.87-189.84; P<0.001]. Adaptive cognitive emotion regulation protects against cosmetic surgery seeking [0.36; 95% CI 0.15-0.84; P<0.001]. Lifestyle and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation played a significant role in people who were looking for cosmetic surgery, and therefore, like in other areas of disease and health, lifestyle and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation are important in cosmetic surgery, and it is necessary to pay attention to the effects of each of them. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

A nomogram model for predicting frailty in middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer:A cross-sectional study

PurposeFrailty is a syndrome caused by multiple factors and can lead to serious consequences for middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer. However, few studies have comprehensively explored predictors of frailty and built predictive models. Therefore, our aim is to develop and evaluate a predictive model for frailty in middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer. MethodsFrom July 2023 to February 2024, a total of 502 middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer participated in this survey. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were employed to identify potential predictors of frailty in these patients. A nomogram was constructed based on the predictive factors, and the model underwent internal validation. ResultsIn the training cohort, logistic regression revealed that self-perceived health, chronic pain, loneliness, depression, and health-promoting lifestyle were independent predictors of frailty. The Areas Under the Curve (AUC) of the training and validation groups were 0.845 and 0.851, respectively. The calibration curve of the nomogram demonstrated good consistency between predicted and actual probabilities. Decision curve analysis revealed good clinical benefit. ConclusionsThis study established a predictive model with satisfactory predictive ability, providing empirical evidence for the early detection and intervention of frailty in middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer. The nomogram model has significant potential for clinical application, as it can be integrated into routine oncology practice to identify high-risk patients early, allowing for timely and individualized interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Mediation Effects of Self-care Self-efficacy and Health-promoting Behaviors on Fear of Cancer Recurrence and Posttraumatic Growth in Postoperative Patients With Cervical Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study

PurposeThe high recurrence risks significantly contribute to poor health outcomes among postoperative cervical cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the impact of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) on the posttraumatic growth (PTG) in postoperative cervical cancer patients and to investigate the medicating effects of self-care self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors within this relationship. MethodsA total of 334 cervical cancer patients who undergone surgery in three tertiary hospitals in Liaoning Province, China, were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the general information questionnaire, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire (fear of cancer recurrence), the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTG), the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (self-care self-efficacy), and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (health-promoting behaviors). Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression analysis. A structural equation model was conducted using Amos 24.0 software. ResultsPTG of cervical cancer patients after surgery was significantly and negatively associated with fear of cancer recurrence (r = -.54, P < .001), while positively correlated with self-care self-efficacy (r = .51, P < .001) and health-promoting behaviors (r = .59, P < .001). The mediation model revealed that self-care self-efficacy (Boots 95% CI [-0.39, -0.15]) and health-promoting behaviors (Boots 95% CI: [-0.51, -0.24]) independently served as mediating factors, respectively. Self-care self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors played a significant chain mediating effect between fear of cancer recurrence and PTG (Boots CI: [-0.19, -0.07]), with an indirect effect of 11.6%. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that self-care self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors partially mediated the relationship between fear of cancer recurrence and PTG in cervical cancer survivors after surgery. Implementing tailored interventions focused on enhancing self-care self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors among cervical cancer survivors may help alleviate concerns about cervical cancer recurrence and enhance PTG following surgery.

Effect of Psychological Capital Program on Flourishing and Health-Promoting Lifestyle among Patients with Depression

Effect of Psychological Capital Program on Flourishing and Health-Promoting Lifestyle among Patients with Depression

Interplay Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile on Poor Sleep Quality in Adolescents

Background and Objective Adolescence is an important period of development, the main goal of this research was to investigate whether lifestyle can mediate the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and sleep quality.Methods This multicenter study was conducted between December 2023 and March 2024. The target population was adolescent girls between 12–18 years old. A total of 318 adolescents participated in this study in person. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was first used to check the relationships between research variables. Next, linear regression was used to draw predictive relationships based on independent and dependent variables. To investigate the mediator variable, path analysis was used and the result of the Sobel test was used.Results The R2 showed that 22% of the variance of poor sleep quality was explained by the predictor variables. Among of predictor variables in the model, health-promoting lifestyle profile and maladaptive strategies were significant and predicted poor sleep quality. The mediation role of a health-promoting lifestyle in the relationship between adaptive emotion regulation strategies and poor sleep quality was significant, the coefficient of the indirect path was equal to -0.18 and the Sobel test was equal to -4.68.Conclusions Current research has shown that cognitive emotion regulation strategies are related to poor sleep quality and this effect is mediated by a healthy lifestyle.

Investigating the correlation between health-promoting lifestyle and health hardiness with quality of life

IntroductionQuality of life (QOL) is a key concept in the field of health and future human life depends on understanding the factors affecting the QOL. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health hardiness and health-promoting lifestyle with QOL among residents of Bastak city.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was conducted on the adult population above the age of 18 years living in Bastak city in Hormozgan province. A total number of 400 subjects were selected using a convenient sampling method. An online questionnaire was used to collect the data, which consisted of four sections: demographic information, health hardiness questionnaire, health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire and world health organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Data were analyzed using statistical tests including Pearson correlation analysis, path analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) with SPSS 24 and AMOS 21 statistical software.ResultsA total of 400 subjects with the mean age of 34.81 ± 8.94 years participated in this study. There were significant positive relationships between health hardiness (r = .499, p = .000), health value (r = .491, p = .000), internal health locus of control (r = .468, p = .000), external health locus of control (r = .19, p = .000), perceived health competence (r = .415, p = .000), health responsibility (r = .473, p = .000), physical activity (r = .356, p = .000), nutrition (r = .392, p = .000), interpersonal relations (r = .458, p = .000), spiritual growth (r = .619, p = .000), stress management (r = .514, p = .000) and health promoting life-style (r = .593, p = .000) With QOL.ConclusionAccording to our findings, health-promoting lifestyle has a positive relationship with QOL. Therefore, the policy makers and executive managers of the health sector can improve people’s QOL by designing and implementing educational interventions that are focused on improvement the level of individual’s physical activity, spiritual growth, interpersonal interactions, stress management, nutrition and individual responsibility.

Effects of nurse-led intervention programs based on King’s theory of goal attainment on health-promoting behaviors and life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial

BackgroundType 2 diabetes being a chronic condition that requires long-term care. This study examined the impact of an educational program using King’s goal attainment model on health behaviors and life satisfaction in type 2 diabetes patients.MethodsThis is a randomized controlled clinical trial with no blinding in which we tested two groups of intervention control. 70 patients with type 2 diabetes were allocated to an intervention (N = 35) and a control group randomly (N = 35). The nursing process stages included examination, diagnosis, goal determination, transaction based on patient preferences, and evaluation based on King’s theory. Data was gathered using the Walker Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS, before, after, and 3 months, post-intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS25 through descriptive statistics, Chi-square Test, Independent and paired sample T-test, two-way ANOVA, and multivariate repeated measures ANCOVA. P-values < 0.05 were considered as the level of significance.ResultsIn the intervention group, there was a significant difference in the mean score of health-promoting behaviors and life satisfaction between the three time points (before, immediately after, and 3 months after). However, in the control group, there was no significant difference in the mean score of health-promoting behaviors and life satisfaction.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that an educational program based on King’s goal attainment model can be effective in improving health-promoting behaviors and life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further studies are recommended to be conducted in different settings and with a longer follow-up period.Iranian registry of clinical trialsIRCT registration number: IRCT20190917044802N8.Registration date16/12/2022.

Spiritual Growth and Stress Management of Physical Education Sport and Health Students

The purpose of this research was to identify the spiritual growth and stress management of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students. The method of this research was qualitative. The respondents to this study were students of the Physical Education, Health and Recreation study program at the Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The sampling technique used was quota sampling, which was determined by researchers to include as many as 170 students. The data collection technique was a survey with a questionnaire filled out online. The research instrument used was the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II instrument, which was adjusted to the characteristics of the activities of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students in the sub-questions about spiritual growth and stress management. The research data were processed descriptively and correlatively using Pearson Correlation analysis. The results of the Pearson Correlation test showed a significance value of. 000 &amp;lt; 0.05, so it was stated that the two variables were correlated. Spiritual growth and stress management, with a Pearson Correlation value of.728, have a degree of relationship with a strong correlation. The significance value of.728 is positive, indicating that the relationship between spiritual growth and stress management increases with the assumption that the higher the spiritual growth, the higher the stress management. The conclusion of this study is that the spiritual growth of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students has a positive correlation with stress management. This study contributes to providing recommendations for conducting stress management activities for students.

Patients’ and stakeholders’ experiences of a personalized self-management SUPport program (P-SUP) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or coronary heart disease: a qualitative process evaluation

BackgroundChronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease cause medical, social, and economic burdens worldwide. Disease management programs in Germany mostly lack components to improve patients’ self-management and health-promoting lifestyles despite clear guideline recommendations. Therefore, a Personalized Self-Management Support Program (P-SUP) was developed, which includes: (1) peer support groups; (2) telephone coaching; (3) feedback reports and, (4) a web portal. This study aims to explore patients’ and implementing stakeholders’ experiences in the implementation of P-SUP to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the intervention.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using face-to-face focus group interviews with participating patients and telephone-based one-to-one expert interviews with implementing stakeholders, involved in the delivery of the intervention. The transcribed interview reports were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, and the contents were categorized according to Donabedian’s Structure-Process-Outcome framework.ResultsA total of six themes among patients (N = 35) and five themes among implementing stakeholders (N = 32) represent the experiences. The patient themes were: (1) technical conditions, (2) indoor facilities, (3) group composition, (4) acceptance of digital components, (5) supervision and feedback and (6) impact on lifestyle behavior. The themes among the implementing stakeholders were: (1) multiprofessional approach, (2) human resources, (3) patient acceptance, (4) supervision and feedback and (5) impact on lifestyle behavior.ConclusionsMultiprofessional interventions such as P-SUP appear to be valuable for patients and implementing stakeholders. Although infrastructural barriers made the implementation of peer support and digital patient education difficult, patients rated the exchange with peers and experts on health-related topics positively. The lack of supervision and feedback during the course of the intervention might be compensated by regular telephone coaching. The findings from this study can be used in future studies to guide researchers and implementing stakeholders and to improve the feasibility and effectiveness of complex interventions in different contexts.Trial registrationThe P-SUP study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) on 16/07/2020 under the registration number DRKS00020592.

Dental students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, physical activity levels and social media use: cross sectional study

BackgroundHealthy lifestyle behavior includes appropriate behaviors such as eating habits, physical activity and weight control in order to stay healthy and prevent diseases. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate healthy lifestyle behaviors, physical activity levels and social media use of dental students.MethodsAn online questionnaire including demographic characteristics, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Version (IPAQ-S) and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) was filed by 420 dental students. The data were evaluated statistically.ResultsThe mean age was 21.6 ± 1.96 years and the majority of the students (71.7%) were living with their families. Obesity and overweight in males and underweight in females were statistically higher. There was no difference between the genders in terms of social media use. The most preferred applications were Instagram (92.7%), YouTube (85%) and Twitter (59.7%). In terms of IPAQ durations and HPLP scores, there was no gender difference. According to the IPAQ classification, while the majority of students (64.3%) were physically low active, 23.1% were physically inactive. As the total HPLP score increased, the total IPAQ score increased.ConclusionIt is concluded that as the university students make up the majority of the young adults, encouraging their health-promoting behaviors is crucial for improving public health.

The chain mediating role of family health and physical activity in the relationship between life satisfaction and health-promoting lifestyles among young adults in China.

Unhealthy lifestyles during adolescence are significant factors leading to chronic diseases in the future. Enhancing health-promoting lifestyles among young adults in China is crucial for preventing and reducing the risk factors of chronic diseases. This study aims to explore the relationships between life satisfaction, family health, physical activity, and health-promoting lifestyles among young adults in China. It also seeks to confirm the chain mediation role of family health and physical activity in the influence of life satisfaction on health-promoting lifestyles in this population. This study, conducted from August 2023 to November 2023, employed a random sampling method to recruit young adult participants aged 18-40 in the southwestern region of China. Variables were measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Family Health Scale-Short Form (FHS-SF), the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Revised (HPLP-IIR). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 and the PROCESS macro version 4.1. The results indicated that life satisfaction was positively correlated with family health (r = 0.225), physical activity (r = 0.245), and health-promoting lifestyles (r = 0.506). Family health was positively correlated with physical activity (r = 0.320) and health-promoting lifestyles (r = 0.312). Physical activity was positively correlated with health-promoting lifestyles (r = 0.429). Additionally, life satisfaction could influence health-promoting lifestyles directly (effect = 0.369) and through three mediation pathways: (a) family health (effect = 0.033); (b) physical activity (effect = 0.050); (c) family health and physical activity (effect = 0.020). This study supports the mediating role of family health and physical activity in the influence of life satisfaction on health behaviors among young adults in China. Therefore, we recommend that future public health initiatives place greater emphasis on family health and create conditions that facilitate physical activity for this group. This could be an important direction for further enhancing health-promoting lifestyles among young adults in China.

Health-promoting behavior and its determinants towards non-communicable diseases among adult residents of the Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia: the application of the health belief model.

Non-communicable diseases are becoming a challenge for the health care system in Ethiopia, which has suffered a double burden from infectious and rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases. However, there is little information on health-promoting behavior in the study settings. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine health-promoting behaviors and its associated factors among adult's residents of Gedeo zone. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 705 adult residents of Gedeo zone, south Ethiopia, selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Interviews administered through a structured questionnaire were used to collect the data. The data were entered using Kobo Collect and analyzed using Stata version 17. The baseline characteristics of the participants were summarized using descriptive statistics. The independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare two groups and more than two groups, respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the potential determinants of health-promoting behavior and its components. Statistically significant factors were declared at p-value of less than or equal to 0.05. The overall means score for health-promoting behavior was 73.88 ± 16.79. Physical activity and spiritual growth had the lowest and highest mean scores, respectively. The variables: gender, marital status, education, family history of NCDs, health insurance status, perceived health status, knowledge of NCD risk factors, risk perception of NCDs, expected outcome, cues to action, and self-efficacy showed a statistically significant difference in overall health-promoting behavior. The total health-promoting behavior score was associated with age, gender, perceived health status, marital status, family history of NCDs, health insurance, knowledge of NCD risk factors, perceived threat, expected outcome, self-efficacy, and cues to action. In the study, the mean score of health-promoting behaviors was low. Socio-demographic and economic variables, family history of NCD, perceived health status, knowledge of NCD risk factors, perceived threat, expected outcome, self-efficacy, and cues to action affect health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, the study suggests establishing health promotion programs to increase residents' awareness of health-promoting lifestyles, empower them to adopt healthy lifestyles, and improve health outcomes by increasing self-efficacy, providing education, and creating supportive environments.