Consequences For Health Of People Research Articles

Health literacy, medication belief, and demographic factors as correlates of medication adherence in person with diabetes mellitus

Abstract Background: A rise in the number of people with diabetes is possible if immediate action is not taken to reverse the trend. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic medical condition that has serious health consequences for people. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationships between medication adherence, health literacy, and demographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: This correlational study methodology was used at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Benin City in 2020. The study included 180 diabetes participants. The tools used included belief about medications questionnaires (BMQ), medication adherence rating scales (MARS), and the Short Functional Health Literacy in Adults Test (STOHFLA), and used linear regression, descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s rho correlation. Results: The researcher discovered that 66.7% of the people lacked adequate health literacy, and MARS analysis revealed that medication adherence was low. Age and income level both had relationships with medication adherence, but marital status, and education did not. The researcher also found a link between medication adherence, health literacy, and medication belief using P-values of 0.004 and 0.002. The regression model indicates that age, medication belief, health literacy, and economic and income level are predicting factors for medication adherence. Conclusion: Nurses and hospital administrators need to focus more on the health literacy, age, income level, and health beliefs of their patients because there is evidence that these aspects are statistically associated with medication adherence.

Solutions for environmental improvement: a case of dong Thanh landfill area in hoc mon district, Ho Chi Minh city

Hoc Mon District is one of the five suburban districts of Ho Chi Minh City with rapid urbanization rate every year. Many large projects and projects have been built, leading to a large number of people concentrating on living and working in the area. This puts the Hoc Mon district at risk of environmental pollution, which directly affects people’s health as well as the district’s socio-economic development. Therefore, in order to reduce environmental pollution, we need many feasible solutions. Poor sanitation is the cause of serious health consequences for people. This paper identifies human perceptions about the impact of the environment, especially the pollution of landfills on health, and once there are concrete improvements in waste management, life would be much better. The article analyses some of the causes and finds suitable solutions to improve the environment. The results show that the people’s awareness and timely support from the government play a very important role. Local governments need to have more specific policies and regulations to develop society in a sustainable way. Proposals have been studied for planning the development of eco-urban areas on the disposal sites themselves. We need to further expand the scope of urban development planning research to the vicinity of landfills, turning these places into clean land areas in order to develop modern urban areas in the future.

Основні типи ушкоджень хребців при пухлинах хребта (ретроспективне дослідження)

Damage to the vertebrae as a result of neoplastic processes leads to serious health consequences for people of all ages and genders. Unsuccessfully constructed tactics for the treatment of primary and metastatic spinal lesions are the result of severe orthopedic and neurological complications, which can lead to fatal consequences. To decide what type of surgery to perform, you need to have more information than the type of tumor. To create a rational algorithm for the treatment of patients with loss of spinal support due to neoplastic lesions of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae should consider the features of damage to the anatomical structures of the spinal motor segment and identify the main types of vertebral injuries. The purpose of the study was based on a prospective analysis of patients with spinal cord injuries, and description of the types of vertebral injuries. Material and methods. In the Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. In the period from 2008 to 2017, 264 patients with pathological changes in the spine were diagnosed. The age of patients was from 18 to 81 years. There were 137 men and 131 women. 39 (14.8%) patients did not have vertebral body deformity accompanied by bone edema, 168 (63.6%) patients had vertebral body damage without destruction of other anatomical structures, 52 (19.7%) patients were diagnosed with deformation of the vertebral body with damage to the arches and joints, and 5 (1.9%) patients had damage to the posterior support complex. Results and discussion. As a result of a prospective analysis of patients with spinal tumors, 5 types of vertebral lesions were identified by cancer: 1 – without deformation, accompanied by bone edema and visualized on MRI; 2 – deformation of the vertebral body up to 30% without damage to the posterior wall or with a small defect; 3 – deformation of the vertebral body > 30%, but < 60% with damage to the posterior vertebral wall; 4 – deformation of the vertebral body> 60% with damage to the posterior vertebral wall; 5 – deformation of the vertebral body with damage to the arches and joints. Conclusion. As a result of damage to the anatomical structures of the vertebrae by the tumor process, important morphological features were identified: the degree of damage to the vertebral body; the magnitude of local kyphosis; deformation of the posterior wall of the vertebral body, on the basis of which the types of vertebral injuries are determined

Do disability, parenthood, and gender matter for health disparities?: A US population-based study

BackgroundExisting research has documented adverse health outcomes among parents with disabilities relative to parents without disabilities, but little is known about whether parenthood adds unique stress and health consequences for people with disabilities. Less is known about whether the effects of parenthood differ between mothers and fathers with disabilities. ObjectivesThis paper examined health-related quality of life, obesity, and health behaviors between US parents and nonparents with and without disabilities. We also explored differences in health outcomes separately for men and women by one's parental and disability status. MethodsAn analytic sample of parents and nonparents aged 18–64, with and without disabilities, were derived from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (9,117 parents and 33,961 nonparents with disabilities). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied, controlling for individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics and their history of chronic conditions. ResultsParents with disabilities, compared to parents without disabilities and nonparents with and without disabilities, were at higher risk of reporting frequent physical distress, obesity, smoking, and insufficient sleep. Among those with disabilities, fathers were more likely than nonfathers to report poor or fair health, frequent physical and mental distress, and obesity; these differences were not evident between mothers and nonmothers with disabilities. ConclusionsThe findings suggest the urgent need for policies and programs to address the health-related needs of parents with disabilities, as well as the need for targeted programs to support fathers with disabilities.

Emerging health risks associated with modern agriculture practices: A comprehensive study in India

In order to enhance food production, India has adopted modern agriculture practices and achieved noteworthy success. This achievement was essentially the result of a paradigm shift in agriculture that included high inputs of agrochemicals, water, and widespread practice of monoculture, as well as bureaucratic changes that promoted these changes. There are very few comprehensive analyses of potential adverse health outcomes that may be related to these changes. The objective of this study is to identify health risks associated with modern agricultural practices in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. This study aims to compare high-input and low-input agricultural practices and the consequences for health of people in these communities. The fieldwork was conducted from May to August, 2009 and included a survey carried out in six villages. Data were collected by in-depth personal interviews among 240 households and key informants, field observations, laboratory analyses, and data from secondary sources.The study identified four major visible impacts: occupational hazards, vector borne diseases, changing nutritional status, and inequity in development. In the high-input area, mechanization has resulted in more occurrences of serious accidents and injuries. Ecological changes due to rice cultivation in this area have further augmented mosquito breeding, and there has been a surge in the incidence of Japanese encephalitis and malaria. The traditional coarse cereals (complex carbohydrates, high protein) have been replaced by mill-polished rice (simple carbohydrate, low protein). The prevalence of overweight (BMI>25) has emerged as a new public health challenge, and this is most evident in large-landholding households, especially in the high-input agriculture areas. In all agro-ecological areas, it was observed that women faced a greater risk of both extremes of under-nutrition and being overweight. Output-driven and market-oriented modern agricultural practices have changed the ecology and disease pattern in this area in India, and our survey indicated significant health effects associated with these changes. There is a need for more extensive epidemiological studies in order to know the full impact on diseases and to understand the complex causal relationships.

Introduction to the measurement of stress at work.

This article introduces a special section on the measurement of stress in occupational and work environments. It discusses stress as a creatively ambiguous term that, nonetheless, has important medical, behavioral, and psychological health consequences for people at work as well as away from work. The article discusses the importance of multiple medical and psychological measures for occupational stress assessments and offers an abbreviated conceptual framework for such measures. The 5 articles and 1 commentary that compose the section are briefly introduced.