Health Care System For Elderly Research Articles

Analysis of post-extraction bleeding in patients taking antithrombotic therapy using data from the longevity improvement and fair evidence study.

Several studies have investigated post-extraction bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapy, but most included a small sample size. This study aimed to analyse post-extraction bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapy using data from a large database. Claims data of National Health Insurance and Late-Stage Elderly Healthcare System enrollees who underwent tooth extraction between October 2014 and March 2019 (n = 107 767) in a large multiregional cohort study (Longevity Improvement and Fair Evidence study) were included. Antithrombotic therapy was determined based on the drug codes used at the time of tooth extraction (classified into six groups: no antithrombotic, single antiplatelet, dual antiplatelet, Direct Oral Anticoagulant, warfarin and combined antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies). The outcome was defined as the presence of "post-extraction bleeding" as a receipt disease name in the same month as tooth extraction. To examine the association between antithrombotic therapy and post-extraction bleeding in detail, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with post-extraction bleeding as the objective variable; each antithrombotic therapy as the explanatory variable; and age, sex and comorbidities as adjustment variables. Antithrombotic therapy was administered in 14 343 patients (13.3%), and post-extraction bleeding was observed in 419 patients (0.4%). The rate of post-extraction bleeding was significantly lower in the no antithrombotic therapy and single antiplatelet groups than that in the other groups (odds ratio: 2.00-9.02). The frequency of post-extraction bleeding is high in patients on anticoagulation or dual antithrombotic therapy. Therefore, careful preparation before extraction is necessary in these patients.

Menopause Status and Risk Factors for COVID-19 in the Elderly

The cessation of the menstrual cycle in women (menopause), which usually occurs in women aged over 40 years, is often accompanied by significant impacts on both physical and psychological health. During menopause, women experience a decrease in estrogen levels which is a protective factor in the woman’s body by decreasing chemokine ligand 2 expression during inflammation. Postmenopausal women who have experienced a decrease in their protective agents are more susceptible to being exposed to viruses. This study identified the correlation between menopause status and risk factors for COVID-19 by using Spearman rho. The participants in this retrospective cross-sectional study were 30 elderly women, 33 to 64 years old, at Posyandu lansia (Integrated Health Care System for Elderly) who expressed their willingness to participate in this study from April 1st until June 19th, 2022, by online survey or by filling out the menopause health and risk factor of COVID-19 questionnaires manually. Risk factors of COVID-19, such as comorbid disease, lack of exercise, low healthy life patterns, and obesity, have a significant correlation with the menopausal status of elder women. Half of them had graduated from senior high school and got menarche at 9 years old. Twenty per cent of them had a risk factor of COVID-19, and more than half of them used contraception. The number of elder people who were already in menopause was 27 per cent. Elderly people should improve their immune systems and prepare for menopause to lower the incidence of COVID-19 infection.
 Keywords: COVID-19, elderly, menopause, risk factors

Risk of cardiovascular events leading to hospitalisation after Streptococcus pneumoniae infection: a retrospective cohort LIFE Study

ObjectivesTo elucidate the risk of cardiovascular event occurrence following Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.DesignRetrospective cohort study using a LIFE Study database.SettingThree municipalities in Japan.ParticipantsMunicipality residents who were enrolled in either National Health...

A Sustainable, Interactive Elderly Healthcare System for Nursing Homes: An Interdisciplinary Design

Population ageing becomes a perplexing conundrum with social and economic development. Many senior citizens are now empty nesters because the younger generation prefer to stay in metropolises for a better life. Therefore, living in a nursing home is a popular choice for the aged. This objective-oriented paper proposes a sustainable elderly healthcare system for nursing homes. The main work is the design and implementation of a new rapid and interactive assistance service. Based on cost-effective fingerprint indoor-positioning technology, the alert message that a person is at risk will be immediately sent to nearby people before professionals arrive. Warning messages are available when nearing marked areas (e.g., slippery floors). The parallel path-finding algorithm plays a significant role in finding nearby people and alerting people who approach specific areas. Furthermore, this system provides application programming interfaces to connect to health devices, such as smart bracelets, watches, and glasses. In general, the system is designed to ensure the safety of the elderly and improve management efficiency, which corresponds to present smart elderly care proposals from governments.

Detecting Elderly Behaviors Based on Deep Learning for Healthcare: Recent Advances, Methods, Real-World Applications and Challenges

Machine learning has been applied in healthcare domain for the development of smart devices to improve the life of the elderly persons in the society. Taking care of elderly person in the society is a critical issue that need automation. To proffer solution, many researchers developed deep learning algorithms smart devices for detecting elderly behavior to improve the elderly healthcare. Despite the progress made in the applications of deep learning algorithms in elderly healthcare systems, to the best of the author’s knowledge no comprehensive recent development has been published on this interesting research area especially focusing on deep learning. In this paper, we presented a comprehensive recent development on the advances, methods and real world applications on developing smart devices for detecting elderly behavior for use in smart home, smart clinic, smart hospital and smart elderly nursing home for elderly person’s healthcare. Theories of the deep learning algorithms, recent development recorded as regard to the applicability of deep learning in elderly healthcare systems and case studies were discussed. A taxonomy based on the data extracted from the applicability of deep learning algorithms in elderly healthcare systems is created to ease pointing out areas that need more attention. The article shows that the deep learning algorithm that received tremendous attention from researchers is convolutional neural network architecture and its variants. To help in future development of the research area, we highlighted the challenges associated to the applicability of deep learning algorithms in elderly healthcare system and pointed out new point of view for future research. The research community can use our review as a benchmark for proposing novel deep learning algorithms based smart devices to detect elderly behavior for elderly healthcare systems. Industries and organizations can use the paper as a guide in selecting machine learning based smart device for detecting elderly behavior for elderly healthcare support.

Elderly Healthcare System for Chronic Ailments using Machine Learning Techniques – a Review

World statistics declare that aging has direct correlations with more and more health problems with comorbid conditions. As healthcare communities evolve with a massive amount of data at a faster pace, it is essential to predict, assist, and prevent diseases at the right time, especially for elders. Similarly, many researchers have discussed that elders suffer extensively due to chronic health conditions. This work was performed to review literature studies on prediction systems for various chronic illnesses of elderly people. Most of the reviewed papers proposed machine learning prediction models combined with, or without, other related intelligence techniques for chronic disease detection of elderly patients at an early stage to avoid emergency situations. This method provides a promising approach in the analysis of either structured or unstructured datasets to produce very substantial pattern discoveries. By defining the generic architecture for the prediction model, we reviewed various papers involved in similar fields, based on suggested methodologies and their associated outcomes. The study discussed the pros and cons of different prediction models using traditional and modern machine learning techniques.

Changes in percutaneous coronary intervention practice in Japan during the COVID-19 outbreak: LIFE Study.

AimThe global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has had widespread effects on clinical practice, and is reportedly associated with reduced percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates in the US and Italy. This study aimed to ascertain the influence of the COVID‐19 outbreak on PCI practice in Japan.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of claims data from National Health Insurance and Later‐Stage Elderly Healthcare System enrollees in Kobe City, Japan, we examined the changes in PCI incidence before and during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Percutaneous coronary intervention incidence during the COVID‐19 outbreak in 2020 was compared with that of the same (pre‐outbreak) period in 2019 using a Poisson regression analysis with the monthly number of PCIs as the dependent variable.ResultsA total of 639 patients underwent PCI in Kobe City between February and May 2020. The results showed a 19% reduction in all PCI procedures during the outbreak relative to the pre‐outbreak period (P = 0.001). There were no significant changes in non‐elective PCIs for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cases, but a 25% reduction in elective PCIs for non‐ACS cases (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 outbreak was associated with a decline in elective PCIs for non‐ACS cases, but did not appear to influence non‐elective PCIs for ACS cases in Japan.

Design of Home-Based Elderly Health Care System

Design of Home-Based Elderly Health Care System

A Fuzzy Inference-Based Spiking Neural Network for Behavior Estimation in Elderly Health Care System

In recent years, population aging has become an important social issue. We hope to achieve an elderly health care system through technical means. In this study, we developed an elderly health care system. We chose to use environmental sensors to estimate the behavior of older adults. We found that traditional methods have difficulty solving the problem of excessive indoor environmental differences in different households. Therefore, we provide a fuzzy spike neural network. By modifying the sensitivity of input using a fuzzy inference system, we can solve the problem without additional training. In the experiment, we used temperature and humidity data to make an estimation of behavior in the bathroom. The results show that the system can estimate behavior with 97% accuracy and 78% sensitivity.

Factors influencing the use of over-the-counter drugs and health foods/supplements.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and health foods/supplements are used as means of self-medication with the aim of preventing diseases and maintaining health. No reports have yet addressed the relationship between healthcare systems and self-medication. Here, we carried out a retrospective survey to identify healthcare system factors affecting OTC drug and health food/supplement usage. Patients hospitalized at Gifu Municipal Hospital between October 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015 were given a survey. The items surveyed were age, gender, disease, alcohol intake/smoking status, insurance classification, and medical pharmaceuticals, OTC drugs, and health foods/supplements used immediately before hospitalization. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis using OTC drugs and health foods/supplements as dependent variables with patient attributes, medical insurance, etc. as independent variables. A total of 5,965 patients were analyzed. OTC users comprised 2.6 % (156 people) of the total. The use of OTC drugs was significantly higher for females and alcohol consumers than in other categories. In contrast, the use of OTC drugs was significantly lower for participants in public expense/medical subsidy programs. Health foods/supplements were used by 4.0 % of all subjects (240 people); their use was significantly higher among females and users of medical pharmaceuticals. On the other hand, the use of health foods/supplements was significantly lower for smokers, users of the latter-stage elderly healthcare system, and users of public expense/medical subsidy programs.

Ageing Gracefully in Singapore: An Interactive Journey

The “Design for Ageing Gracefully” project in Singapore aimed to identify trends, behaviors, and gaps in the elderly healthcare system. The project identified opportunity areas for design‐driven innovation in the Singaporean public healthcare space, to facilitate the creation of ideal conditions to support a rapidly ageing society. A key output of this work was a dynamic, interactive, and open‐sourced map that contains 24 videos cross‐indexed through the 8 personas Experientia identified during the ethnographic research and analysis. This interactive map offers an innovative means of organizing and accessing a broad archive of rich visual research data.The ethnographic videos and interactive map were important tools when presenting our insights to Singaporean stakeholders such as the ministry of health and hospitals. By positioning the findings very clearly as being directly from the research participants, we were able to reduce institutional resistance to any findings that might have been critical of the system.The videos also allowed people's unfiltered voices to come through in an engaging way, ensuring their voices were being heard directly when talking about such a sensitive topic as health.

Living in the Age of Austerity and Migration

The global financial crisis of 2008 has caused much dialogue within the social policy framework on how to maintain a sustainable elderly health-care system. This coupled with a migrant crisis have created extra social and economic pressures in Europe in particularly. As it has been well documented by social scientists, people are living longer than ever before. There are two fundamental factors that are helping people live to an old age, which are as follows: (a) a better quality of life and (b) improved health-care system at state level. However, since the global financial crisis of 2008 populations across the world are living in an age of austerity. The age of austerity has brought extra financial pressures on the state, polarizing society by implementing cuts in welfare. The reason many governments across the world (e.g., United States, United Kingdom, and Greece) have enforced a series of austerity measures is fundamentally to reduce debt. The aim of this article is to critically explore the austerity social policy agenda within the context of the debates surrounding the refugee or migrant crisis in the elderly health-care system.

Development and discussion about healthcare system for elderly

Increasing aged care requisite has become a serious challenge all over the world. Compared with developed countries, aged care in China still has some limitations, i.e., lack of qualified professionals, aged care system needs to be improved, and lack of aged long term care insurance. This article discussed these points and put forward the corresponding countermeasures. Key words: Geriatric nursing; Aged care; Ageing of population

Loneliness among older persons in Uganda: examining social, economic and demographic risk factors

ABSTRACTLater-life loneliness is becoming an area of great concern in Uganda in light of gradual weakening of extended family as a source of old-age human support. Although information about the effects of feeling lonely exists, little is known about the associated risk factors within the country's social and cultural setting. This paper discusses prevalence and correlates of feeling lonely among older persons. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on 605 older persons in a 2012 cross-sectional study. Respondents were asked to evaluate how they felt in terms of loneliness during the administration of the questionnaire. A total of ten focus group discussions and 12 key informant interviews were also conducted to collect qualitative data. Binary logistic regression was used to predict factors affecting loneliness. Findings indicate that approximately seven in ten older persons felt lonely. Elderly people residing in the urban area were more likely to be lonely than their counterparts staying in the rural environment. In comparison with married older persons, elderly people who were widowed were more likely to be lonely. Absence of a television and pension benefits and prevalence of limb joint ill-health predicted loneliness. The findings have several implications, including developing age-friendly urban centres, encouraging old-age social organisations, decentralising the elderly health-care system and establishing a special old-age fund.

Diseases that precede disability among latter-stage elderly individuals in Japan.

Understanding causes of disability among elderly individuals is an important public health issue, particularly because of the increasing rate of disabled elderly individuals and the social costs in a rapidly aging society. Accordingly, we aimed to describe the diseases that precede disability and investigate the types of diseases that are related to severe disability among Japanese elderly individuals aged over 75 years. Using claim data from the latter-stage elderly healthcare system and long-term care insurance system, we identified 76,265 elderly individuals over 75 years old who did not qualify as disabled on April 1, 2011. Among them, 3,715 elderly individuals who had been newly qualified as disabled between April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2012 were selected. Disease codes from the medical claim data in the 6 months prior to disability were collected. All descriptions were developed separately for six groups divided by gender and disability level (low, middle, and high). The results of the ordinal logistic analysis including sex and age revealed that men tended to have significantly higher levels of disability (β = 0.417, p < 0.001) than women. Cerebrovascular disorder (CVD) was the most common disease in almost all age and disability level groups. In low-level disability groups, cancer in men (12.8%) and arthropathy and fracture in women (11.9% and 13.5%, respectively) were as common as cerebrovascular disorder (12.2% and 9.7%, in men and women, respectively). Stroke was the most common disease for all genders and disability levels. The diseases preceding low-level disability differed by gender. This study demonstrated the need to consider arthropathy and fracture as well as CVD in order to prevent disability.

Seamless Healthcare System for the Elderly Based on RFID Technology

Purpose: To design a seamless healthcare system to provide the elderly in the community of Wuhan city with active, real-time and seamless health services. Method: All of the health services for the elderly in the community of Wuhan city, such as chronic disease management, first aid, and diagnosis have been systematically integrated based on the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology combined with the existing high-tech, such as nano-sensor, network, information system technology, wireless technology, Bluetooth and Area Position System (APS) positioning. Results: The system has been constructed and put into use, initially achieving seamless health services for the elderly. The majority of both the elderly and healthcare workers are satisfied with the system. Conclusion: The study initially proposes the use of RFID technology to plan and design the elderly healthcare system, and has successfully carried the system out and got positive outcomes. It provides a new direction in the relevant research fields.

Patent Review on Network-based Elderly Healthcare System in the US

Spurred by the aging world, various network–based healthcare systems have been developed to provide and facilitate elderly healthcare service. This paper is intended to provide a review on the state of the art for network-based elderly healthcare systems in the US. Initial search resulted in 41 patents and after careful review 9 representative patents are included in the second round review. These 9 patents are categorized based on their characteristics and explicitly introduced in this paper. The current challenging issues are pointed out and the future development trend is identified in this research area.

Elderly Health Care System of Systems by Non-Contacted Multiple Sensors

This paper describes a system of systems for elderly heath care. The system consists of three systems: one is the system that detects heart rate, which provides the condition of autonomous nerve system. The second one is the system detecting respiration. Third one is the system detectingthe sound to do suctiontreatment of phlegm. In them we emply non-contacted three senors. An ultrasonic oscillosensor touched to bed frame, an air pressure mat with an air tube in bed and PCM Recorder with microphone are employed. The system of systems can detect heart rate, respiration and sound to dosuctiontreatment of phlegm. This system assesses autonomous nerve system from the heart rate.

The State of Elder Care in Mexico

Nine percent (10.05 million) of the Mexican population is over 60 years old, with an annual growth during the last decade of close to 4 %, and a female aging pattern. Members of this group live predominantly in urban areas (74 %), are married or have a partner (60 %), and generally have very low levels of education. The principal causes of morbidity, based on official registers, are respiratory infections, peptic disease, hypertension and diabetes, However, other sources of health data show that 43 % of the elderly population had had at least one fall in the past year, and 43 % experienced symptoms of depression. In addition, 10 % were reported to have cognitive decline. The principal reported causes of mortality are diabetes, and cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Health services and users are divided according to the health institution that provides the service. There are three main providers: 1) social security institutions, 2) public services offered by the Ministry of Health, and 3) private sector providers. In 2008, the National Institute on Aging (INGER) was founded in Mexico. In the next five years the Institute will focus on development, operation and evaluation of the new elderly health care system and gerontological/geriatric education, with a strong evidence-based perspective. In addition, it will continue the development of biological, clinical, technological and biomedical research. Mexico should continue to build programs and policies with a humans rights perspective and oriented to the adaption of health care the addresses the needs of the elderly. Specifically, it should be focused on providing the elderly with primary care, education, and the resources to avoid functional dependency, and enhance active and healthy aging, as well as on increasing access to an adequate information system and specialized training for human resources that is dedicated to care for the elderly.