Healthcare System Environment Research Articles

Challenges for international medical graduates in the US and the UK graduate medical education and health care system environment: A comprehensive review

A comprehensive review of past research and statistical data is necessary to understand the significant obstacles encountered by International Medical Graduates (IMGs) in the healthcare systems of the USA and UK. A careful review of the literature shows that financial, cultural, and linguistic barriers are worsened by the intricate USA licensing processes overseen by the ECFMG. The BMJ and the AAMC's research statistics demonstrate the prevalence of these difficulties and their impact on the career trajectories and well-being of IMGs. The study assesses the impact of professional networks, mentoring programs, and support systems in addressing challenges faced by IMGs in the healthcare sectors of the US and UK, emphasizing the significance of evidence-based interventions in developing inclusion and equality. International Medical Graduates (IMGs) play an important role in graduate medical education and broad medical settings, but their integration present challenges that need thoughtful evaluation of many concerns they face.

Challenges for International Medical Graduates in the US Graduate Medical Education and Health Care System Environment: A Narrative Review.

International medical graduates (IMGs) have become a vital part of the US graduate medical education (GME) and health care system (HCS) workforce; they contribute to essential diversity that relieves cultural and linguistic barriers to health care. The number of IMGs looking for medical training in the United States. has constantly been increasing in the last decades. The challenges they meet begin long before residency application, continue during their transition to residency programs, through early medical training, and eventually subside in senior years. IMGs' hurdles permeate the themes of navigating the US GME and HCS, adaptation to the US culture, communication skills, racial discrimination, emotional distress, and finances. This article aims to comprehensively review available information concerning the challenges encountered by IMGs in their transition to the US GME and HCS environments.

Choice of a Short-term Prediction Model for Patient Discharge Before Noon: A Walk-Through of ARIMA Model.

Hospital leaders encourage morning discharge of patients to boost patient flow. This work presents a detailed process of a building model for forecasting patient discharge before noon applying the Box-Jenkins methodology using weekly historic data. Accurately forecasting is of crucial importance to plan early discharge activities, influenced by the fluctuations in daily discharges process. The objective is to find an appropriate autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for forecasting the rate of patients out by noon based on the lowest error in a statistical forecast by applying the mean absolute percentage error. The results obtained demonstrate that a nonseasonal ARIMA model classified as ARIMA(2,1,1) offers a good fit to actual discharge-before-noon data and proposes hospital leaders short-term prediction that could facilitate decision-making process, which is important in an uncertain health care system environment.

Robustness in practice--the regional planning of health services.

Earlier work has criticized the dominant tendencies in operational research contributions to health services planning as characterized by optimization, implausible demands for data, depoliticization, hierarchy and inflexibility. This paper describes an effort which avoids at least some of these pitfalls. The project was to construct a planning system for a regional health council in Ontario, Canada, which would take account of the possible alternative future states of the health-care system's environment and would aim to keep options for future development open. The planning system devised is described in the paper. It is based on robustness analysis, which evaluates alternative initial action sets in terms of the useful flexibility they preserve. Other features include the explicit incorporation of pressures for change generated outside the health-care system, and a satisficing approach to the identification of both initial action sets and alternative future configurations of the health-care system. It was found possible to borrow and radically 're-use' techniques or formulations from the mainstream of O.R. contributions. Thus the 'reference projection' method was used to identify inadequacies in performance which future health-care system configurations must repair. And Delphi analysis, normally a method for generating consensus, was used in conjunction with cluster analysis of responses to generate meaningfully different alternative futures.