Health Benefits Of Milk Research Articles

Production, Composition and Nutritional Properties of Organic Milk: A Critical Review.

Milk is one of the most valuable products in the food industry with most milk production throughout the world being carried out using conventional management, which includes intensive and traditional systems. The intensive use of fertilizers, antibiotics, pesticides and concerns regarding animal health and the environment have given increasing importance to organic dairy and dairy products in the last two decades. This review aims to compare the production, nutritional, and compositional properties of milk produced by conventional and organic dairy management systems. We also shed light on the health benefits of milk and the worldwide scenario of the organic dairy production system. Most reports suggest milk has beneficial health effects with very few, if any, adverse effects reported. Organic milk is reported to confer additional benefits due to its lower omega-6-omega-3 ratio, which is due to the difference in feeding practices, with organic cows predominantly pasture fed. Despite the testified animal, host, and environmental benefits, organic milk production is difficult in several regions due to the cost-intensive process and geographical conditions. Finally, we offer perspectives for a better future and highlight knowledge gaps in the organic dairy management system.

Comparison of extraction methods and nutritional benefits of proteins of milk and dairy products: A review

Proteins are the second most essential macromolecules after nucleic acids. This article aimed at the comparative analysis of extraction methods and nutritional benefits of milk and dairy products. Proteins form the body mass and perform several crucial tasks that include acting as a catalyst and carrying out different metabolic reactions in the body. Furthermore, protein acts as a transporter, transmits nerve impulses, provides mechanical support or immune protection, and controls growth. Several sources of proteins are present, but milk holds an important place due to its biological activities. The considerable health benefits of milk and its products are due to proteins. Yoghurt and cheese have significant importance among milk products. Proteins of milk and its products can be extracted by pH adjustment through homogenisation, centrifugation, and deproteinisation. There are several techniques for identifying and quantifying milk and product proteins. The Kjeldahl and spectrophotometric methods are the most widely used methods for quantifying proteins in milk and its products. Furthermore, these techniques include electrophoresis and chromatographic methods, including native gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), urea-PAGE, capillary electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing. A few are chromatographic methods like reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), size exclusion chromatography, and ion-exchange chromatography. Each technique has its advantages as well as disadvantages. The selection of the process depends upon the type of protein. The extracted proteins from milk and its products have many health or therapeutic effects that exhibit antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anticancer, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects. Yoghurt has prime importance among milk products because of its therapeutic effects and more protein.

SIRT3 and Metabolic Reprogramming Mediate the Antiproliferative Effects of Whey in Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Simple SummaryColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths and the most frequently diagnosed cancer type. CRC risk can be preventable by modifiable risk factors, including diet. This study provides evidence on the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of whey from Mediterranean water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk in HT-29, HCT 116, LoVo, and SW480 cells. Results showed that whey induced metabolic dysfunctions and modulated the bioenergetic signature of CRC cells by targeting SIRT3 expression. These findings unveil the anti-neoplastic effects of whey and pave the way for the use of this by-product, rich in bioactive nutrients, in the setting of novel prevention strategies to reduce the risk of CRC.Emerging strategies to improve healthy aging include dietary interventions as a tool to promote health benefits and reduce the incidence of aging-related comorbidities. The health benefits of milk are also linked to its richness in betaines and short-chain acylcarnitines, which act synergistically in conferring anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Whey, despite being a dairy by-product, still has a considerable content of bioactive betaines and acylcarnitines. Here, we investigated the anticancer properties of whey from Mediterranean water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk by testing its antiproliferative effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells HT-29, HCT 116, LoVo and SW480. Results indicated that treatment with whey for 72 h inhibited cell proliferation (p < 0.001), induced cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis via caspase-3 activation, and modulated cell metabolism by limiting glucose uptake and interfering with mitochondrial energy metabolism with the highest effects observed in HT-29 and HCT 116 cells. At molecular level, these effects were accompanied by upregulation of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) (p < 0.01) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ expression (p < 0.001), and downregulation of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) (p < 0.01), sterol regulatory-element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) (p < 0.05), and PPAR-α (p < 0.01). Transient SIRT3 gene silencing blocked the effects of whey on the LDHA, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-α protein expressions (p < 0.01) suggesting that the whey capacity of perturbating the metabolic homeostasis in CRC cell lines is mediated by SIRT3.

Mare's Milk from a Small Polish Specialized Farm-Basic Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, and Healthy Lipid Indices.

Simple SummaryAs mare’s milk has high nutritional and biological value, it has a number of therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the basic composition, fatty acid profile, and values of health-related indices of milk from mares of different lactation stages, ages, and birth orders. The study was conducted on milk obtained from Coldblood mares in weeks 10, 15, and 25 of lactation. The mares were aged between five and 14 years. It was found that milk produced from the 15th week of lactation had the most beneficial fatty acid composition and very beneficial values of health-related indices (low values of the atherogenic index—AI and thrombogenic index—TI), which is important with regard to the prevention of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Moreover, the study found a dependence between birth order and the atherogenic index, which was lower in milk derived from older mares (birth order > 7). The findings from the study indicate that it is possible to modify the fatty acid profile of milk by appropriately managing the age structure of the herd of mares, among other things. To confirm this dependence, the study will be continued on a larger group of mares.The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and values of healthy indices of milk from a specialized farm of Polish Coldblood mares of different ages, birth orders, and lactation stages. Milk samples (n = 48) were collected for analysis in weeks 10, 15, and 25 of lactation from mares aged between five and 14 years. The study showed that the stage of lactation has a significant effect on the fatty acid (FA) profile of the milk produced on the farm. The highest concentration of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs was found in milk produced from the 15th week of lactation. The milk was also characterized by low values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, which indicate the health benefits of milk with respect to the content of fatty acids and their potential to prevent or cause atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The study also found a significant correlation between the number of foalings (birth order), the fatty acid profile, and atherogenic index of milk produced on the farm. The findings from the study indicate that it is possible to modify the fatty acid profile of bulk tank milk through appropriate management of the age structure of the herd of mares. To confirm this dependence, the study will be continued on a larger group of mares.

Effect of alternating total mixed ration and pasture feeding on the fatty acid content and health indices of Jersey and Fleckvieh x Jersey milk

Certain fatty acids (FAs), such as omega-3 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are considered essential FAs with beneficial health effects for humans. Milk is considered a relatively inexpensive and readily available source of these FAs and is part of a recommended healthy daily diet. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of diet changes on the FA composition of Jersey (J) and Fleckvieh x Jersey (FxJ) milk. Cows were alternately put on kikuyu-ryegrass pasture, followed by a feedlot system, then returned to kikuyu-ryegrass pasture for four weeks each. The same concentrate mixture was fed to cows regardless of feeding system. The feedlot system consisted of a partial total mixed ration (pTMR). Milk samples were collected two and four weeks after diet changes and stored at −20 °C until laboratory analysis by gas chromatography. The FA concentration of milk was not affected by breed, although it was affected significantly by diet changes. Most notably, the total omega-3 and -6 FAs decreased when cows were fed pTMR while increasing when the diet was changed back to pasture feeding. The CLA content of milk was similarly affected. That is, concentrations decreased significantly when the cows were on the pTMR diet and increased when cows were put back on the pasture-based diet. The results suggested that the health benefits of milk fat are affected negatively when cows are fed pTMR compared with being fed in a pasture-based system. The health benefits of milk are reduced owing to decreased levels of the CLA content of milk fat. Therefore, feeding additional hay in a pasture-based production system should be reconsidered when aiming to produce milk that provides health beneficial qualities. Keywords: breed, diet, n-3 fatty acid, n-6 fatty acid, pasture, Fleckvieh

Hostile Hashtag Takeover: An Analysis of the Battle for Februdairy

Hostile Hashtag Takeover: An Analysis of the Battle for Februdairy

Health Benefits of Milk and Functional Dairy Products

Dairy products have so far been in the front line in the development of functional foods Fermented dairy products have traditionally been considered to have health benefits and thus broadening the product range to other types of health promoting products is quite natural for the dairy industry Functional dairy products have recently been increasingly available in the daily life which has gained increasing popularity in the past few years Consumer rsquo s interest about personal health is reasons in establishing markets for functional dairy products In the near future we will definitely see more products targeted for special consumer groups This mini review provides the reader with a brief overview of the field It consists of two parts giving state of truth information about the following topics Milk and its health benefits and functional dairy products This article should be of benefit to everyone involved with food science and nutrition research on functional diary product and food product development nbsp

Qualitative Evaluation of Advertisements Promoting Milk Product Consumption among Women Ages 60 Years and Older

Objective: Existing research has identified gastrointestinal issues as a significant barrier to dairy consumption among older women. Five focus groups were conducted with a convenience sample of low-income women aged 60 years and older (n ¼ 30) at congregate meal sites and senior centers in Indiana to explore attitudes toward print advertisements designed to (1) promote milk and milk product consumption among low-income women aged 60 years and older, and (2) increase knowledge and promote implementation of lactose-intolerance management strategies. Design, Setting and Participants: Participants were on average 75.9 � 9.6 years old, white (93%), and with a high school degree or less education (69%). Outcome Measures and Analysis: Focus group audiotapes were transcribed and analyzed for major themes. Results: Themes that emerged from the focus groups included neutral, positive, and negative comments about the advertisements, source credibility, and suggestions about appropriate advertising for older women. Photographs used in the advertisements had a significant influence on participants' perceptions and favorability toward the messages. Participants were most receptive to an advertisement featuring advice from a female physician, who was considered to be a credible source of nutrition information. Participants also favored advertisements that recommended consuming milk with meals or emphasized the importance of milk consumption for older adults (eg, ‘‘You're never too old for the health benefits of milk!’’). Women were least receptive to ‘‘childlike’’ terminology (eg, ‘‘bellyache’’) or photographs that seemed too inauthentic or posed. Conclusions and Implications: These key findings should be considered during development of nutrition education programs for this population. Funding: Indiana Nutrition Education Programs.

Effects of Clover-Grass Silages and Concentrate Supplementation on the Content of Phytoestrogens in Dairy Cow Milk

A 2 × 2 factorial continuous experiment was conducted with 28 Norwegian Red dairy cows in early lactation to compare milk content of phytoestrogens when feeding ad libitum white clover (WCS) or red clover (RCS) grass silages prepared from the second and third cut without and with 10kg/d supplementation of a standard concentrate. The cows were offered either RCS or WCS for 88 d (period 1) and thereafter a mixed red clover-white clover-grass silage for 48 d (period 2). Total dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by forage type but increased with concentrate supplementation. Intake of isoflavones was several times greater in RCS than in WCS, whereas intake of lignans was greater in WCS. Concentrate supplementation reduced the intake of most phytoestrogens. Compared with WCS, RCS diets yielded milk with a greater content of flavonoids, whereas milk from WCS diets had greater contents of the mammalian lignans enterodiol and enterolactone. The content of the isoflavan equol was particularly high in RCS diets. There was no apparent carryover effect of clover type on milk phytoestrogen content because there was no difference in content between the silage treatments 3 wk after the cows were transferred to the same silage diet (period 2). Concentrate supplementation reduced the milk contents of the flavonoids equol, biochanin A, and daidzein and increased the content of mammalian lignans. The effects of silage type and concentrate supplementation on milk contents of the individual phytoestrogens were related to the intake of the compound or its precursor, except for the effect of concentrate on mammalian lignans, for which the intake of the known precursors was also reduced. Overall, this study shows that feeding cows with silage containing red clover increases the milk content of flavonoids at both low and high concentrate supplementation levels, and decreases the content of nonflavonoids such as mammalian lignans, when compared with silage containing white clover. The increased content of phytoestrogens in milk may be important when the health benefits of milk are studied.

International milk genomics consortium

The first international symposium on Milk Genomics & Human Health brought scientists from around the world and across the milk research spectrum to the task of annotating the subsets of mammalian genomes responsible for milk and the nutritional functions of its constituents as food for mammalian offspring. These scientists are a part of The Milk Genomics Consortium, an international consortium for milk genomic research. The general goals of the Milk Genomics Consortium are to link the scientific community through milk and genomics to understand the biological and health-conferring values of milk, to create tools for interactive web-based data exchange, and to coordinate pre-competitive and post-competitive research on the components, functions and health benefits of milk and its components.