Healing Of Superficial Wounds Research Articles

Promising Medicinal Plants and their Potential Active Constituents for Healing of Superficial Burn Wounds- A Review

Promising Medicinal Plants and their Potential Active Constituents for Healing of Superficial Burn Wounds- A Review

The effects of a synthetic epidermis spray on secondary intention wound healing in adult horses.

To evaluate secondary intention wound healing in the horse's limbs when treated with the synthetic epidermis spray (Novacika®, Cohesive S.A.S, France) or with a standard bandaging technique. Six Standardbred mares were included in the study. Four 2.5 x 2.5 cm full-thickness skin wounds were created on each thoracic limb. Two wounds were located on the dorsoproximal aspect of the cannon bone and the other two at the dorsoproximal aspect of the fetlock. Six hours after creation, wounds were randomly treated with synthetic epidermis spray or standard bandaging. The wounds were assessed every 4 days by gross visual assessment and using a 3D imaging camera. Analysis was performed with a 3D imaging application. Out of 46 wounds, 22 showed exuberant granulation tissue and were part of the standard bandaging group. Whether the wounds were treated with synthetic epidermis spray or standard bandaging, the time for healing was the same. The synthetic epidermis spray studied in this model has allowed healing without the production of exuberant granulation tissue but did not reduce the median wound healing time compared to a standard bandaging technique. The synthetic epidermis spray is potentially an interesting alternative for the management of secondary intention wound healing of superficial and non-infected distal limb wounds in adult horses on economical and practical aspects. However, all statistical inference (p-values especially) must be interpreted with caution, given the size of the sample.

COMPARISON OF CONSERVATIVE METHODS OF PREVENTION OF PATHOLOGICAL SCARING OF THE HEAD AND NECK

Wound healing is one of the most common and complex processes, which includes five phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, re-epithelialization, and remodeling. Each stage of wound healing requires the complex synchronization and regulation of multiple cell populations. Violation of the link of any of these processes can lead to the appearance of complications and increase the likelihood of the formation of pathological scars. To study the research materials, we used the bibliosemantic and analytical method, with the help of which we processed the literary data, as well as the materials of clinical studies, which were posted on the Internet. There are many conservative methods of prevention of the pathological scars formation in the area of head and neck, one of the main links is occupied by ointments with different components. Thus, a clinical study by Marquardt Y showed that the local application of dexpanthenol in the form of an ointment contributes to better healing of superficial and postoperative wounds. According to foreign scientists, silicone products, both in the form of sheets and gel, are considered to be the first line in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic and keloid scars. Goutos I., suggested the use of corticosteroid tape, which is a painless alternative to corticosteroid injections. Japanese scientists Ogawa R and co-authors note the good clinical experience and results of using corticosteroid tape and patch. Recent research by Powell HM., 2022 on the use of pressure therapy for lacerations has shown that tension relief is a powerful strategy to prevent scar formation in the head and neck area. Ud-Din S et al., proposed photodynamic therapy, which has a good evidence base for the effectiveness of this method. Over the past decade, many high-quality studies have been conducted, increasing the level of evidence base for many prevention or treatment regimens. The article reflects modern methods of conservative prevention, however, taking into account ethnic differences, predisposition to pathological scars, algorithms for prevention and treatment should be refined and optimized.

MIC-1 Antlerogenic Stem Cells Homogenate from Cervus elaphus Accelerate Corneal Burn Reepithelization in Rabbits

Deer antler is the only mammalian organ that can fully grow back once lost from its pedicle. Antler regeneration is a stem cell-based process. Therefore, antlers probably offer the most pertinent model for studying organ regeneration in mammals. Evaluation of the effect of deer antler stem cells on the healing of superficial and deep rabbit corneal wounds was performed. Thirty-six New Zealeand White rabbits were used in this study in superficial and deep denaturation models, and corneal erosion was performed with n-heptanol placed on the cornea for 30 and NaOH for 90 s. Antler stem cells in drop formulation with hyaluronate was used. As a control, sodium hyaluronate in the superficial model and protein-free calf blood dialysate (Solcoseryl) in the deep model were administered. In superficial corneal damage, a reduction in the area of the damaged cornea was observed from day 3 of the experiment to an adequate level: 45% in the test group and 52% in the control group relative to the baseline damage (100%). Between days 3 and 7, on average, a smaller lesion area was observed in the group receiving antler stem cells. The use of antler stem cells has resulted in a marked improvement in cornea clarity. According to the 5-point scale of corneal opacity evaluation, where 1 is completely clear and 5 is completely opaque, the first statistically significant changes were observed after 4 weeks of treatment: 3.0 in the study group, 4.1 in the control with Solcoseryl, and 4.4 in the control group. After 9 weeks, these values were, 2.5, 3.8, and 4.1, respectively. The present preliminary study shows the promising results of antlerogenic stem cells of Cervus elaphus topically applied for the treatment of corneal injury. A deeper understanding of the developmental mechanisms involved in antler renewal can be useful for controlling regeneration cornea processes.

Nano-Silver Medical Antibacterial Dressing Combined with High-Flow Oxygen Therapy Facilitates Ulcer Wound Healing of Superficial Malignant Tumors.

BackgroundDue to the poor healing of superficial malignant tumor ulcer wounds, patients suffer great pain and significantly reduced quality of life. Related research shows that oxygen therapy can reduce wound bleeding and promote wound healing.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the therapeutic effect of nano-silver antibacterial dressing combined with high-flow oxygen therapy on surface malignant tumor ulcers.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, 64 patients with superficial malignant tumors and ulcer infection were included and divided into the research group and the control group, with 32 cases in each group. After conventional debridement, the control group was treated with vaseline dressing, while the research group was treated with nano-silver medical antibacterial dressing combined with high-flow oxygen therapy. Both groups were treated for 7 days. The frequency of dressing change and the number of times of blood oozing between the two groups after treatment were recorded. The pain, clinical efficacy, and levels of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.ResultsThe dressing changes and blood oozing were less frequent in the research group compared with the control group. The pain score and the levels of PCT and CRP in the research group were lower than those in the control group. The overall response rate was significantly higher in the research group as compared to the control group. All the above differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionNano-silver medical antibacterial dressing combined with high-flow oxygen therapy can reduce the frequency of dressing changes in patients, relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and accelerate the healing of superficial malignant tumor ulcer wounds.

Curcumalonga aqueous extract: A potential solution for the prevention of corneal scarring as a result of pterygium surgical excision (Review).

Curcumin has been used since ancient times as a treatment for a wide range of pathologies. For centuries, it has been considered to be an effective aid for common human diseases. Curcumalonga has been reported to possess various beneficial properties and actions, including anti‑inflammatory, proapoptotic, antiangiogenic and cortisone‑like actions. Pterygium is a degenerative disorder of the conjunctiva indicative of a strong inflammatory condition that requires surgical treatment, which often results in disfiguring sclerocorneal scars. The delay in the healing of superficial corneal wounds caused by topical administration of light‑cortisone results in improved restoration of corneal functions and anatomy compared with physiological healing processes. The present review is focused on the medicinal properties of curcumin, the main component of Curcumalonga extract, in particular its strong cortisone‑like effect, and its potential use for the prevention and treatment of sclerocorneal scars resulting from pterygium surgical excision.

Epidermal Regeneration Induced by Comfrey Extract: A Study by Light and Electron Microscopy

Introduction: An accelerated healing of superficial wounds was demonstrated in clinical trials with a topical comfrey preparation (Symphytum × uplandicum Nyman). The effect has previously not been examined in skin models. Methods: An established in vitro model of epidermal cells with the typical strata was used for the observation of effects of applied substances on skin regeneration. Damage corresponding to a typical abrasion was created on day 1 by punching an opening into the epidermal fine structure down to the stratum basale. Samples were either untreated (controls) or exposed to comfrey cream on days 2, 3, 5, and 6. Tissue samples were taken for light and electron microscopy on days 1, 4, and 7. Results and Conclusions: Application of comfrey cream led to a quicker regeneration of skin cells and to an earlier differentiation of the cells towards a normal fine structure with a visible distinction of epidermal strata, keratin, and corneocyte formation within 4–7 days. The study covered the early days of skin regeneration and confirms the benefits observed in published clinical trials and non-interventional studies in patients with abrasions.

Cold atmospheric plasma promotes different types of superficial skin erosion wounds healing.

Superficial skin erosion wounds are very common in the clinic, and conventional treatments are not always effective; thus, effective and novel therapy is needed. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been recognised as a promising approach to wound healing. The purpose of this study is to show the potential clinical application of CAP for the healing of different kinds of superficial skin wounds. Seven patients with different kinds of superficial skin wounds (two patients with pyoderma gangrenosum, two patients with trauma would, one patient with giant genital wart, one patient with diabetic foot, and one patient with chronic eczema) were recruited to this study. All patients accepted and received CAP treatment every other day till the wound healed. The expected results were complete wound healing after CAP treatment. All patients achieved complete wound healing after several rounds (range from two to eight) of CAP treatment, and there was no side effect observed. CAP may provide a new and effective choice to solve the problem of the healing of superficial wounds that are not only caused by trauma but also because of eczema. CAP has certain value in the treatment of superficial skin diseases in the future.

Betulin wound gel accelerated healing of superficial partial thickness burns: Results of a randomized, intra‐individually controlled, phase III trial with 12‐months follow‐up

ObjectiveAcceleration of wound healing promises advantages for patients and caregivers in reducing the burden of disease, avoiding complications such as wound infections, and improving the long-term outcome. However, medicines that can accelerate wound healing are lacking. The objective of this open, blindly evaluated, randomized, multicenter phase III study was to compare intra‐individually the efficacy and tolerability of Oleogel‐S10 with fatty gauze dressing versus Octenilin® wound gel with fatty gauze dressing in accelerating the healing of superficial partial thickness burn wounds. MethodsAcute superficial partial thickness burn wounds in adults caused by fire, heat burn or scalding were divided into 2 halves and randomly assigned to treatment with Oleogel‐S10 or Octenilin® wound gel. Photos for observer‐blinded analysis of wound healing were taken at each wound dressing change. Percentages of reepithelialization were assessed at defined intervals. Efficacy and tolerability were evaluated based on a 5‐point Likert scale. ResultsOf 61 patients that were enrolled, 57 received the allocated intervention and 48 completed treatment. The percentage of patients with earlier wound healing was significantly higher for Oleogel‐S10 (85.7%, n=30) compared to Octenilin® wound gel (14.3%, n=5, p<0.0001). The mean intra‐individual difference in time to wound closure was −1.0 day in favour of Oleogel‐S10 (−1.4, −0.6; 95% CI, p<0.0001). Most investigators (87.0%) and patients (84.8%) evaluated the efficacy of Oleogel‐S10 to be ‘better’ or ‘much better’ than that of Octenilin® wound gel. Long-term outcome 3 months and 12 months post injury was improved in some patients. ConclusionsOleogel‐S10 (Episalvan) significantly accelerated the healing of superficial partial thickness burn wounds. It was safe and well tolerated.

112 - Human mesenchymal stromal cells administered after radiotherapy and surgery in a soft tissue sarcoma mouse xenograft model do not promote local recurrence or metastasis

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue regeneration. We are investigating the potential of MSCs to overcome the morbidity of delayed wound healing after standard of care surgery and involved field irradiation for soft tissue sarcomas (STS). We previously showed that MSCs facilitate the healing of irradiated deep and superficial wounds in a rat model. We next assessed the safety of MSCs in the setting of residual cancer. We studied the effect of MSCs on proliferation, recurrence and metastasis of human STS in vitro and in vivo in a NOD/SCID/γc null mouse xenograft model. We isolated primary human STS cells and gene marked available permanent STS lines that we co-cultured or co-injected with or without MSCs. Tumor cell proliferation and growth were evaluated by flow cytometry and bioluminescence imaging, respectively. We demonstrated that MSCs do not affect the proliferation of STS lines in vitro and in vivo. In vitro proliferation assayed by CFSE showed that doubling times of fibrosarcoma and primary undifferentiated sarcoma (PUS) lines were comparable with and without MSCs (22 hr vs. 23 hr, p = 0.7 and 25 hr vs. 26 hr, p = 0.5, resp). No difference in bioluminescence emission was observed for fibrosarcoma or PUS co-cultured with and without MSCs for 7 days (4.8 × 107 p/s/cm2/sr vs. 5.9 × 107 p/s/cm2/sr p = 0.7 and 5.3 × 105 p/s/cm2/sr vs. 5.9 × 105 p/s/cm2/sr p = 0.6, resp.), and the in vivo co-injection model also confirmed no direct proliferative potential of MSCs on either fibrosarcoma or PUS (1.2 × 109 p/s/cm2/sr vs. 9.7 × 108 p/s/cm2/sr p = 0.4, and 3.6 × 108 p/s/cm2/sr vs. 3.9 × 108 p/s/cm2/sr p = 0.9, respectively). Administration of MSCs after radiotherapy and surgical removal in the pre-established fibrosarcoma xenograft model had no effect on local recurrence (4.1 × 108 p/s/cm2/sr vs. 5.9 × 108 p/s/cm2/sr, p = 0.4) or metastasis (2.0 × 1011 p/s vs. 2.7 × 1011 p/s, p = 0.36) of the tumor compared with control animals. Both MSC treated and control groups showed metastatic tumor nodules in axillary lymph nodes, liver and kidney to the same extent 3 weeks after surgery. Our preclinical data showed that MSCs did not stimulate tumor cells and suggest that an early phase clinical trial to assess safety and determine preliminary evidence of efficacy with MSCs after standard of care therapy for STS is warranted.

Aquaporin-3 mediates hydrogen peroxide-dependent responses to environmental stress in colonic epithelia

The colonic epithelium provides an essential barrier against the environment that is critical for protecting the body and controlling inflammation. In response to injury or gut microbes, colonic epithelial cells produce extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which acts as a potent signaling molecule affecting barrier function and host defense. In humans, impaired regulation of H2O2 in the intestine has been associated with early-onset inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Here, we show that signal transduction by H2O2 depends on entry into the cell by transit through aquaporin-3 (AQP3), a plasma membrane H2O2-conducting channel. In response to injury, AQP3-depleted colonic epithelial cells showed defective lamellipodia, focal adhesions, and repair after wounding, along with impaired H2O2 responses after exposure to the intestinal pathogen Citrobacter rodentium Correspondingly, AQP3-/- mice showed impaired healing of superficial wounds in the colon and impaired mucosal innate immune responses against C. rodentium infection, manifested by reduced crypt hyperplasia, reduced epithelial expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, and impaired bacterial clearance. These results elucidate the signaling mechanism of extracellular H2O2 in the colonic epithelium and implicate AQP3 in innate immunity at mucosal surfaces.

Modelling the immune system response to epithelial wound infections

In this paper, a cell-colony based formalism for the healing of superficial wounds is presented. The paper incorporates the migration, proliferation, and death of constituent cells, in the context of wound healing. The present study considers wound healing under ischemic conditions where a bacterial infection develops, which impairs the motility of the constituent cells. In this work, the performance of the immune response system is incorporated in the sense that migrating leukocyte are modelled which engulf the infectious pathogens. The model is based on both deterministic and stochastic principles. Simulation results are discussed in a biological context.

To determine effect of low intensity galvanism in tinea pedis culture from patients of athletic foot – an experimental study

Background: Athlete's foot or tinea pedis is a contagious fungal infection, commonly affecting the skin of soles of feet and the interdigital spaces. It can be transferred through either direct contact or via exchange of items like shoes and clothing with the affected person. Recent researches have demonstrated a high incidence of this infection among athletes. In case of fungal infections antifungal drugs have been tried. Researches shown alternative treatment which are equally effective and causes minimal side effects like electrostimulation. But evidences are lacking regarding parameters of milliampere direct current which can be employed to promote healing of superficial skin infection and wounds.

Treatment of Oral Mucosal Lesions by Scalpel Excision and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane Grafting: A Review of 26 Sites

One of the preferred treatment options for oral mucosal lesions (eg, leukoplakia and lichen planus) is excision, with or without the use of a coverage agent. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes are popular fibrin scaffolds with entrapped platelets that release various growth factors and cytokines to support and enhance wound healing. The aim of the present report was to describe the technique, postoperative wound care, and clinical results of PRF membrane grafting after excision of superficial potentially malignant oral lesions. Autologous PRF membrane was fabricated and grafted over 26 wounds created by excision of small, superficial, potentially malignant lesions of oral mucosa (or fiberotomy in cases of oral submucous fibrosis) and assessed clinically at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days. Healing was satisfactory in all cases, with minimal and manageable complication at 1 site. The results of the present study suggest that PRF membrane is a successful coverage agent that aids in the healing of superficial oral mucosal wounds. Additional comparative studies are required to establish its efficacy compared with that of other agents.

Skin Electroporation of a Plasmid Encoding hCAP-18/LL-37 Host Defense Peptide Promotes Wound Healing

Host defense peptides, in particular LL-37, are emerging as potential therapeutics for promoting wound healing and inhibiting bacterial growth. However, effective delivery of the LL-37 peptide remains limiting. We hypothesized that skin-targeted electroporation of a plasmid encoding hCAP-18/LL-37 would promote the healing of wounds. The plasmid was efficiently delivered to full-thickness skin wounds by electroporation and it induced expression of LL-37 in the epithelium. It significantly accelerated reepithelialization of nondiabetic and diabetic wounds and caused a significant VEGFa and interleukin (IL)-6 induction. IL-6 was involved in LL-37-mediated keratinocyte migration in vitro and IL-6 neutralizing antibodies delivered to mice were able to suppress the wound healing activity of the hCAP-18/LL-37 plasmid. In a hindlimb ischemia model, electroporation of the hCAP-18/LL-37 plasmid increased blood perfusion, reduced muscular atrophy, and upregulated the angiogenic chemokines VEGFa and SDF-1a, and their receptors VEGF-R and CXCR-4. These findings demonstrate that a localized gene therapy with LL-37 is a promising approach for the treatment of wounds.

Aloe vera: an in vitro study of effects on corneal wound closure and collagenase activity

To evaluate the in vitro effects of an aloe vera solution on (i) the viability and wound healing response of corneal cells and (ii) the ability to alter collagenase and gelatinase activities. Primary cultures of corneal epithelial cells and fibroblasts were prepared from grossly normal enucleated canine globes and treated with an aloe solution (doses ranging from 0.0-2 mg/mL). Cellular viability was evaluated using a colorimetric assay. A corneal wound healing model was used to quantify cellular ingrowth across a defect made on the confluent surface. Anticollagenase and antigelatinase activities were evaluated by incubating a bacterial collagenase/gelatinase with aloe solution (doses ranging from 0.0-500 μg/mL) and comparing outcome measures to a general metalloproteinase inhibitor, 1, 10-phenanthroline, and canine serum (doses ranging from 0.0-100%). None of the concentrations of aloe solution tested significantly affected the viability of corneal epithelial cells or fibroblasts. Concentrations ≤175 μg/mL slightly accelerated corneal epithelial cell wound closure; this change was not significant. Concentrations ≥175 μg/mL significantly (P ≤ 0.001) slowed the rate of corneal fibroblast wound closure, while aloe concentrations <175 μg/mL did not significantly alter fibroblast wound closure. Aloe solution did not alter the ability for collagenase to degrade gelatin or collagen Type I but increased the ability for collagenase to degrade Type IV collagen. Although additional experiments are required, lower concentrations of aloe solution may be beneficial in healing of superficial corneal wounds to help decrease fibrosis and speed epithelialization. An increase in collagenase activity with aloe vera warrants further testing before considering in vivo studies.

Preliminary Characterization of Genipin-Cross-Linked Silk Sericin/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films as Two-Dimensional Wound Dressings for the Healing of Superficial Wounds

The genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films were developed aiming to be applied as two-dimensional wound dressings for the treatment of superficial wounds. The effects of genipin cross-linking concentration on the physical and biological properties of the films were investigated. The genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/PVA films showed the increased surface density, tensile strength, and percentage of elongation, but decreased percentage of light transmission, water vapor transmission rate, and water swelling, compared to the non-cross-linked films. This explained that the cross-linking bonds between genipin and silk sericin would reduce the mobility of molecular chains within the films, resulting in the more rigid molecular structure. Silk sericin was released from the genipin-cross-linked films in a sustained manner. In addition, either L929 mouse fibroblast or HaCat keratinocyte cells showed high percentage of viability when cultured on the silk sericin/PVA films cross-linked with 0.075 and 0.1% w/v genipin. The in vivo safety test performed according to ISO 10993-6 confirmed that the genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/PVA films were safe for the medical usages. The efficacy of the films for the treatment of superficial skin wounds will be further investigated in vivo and clinically. The genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/PVA films would be promising choices of two-dimensional wound dressings for the treatment of superficial wounds.

Lactate stimulates angiogenesis and accelerates the healing of superficial and ischemic wounds in mice

Wounds notoriously accumulate lactate as a consequence of both anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis following microcirculation disruption, immune activation, and increased cell proliferation. Several pieces of evidence suggest that lactate actively participates in the healing process through the activation of several molecular pathways that collectively promote angiogenesis. Lactate indeed stimulates endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro, as well as the recruitment of circulating vascular progenitor cells and vascular morphogenesis in vivo. In this study, we examined whether the pro-angiogenic potential of lactate may be exploited therapeutically to accelerate wound healing. We show that lactate delivered from a Matrigel matrix improves reperfusion and opposes muscular atrophy in ischemic hindlimb wounds in mice. Both responses involve lactate-induced reparative angiogenesis. Using microdialysis and enzymatic measurements, we found that, contrary to poly-L-lactide (PLA), a subcutaneous implant of poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) allows sustained local and systemic lactate release. PLGA promoted angiogenesis and accelerated the closure of excisional skin wounds in different mouse strains. This polymer is FDA-approved for other applications, emphasizing the possibility of exploiting PLGA therapeutically to improve wound healing.

Locally Produced Microbial Cellulose Dressing from Acetobacter xylinum Compared with Silver Sulfadiazine Cream for Patients with Acute Superficial Partial Thickness Burn Wounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of microbial cellulose (MCD) dressing from Acetobacter xylinum in promoting healing of superficial partial thickness burn wounds to standard dressing using silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream and gauze in terms of the following: time to healing, pain score, scarring and infection rate. Population: Subjects included patients seen at the ATR Burn Center UP-PGH from February 2008 to December 2010. Patients were 18- 50 years of age with&lt;40% TBSA, acutely injured (≤ 48 hours) and with no uncontrolled medical condition. Pregnant patients were excluded. Methods: Each subject served as his own control, wherein burn wounds were randomized into 2 types of wound dressing. Wounds were assessed by a lone plastic surgeon blinded to all treatments. Results: Forty-five patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were seen and treated at the ATR Burn Center of the UP-PGH. Wounds dressed with MCD healed more rapidly compared to those dressed with SSD. The mean healing days were 8.51 and 12.07 for MC and SSD (P&lt;0.05). Only 29 subjects were able to return on the 30th post burn day for assessment of scarring. Conclusion: Locally produced MCD is more efficacious compared to SSD in the treatment of SPT burns in terms faster healing and lower VAS scores. Key words: superficial partial thickness burn, Acetobacter xylinum

In Vitro “Wound” Healing: Experimentally Based Phenomenological Modeling

AbstractWe discuss the applicability of some elementary models for the closure of in vitro “wounds” that are inflicted in monolayer cell cultures (also termed “wound healing assays”). These models can be applied to the simulation of healing of superficial wounds as long as they only concern the epidermis. We test several models that are based on a curvature driven displacement, a simple partial differential equation based model in which the actual cellular density is tracked. Finally, a semi‐stochastic cellular based model is evaluated.