Lonicera Caerulea Research Articles

Dietary Anthocyanin-rich Haskap Phytochemicals Inhibit Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia in Rats

Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) fruit contains some bioactive phenolic phytochemicals, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside (cy3-glc) and chlorogenic acid. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anthocyanin-rich phenolic phytochemical (containing 13.2% anthocyanin) purified from a Haskap fruit (named Haskap phytochemical) on postprandial serum triglyceride and blood glucose levels. The Haskap phytochemical (containing cy 3-glc at 300 mg/kg of body weight) was administered orally to rats fasted for 24 h and 30 min later, a corn oil emulsion was administered to these rats. After the administration, serum triglyceride concentration was measured. An increase in serum triglyceride concentration and the AUC significantly lowered in the Haskap phytochemical-administered group than in the saline-administered group. To evaluate the effect of serum glucose levels, the Haskap phytochemical was orally administered to rats fasted for 24 h and sucrose solution (2 g/kg of body weight) was administered to these rats after 30 min. After the administration, blood glucose level was measured. The Haskap phytochemical significantly reduced the increase in blood glucose levels and AUC in the Haskap phytochemical-administered group than in the saline-administered group. Furthermore, to investigate the long-term effects of Haskap phytochemical intake, high-fat diet (HF diet) with 1.5% or 3.0% Haskap phytochemical was administered to rats for four weeks. The investigation of chronological changes in the serum components of the rats fed HF diets in addition to the administration of Haskap phytochemical showed that the increase in serum triglyceride concentrations, total cholesterol concentrations and blood glucose were significantly suppressed compared to the HF diet-fed control (HF-control). These results suggest that the decrease in postprandial blood lipids and blood glucose by short or long-term Haskap phytochemical ingestion is due to anthocyanin and other polyphenols contained in the Haskap phytochemical.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography for determination of the terpenes profile of blue honeysuckle berries

Terpenes are the main group of secondary metabolites, which play essential role in human. The establishment of the terpenes profile of berries of different blue honeysuckle cultivars was achieved by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC×GC-TOFMS). The berries were found to contain 44 terpenes identified by GC×GC-TOFMS. From these, 10 were previously reported in blueberries. According to their chemical structure, the compounds were organised in different groups: monoterpene hydrocarbons and monoterpene oxygen-containing compounds (oxides, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones). Positive identification of some of the compounds was performed using authentic standards, while tentative identification of the compounds was based on deconvoluted mass spectra and comparison of linear retention indices (LRI) with literature values. The major components of volatile fraction were monoterpenes, such as eucalyptol, linalool and p-cymene. Furthermore, quantitative analysis showed that eucalyptol was the most abundant bioactive terpene in analysed berries (12.4–418.2μg/L).

Effects of oral administration of Lonicera caerulea berries on UVB-induced damage in SKH-1 mice. A pilot study

Solar ultraviolet radiation is a major environmental factor that has serious adverse effects on the structure and function of the skin. Although the UVB waveband (295-315 nm) represents only 5-10% of incoming UV light, it is very damaging to the skin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lonicera caerulea berries on UVB-induced damage to SKH-1 hairless mice. Mice were fed a L. caerulea berry-enriched diet (10%, w/w) for 14 days before a single UVB (1000 mJ cm(-2)) treatment. Effects on health status, antioxidant enzyme activity and expression, and DNA damage were evaluated. The bioavailability of L. caerulea phenolic components was also assessed. We found that feeding with L. caerulea berries prevented a decrease in catalase activity and stimulated NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1, heme oxygenase-1, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase catalytic and modulatory subunit expression in UVB exposed mice. Administration of the L. caerulea berry-enriched diet led to an increase in UVB-reduced interleukin-17 levels and a decrease in keratinocyte-derived chemokine protein expression that was enhanced after UVB treatment. Further, L. caerulea berries reduced UVB-induced DNA damage evaluated as number of single strand breaks, cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimer formation and H2AX phosphorylation, a marker of double strand breaks. Taken together, we provide evidence that oral administration of L. caerulea berries to mice affords at least partial protection from the adverse effects of a single UVB exposure via modulation of antioxidant enzyme activity/expression and reduction of DNA damage.

Lonicera caerulea fruits reduce UVA-induced damage in hairless mice

UVA photons are less energetic than UVB photons but they are more abundant in solar radiation. Modern tools have shown that UVA light has serious adverse effects on the skin. We investigated the effect of consuming Lonicera caerulea berries on UVA-induced damage in SKH-1 mice. The mice were fed a diet containing L. caerulea berries (10%, w/w) for 14days before a single UVA (30J/cm2) treatment. Effects on haematological and antioxidant parameters were evaluated 4 and 24h after irradiation. The bioavailability of L. caerulea phenolics was also assessed. Consuming the L. caerulea berry-enriched diet caused reduced malondialdehyde production and increased catalase activity and glutathione levels were found in skin and erythrocytes. UVA-induced NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase-1 and gamma-L-glutamate-L-cysteine ligase protein in skin were reduced in mice fed L. caerulea berries. Enhanced heme oxygenase-1 level in skin, interleukin-17 in plasma and reduced interleukin-12 levels in plasma were found in the mice on the experimental diet. Histological (pyknotic) changes in the nuclei of basal cells induced by UVA exposure were reduced in L. caerulea berry consuming animals. HLPC-MS analysis showed high concentrations of hippuric acid, one of the main metabolites of aromatic amino acids and phenolic compounds, in skin, liver, urine and faeces of mice consuming the berries.Taken together, consumption of L. caerulea berries affords protection from the adverse effects of a single UVA exposure mainly via modulation of antioxidant parameters.

Metabolic Profiling of Phenolic Acids and Oxidative Stress Markers after Consumption of Lonicera caerulea L. Fruit

This study investigated the effect of one-week consumption of 165 g/day fresh blue honeysuckle berries (208 mg/day anthocyanins) in 10 healthy volunteers. At the end of intervention, levels of benzoic (median 1782 vs 4156), protocatechuic (709 vs 2417), vanillic (2779 vs 4753), 3-hydroxycinnamic (143 vs 351), p-coumaric (182 vs 271), isoferulic (805 vs 1570), ferulic (1086 vs 2395), and hippuric (194833 vs 398711 μg/mg creatinine) acids by LC/MS were significantly increased in the urine. Clinical chemistry safety markers were not altered. Oxidative stress markers, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (0.73 vs 0.88 U/g Hb) and catalase (2.5 vs 2.8 μkat/g Hb) activities, and erythrocyte/plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (522 vs 612/33 vs 38 μmol/g Hb/protein) levels were significantly increased, without change in plasma antioxidant status. Nonsignificant changes of advanced oxidation protein products and oxidized LDL were observed. The results provide a solid base for further study of metabolite excretion and antioxidant parameters after ingestion of anthocyanins.

An anthocyanin-rich extract from Kamchatka honeysuckle increases enzymatic activity within the gut and ameliorates abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism in rats

ObjectiveThe berries of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.), including an edible Kamchatka variety (var. kamtschatica Sevast.), are a potential but relatively unknown source of anthocyanins, which are thought to have favorable effects on diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to examine whether the dietary addition of a Kamchatka honeysuckle berry extract (KHBE, 327 mg anthocyanins/g) is able to limit the disorders related to these diseases induced by a high-fructose diet in rats. MethodsThe experiment was conducted using 24 adult male Wistar rats distributed into 3 groups of 8 animals each and fed semipurified casein diets differentiated by the carbohydrate source for 4 wk, as follows: a control cornstarch diet (681 g/kg) or a high-fructose diet (633 g/kg), with or without the addition of KHBE (2 g/kg). ResultsThe mucosal lactase activity in the small intestine was increased in the rats fed the KHBE-containing diet compared with the rats fed the control diet. In the cecal digesta, the dietary KHBE considerably increased bacterial α- and β-glucosidase activity. Furthermore, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance were detected in the rats fed the high-fructose diet. The dietary KHBE normalized the plasma triglyceride concentration and atherogenicity, whereas plasma non-HDL cholesterol, insulin concentration, and insulin resistance were ameliorated to levels comparable with the rats fed the control diet. ConclusionAn anthocyanin-rich Kamchatka honeysuckle berry extract supplemented to an unbalanced diet is able to ameliorate the disturbances in lipid and glucose metabolism that are the fundamental risk factors for CVD and diabetes. Moreover, the extract stimulates enzymatic activity within the gut that seems to be related to the metabolism of polyphenols.

Investigating the elemental composition of a soil-plant system, based on the example of Lonicera caerulea

The concentration of 26 elements in the leaves of blue honeysuckle is reliably measured via SR XRF. The overall content of K and Zn, the concentration of their mobile forms in soils, and their accumulation in the leaves of plants are associated by a positive correlation. The accumulation of elements in the leaves of plants remains relatively stable against a background of a high level of variation in the concentrations of macro- and microelements in the soils of the Altai. Lonicera caerulea is an accumulator of Zn and Cu.

Karyotype traits in Romanian selections of edible blue honeysuckle

Large morpho-anatomical and biochemical variability was evidenced in all Lonicera caerulea L. provenances. The knowledge of chromosome constitution is of basic importance in this context of elevated phenotype heterogeneity and represents a necessary step in breeding programs. The Romanian selections are tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36). Chromosomes are small-sized (

Seimatosporium effusum . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria

Abstract A description is provided for Seimatosporium effusum , a colonizer of living branches and twigs of Lonicera spp. Some information on its economic impacts, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Netherlands, Russia, and Sweden) and hosts ( Lonicera caerulea (branch, twig) and L. tatarica (twig)).

Change in biochemical and morphological characteristics of Lonicera caerulea in tectonically active zone of the Dzhazator River Valley (Altai Mountains)

Local geophysical and geochemical anomalies affect the polymorphism of taste variations, berry shape, and content of some biologically active substances in Lonicera caerulea leaves in the tectonically active Altai Mountains (Dzhazator River basin).

The Effect of Pollinating Insects on Fruiting of Two Cultivars of Lonicera caerulea L.

Abstract In 2004 and 2006-2008, a study was conducted on the effect of pollinating insects on the fruit, seed set, and development of two cultivars of blue honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea (Sevast.) Pojark.: "Atut" and "Duet". The experiment was carried out in south-eastern Poland, at the Experimental Farm of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland. Flowers accessible to pollinating insects throughout the whole flowering period, set fruit at a very high percentage. The study average was 90.57% for "Duet" and 88.08% for "Atut". During self-pollination under isolation, on the other hand, the percentage of fruit-bearing flowers was low. In the case of "Atut" the average was 9.37%, whereas for "Duet" it was 23.85%. Multiple fruits formed from isolated flowers had a 45-50% lower weight, on average, than those developed from flowers accessible to pollinating insects. The pollination mode was found to have a significant effect on the number of seeds produced in the multiple fruit. Flowers which were isolated to prevent insect foraging did develop multiple fruits, characterized by a significantly lower number of seeds. The recent studies confirm that several cultivars should be planted on honeysuckle acreage. The presence of managed pollinators can increase quantity and improve quality of fruit yield in honeysuckle.

The inhibitory effect of plant infusions on selected bacteria

The present study determined the inhibitory patterns of the water and ethanol infusions of garden rhubarb, sea buckthorn, bilberry, blue-berried honeysuckle, black currant and tomato on targeted bacterial species. The larger inhibition zones against more than four different bacterial species were measured in case of ethanol infusions of garden rhubarb root, blue-berried honeysuckle and sea buckthorn. In case of water infusions the stronger inhibitory effect was found for garden rhubarb root, black currant and blue-berried honeysuckle. It was found that L. acidophilus, K. rhizophila and B. subtilis were the most susceptible bacteria in relation of ethanol infusions of studied plants, whereas the growth of K. rhizophila, B. subtilis and C. jejuni were most inhibited by water infusions. In accordance with present in vitro study, we conclude that the garden rhubarb and blue-berried honeysuckle are attractive candidates for food industries as natural antimicrobial additives in foods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ct.61.3.2662

Short Communication: Haskap (Lonicera caerulea): A new berry crop with high antioxidant capacity

Rupasinghe, H. P. V., Yu, L. J., Bhullar, K. S. and Bors, B. 2012. Short Communication: Haskap (Lonicera caerulea): A new berry crop with high antioxidant capacity. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1311–1317. This study evaluated the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content as well as total flavonoid content of three haskap (Lonicera caerulea) cultivars, Borealis, Indigo Gem and Tundra, grown in Saskatchewan in comparison with six other commercial fruits using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, the aluminum chloride colorimetric method and the Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The results indicate that haskap berries, especially cv. Borealis possessed the highest antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents, specifically total flavonoid among tested fruits, and could be used as a promising fruit source of natural antioxidants. The nutritional values of the fruits were also assessed using proximate analysis. Strawberry possessed the highest amount of most minerals and nutrients, whereas the nutritional values for the three haskap cultivars were average.

The antioxidative and antimicrobial properties of the blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.), Siberian rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) and some other plants, compared to ascorbic acid and sodium nitrite

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidative and antimicrobial effects of the ethanol and buffered water infusions of six different plants grown in Estonia, namely Siberian rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.), blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), compared to the food additives ascorbic acid (E300) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2, E250). Additionally, the content of vitamin C and the content of anthocyanins, flavonols and total polyphenols in the studied samples were estimated using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.Of the bacterial species used in present study, gram-positive bacteria were represented by Listeria monocytogenes, Kocuria rhizophila and Bacillus subtilis. Gram-negative foodborne pathogenic bacteria were represented by Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni. Probiotic bacterial species, often used in dairy products, were represented by Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus.The studied plant infusions had both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The highest antioxidative effect in the buffered water infusion was found with the berries of blue honeysuckle. However, in the 30% ethanol infusions the antioxidative effect was the highest with the petioles of the Siberian rhubarb, exceeded only by the ascorbic acid solution with the concentration of 10 mg/ml. Among tested plant infusions, the roots of the Siberian rhubarb exhibited the highest antibacterial effect against all bacterial species assayed.

Protective effect of anthocyanin from Lonicera Caerulea var. Edulis on radiation-induced damage in mice.

The radioprotective effect of anthocyanin extracted from Lonicera caerulea var. edulis (ALC), was studied in ICR mice. Different doses of ALC were intragastrically administered to mice once a day, prior to radiation. After two weeks, the mice received a one-time 5 Gy whole body 60Coγ radiation. The spleen index, thymus index, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissue were measured. Compared with the radiation control group, the levels of MDA in all ALC treated groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, the GSH content, activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver tissue were enhanced significantly (p < 0.05) in all ALC groups. These results demonstrate that ALC may be a potential radioprotector, and a further study of the molecular mechanism is needed for further application.

UV Protective Effect of Anthocyanin Extract from &lt;i&gt;Lonicera caerulea&lt;/i&gt; var. Edulis

In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of anthocyanin extract from Lonicera caerulea var. edulis (LCA) on UVC-induced lipid and protein peroxidation using lecithin and Bull Serum Albumin (BSA) in vitro model. We also investigated the protective effect of anthocyanin on UVC induced cell injury in Spleen lymphocytes of mouse via MTT and comet assays. Peroxidation of lecithin and BSA generated by exposure to UVC radiation was significantly decreased by addition with various concentrations of LCA. Moreover, LCA exhibited an inhibitory effect on DNA damage induced by UVC radiation when compared with the control group, the DNA damage decrease at the LCA concentration of 50-200ug/ml, in comet assay. These results indicate that LCA has certain protective effect to ultraviolet radiation damage.

Chemical Composition and Physical Characteristics of Fruits of Two Cultivars of Blue Honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) in Relation to their Degree of Maturity and Harvest Date

The aim of study was to compare yield, fruit quality, chemical composition and fruits colour of berries of two blue honeysuckle(Lonicera caerulea L.) cultivars of Polish bred ‘Wojtek’ and ‘Brązowa’ collected at the beginning and at the end of harvest season,respectively. On average, ‘Wojtek’ yielded 1565 g per bush, whereas ‘Brązowa’ 1941 g. During the fruit ripening process, considerablechanges were found in the fruit colour. Fruits of both cultivars became darker and their colour changed from green and yellow to redand blue. With the changes in fruit colour, considerable changes in firmness also occurred. Fruit ripening reduced fruit firmness andpuncture resistance. For both genotypes, the berries of late harvest were bigger and richer in soluble solids and total polyphenol, however,they showed decreased firmness, lower acidity, and L-ascorbic acid content. Nevertheless the time of harvest, ‘Wojtek’ berries surpassed‘Brązowa’ fruit regarding soluble solids, titratable acidity and L-ascorbic acid content (for late-crop berries of both cultivars 14.1&gt;12.6%,3.4&gt;2.7 g citric acid 100 g1, and 76&gt;56 mg 100 mL-1. Further, ‘Wojtek’ berries showed higher total polyphenol content (149.30 and183.66 mg∙100 g-1, for early and late ripening fruit, respectively) compared to that of ‘Brązowa’ (125.51 and 175.67 mg 100 g-1). Amongphenolics, anthocyanins made the substantial group ranging from 94.47 mg 100 g-1 (‘Brązowa’ berries of early harvest) to 141.96 mg 100g-1 (late ‘Wojtek’ fruit).

SR XRF Analysis for studying plants in an area of geological heterogeneity

X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation is applied to determine the elemental composition in the leaves of Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O.Schwarz (bush cinquefoil) and Lonicera caerulea subsp. altaica ((Pall.) Gladkova) (blue honeysuckle) growing in a geologically active area. It is found that in the studied period, the total content of microelements increases in the Pentaphylloides fruticosa leaves in the area of geological heterogeneity than that in the control one, and on the contrary, it decreases in Lonicera caerulea. The relationship between Fe/Mn, Ca/Sr, Cu/Zn, and K/Rb ratios and the geochemical and geophysical features of the environment and element accumulation by different types of plants is established. It is noted that two types of bushes under study react differently to changes in the geochemical and geophysical characteristics of the environment.

MALE AND FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT OF BLUE HONEYSUCKLE (LONICERA CAERULEA L.)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on Plant Physiology from Cell to Fruit Production System MALE AND FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT OF BLUE HONEYSUCKLE (LONICERA CAERULEA L.)

Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Polish Blue-Berried Honeysuckle Genotypes by HPLC-DAD-MS, HPLC Postcolumn Derivatization with ABTS or FC, and TLC with DPPH Visualization

In this study, different Polish cultivars of blue-berried honeysuckles (Lonicera caerulea L.), wild and bog bilberry, were analyzed for bioactive compounds. The chemical properties verified included composition of anthocyanins and other polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and profiles of antioxidants by HPLC postcolumn derivatization or TLC. The antioxidant activities of different blue-berried honeysuckle cultivars were similar to that of wild-growing bilberries (ranging from 170 to 417 μmol TE/g dm in ABTS and from 93 to 166 μmol TE/g dm in DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu tests). The major anthocyanin in the blue-berried honeysuckle was cyanidin-3-glucoside, which constituted 84-92% of the total anthocyanins. The TLC and HPLC postcolumn antioxidant profiles indicated that anthocyanins are the major antioxidants in all berries studied. Wild berries and the cultivars of the blue-berried honeysuckles are also a similar source of such minerals as K, Mg, and Ca.