Harvesting Medium Research Articles

The optimisation and standardisation of Indonesian house dust mites allergenic extract as a desensitising agent

Background: The different sequences of the allergen protease can induce different immunogenicity for the development of immunotherapy. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus that has Der p1 as major protein will be developed as local allergen to be immunotherapy for treating rhinitis allergy. Objective: This study aims to optimize and standardize the local Indonesian House Dust Mites Allergenic Extract from the harvesting into the extraction process. Method: The harvesting media used is corn flour placed in certain conditions to produce the mites. After harvesting the flour in different weeks, the flour was extracted and the lipid content and Der p1 assay were measured. Result: The result of the study is that the 3 weeks-harvesting time came higher for those parameters than the other harvesting time (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that the standardized harvesting and extraction process had been developed to produce the standardised Indonesian House Dust Mites Allergenic Extract.

Affecting Biotik and Abiotic Components Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in Kualanamu, North Sumatera

Oyster mushroom (Pleoratus ostreatus) is one of the mushroom species cultivated by residents of Pasar VI Kualanamu Village, Beringin District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. Residents gain knowledge of oyster mushroom cultivation through the training provided. Therefore, researchers are interested in conducting research in Pasar VI Kualanamu Village. The purpose of this study is to determine the biotic and abiotic components that can affect the growth of oyster mushrooms and what efforts need to be made so that they can cultivate oyster mushrooms and increase their production. The research carried out is a type of field research that is descriptive qualitative, namely research that describes existing phenomena by finding patterns of interactive relationships, discovering new theories, describing complex realities and gaining understanding of meaning. In this study, the researcher was involved as a participant observer to further explore the research process carried out. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the biotic and abiotic components that can affect the growth of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are kumbung building materials (mushroom houses), pests in kumbung (mushroom houses), sunlight, water, sterilization of materials (wood powder & bran), soil temperature and humidity, planting and harvesting media

The Analysis of Sediment Transport Using Yang Method, Engelund-Hansen Method, and Bagnold Method in Bah Bolon River, Simalungun Regency of North Sumatera

The development of the construction that changes land use has resulted the decreasing of infiltration and erosion and the increasing of the sedimentation. So, the floated sediment in the river of Bah Bolon can interfere the performance of turbines of Microhydro Power Plant (MHP). The planning of sediment harvesting media requires data of total amount of sediment transport that occurs in the River of Bah Bolon. So the "The Analysis of Sediment Transport in River of Bah Bolon" needs to be done. Based on secondary data, there are two samples in this study. Sediment transport analysis using three methods, namely Yang Method, Method of Engelund and Hansen, and Bagnold Method. The analyzes show the results of the amount of sediment transport. In the first sample, the results of that three method analysis respectively are 1041.23 tons/year; 12.60 tons/year, and 241.63 tons/year. In the second sample, the results of the three method analysis respectively are 1210.36 tons/year; 11.49 tons/year; and 241.63 tons/year. The results were compared with the results of the calculation of Intan (2015) to conclude what method that is best applied in Bah Bolon River. By ratio analysis, Yang Method is the best method compared to other methods that analiyze the total sediment transport in the Bah Bolon River. The author is not recommend using Bagnold Method or Engelund and Hansen Method to calculate the amount of sediment transport in Bah Bolon river.

‘The footage is decisive’: Applying the thinking of Marshall McLuhan to CCTV and police misconduct

This article adapts Marshall McLuhan’s writings on mass media to ubiquitous and universal surveillance systems, looking at surveillance as media. The term ‘broadcast media’ is derived from an agricultural metaphor, a technique of planting. I argue that CCTV systems are an inversion of broadcasting: ‘harvest media’. Drawing on three case studies in which CCTV has been relevant to allegations of police misconduct, I explore how harvest media impacts on cultural and legal perceptions of evidence, truth and deniability.

가래나무(Juglans mandshurica) 톱밥의 첨가량이 느타리버섯의 수량에 미치는 영향

국내에서 자생하는 가래나무 톱밥의 적정 첨가량을 구명하여 기능성 느타리버섯 재배를 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 실험을 실시하였다. 가래나무 톱밥의 수분함량은 4.4%였고, pH는 4.5였다. 총 질소함량은 0.21%였고, 총 탄소함량은 46.0%였으며, C/N율은 219였다. 혼합배지의 pH는 접종전 5.0에서 수확 후 5.6~5.8로 약간 높았으며, 총 질소함량은 수확 후배지에서 증가하였지만, 총 탄소함량은 변화가 없었으며, C/N율은 수확후배지에서 오히려 감소하였다. 무기성분인 CaO, MgO, <TEX>$Na_2O$</TEX> 함량은 접종전보다 수확후배지에서 높았고, <TEX>$K_2O$</TEX> 함량은 오히려 감소하였으나, <TEX>$P_2O_5$</TEX>함량은 변화가 없었다. 균사생육은 가래나무 톱밥이 20% 첨가된 배지에서 빠르고, 첨가량이 증가할수록 균사생육은 느렸다. 자실체 수량은 가래나무 톱밥 10% 첨가시 163 g/850 mL으로 가장 높았다. 갓의 직경과 두께는 가래나무 톱밥 10% 첨가시 가장 높았으며, 갓의 두께와 대의 굵기는 가래나무 톱밥의 비율이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 대의 경도는 가래나무 톱밥 20% 첨가시 가장 높았다. 수확기 자실체의 갓과 대의 L값은 가래나무 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였지만, a, b값은 처리간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 자실체의 <TEX>$P_2O_5$</TEX>, K2O의 함량은 가래나무 톱밥 첨가에서 증가하였지만, CaO, MgO, <TEX>$Na_2O$</TEX> 함량은 거의 차이가 없었다. 자실체의 Cu의 함량은 가래나무 톱밥의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였지만, Fe, Mn, Zn의 함량은 증가하였다. This study was carried out to investigated optimum mixing ratio of Korean natural Juglans mandshurica using as functional plants. Total nitrogen and carbon source of J. mandshurica was 0.21% and 46.0%, respectively and C/N ratio was 219. Total nitrogen source and pH of substrate mixed with J. mandshurica was 2.3~2.9 and 5.0, respectively. The contents of CaO, MgO and <TEX>$Na_2O$</TEX> at J. mandshurica media were higher at harvest media than inoculation media. Mycelial growth was the fastest at J. mandshurica 20%, and slower by increase of J. mandshurica substrate. Yields of fruiting body show the highest to 163 g/850 mL of medium which are addition 10% of J. mandshurica sawdust, and diameter and thick of pileus were the highest, too. The L value of pileus and stipes were increased by increase of J. mandshurica substrate, but there was no significant difference in the a-value and the b-value. The contents of <TEX>$P_2O_5$</TEX> and <TEX>$K_2O$</TEX> of fruiting body were increased at J. mandshurica substrate, but there was no significant difference in contents of CaO, MgO and <TEX>$Na_2O$</TEX>. The contents of Cu of fruiting body was decreased by increase of J. mandshurica substrate, but Fe, Mn and Zn were increased.

Structure/function analysis of interleukin 4: interspecies comparison and site-directed mutagenesis

Interleukin 4 (IL4) has a central role in allergic disease as it is involved in control of secretion of IgE. It is a pleiotropic cytokine which stimulates proliferation of T and B lymphocytes and induces expression of the low affinity IgE receptor (CD23) on the surface of B lymphocytes. The secondary structure of IL4 was recently solved using both nmr and Xray approaches [I]: IL4 was shown to have four major a helices and one short section of double-stranded p pleated sheet. IL4 is thus similar in overall topology to several other haemopoietic cytokines (eg GM-CSF). Initial mutational analysis of IL4 has revealed a possible role for the D helix in signal transduction [2, 31, but the ILWreceptor interaction remains to be fully defined. Murine and human IL4, which show 43% amino acid identity, do not cross-react. Interestingly, the area of greatest sequence divergence (including a 'relative' deletion of 7 amino acids) occurs in the B-C loop region, making this a prime target of interest particularly in terms of species specificity. Recently, bovine 1L4 cDNA was cloned [41. This shows 65% amino acid identity with human IL4, but its biological activity had not been defined. Notably, there was considerable difference in the B-C loop region (including a 'relative' deletion of 17 amino acids). We felt that the intermediate sequence divergence could rapidly yield useful structure/function information if bovine IL4 were tested in biological systems. Bovine and human IL4 were expressed in a HeLa transient system [ 5 ] . Harvest media from this expression system were tested in both a T cell proliferation assay[6) and in a receptor binding assay[7]. In the former, mononuclear cells were separated from peripheral blood by centrifugation through FicollPaque. The cells were cultured for 3 days with 10kg/ml PHA. The PHA-activated T blast celis were then washed and cultured for a further 3 days with serial dilutions of human or bovine IL4.