Harmful Effects Of Tobacco Research Articles

Edukasi Bahaya Rokok Pada Anak Usia Dini di SD Lempeh Sumbawa Besar

Smokers in Indonesia are ranked third in the world. More than 60 million Indonesians smoke. Cigarette consumption in 2008 reached 240 billion cigarettes or 658 million cigarettes per heart. This means money worth around Rp. 330 billion are "burned" by smokers in a day (TCSC-IAKMI, 2012). In Indonesia, 36.2% of boys and 4.3% of girls (i.e. 20.3% of all students) are users of smoked and/or smokeless tobacco. The initial age of smoking initiation for 43.2% was 12-13 years. Of smokers, 81.8% stated that they had tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months. Of the 88.2% of smokers who want to quit, only 24% have received help from a smoking cessation program or professional (WHO-SEARO, 2014). This community service activity was carried out on Saturday, April 18 2024 from 08.30 to 11.00 WITA. The service process is carried out using a collective counseling mechanism using education and socialization methods with lectures and joint discussions. This service also involved 10 fourth semester students. The conclusion of this community service is that by providing education to children about the harmful effects of tobacco, it can increase caregivers' knowledge and it is hoped that caregivers can prevent children from being exposed to cigarette smoke. Other service providers are advised to develop training topics and training models to increase public awareness, especially about smoking prevention.

Comparing the effectiveness of different health education approaches for preventing tobacco use among school-going students in a government school of Dadra and Nagar Haveli district.

Four out of five people who use tobacco begin before they reach adulthood. Schools provide the opportunity to address the young population before they initiate tobacco use. Different health education approaches have their unique merits and demerits. The present study aims to assess the use of various approaches for effective communication with students regarding tobacco hazards. It was a health education intervention study done at a Government School in Dadra and Nagar Haveli district. The students of class IX and class XI of Government School were educated about the harmful effects of tobacco and government regulations against tobacco use using various methods of health education; chalk and talk, panel discussion, roleplay, pamphlet distribution, etc., The Student "t" test was used to compare scores obtained by students before and after the intervention. The Chi-square test was used to test associations between variables. Bonferroni post hoc test was used to test for significant differences between various methods of health education imparted to students. A total of 367 students participated in the study, with females comprising 53% of the sample. The mean age of the students was 15.7 years (±1.05). The study found the magnitude of a statistically significant increase in mean score percentages for knowledge through various health education methods: chalk and talk (37.0%, P < 0.0001), pamphlet (26.65%, P < 0.0001), roleplay (20.83%, P = 0.0003), panel discussion (14.7%, P = 0.0009), poster (12.6%, P = 0.0025), symposium (8.4%, P = 0.0221), and leaflet (-4.0%, P = 0.0382). Furthermore, the Bonferroni post hoc test demonstrated that the chalk-and-talk method was more effective in enhancing knowledge, while the leaflet method was more influential in shaping attitudes. The chalk-and-talk method is the most effective health education method for awareness of tobacco hazards among class IX and XI students. While planning for health education dissemination, the approach should be chosen wisely considering the content to be delivered.

СОСТОЯНИЕ ЗНАНИЙ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ О ФАКТОРАХ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ В ПИЛОТНЫХ РЕГИОНАХ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Significance. To date, there is a high prevalence of risk factors and insufficient awareness of their presence among the population. Identification of persons at risk and preventive counseling are the most important goals of public health. Knowledge of the regional profile of risk factors will provide for a targeted development of preventive programs with due regard to the identified features. The purpose of the study was to determine the current state of knowledge about risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases in the pilot regions of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. A sociological survey was conducted in three pilot regions of the Russian Federation – the Tula Region, the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Crimea, using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 33 questions concerning prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. The sample size equaled to 1,718 respondents. The results were processed in the statistical package SPSS 22.0. Results. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption, high blood sugar (glucose) and high blood pressure had the highest values in the assessment of risk factors. The lowest value was registered for low iodine levels in salt. The results show that the assessment of the impact of a risk factor on own health is significantly lower than abstract knowledge about harmful effects of this risk factor on health. The respondents considered low iodine levels in salt, alcohol consumption, excessive salt intake and smoking to be the least secure risk factors. The study confirms that alcohol consumption is generally considered by the population to be a less significant risk factor than smoking. It is important that only a little more than 20% of the population monitor their blood pressure on a regular basis. Knowledge of the blood glucose (sugar) level is mainly characteristic of women and people over 60 years. Women and people aged 40-59 regularly monitor their sugar intake. Control over this parameter is lower in older people. In relation to the norms of consumption of vegetables and fruit, the female population adheres to a higher level than men, but in general about 60% of the population correctly understand the need to consume an adequate amount of vegetables and fruit. Almost half of the population consider it a necessary norm to walk for at least 1 hour a day. In general, more than 60% of the population believe that they are not well-informed about risk factors. Conclusion. Knowledge about harmful effects of a risk factor does not necessarily result in application of this knowledge in relation to one's own health and behaviour changes. Knowledge about harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol use does not prevent the abuse. The motivation to smoke tobacco cannot be changed only by public awareness campaigns about harmful effects of this risk factor to health. Building awareness should be primarily focused on males. Planning public awareness campaigns, one should pay more attention to rural population. The promotion of iodized salt consumption among all population groups should be strengthened. Scope of application. Developing approaches to raising public awareness regarding prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases at the regional level.

Educational intervention on the harmful effects of tobacco in smoking patients. Medical Clinic 33. Policlínico Luis Augusto Turcios Lima

Educational intervention on the harmful effects of tobacco in smoking patients. Medical Clinic 33. Policlínico Luis Augusto Turcios Lima

Teacher's Perspectives About Tobacco Consumption and Its Prevention Among Students From Western Maharashtra, India: A Qualitative Study.

Background Teachers are role models for students and influential members of society. They are capable of influencing social norms related to tobacco control among students. This background study was planned to understand teachers' opinions and views about factors influencing tobacco use and prevention strategies being used. Methodology We conducted qualitative research on teacher's opinions about tobacco use among students. We chose focus group discussion as our data collection method, as we wanted to observe their personal views on social norms. We involved 70 high school teachers in our study from the Akola district. The data collected from the teachers were organized into various themes interrelated to the objectives. Results The majority of teachers mentioned that the reason for tobacco consumption among children was peer pressure, from observations of older individuals in society, and from TV serials. Some teachers suggested that proper counseling and telling them about the harmful effects of tobacco are useful for prevention. Tobacco's harmful effects and its prevention strategies were not included in the standard curricula of students, which is one of the key barriers. Conclusions There is a need to implement school-based tobacco prevention education programs to reduce the early onset of smoking among students. School authorities must implement the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply, and Distribution) Act, 2003 effectively with the help of the police to prohibit tobacco use among teachers and students.

Assessing the NATIONAL TOBACCO CONTROL PROGRAMME (NTCP) guidelines-based education model in semi-urban school population: An interventional study.

Awareness in semi-urban school population about harmful effects of tobacco use. Hence, the objectives of the present research protocol are to evaluate the incidence of tobacco usage amongst school children and educators, to evaluate the knowledge of students and teachers regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, to educate students and teachers regarding the deleterious effects of tobacco and to evaluate the success of the intervention. This study will be conducted at a semi-urban school located in the Wardha district. A cluster of students and teachers will be selected and will be given a pre-test to assess their knowledge regarding tobacco. The questionnaire will also help in evaluating the total number of participants consuming tobacco. Teachers will be given intervention when the data from the pre-test has been analysed. They will be educated regarding tobacco and its effects on oral health with the use of PowerPoint presentations, posters and models. Activities such as skits, role plays and discussions will be performed. Teachers will be asked to educate the students regarding the same. After the students are educated, they will be given a post-test to evaluate their understanding after the teachers have educated them. Tobacco users will be motivated to complete the cessation of tobacco. A questionnaire comprises 20 questions that are taken from National Tobacco Control Programme (NTPC) guidelines. The proposed study represents a major step towards tobacco cessation amongst semi-urban school population. Overall, the study includes evaluating the knowledge of participants, educating them regarding the harmful effects of tobacco and motivating the participants who are tobacco chewers to complete stoppage of habit. The study will develop a valid and reliable change and would contribute in the development of good oral health. This research will provide in the Indian context, evidence that will underpin better selection in semi-urban schools of the Wardha district. The proposed study represents a major step towards tobacco cessation amongst semi-urban school population. The study will develop a valid and reliable change and would contribute in the development of good oral health.

Does Pictorial and Textual Health Warning Labels on Sugar-sweetened Beverages Effect Consumer Consumption: An Exploratory, Cross-sectional Study

Background: Sugar is considered to be the arch criminal of dental caries, and sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a common source of dietary sugar. It is an established fact that tobacco warning labels efficiently inform customers about the harmful effects of tobacco and enable individuals to reduce consumption. Lessons learnt from tobacco warning labels can be applied to developing and implementing warning labels for SSBs. Aim: To develop pictorial and textual health warning labels for SSBs and assess effectiveness among the study population regarding oral health risks and their readiness to change their consumption pattern. Methodology: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients visiting a Public Dental Hospital in New Delhi. Pictorial and textual warnings for SSBs were developed and assessed for the comprehension and credibility, persuasiveness, and impact of the warning labels by a specially designed questionnaire. Results: More than 80% of the study population found both the warning labels to be easy to understand, believable, and truthful. Pictorial warning labels had very high impact that 96% of the study population was ready to reduce their consumption and more appreciably 29% of the respondents were ready to quit SSB consumption. Similarly, 95% of the study population were ready to reduce their consumption on seeing the textual warning labels (P = 0.12) with 27.5% reporting to completely give up the consumption. Conclusion: Textual and pictorial warnings have desired deterrent impact on the SSB consumers who tend to consume SSBs habitually. It can help us in achieving the sustainable development goals.

Effectiveness of brief counseling (5As): Antenatal tobacco cessation support program among pregnant women availing antenatal care.

It is likely that a pregnant woman is more motivated and receptive to accepting healthy habits and practices if talked about the benefits to the fetus. When explained about the harmful effects of tobacco on the health of the baby, the mother can be encouraged to modify her tobacco consumption habits and work toward quitting tobacco. Our aim was to study the effectiveness of brief counseling (5As)-Antenatal Tobacco Cessation Support Program among pregnant women availing antenatal care (ANC). A quasi-randomized study design was used to conduct the study. The participants were identified by screening during ANC visits, and women consuming tobacco were subjected to detailed history taking and very brief counseling with the help of 5A's framework. We found that Mishri was the commonest form of tobacco consumed by these women. Around 93.33% of the women consume Mishri, followed by 6.66% of women consuming chewing tobacco. The method of brief counseling made an impact in the cessation of tobacco consumption in 13.37% of the study subjects. We conclude that the use of brief counseling and motivational interviewing is feasible in most settings without inhibiting the other important aspects of ANC or disrupting the patient flow.

Awareness on ill effects of tobacco usage among tobacco users.

Tobacco use is reported to increase the chance of a person to get mouth, lip, and lung cancers, chronic bronchitis, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Tobacco-related deaths are reported to occur among almost six million individuals each year. The objective of the study is to assess awareness and perception on ill effects of tobacco usage among tobacco users in a dental institution. A self-administered survey form was distributed among 100 study participants. Google Forms were distributed in an online forum. The questions were related to awareness on ill effects of tobacco usage and perception regarding harmful effects of tobacco among tobacco users. Collected data were analyzed using statistical software. Among the 100 participants, 68% were males and 32% were females. 73% of the participants reported that they were aware that smoking causes lung disease. Graduated participants were more aware that reduced fertility and sexual impotence would develop among men due to tobacco use (Pearson Chi-square value - 29.380; P = 0.01). The present study suggested that even though most of the respondents had adequate knowledge about the effects of tobacco on general health, knowledge about the consequences of tobacco usage was still inadequate.

Prevalence of tobacco consumption and the associated factors among the adults in an urban slum: Findings from the WHO STEPwise survey.

Despite Pakistan's stringent tobacco control policy, its effective implementation has always been a challenge, leading to rising tobacco consumption. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of tobacco consumption and associated risk factors in the adult population of deprived urban areas. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to July 2019, comprising 607 adults residing in the urban squatter settlement of Lahore using a standardized questionnaire, the WHO STEPwise approach. The outcome was current use of tobacco and/or smokeless tobacco daily. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to determine factors associated with smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption. Among 607 participants, about 64% were females, 49.3% were illiterate, 64.9% were currently unemployed, and 47.1% belonged to the low-income group. The prevalence of tobacco smoke was 10.5% (95% CI: 8.07-12.93), and smokeless tobacco consumption was 8.6% (95% CI: 6.38-10.82). Multivariable logistic regression found that smokeless tobacco was more likely among the aged 50-59 years (AOR=4.1; 95% CI: 1.1-13.8) and unemployed (AOR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.1-12.2). Whereas tobacco smoking was more likely among the aged 30-39 years (AOR=5.5; 95% CI: 1.8-16.7), Urdu ethnicity (AOR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.2-7.3), unemployed (AOR=6.6; 95% CI: 2.9-14.9), and never exposed to any media (AOR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.8-17.4). Participants exposed to health warnings were less likely to smoke (AOR=0.02; 95% CI: 0.01-0.05). This study reports a high prevalence of tobacco consumption among adults and calls for effective policy implementation using a multi-pronged approach, including health professionals and media, to spread awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco and endorsement of health warnings on tobacco packaging.

Comparative Characteristics of Tobacco Smoking among Rural Adolescents Aged 15–17 in the Russian Federation in 2001–2002 and 2016–2017

Rationale. Tobacco smoking remains a serious health risk factor both in the world and in Russia. Special attention is paid to the protection of young generations from exposure to smoking and the harmful effects of tobacco. The purpose of the study based on a comparative analysis of the dynamics of tobacco smoking among rural adolescents in 2001-2017, to assess the changes that have occurred and justify proposals to reduce smoking among minors. Materials and methods. A sample of adolescents in each subject of the Russian Federation was formed by multi-stage selection: typological, random and continuous examination. In 20012002, 16 743 rural teenagers (7468 boys and 9275 girls) were interviewed, in 20162017 18 222 teenagers (8208 boys and 10 014 girls). Statistical development of materials was carried out using the computer program Risk Factors (AnkProc). Results. During the period from 20012002 to 20162017, the prevalence of smoking among boys decreased by 2.7 times, and among girls by 3 times. The number of boys who smoked remained higher than the number of girls who smoked (by 2 times). The proportion of teenagers who smoked based on the emerging addiction (like, out of habit, I cant quit) I grew up among both boys and girls. During the period under review, the predominant motive of the first smoking test, both boys and girls, remained curiosity. The age interval of initiation to tobacco smoking has not changed either (from 10 years to 17 years inclusive). The peak of initiation to smoking in 20012002, and in 20162001 boys accounted for up to 10 years inclusive, and among girls for 1314 years. In 20162017, hookah smoking became popular among rural teenagers. The prevalence rates of hookah smoking were 13.5 per 100 boys and 10.3 per 100 girls. 55.7% of boys and 44.9% of girls smoked hookah with tobacco. Hookah smoking was primarily addressed by teenagers who did not smoke (62.0% of boys and 76.0% of girls). Among hookah smokers, 34.3% of boys and 21.2% of girls smoked tobacco products weekly. Conclusion. A comparative analysis showed a significant decrease in the prevalence of smoking among rural adolescent schoolchildren in the Russian Federation.

Smoking and COVID-19: A Bane on Motherhood

AbstractThe harmful effects of tobacco have been well known, studied and advertised, however tobacco is still consumed in different forms by all genders. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy is double trouble, considering the already high-risk state of the pregnant female. Smoking in pregnancy and current COVID-19 scenario poses additional challenge to mother and fetus. Nicotine and toxins including carbon monoxide have been proposed to cause maternal and fetal perilous impacts. More studies are needed to find various abnormalities associated with smoking in pregnancy.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ТАБАКОКУРЕНИЯ СРЕДИ РОССИЙСКИХ ПОДРОСТКОВ ЗА 20 ЛЕТ ХХI ВЕКА

Introduction. To this day, the problem of tobacco smoking among the population remains relevant throughout the world. Since the majority of smokers (about 90%) acquire this habit before the age of 18, WHO believes that special attention should be paid to protecting the younger generation from smoking and the harmful effects of tobacco. For this, it is necessary to conduct research to study the behavior of school-age children. Aim. The aim is to identify the main trends of tobacco smoking among urban teenagers-schoolchildren in the Russian Federation for the period from 1999-2000, 2010-2011 and 2019-2020. Material and methods. A sample of adolescents in each subject of the Russian Federation was formed by multi-stage selection with alternating typological, random and continuous examination. In 1999-2000, 12912 urban teenagers were interviewed, of which 5939 boys and 6973 girls, in 2010-2011 - 15323, of which 6961 boys and 8362 girls, in 2019-2020 - 14084 teenagers, of which 6535 boys and 7549 girls. Statistical development of materials was carried out using the computer program "Risk factors". The Pearson criterion 2 was used to calculate the statistical significance of the differences in indicators. Results and discussion. During the period under review, the prevalence of smoking and daily smoking tended to decrease, both among boys (4.5 times) and among girls (3.2 times). At the same time, if the prevalence of boys who smoked over girls also decreased and by 2019-2020 the proportion of boys and girls who smoked was equal, then among teenagers who smoked daily, the proportion of boys remained, as before, higher than the proportion of girls (1,2 times). The proportion of teenagers who smoked for reasons of emerging addiction ("like", "out of habit", "I can't quit") tended to increase, both among boys and girls. During the period under review, the motive of the first smoking test "curiosity", both boys and girls, retained its primacy. The age interval for introducing urban teenagers- schoolchildren to tobacco smoking has not changed either (from 10 years to 17 years inclusive). However, the "peak" of initiation to smoking in boys moved from the age range up to 10 years inclusive in 1999-2000 and, starting from 2010-2011. and in 2019-2020, for the age range of 13-14 years, for girls, the age range of 13-14 years retained its position as the "peak" of initiation to smoking. Conclusion. A comparative analysis showed a significant decrease in the prevalence of smoking among urban teenage schoolchildren in the Russian Federation.

Učestalost konzumiranja duvana i stavovi studenata zdravstvenih studija o upotrebi duvana u Crnoj Gori - globalno istraživanje studenata zdravstvenih studija u Crnoj Gori

Introduction: Health professionals play a significant role in advising patients on the harmful effects of tobacco on human health and on the ways of abandoning this bad habit. However, tobacco consumption is also a challenge for health professionals themselves, as well as for medical students. Aim: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of smoking among students of health sciences in Montenegro, as well as to examine their attitudes related to tobacco control mechanisms. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Global Health Professions Student Survey, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of Montenegro, in the period between October 2010 and March 2011. Results: In the 30 days preceding the survey, 25% of respondents had used tobacco. During the year preceding the survey, 38% smokers had consumed cigarettes on school premises. Of the respondents, 44.6% of smokers and 52.9% of non-smokers had been taught on the subject of the importance of providing educational material to patients, as a form of support to smoking cessation, but only 35% of smokers and 28% of non-smokers had received formal training on how to instruct patients to give up smoking. A total of 63.7% smokers and 81.7% non-smokers (p &lt; 0.001) expressed the belief that health professionals who smoked cigarettes were less suited to advise patients on smoking cessation. There was a 70% lower probability that sixth year students would support the above stated attitude. Also, there was a 40% lower probability that the same attitude would be supported by students who felt that smoking in restaurants should not be banned in restaurants, and a 50% lower probability that this attitude would be supported by those students who believed that health workers do not need special training in smoking cessation techniques. Conclusion: The study showed that it was necessary to improve the curricula at health sciences faculties and improve formal training on the harmful effects of tobacco on human health, as well as to improve the training for acquiring evidence-based smoking cessation skills, which would have an indirect effect of reducing tobacco use among students.

Co-producing an intervention for tobacco cessation and improvement of oral health among diabetic patients in Bangladesh

BackgroundTobacco consumption is a major risk factor for many diseases including diabetes and has deleterious effects on oral health. Diabetic patients are vulnerable to developing certain oral conditions. So far, no studies have attempted to co-develop a tobacco cessation intervention to be delivered in dental clinics for people with diabetes in Bangladesh.AimTo co-produce a tobacco cessation intervention for people with diabetes for use in dental clinics in Bangladesh.ObjectivesTo assess: (1) tobacco use (patterns) and perceptions about receiving tobacco cessation support from dentists among people with diabetes attending the dental department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) who smoke or use smokeless tobacco (ST) (2) current tobacco cessation support provision by the dentists of the dental department of BIRDEM (3) barriers and facilitators of delivering a tobacco cessation intervention at a dental clinic, and (4) to co-produce a tobacco cessation intervention with people with diabetes, and dentists to be used in the proposed context.MethodsThe study was undertaken in two stages in the dental department of BIRDEM, which is the largest diabetic hospital in Bangladesh. Stage 1 (July–August 2019) consisted of a cross-sectional survey among people with diabetes who use tobacco to address objective 1, and a survey and workshop with dentists working in BIRDEM, and consultations with patients to address objectives 2 and 3. Stage 2 (January 2020) consisted of consultations with patients attending BIRDEM, and a workshop with dentists to co-produce the intervention.ResultAll survey participants (n = 35) were interested in receiving tobacco cessation support from their dentist. We identified important barriers and facilitators to deliver tobacco cessation intervention within dental services. Barriers reported by dentists included lack of a structured support system and lack of training. As a facilitator, we identified that dentists were willing to provide support and it would be feasible to deliver tobacco cessation intervention if properly designed and embedded in the routine functioning of the dental department of BIRDEM. Through the workshops and consultations at stage 2, a tobacco cessation intervention was co-developed. The intervention included elements of brief cessation advice (using a flipbook and a short video on the harmful effects of tobacco) and pharmacotherapy.ConclusionIncorporation of tobacco cessation within dental care for people with diabetes was considered feasible and would provide a valuable opportunity to support this vulnerable group in quitting tobacco.

Acceptability Evaluation of the Use of Virtual Reality Games in Smoking-Prevention Education for High School Students: Prospective Observational Study.

BackgroundAlternative forms of cigarettes, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), are becoming increasingly common among adolescents. Many high schools now provide smoking-prevention education in an attempt to minimize the potential negative health effects and illness burdens e-cigarettes may induce in adolescents. However, it is often difficult to motivate young students to engage with traditional education regarding the harmful effects of tobacco; thus, the development of alternative approaches may be required.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to conduct an acceptability evaluation of educational virtual reality games designed to support smoking-prevention measures. We based the acceptability evaluation on the following two experience types: game-playing and content-learning experiences. The paths by which these experience types affect the intention to abstain from smoking were also examined.MethodsWe applied a prospective observational study design. We developed educational games based on three-dimensional virtual reality technology, in which participants operated joysticks to complete challenge tasks. To increase the possibility of the games fostering motivation to abstain from smoking, the ARCS motivational model (comprising attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) was used as a framework during the games’ design. We measured the participants’ game-playing experiences by inquiring about the strength of the ARCS elements; content-learning experiences were measured using overall knowledge improvement and the perceived persuasiveness of the content. A total of 130 students participated in the program. Study hypotheses for this evaluation were derived from a literature review. We used partial least squares structural equation modeling to examine the proposed hypotheses.ResultsBased on the responses of the students to questionnaire items concerning attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction in the context of the games, most students agreed or strongly agreed that the educational games were motivational, and that their game-playing experiences were positive. Regarding content-learning experiences, there was a significant improvement in knowledge (t129=25.67, P<.001), and most students perceived themselves as being persuaded to abstain from smoking. Attention, relevance, and satisfaction significantly influenced perceived persuasiveness (t=3.19, P<.001; t=4.28, P<.001; and t=3.49, P<.001, respectively); however, confidence did not (t=0.42, P=.67). Perceived persuasiveness, relevance, and satisfaction significantly influenced the intention to abstain from smoking (t=3.57, P<.001). In addition to directly affecting the intention to abstain from smoking, indirect effects were observed from both relevance and satisfaction to intention via perceived persuasiveness (t=2.87, P=.004 and t=2.11, P=.04, respectively). However, intention was not significantly influenced by knowledge improvement.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that the educational games were positively accepted by the participating students. This indicates that the integration of the ARCS framework and persuasive strategies is applicable for smoking-prevention education. We recommend that the games be included as teaching materials for smoking-prevention education.

Improving awareness among teenagers about the “harmful effects of tobacco” and industrial strategies used to promote smoking

Improving awareness among teenagers about the “harmful effects of tobacco” and industrial strategies used to promote smoking

Oral hygiene behaviour and practices of urban slum population: a cross-sectional study

Background: Poor oral hygiene is a major etiological factor for oral diseases. Urban slums are identified as a risk group population as the burden of oral diseases is high among them. So, the aim of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene status among the urban slum population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 480 urban slum people aged between 18 to 75 years. A cluster random sampling method was adopted. Data were collected by structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included information related to patient’s knowledge, attitude, and practices related to their oral hygiene. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.Results: The majority of people brushed their teeth once a daily (58.3%) by using a toothbrush and toothpaste (65%) followed by mishri and charcoal. 81.7% of people did not use any other oral hygiene aid. The majority of people did not use interdental aids, tongue cleaner, mouthwash. The majority of people (72%) know the harmful effect of tobacco still they consume various forms of tobacco. The results showed an acute lack of oral hygiene awareness and practices as well as the effect of poor oral hygiene on systemic health.Conclusions: There is a need to educate the urban slum population regarding proper dental care, oral hygiene methods, and prevention of dental diseases through dentists, outreach programs, effective oral health education, and promotion programs to make healthy individuals and healthy society.

Knowledge and attitude of dental students of Navi Mumbai on tobacco cessation counseling: A cross-sectional study.

Due to the increasing awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco, quite a few tobacco users have shown interest in quitting. But, still there is lack of knowledge, lack of tobacco cessation support, and strong cultural habits which influence their inability to quit. Dentists are less likely to provide tobacco cessation advice and counseling and they feel inadequately prepared to provide tobacco cessation education to their patients as compared to physicians and other health professionals. Furthermore, tobacco cessation counseling is not yet a part of routine dental practice and is not incorporated in the dental curriculum. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of dental students of Navi Mumbai on tobacco cessation counseling. It is a cross-sectional survey-based study. A total of 691 interns and 4th year BDS students were assessed using a structured questionnaire. About 75.3% of the participants claimed that they were not sufficiently trained to provide tobacco cessation counseling. However, 84.2% indicated willingness to counsel their patients regarding the same. About 62.1% felt that the patients do not listen to dental students about quitting and 89.6% of students agreed that counseling patients on tobacco cessation is their duty. Dental students lacked confidence in providing counseling to tobacco users due to lack of knowledge on tobacco cessation counseling. However, majority of the participants were also motivated to undertake special training for counseling. The study highlights the importance of introducing tobacco cessation counseling program in the curriculum of dental students to create awareness about the same and to help dental professionals provide effective tobacco cessation counseling.

Tobacco Cessation is a Challenge During COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global health crisis experienced ever, caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV -2); unfortunately, this pandemic is still progressing, affecting over millions of people worldwide. Evidences have revealed that psychological stress experienced during pandemic is making tobacco users more addictive, therefore to prevent especially youth from harmful effects of tobacco, tobacco cessation is the need of the hour. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to compile evidence-based studies pertaining to tobacco use during COVID-19 pandemic and highlighting the challenges incurred towards successful quit attempts by the tobacco user. Materials and Method: Computerized literature search was performed from December 2019 till June 2020 to select eligible articles from the following databases: PUBMED [MEDLINE], SCOPUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, and COCHRANE DATABASE using specific keywords. The search was limited to articles published as full text in English, which were screened by two reviewers for eligibility. Results: Six studies satisfied our inclusion criteria. Two studies found that tobacco users have achieved successful quitting during lockdown period, and contrary to this three studies suggested that users have become more addictive to smoking due to psychological stress experienced during pandemic. One study suggested current smokers to be higher risk of acquisition of severe disease. Conclusion: Oral physicians should extend extra support to tobacco users to quit by brief or moderate interventions by means of telephonic consultation or video conferencing during this pandemic. In future more studies should be conducted to understand the effect of pandemic on tobacco use pattern.