Hanoi University Research Articles

Perceived Convenience, Social Influence and Household Waste Sorting Behavior of Young Residents: An Empirical Study From a Developing Country

Waste management remains a challenge, especially for developing countries and effective waste separation plays a critical role of reduction in the amount of waste to ensure sustainable development goals. Aiming to investigate the waste sorting behavior of young residents in the second most populous city such as Hanoi, hosting numerous universities and colleges in Vietnam, we conducted an online survey with students from 10 universities in Hanoi via online platform and a sample size of 331 valid responses have been collected. Since we wish to provide insights into young residents’ awareness, knowledge, and behavior about environmental protection and waste separation, the convenience sampling method is employed. The result suggests that five influential factors positively affect young residents’ sorting behavior among which environmental attitude and perceived convenience have a greater impact on young residents’ sorting behavior. The underlying reasons are then discussed to provide policy implications which include environmental science courses as well as regulations on waste sorting at source.

GIẢI PHÁP MỚI HỖ TRỢ PHÁT HIỆN GIAN LẬN TRONG KÌ THI TRỰC TUYẾN

Innovating examining in the direction of promoting technology, and bringing technology into exams is an inevitable trend because it minimizes unnecessary human intervention, approaching the world's examining and evaluation approach. Many universities around the world have been building online training systems to manage learning and organize online exams. This study builds a new monitoring function during the online exam process. A function is implemented on the computer device to detect the temporary exit behavior of candidates. Each time a candidate exits the test, the function will continuously save the screen image of the candidate's device in real time on the server. The images are saved as a basis for determining whether the contestant has cheated or not. The function is practically implemented in the subjects of 23 classes with about 1500 students from the 2021 to 2024 school year at Hanoi University of Education and gives accurate results in identifying cheating behavior of candidates with the rates according to school years being 40%, 19.37%, and 2.9%.

Challenges of Translating Idiomatic Expressions: A Cross-Linguistic Analysis at a University in Hanoi, Vietnam

This study investigates the challenges students face when translating idiomatic expressions between English and Vietnamese and explores how linguistic and cultural factors influence the translation process. Utilizing a combination of translation task analysis and focus group discussions, the research reveals that students frequently rely on literal translations, resulting in inaccurate or nonsensical outcomes due to their inability to grasp the figurative meanings of idioms. Cultural mismatches, particularly the absence of equivalent expressions in Vietnamese, further complicate translation efforts, leading to significant misunderstandings. Additionally, linguistic barriers, such as syntactic differences between English and Vietnamese, hinder students' ability to produce natural and accurate translations of idiomatic expressions. The findings emphasize the critical role of cultural knowledge and syntactic flexibility in effective idiomatic translation. To address these challenges, the study recommends that translation training programs place greater emphasis on idiomatic understanding and cross-cultural competence. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on idiomatic translation by highlighting the interplay of linguistic and cultural factors and suggesting strategies to enhance translation accuracy.

Robust knowledge transfer for bearing diagnosis in neural network models using multilayer maximum mean discrepancy loss function

Abstract This paper introduces a robust transfer learning method to enhance bearing diagnosis, particularly in cross-machine scenarios. The method trains a shallow neural network using labeled data from a different machine and unlabeled data from the target monitoring machine. To facilitate effective knowledge transfer, a multilayer maximum mean discrepancy loss function is employed, enabling the model to adapt learned features from the source machine to the target machine’s unlabeled data. This approach addresses the challenges of low accuracy and robustness often seen in transfer learning, especially when dealing with different machines. Experiments conducted on the Hanoi University of Science and Technology bearing dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show significant improvements in prediction accuracy and robustness, making this method superior to existing transfer learning models for cross-machine bearing diagnosis.

The Impact of Feedback on First-Year University Students' Writing Development: A Study at A University in Hanoi, Vietnam

This study investigates the impact of feedback on the writing development of first-year university students, employing a mixed-methods approach to provide a comprehensive analysis. The quantitative phase involved pre- and post-tests of 118 students, revealing significant improvements in coherence, clarity, grammar, and overall writing quality. The paired samples test results showed mean differences of -2.076 for coherence, -1.983 for clarity, -0.441 for grammar, and -2.119 for overall quality, all with p-values of 0.000, indicating substantial enhancements due to the feedback intervention. The qualitative phase explored students' perceptions of feedback through surveys and semi-structured interviews with 20 students. Findings indicated that detailed, constructive, and timely feedback positively influenced students' motivation, engagement, and reduced writing anxiety. Conversely, vague or overly critical feedback had detrimental effects on these aspects. This study provides valuable insights into the feedback mechanisms that best support first-year students' writing development, offering evidence-based recommendations for educators to enhance teaching strategies and improve academic outcomes.

Factors Affecting Learner Autonomy in EMI Studying of English-Major Students at some Economics Universities in Hanoi, Vietnam

This paper aims to synthesize and analyze factors affecting learner autonomy in EMI learning and proposes effective solutions to eliminate existing issues related to learner autonomy. Employing a quantitative method, the sample for this study consisted of 224 Business English majors enrolled in the top three economics universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, including National Economics University (NEU), Foreign Trade University (FTU), and Thuongmai University during the academic year 2023-2024. The findings showed that some factors such as motivation, attitude, learning strategies, and English proficiency have a significant impact on learner autonomy in EMI learning, especially motivation, which has the strongest positive influence. Teachers, teaching methods, and learning materials motivate and develop students' learning autonomy. Moreover, the findings also revealed that learning culture might have the least influence on how students control their learning. From these findings, students can recognize which factors actively support their learning autonomy in EMI learning or likely hinder their understanding. These findings recommended that students, teachers, and universities implement specific solutions for nurturing and developing learner autonomy in EMI classrooms and university learning environments.

Assessment on the awareness and attitude about waste recycling in three Vietnamese universities in the framework of GREENUS project

Abstract GREEN waste management new edUcation System for recycling and environmental protection in Asia (GREENUS) is a project funded by the European Union to develop the technical capabilities of the younger generations in the waste management sector in Vietnam, enhancing the fundamental role of universities. As a part of the GREENUS project, this study aims to investigate the level of awareness and attitude of the Vietnamese universities about waste recycling and the impact of the project activities. Data were gathered from a questionnaire, which was distributed to three universities in Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Can Tho University, and Hanoi University of Science and Technology) for three months in 2023. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that Professors/lecturers as well as older people have higher level of awareness and appear more inclined to engage in waste separation. In addition, females express more willingness to participate in the separate collection of waste for recycling than males. Regarding small electronic devices, the majority replace their mobile phones within three to five years due to damage, while laptops tend to have a longer lifespan, often exceeding five years. Furthermore, the majority of respondents (over 70%) find the GREENUS initiative effective in enhancing their awareness of the importance of proper waste management. They believe that the initiative is valuable since it simply explains why appropriate waste management is everyone responsibility, provides new knowledge on waste management techniques and inspires/motivates people to handle waste correctly. The study can represent a good source of references for suggesting practical policies that spread a new recycling culture, promoting the use of innovative waste collection and recycling systems in the Universities.

Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên sau khi tốt nghiệp: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm tại các trường đại học trên địa bàn thành phố Hà Nội

This study aims to investigate the influence of factors on the entrepreneurial intentions of students after graduation. This study conducted a survey of 388 students studying at universities in Hanoi (Vietnam) from January 2023 to March 2023. The PLS- SEM model is used to test the research hypotheses and proposed research model. Research results show that the Capital factor has the strongest influence on students’ intention to start a business after graduation, followed by Perceived behavioral control, then Attitude, Knowledge and experience. Subjective standards and finally the Entrepreneurship education factor. Based on the results of this analysis, relevant organizations such as ministries, departments, and universities can provide appropriate solutions to arouse and promote students’ entrepreneurial intentions after graduation.

Developing Students’ Digital Skills: A Case Study at Hanoi University of Science and Technology

The research was undertaken to evaluate the level of digital skills of 196 students from Hanoi University of Science and Technology. Findings show that students demonstrate a good understanding and grasp of necessary digital skills, especially locating information and communication skills. However, digital content creation skills and digital empathy skills need improvement. Results indicate no significant difference in digital skills between genders, fields of study, and internet usage per day. However, the level of digital skills tends to decrease slightly from the first to the fourth year, indicating that students are becoming more aware of the need to continuously learn and develop digital skills. Some solutions proposed to enhance students' digital skills over the course of their degree include: integrating specialized courses and workshops into the already existing training program; continuously offering courses on new technologies; enhancing university facilities and technology; integrating real-world projects and internship opportunities to boost digital skills; and developing tools and courses that allow students to self-assess their digital skills and receive feedback from teachers who can support them in improving their capabilities.

SMART CLASSROOMS AND SMARTCLASS SOFTWARE IN LEARNING INTERPRETATION AT A UNIVERSITY IN VIETNAM

Recently, smart classrooms (SCs) and technological applications have been paid much attention and invested to create a modern learning environment at many educational institutions, especially at tertiary level. This study aims to explore how SCs and Smartclass (SC) software affect students’ interpretation learning at the School of Languages and Tourism (SLT), Hanoi University of Industry (HaUI). Data were achieved through survey questionnaires with 54 English majored students with the interpretation orientation of Tourism and Business and two focus group interviews (one with 5 students and another with 5 lecturers). The questionnaire was adapted and developed from the studies by Li et al. (2015) and MacLeod et al. (2018). The findings revealed students’ and lecturers’ positive viewpoints on utilizing SCs and SC software in learning interpretation since it helped them increase motivation, sustain autonomous study, develop learning interaction, and most importantly enhance their interpreting skills including time-management, public speaking, deciphering and message delivery skills. The results also indicated some shortcomings and suggestions to improve the quality of teaching and learning at SCs, exploit SC software as well as achieve better learning experience of interpretation. In addition, some implications and recommendations were also discussed.

Numerical Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Analysis of Toroidal Propeller Designs

Drones have a major drawback which prevents them from being used extensively - the excessive noise they produce. This article presents an optimization process of aerodynamic noise reduction for a novel design called the Toroidal Propeller, which consists of two blades looping joined in a manner where the end of one blade arches back into the other, has been designed by the Aerospace Propulsion Systems (APSs) research team at School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology. In addition, four toroidal propellers with different curved shapes (pitch) and Number of Blades (NOB) are considered. The goal of this research is to evaluate the effects of modifying the geometry design of the Toroidal Propeller on the intensity of blade tip vortex and aerodynamic flow characteristics passing through the blade. The ultimate goal is to decrease blade tip vortex and turbulence produced by the blade, which can help estimate the sound pressure level and minimize it without causing significant performance losses. Based on the outcome results, the models of the four geometry studies are compared in terms of Acoustic Power Level (APL), Surface Acoustic Power Level (SAPL), Thrust, Torque, and Power. In general, the propeller model with NOB of 3 provides the most optimal efficiency in terms of both Thrust and APL. At the output cross-section, the APL dropped from nearly 139 dB to 121 dB, while thrust increased from almost 6.2N to 8.7N compared to the first version of the Toroidal Propeller model.

Development of the Vietnamese Rape Myths Acceptance Scales: A Web-Based Survey of Young Adults.

Rape myths-false but widely held beliefs that serve to deny and justify sexual aggression-present a major barrier to reporting and prevention of sexual violence in Vietnam and globally. Based on a parent study aimed at reducing sexual violence at two universities in Hanoi, we developed and assessed a contextualized measure of rape myths among young people in Vietnam. Items from previously validated rape myth acceptance (RMA) scales and data from qualitative research informed the development of 50 items, which were administered to Vietnamese 18-24-year-olds (n = 2,756 total, n = 1,798 cisgender women) via an anonymous link in February 2021. We used factor analysis to explore and test factor structure and multi-group factor analysis to assess measurement equivalence across gender. We calculated item-level discrimination and difficulty parameters and visualized information curves using item response theory analysis, informing the development of a short form. Four hypothesized subconstructs identified in the qualitative data emerged as factors: (1) "He didn't mean to"; (2) "She asked for it"; (3) "It wasn't really rape"; and (4) "Rape is a deviant event." A fifth factor, "She didn't protect herself," included four items from formative data. Confirming formative findings and prior literature, cisgender women had lower RMA than cisgender men, particularly on items related to victim-blaming. The Vietnamese Rape Myths Acceptance Scales were internally consistent and equivalent between cisgender men and women, capturing elements specific to the Vietnamese context and providing a tool for campus climate surveys and evaluations of sexual violence prevention programs.

Intention to pursue a master degree of final year students: Empirical research from Hanoi university of industry

Nowadays, pursuing a master degree in economics and engineering is becoming an inevitable trend in the era of international integration because of benefits of its holders. This research aims to clarify the factors that influence of the intention to pursue master degree of final year students. To reach the end, this research based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), benefit-cost theory, and the motivation-opportunity-ability model (MOA). The research utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24. This research showed the benefits and costs influence on perceived value which in turn have effect on intention to pursue master degree of final year students. Furthermore, the subjective norm does not influence on the intention, contrary to previous studies that have shown its significance. This will help schools better understand students’ psychology and devise appropriate encouragement and motivation policies.

Factors affecting brand attachment in the social media channels: Case of university in Vietnam

Originated from the reason that Hanoi University of Industry (HaUI)’s current social media network is still limited, specifically HaUI's Fanpage has not yet been green-checked, thereby leading to weak brand attachment have little impact on university admissions. From collecting data from information sources such as newspapers, social networking sites, the author has inherited previous studies to propose a research model and conduct quantitative research analysis. Through designing a survey questionnaire and randomly sending it to individuals who are studying and working at HaUI, specifically lecturers, staff and especially the university students. The study obtained 338 valid responses that were coded and cleaned using SPSS and AMOS software. After the cleaning and coding step, reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were conducted. The research has made a significant theoretical contribution in terms of the important mediation role of brand awareness, perceived quality and university reputation in the relationship between social media communication and brand attachment. From there, it also provided the practical contribution to improve the association of the brand with students, to perfectionate the social networking sites,to share positive things, interesting, attractive and relevant lessons.

Study on the Impact of Organizational Culture and Leadership on Competitive Advantage in Universities. Case in Vietnam

In the flow of integration and globalization, domestic universities need to create their own innovations and characteristics to adapt and develop. These requirements have led to major changes in the mechanism and organization of the operation of universities in the country. Therefore, universities need to have a clear and effective vision in strategic planning in development, building organizational culture and managing change, keeping up with the development and modern trends in higher education today. The paper offers three research hypotheses to assess the influence of organizational culture and transformational leadership on universities' competitive advantage in the current context. Using a quantitative descriptive approach with a causal approach, the authors developed a 5-point Likert scale and conducted a Google form survey on a sample of 281 managers and employees in universities in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The results of the study show that there is a positive impact from organizational culture and transformational leadership on the university's competitive advantage. From the conclusions obtained, the paper makes appropriate recommendations for universities in building and developing organizational culture and transformational leadership.

What push students to use motorcycles? A study based on some universities in Hanoi, Vietnam

So far, little is known about the determinants of the intention to use motorcycles among the young generations in developing countries. This study has proposed an extension of the Theory of Planned Behaviours (TPB) to investigate various factors associated with the motorcycle use intention of students in Hanoi, Vietnam. The data from 399 students from three universities were collected and utilized. The methods used included exploratory factors analysis (EFA) and binary logit regression. Among six latent constructs found in EFA, independence & enjoy, norms & modernity, and convenience & parsimony fuel the intention while others were insignificant predictors. Students who are migrant and come from richer households had higher intention to use motorcycles whereas other demographics such as gender and vehicle ownership were irrelevant. A concerning result found was the positive association of the intention to use motorcycles and cars. Based on the found effects of influential factors, an array of policy implications were suggested

Exploring Factors Influencing Students' Challenges in Academic Writing: A Qualitative Analysis Based on Student Perspectives

Writing proficiency poses significant challenges for learners of English as a Second Language (ESL) or English Foreign Language (EFL), particularly at the tertiary level where academic essay writing is a requirement. This study delves into the factors contributing to students' difficulties in an Academic Writing course, as perceived by the students themselves. Employing qualitative methods, including open-ended questionnaires and interviews, data were collected from 25 students enrolled in an Academic Writing class for repeaters in the English Language Education Program at a university in Hanoi. Thematic analysis of the responses revealed two main categories of factors influencing students' writing challenges: internal and external. Internal factors encompassed issues such as self-motivation, self-confidence, lack of knowledge, and feelings of pressure, while external factors included the teaching style of instructors, classroom environment, instructional materials, and various aspects of the writing process. The findings of this research aim to assist educators in developing effective teaching strategies for Academic Writing courses, with the goal of alleviating students' difficulties and enhancing their writing proficiency.

Organizational Culture and Employees’ Loyalty: An Emperical Research from an University Context

The current study was conducted to test the relationship between organizational culture and loyalty of employees at Hanoi University of Industry. In addition, the study also explores the mediating role of work motivation, satisfaction, relationships with superiors, and relationships with colleagues in the relationship between organizational culture and loyalty. The study used primary data from the survey, with 340 valid questionnaires, the study used the SEM structural model, and processed data through SPSS24 and AMOS 24 software. The research results showed that There is a proportional relationship between organizational culture and employee loyalty, work motivation, satisfaction, relationships with superiors, and relationships with colleagues. intermediary in this relationship among them, organizational culture has the strongest overall impact on loyalty. Management implications and future research directions are also discussed.

Applications of geophysical methods in agriculture and their potential in Vietnam

Geophysical methods are very popular in Vietnam and have been applied for several decades in deep-earth investigations such as geological mapping, mineral resource searching, and especially oil and gas exploration. In the world, they have proven to be great tools in agriculture as well for soil characterization and monitoring thanks to their notable advantages including rapid data acquisition, large data coverage, high data density, non-destructive and inexpensive survey implementation. However, in Vietnam, the applications of geophysical methods in agriculture have received little attention probably due to the lack of suitable equipment and data processing techniques. This article gives an overview of popular geophysical methods being applied in agriculture in several countries to characterize and monitor soil properties such as moisture, salinity, density, texture, structure, porosity, etc. The main uses of each method are summarized, and relevant publications are given for reading recommendations with the aim of suggesting similar applications in Vietnam. Accordingly, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) are the most versatile with minimum field crew for data acquisition. They should be prioritized to try in Vietnamese agriculture. Since EMI equipment is not currently available in Vietnam, only a GPR test survey was implemented in the Agricultural Academy experimental field by the authors of Hanoi University of Mining and Geology. The preliminary result shows that the biggest challenge is to find reliable techniques to accurately infer soil properties from measured geophysical parameters, which have no explicit relationship with soil properties. Noise suppression is another problem that needs to be addressed to ensure sufficient data quality.

Young consumers’ impulse buying tendency on social media: an empirical analysis in Vietnam in light of the LST theoretical perspective

Purpose Social commerce has brought about a significant transformation in consumer experience due to diverse factors. As a result, users often find themselves prone to impulsive buying behaviour when exposed to such an environment. Prior research was limited to demonstrating the expanding influence of celebrities on social media and the linkage between social engagement and impulse buying context. Furthermore, the impulse buying tendency of consumers on social media in the context of celebrity posts has yet to be validated. This paper aims to assess the influence of consumer awareness, consumer trust and observational learning on the latent state-trait (LST) theory regarding celebrity posts on impulse buying tendencies. Design/methodology/approach The empirical research builds on a sample survey involving 750 students from the “Big Four” economics universities in Hanoi. The proposed model was analysed using a partial least squares structural equation modelling technique. Findings The authors find that consumer trust and observational learning from celebrity’ posts positively affect impulse buying tendency. Yet celebrity influence awareness directly impacts trust in celebrity’ posts rather than directly impacting impulse buying tendency. Perceiving the importance of interactive and authentic posts by a celebrity in influencing consumers’ purchase behaviour on social media, this research offers valuable insights for stakeholders in the digital celebrity sphere of communication and marketing. Practical implications Perceiving the importance of interactive and authentic posts by a celebrity in influencing consumers’ purchase behaviour on social media, this research offers valuable insights for stakeholders in the digital celebrity sphere of communication and marketing. Originality/value From a theoretical perspective, this expands the applicability of the LST theory in social commerce to promote impulse buying tendencies. Second, this contributes to the literature on the emerging phenomenon of social media celebrities, as existing literature does not clarify their influence on impulse buying behaviour. Third, this research applies the concept of observational learning in online shopping through key features of social media platforms, namely, likes, shares and comments, to investigate their influence on the impulse buying tendency of consumers. Concerning managerial implications, the authors propose practical recommendations for practitioners, particularly those involved or interested in the commercial services industry and social media marketing (namely, celebrities and partner companies).