Handoff Signaling Cost Research Articles

Optimal Broadcast Strategy-Based Producer Mobility Support Scheme for Named Data Networking

<p>Named Data Networking is a consumer-driven network that supports content consumer mobility due to the nature of in-network catching. The catching suppressed unnecessary Interest packets losses by providing an immediate copy of the data and consumer-driven nature influencedthe mobile consumer to resend unsatisfied Interest packet immediately after the handoff. Once the producer moves to a new location, the name prefix changed automatically after handoff to the new router or point of attachment. The entire network lacks the knowledge of producer movement unless if the producer announces its new prefix to update the FIBs of intermediate routers. Lack of producer’s movement knowledge causes an increase of handoff latency, signaling overhead cost, Interests packets losses, poor utilization of bandwidth and packets delivery. Therefore, there is needs to provide substantial producer mobility support to minimize the handoff latency, handoff signaling overhead cost, reduce the unnecessary Interest packets loss to improve data packets delivery once a content producer relocated. In this paper, broadcasting strategy is introduced to facilitate the handoff procedures and update the intermediate routers about the producer movement. Hence, analytical investigation result of this paper addresses the deficiency of Kite scheme by minimizing handoff signaling cost and provides data path optimization after the handoff.<strong></strong></p>

Efficient Producer Mobility Management Model in Information-Centric Networking

Information centric networking is a clean-slate Internet architecture designed as a future Internet to supplement and completely replace the current Internet architecture. The future Internet information-centric networking was proposed in different kind of approaches to offered vast advantages ranging from security, catching, and content mobility support. However, some of the approaches support only content consumer, while content producer mobility faces many challenges, such as unnecessary Interest packet losses, high handoff latency, scalability issues, and high signaling overhead. Therefore, many approaches, protocols, and schemes were proposed to address the problem. The schemes such as indirection-based approach, locator-based approach, rendezvous-based, forwarding-based, and control/data plane-based, and mapping-based approach were investigated using either analytical or simulation investigation. However, in many cases of the formulation of an analytical investigation for information-centric networking mobility support management, the determination and incorporation of producers' movement behavior are neglected, whereas the movement pattern of mobile content producer plays a vital role in mobility performance analysis of the wireless mobile network. This paper proposed a producer mobility management model for information-centric networking with a random waypoint and random walk mobility model incorporated, to measure the movement pattern effect and proved the uniformity of the proposed model to support any kind of mobility support approaches or schemes. The performance analysis result of our proposed model revealed that movement pattern does affect the mobile producer handoff performance. Hence, for the accuracy of handoff latency, handoff signaling cost, and data packets delivery cost investigation, mobility models must be selected carefully based on the application domain.

Fast Handoff Scheme for Cluster-Based Proxy Mobile IPv6 Protocol

Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) was standardized to reduce the long handoff latency, packet loss and signaling overhead of MIPv6 protocol and to exempt the mobile node from any involvement in the handoff process. However, the basic PMIPv6 does not provide any buffering scheme for packets during MNs handoff. In addition, all the binding update messages are processed by a Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) which leads to increase the handoff latency. Previous works enhanced PMIPv6 performance by applying fast handoff mechanisms to reduce the packet loss during handoffs; however, the LMA is still involved during the location update operations. In this paper, we present a new fast handoff scheme based on a cluster-based architecture for the PMIPv6 named Fast handoff Clustered PMIPv6 (CFPMIPv6); it reduces both the handoff signaling and packet loss ratio. In the proposed scheme, the Mobility Access Gateways (MAGs) are grouped into clusters with a one distinguished Head MAG (HMAG) for each cluster. The main role of the HMAG is to carry out the intra-cluster handoff operations and provide fast and seamless handoff services. The proposed CFPMIPv6 is evaluated analytically and compared with the previous work including the basic PMIPv6, Fast PMIPv6 based on Multicast MAGs group (MFPMIPv6), and the Fast Handoff using Head MAG schemes (HFPMIPv6). The obtained numerical results show that the proposed CFPMIPv6 outperforms all the basic PMIPv6, MFPMIP6, and HFPMIPv6 schemes in terms of the handoff signaling cost.

지능형 교통시스템을 위한 u-TSMVPN의 설계와 성능분석

국내와 국제적으로 지능형 차량 및 텔레매틱스(ITS)의 연구와 개발을 통해서 차량에 IT 기술을 통합하기 위한 노력을 가속화하고 있다. 우리나라의 경우에 텔레매틱스(ITS) 서비스를 추진하고 있다. ITS에서의 실시간 데이터 통신은 중요한 것이다. ITS는 실시간으로 차량으로부터 데이터를 수집하여, ITS 센터에서 수집된 정보를 가공하여 제공한다. 이러한 통신과정에서, 효과적이고 보안적인 통신 방식을 제안하고자 한다. 특히, 본 논문에서 제안하고 있는 SIP기반의 MVPN은 시그널링 비용을 줄이고, 보안적인 측면에서 많은 이점이 있다. 또한, 차량간의 통신에서는 NEMO를 적용하여 이동성관리를 하였다. 즉, ITS에서의 차량간의 통신과 차량과 서버간의 통신을 위한 SIP기반의 모바일 VPN과 V2V NEMO에 대해서 제안한다. 성능분석을 수행하여, SIP 기반의 MVPN의 ITS는 핸드오프 시그널링 비용이 상당히 절감된다는 것을 보여준다.

A New Strategy for Signaling Overhead Reduction in the Proxy Mobile IPv6 Protocol

Problem statement: The rapid growth of the Internet usage has been re alized by the Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6). Concurrent to these technological advances is the communication overheads. Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) has been standardized to overcome the long handoff latency, packet loss and signaling overhead of MIPv6 and to exempt the mobile node from any involvement in the handoff process. Although the PMIPv6 has resolved the relat ed MIPv6 problems, it incurs a long handoff time due to the frequent binding updates which requires multiple and redundant authentications and registration operations. For these reasons, researc h on PMIPv6 has already been devoted to reduce the handoff latency and the packet loss ratio by pre-re gistering the mobile node to the new network. However, these researches have not been able to red uce the number of signals required for authentication and registration processes which are frequently performed during the binding updates. Approach: In this study, an enhanced PMIPv6 signaling strat egy known as the I-PMIPv6 protocol is proposed, in which the authentication and the regis tration signaling are integrated and deployed coherently to reduce the handoff signaling cost. Results: The proposed protocol is evaluated analytically and the numerical results show that th e I-PMIPv6 outperforms the PMIPv6 in terms of the handoff latency time. Conclusion: Reducing the signaling overhead by integrating the authentication and registration steps has indeed reduced the handoff l atency which leads to reduce the service disruption during the host movement.

Performance Analysis of Mobility Support in IPv4/IPv6 Mixed Wireless Networks

The rapid growth of the Internet has led to the anticipated depletion of addresses in the current version of the Internet protocol (IP), i.e., IPv4. This depletion has given rise to a newer version of the IP, i.e., IP version 6 (IPv6). IPv6 provides sufficient address space to meet the predicted increase of the Internet. Since IPv4 has already widely been deployed, it is required that the existing IPv4 and the newly added IPv6 can coexist and interoperate. Due to the incompatibility of the IPv4 and IPv6 headers, various mechanisms have been proposed to support the interoperability between IPv4 and IPv6. However, they are mostly designed for a static environment. Mobility support of mobile terminals in a mixed IPv4/IPv6 environment remains largely unexplored. It introduces additional overhead and delay to communications. In this paper, we analyze various handoff scenarios for a dual-stack mobile node with a predominant IPv6 home address roaming in a mixed IPv4/IPv6 environment. We investigate how handoffs can be supported and derive the handoff procedures for all scenarios. In addition, we analyze the impact of mobility support on the system performance in terms of handoff-signaling cost, handoff delay, and handoff-failure probability using our designed analytical models. Different traffic and mobility patterns are taken into account in the performance analysis. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance of all handoff scenarios. Conclusions from this study can give great in-depth understanding and insights into designing new cost-effective mobility support mechanisms for IPv4/IPv6 transition and interoperability.