Hand Sanitizer Products Research Articles

How Well Do Employees Know Their Health Savings Accounts? The Need for Improved HSA Communication and Literacy

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) have been around for two decades, with record funds accruing in accounts year-after-year. Despite this growth, little is known regarding how well consumers know what they can spend their HSA funds on to maximize their accounts’ tax advantages. A survey of HSA savers at a large Midwest organization ( n = 732) found that about 1-in-4 employees (29.1%) were unsure or did not know their HSA contributions were not federally taxed. Additionally, employees knew that fewer than half of items asked about (M = 4.71) on a 10-item HSA-eligible quiz could be purchased with HSA funds. Employees had the least awareness that hand sanitizer (22.5%), sunscreen (27.2%), and menstrual care products (33.1%) could be purchased with HSA funds. Knowledge or perceptions did not differ based on employee education level, indicating that HSAs are likely a complicated topic for anyone to fully comprehend. These findings showcase a need to develop more effective communication to help employees better understand the unique benefits HSAs can provide. Additional recommendations for employers are provided.

Analysis of ethanol content in commercially available Hand sanitizers in Oman using Gas Chromatography- A comparative study

The demand and usage of alcohol-based hand sanitizers have immensely increased worldwide in recent times as a protective measure against COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. To ensure that the public and health workers get hand sanitizers with an alcohol percentage within the label stated range, quality control of these products must be carried out by the governmental authorities. The study was designed to determine the ethanol content of eight commercially available and commonly used hand sanitizer gels available in the Omani market. Eight hand sanitizer gels were collected from various community pharmacies and commercial stores in Oman. The Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detection (GC-FID) method was employed to analyse ethanol content as it is one of the easiest, most reliable and most accurate methods for the determination of volatile content. Various physical properties of the samples such as pH, density, and refractive index, were also evaluated for comparison purpose. Sample prices were also compared from a pharmacoeconomic point of view. The majority of the hand sanitizers fell within the WHO recommendation range, with ethanol levels in the range of 66% to 76%, except A-7, which was below the recommended concentration for pathogenic microbial inactivation. The five of the samples tested showed ethanol contents below the labelled claim, whereas two sanitizers, A-1 and A-2, had ethanol contents above the labelled claim. The hand sanitizers differed significantly in price and certain physical properties which are likely to influence consumer preferences. Although the hand sanitizer products met the WHO requirements for alcohol content, the authors recommend that the regulatory authority should do a frequent testing of the samples available in the market to ensure quality and safety of these products.

MAKING HAND SANITIZER FROM NATURAL MATERIALS AN EFFORT TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 IN TEGALWANGI VILLAGE

The purpose of this PKM activity is to train in making natural hand sanitizers to overcome scarcity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Partners in high school students in Tegal Wangi Village, Cirebon Regency. The method of transferring knowledge and technology with the stages of activities: 1) material briefing, 2) manufacturing practices, and 3) evaluation. The results of this activity are 1) students can understand well the technique of making hand-sanitizers with natural ingredients, this can be seen from the indicator of increasing ability to reach 80%, 2) the skills to make natural hand-sanitizers from natural ingredients, and 3) the availability of natural hand-sanitizer products in the high school environment Tegal Wangi Village, Cirebon Regency. Hand sanitizer-making training activities need to be carried out regularly by utilizing available natural ingredients.

Development of Worksheets Based on Guided Inquiry on the Production of Hand Sanitizer from Mahonony Seed Extract (Swietenia mahagoni)

This research aimed to develop a worksheet based on guided inquiry on colloidal class learning material. Hand sanitizer is one application of the colloid system. In this study, a hand sanitizer was made using an additional ingredient of mahogany seed extract as an active substance to replace alcohol as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to compile and determine the results of a guided inquiry-based worksheet validation test. The research method used was Design-Based Research (DBR). The results of the validation test by expert lecturers were declared valid with an average r-count value of 0.860. The worksheets produced are in accordance with the stages of guided inquiry-based learning and are feasible to be applied to colloid subjects in class XI science with a r-count of 0.83. The hand sanitizer produced was in accordance with SNI 2017 with a pH range of 6-8. This worksheet can later be applied in practical waste management and treatment.
 Keywords: worksheet, guided inquiry, hand sanitizer

Antibacterial activity of gel hand sanitizer from seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii)

Seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids which have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of seaweed extract (K. alvarezii) as a hand sanitizer product and to determine the antibacterial activity of hand sanitizer gel from seaweed extract (K. alvarezii) against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. This research was conducted by experimental methods Inhibitory Zone Test, Homogeneity Test, Viscosity Test, pH Test, Spreadability Diameter Test, Organoleptic Test and Skin Irritation Test. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained were then analyzed using the ANOVA method and if there was a difference, then the significant difference test was continued using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 5% (α=0.05). The results of this study showed that the seaweed extract of K. alvarezii gave good results. The appearance of the hand sanitizer gel in each treatment is homogeneous. The value of gel viscosity is close to standard. The hand sanitizer gel has a pH of 5. The diameter of the spread has a result of 5-6. Does not cause irritation to the skin. Has a zone of inhibition that is classified as strong-very strong.

FORMULASI SEDIAAN SPRAY HAND SANITIZER PERASAN KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli SECARA IN VITRO

Pineapple peel has flavonoid compounds that are disinfectant and very effective in inhibiting the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This is because flavonoids are polar so it is easier to penetrate the peptidoglycan layer. Pineapple peel has a high inhibitory power against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This study aims to determine the effect of pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L. Merr) hand sanitizer spray preparation in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria in vitro. The design of this research is experimental research. The method used was disc diffusion. The population in this study is pineapple peel juice. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Based on the results of the study of 6 concentrations of pineapple peel juice hand sanitizer, the lowest inhibition zone was 6 mm at a concentration of 50% and the highest at a concentration of 100%, namely a 10 mm inhibition zone. From the results of the organoleptical test examination of the pineapple peel juice hand sanitizer spray preparation, which is liquid, light yellow in color, slightly cloudy and has a distinctive smell of perfume. pH is 6 at 50% 60% 70% 80% concentration and 5 at 90% 100%. The irritation test obtained negative results so that the product is safe for use on the skin. Homogeneity test is not homogeneous. Based on the results of the examination, the results of the organoleptical test, pH test, and irritation test meet the requirements but the homogeneity test does not meet the requirements in the aesthetics of spray hand sanitizer products.

Countermeasures of Hotel Industry for Tourism Crisis Management Under the Influence of Epidemic Situation

On a global scale, the epidemic has had a great impact on tourism, and the hotel industry, as a key component of tourism, has also been seriously affected. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of the epidemic on the hotel industry and put forward coping strategies to help the hotel industry effectively cope with the tourism crisis. First of all, the epidemic has led to a sharp decline in tourism, a sharp drop in the occupancy rate of the hotel industry and a sharp drop in income. In order to meet this challenge, the hotel industry needs to adopt the strategy of diversified income sources and reduce its dependence on the traditional tourism market. Secondly, the hotel industry should formulate more flexible cancellation policies to meet customer needs. Third, the hotel industry should strengthen cleaning and hygiene measures to ensure the health and safety of customers when they check in. This includes regular disinfection of guest rooms and public areas, provision of hand sanitizer, masks and other sanitary products. A transparent cleaning policy can improve the trust of customers. In addition, digital technology plays a key role in crisis management. Finally, staff training is the key link to deal with the crisis. This paper studies the coping strategies of crisis management in the hotel industry under the influence of epidemic situation, which is helpful for the hotel industry to tide over the crisis, maintain business sustainability and prepare for future uncertainty.

Comparative Antibacterial Efficacy of Formulated and Commercial Hand Sanitizers: Formulation and Evaluation

Background: Hand hygiene is crucial to preventing infections in hospitals and communities. However, many hand sanitizer products are on the market, raising questions about their effectiveness and safety. The objective of this study was to develop and assess two laboratory-developed gel-based hand sanitizers, followed by a clinical trial. Methodology: The laboratory test used the European standard for chemical disinfectants and antiseptics (EN 14885; 2006) and different bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). The clinical trial involved 300 healthcare workers who volunteered for the study and used the developed or commercial hand sanitizers. The hand samples were collected before and after treatment and analyzed for bacterial load. The logarithmic reduction factor of the bacterial load measured the antibacterial efficacy of the hand sanitizers. Results: The developed hand sanitizers achieved a 6-log reduction (99.9999%) of all bacterial strains in the laboratory test. In the clinical trial, they achieved a 4-log reduction (99.99%) of the bacterial load on the hands of the healthcare workers. Conclusions: The hand sanitizers developed in this study were found to be equally or more effective and safer than the WHO formulation. The results showed that the developed hand sanitizers exhibited desirable physical properties, and strong antimicrobial activity against five common microorganisms responsible for infections while also being deemed cost-effective and well-tolerated by the volunteers. This could lead to improved health for both healthcare workers and patients, as well as a reduction in nosocomial infections.

Production of Youcare Hand Sanitizer with Chitosan as Antibacterial Active Ingredient in Blangcrum Village

Keeping hands clean from viruses and bacteria is the easiest way to prevent disease transmission. Apart from washing hands with soap, using hand sanitizer products without water or hand sanitizers is also recommended. The purpose of the dedication is to manufacture antibacterial hand sanitizer products which are dominated by natural active ingredients, namely chitosan and Vitamin E moisturizing ingredients which are soft, safe and comfortable for users, and smell good because they contain essential oil. The presence of Chitosan reduces the alcohol content which is too strong but provides more effectiveness for its antimicrobial properties. Hand sanitizers usually contain alcohol, for example, ethanol, as an active substance that works as an antiseptic. Other ingredients are water, fragrance, and glycerin. The use of alcohol as the main antibacterial agent in hand sanitizers can have negative effects on users, including irritation to the hands down to the throat and can even cause digestive disorders. , comfortable and of course affordable by all levels of society. There are two hand sanitizers, namely hand sanitizer gel and hand sanitizer spray. The targeted output of this community service program can increase the productivity and efficiency of handsanitizer production and proposed intellectual property (IP) in the form of patents and trademarks.

Uji Organoleptik Dan Mikrobiologi Classic Enzim Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)

Indonesia is a rich country in sources of medicinal plants that can be easily obtained. the belimbing wuluh through the fermentation to turn the raw material into a classic enzyme. the purpose of this research are to make classic enzyme and hand sanitizer from belimbing wuluh, identify the lactic acid bacteria(BAL) from the fermentation of classic enzim belimbing wuluh, and to know the effectiveness of handsanitizer belimbing wuluh. The implementations of the research are preparation of raw materials, to make classic enzyme with anaerobic fermentation method, and laboratory analysis of organoleptic and microbiology tests. The results of the reseach are classic enzim and hand sanitizer products, the identification of lactic acid bacteria (BAL), and the effectiveness of hand sanitizer.from this research, it is known that the process of making the classic enzyme is done by fermentation for three months or 90 days with the composition 1:3:10. The results of this research are the lactic acid bacteria (BAL) is not identified. it because of pH 1,96 and the liquid has been convered into alcohol, the effectiveness of handsanitizer is quite good depend on morphology and ALT tests. The number of colonies formed on sampel after applied hand sanitizer was not found.

Pembuatan Pocket Hand Sanitizer Berbahan Dasar Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Aroma Bunga Melati (Jasminum sambac)

A Folia Fresh is a hand sanitizer product in the form of a practical pocket spray made from natural base ingredients of Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) with a refreshing aroma of Jasmine Flower (Jasminum sambac). Kersen or talok (Muntingia calabura L.) is a kind of shade tree that we can easily find on the roadside. Kersen (Muntigia calabura L.) contains bioactive compounds, namely flavonoid, saponin, triterpene, steroid, and tannin which are compounds that have the potential as antibacterial. Cherry leaves extracts were obtained by maserasi using 70% ethanol as solvent. Cherry leaves were meserated for 21 x 24 hours to obtain the filtrate. The extract is then processed into a hand sanitizer product with the addition of aquadest, glycerin, methyl paraben, and the aroma of Jasmine Flowers. Jasmine flower has active substances that can help regenerate healthy skin, moisturize dry skin, and fight the symptoms of aging.

Consumer Behavior on Buying Decision Sanitation Product in Jakarta, Tembagapura, and Bandar Lampung After the End of PPKM

As governments impose movement restrictions to reduce COVID-19 infections, many people experienced changes in daily lives. The utilization of hand sanitizers in public spaces has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Eventually, On December 30, 2022, the Indonesian government ended PPKM – the Indonesian-specific COVID-19 restrictions. Through this paper, researchers determined changes in consumer behavior towards sanitation products, how they impacted consumption, and which product categories were affected after the end of PPKM in Jakarta, Tembagapura, and Bandar Lampung. Research participants were located in three cities with total survey participants were 406. Data was collected using the convenience sampling method and a questionnaire adopting the statement of Liu et al. (2021). In analyzing the collected data, several statistical techniques were used and SEM analysis used AMOS with a two-step process. The results of this study prove that there is no change in consumer behavior in buying sanitation products (M: and SD:) and from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to the end of PPKM, cleanliness has become the most important need for comfort and health (M: and SD:). This research can be used to help hand sanitizer manufacturers to rescale their production capacities and will be useful for hand sanitizer and sanitation product manufacturers to prepare their long-term marketing strategy. However, this study only focuses on hand sanitizers, while tons of sanitation products can be covered. Furthermore, this research can be conducted in more than three cities in Indonesia so that the result will be more represent the general Indonesian population. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Purchase Decisions, Sanitation, The End of PPKM

Iodoform Reaction-Based Turbidimetry for Analysis of Alcohols in Hand Sanitizers

This work presents the first development of an analytical turbidimetric method for the determination of legal alcohols in alcohol-based hand sanitizer products. A typical iodoform reaction is exploited to form a yellow product in the form of precipitates. An iodoform test shows a positive result as yellow precipitates in the presence of ethanol and isopropanol; therefore, the test can only be used to distinguish between methanol and those legal alcohols. In the presence of molecular iodine (I2) and a strong alkaline solution, the legal alcohol is converted to the corresponding carbonyl compound (i.e., ethanol to acetaldehyde, isopropanol to acetone). The susceptibility of this intermediate towards the reaction with hydroxide ions (strong alkaline condition) results in formations of yellow precipitation of iodoform (CHI3) and a water-soluble carboxylate salt in the solution. Therefore, this change allows for the detection of legal alcohols through either naked-eye observation (as semi-quantitative analysis) or a common benchtop/portable photometer/spectrophotometer (as quantitative analysis) by means of turbidimetric analysis. In this work, turbidimetry is employed, which is a useful alternative detection method in analytical practice, especially with colored samples in hand sanitizing products. This is because they can employ wavelengths at which the colored solution does not absorb light. As a result of our developed method, the calibration plots are in the range of 30 to 100% (v/v) for both ethanol and isopropanol. The limit of detection (LOD) (3SD of y-intercept/slope) was found to be 7.4% (v/v) ethanol and 6.5% (v/v) isopropanol. Direct analysis of the non-pretreatment of the sample is achieved. The results indicate that our new proposed analytical method is fit for purpose and valid to detect the legal alcohols in alcohol-based hand sanitizing products for both international and Thai regulations (at least 70% (v/v)). Our quantitative results were also comparable to a standard analytical method, such as the use of a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Our developed method and analytical operation could potentially be developed into a practically portable analysis.

Pediatric hand sanitizer exposures reported to United States poison centers, 2017–2021

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic increased demand for alcohol-based hand sanitizers. We aimed to describe the epidemiological trends in pediatric alcohol-based hand sanitizer cases reported to United States poison centers. We characterized clinically significant pediatric reports involving alcohol-based hand sanitizer products before and during the pandemic and methanol-containing hand sanitizers during the pandemic. Methods We included all single-substance cases involving alcohol-based hand sanitizers reported to the National Poison Data System among children ≤ 19 years from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021, and methanol-containing hand sanitizers from 23 June 2020 to 31 December 2021. Multiple product exposures and non-human exposures were excluded. Clinically significant outcomes included moderate or major effects or death. Results There were 95,718 alcohol-based hand sanitizer pediatric cases during the study period. Most (n = 89,521; 94%) were unintentional, occurred by ingestion (n = 89,879; 93.9%), occurred at home, and were managed at the exposure site (n = 89,774; 93.8%). Common symptoms were vomiting (n = 2,969; 3.1%), coughing (n = 1,102; 1.2%), ocular irritation (n = 1,244; 1.3%), and drowsiness (n = 981; 1.0%). Most children (n = 3,937; 66.2%) managed at a health care facility were treated and released; a minority were admitted (n = 527; 9.0%). Few children (n = 81; 1.4%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. The prevalence of clinically significant cases increased in 2020 and 2021, compared to 2017. Population-adjusted rates, by state, of alcohol-based hand sanitizer cases ranged from 280 to 2,700 per million children. Of the 540 reported cases involving methanol-containing hand sanitizers, the majority (n = 255) occurred in July 2020. Thirteen cases (2.4%) had clinically significant outcomes. The prevalence of clinically significant cases remained similar in 2020 and 2021 and exhibited lower prevalence compared to alcohol-based products. Population-adjusted rates, by state, ranged from fewer than 0.9 to 40 per million children. Conclusions Clinically significant pediatric cases involving alcohol-based hand sanitizers increased during the pandemic and remained elevated in 2021. Cases involving methanol-containing products were less frequent. Our findings may inform heightened product quality control and regulatory oversight.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Hansanitizer Dan Sabun Cuci Dari Herbal Untuk Pencegahan Infeksi Sebagai Upaya Penurunan Stunting Di Desa Pelita Jaya

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to chronic malnutrition so that children are too short for their age. Malnutrition occurs since the baby is in the womb and in the early days after the baby is born, however, stunting only appears after the baby is 2 years old. Data on the prevalence of stunting under five collected by WHO, Indonesia is included in the third country with the highest prevalence in the Southeast Asia region. The average prevalence of stunting under five in Indonesia in 2005 - 2017 was 36.4%. According to the national target, Bone Bolango Regency is one of the 260 Regencies/Cities, priority areas for accelerating the national stunting prevention in 2019. But until now, the prevalence of stunting in Bone Bolango is still high, namely 25.1%, which is above the standard rate. tolerated by WHO, which is below 20%. Based on the results of observations in Pelita Jaya Village, Bone Bolango Regency, cases of stunting that occur are closely related to the lack of availability of clean latrines, where there are still houses that do not have latrines that comply with sanitation requirements. This can trigger cases of infection in children. And if this infection occurs repeatedly, it can cause toddlers and children to experience electrolyte and nutritional deficiencies. So that it can lead to disruption of child development. Based on this, the Service Team, Lecturers of the Faculty of Sports and Health, State University of Gorontalo, need to conduct socialization, training and manufacture of herbal hand sanitizer and hand washing products to improve clean and healthy living behavior in the community, so that they are free from infectious diseases and the risk of stunting.

Inisiasi dan pengembangan produk handsanitizer pada center of excellence Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Hasanuddin sebagai upaya pengembangan usaha intelektual kampus

PPUPIK is a community service program for 3 years. The purpose of this activity is to produce the intellectual products from the Faculty of Pharmacy UNHAS, especially Hand sanitizer and Disinfectant products, so that the Center of Excellence of the Faculty of Pharmacy UNHAS (CoE-FFUH) would become an independent business unit that able to support UNHAS' role as PTNBH. The specific target for this first year is the initiation of the development of a production unit of hand sanitizer and disinfectant products at CoE-FFUH. The initiation consists of the determination of documents for the production process, determination of product packaging material and designs, and also pilot-scale production for limited sales. As for the following year, hopefully, this product will be able to obtain a distribution permit for household health supplies (PKRT) so that the commercialization of licensed products can be carried out legally and able to produce more types of PKRT products.

FORMULATION FOR MAKING HAND SANITIZER BASED ON DURIAN PEEL EXTRACT (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR) IN IMPROVING ANTIBACTERIAL ABILITY

Maceration using ethanol solvent was chosen in extracting durian rind which was then evaporated to obtain 50 grams of durian peel extract. The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that the durian rind contains tannin compounds as evidenced by the addition of Iron (III) chloride reagent to produce a black solution. In addition, durian peel also contains terpenoid compounds which have been proven using the Lieberman Burchard reagent so that a blackish brown ring is produced in the extract. The best hand sanitizer product formulation is 75 mL of 96% ethanol, 2 mL of glycerin, 3 mL of 3% hydrogen peroxide, 10 mL of distilled water and 10 mL of a 6% concentration of durian peel extract solution. The hand sanitizer product has a liquid form, has a clear brownish color, has a distinctive durian rind aroma with a pH around 6 indicating that the hand sanitizer is suitable for use. Concentration of 6% Durian fruit peel hand sanitizer has better antibacterial ability than other concentrations with a large inhibition zone of 12.4 mm which is categorized as a strong level as an antibacterial substance.

Optimization of The Combination of CMC-Na and Glycerin in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Hand Sanitizer Gel Using The Simplex Lattice Design

Tobacco leaves have active compounds such as phenols and alkaloids that can be used as antibacterial and antiseptic because they can damage the cell components of microorganisms. Tobacco leaf extract in hand sanitizer gel has been shown to have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericia coli bacteria at a minimum concentration of 0.25%. Hand sanitizer is an antiseptic product that is used to clean hands and is preferred because it is practical, has a cooling and dries quickly when compared to hand soap. To make hand sanitizer products that are safe for the skin, various chemical compounds are used as building blocks, including CMC-Na and glycerin. CMC-Na acts as a gelling agent and glycerin has a role as a vehicle. This study aims to obtain the optimum formula for hand sanitizer gel preparations with variations in the concentration ratio of CMC-Na and glycerin using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) and to determine the effect of variations in the concentration ratio of CMC-Na and glycerin on physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics of the results of the optimum formula for hand sanitizer gel preparations. The research method used in this study is a type of laboratory experiment using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained from the research results were processed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that there were 3 optimum formulas for hand sanitizer gel of tobacco leaf extract based on the desirability value, 0.912 (Formula 1), 0.457 (Formula 4) and 0.653 (Formula 5). The variation of the concentration ratio of CMC-Na and glycerin in the optimum formula showed that CMC-Na had the most dominant influence on physical (homogeneity), chemical (total flavonoid) and microbiological (antibacterial and antiseptic) characteristics. Meanwhile, glycerin has the most dominant influence on product viscosity stability. The three optimum formulas have homogeneous gel characteristics.

Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Berbagai Produk Hand Sanitizer terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus In Vitro

Background: Hand hygiene is very important because human hands are often contaminated with microorganisms, so that it becomes an intermediary for the entry of disease-causing microorganisms into the body, especially Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The use of hand sanitizer has shown an increase in society. Hand sanitizers are available with various types of packaging, dosage forms, variations in the composition of active ingredients and their carriers at quite competitive prices.Objective: To determine the antibacterial effect of various hand sanitizers available in the market and their comparison with antiseptic handwash soap.Methods: Antibacterial effectiveness test using the Kirby Bauer method by measuring the diameter of the clear zone produced on Muller Hinton media by diffusion discs tested with four hand sanitizer products available in the market compared with antiseptic hand soap as positive control and akuades as negative control.Results: Various hand sanitizer products containing 70% alcohol showed moderate to strong inhibition against E. coli and S.aureus. Analysis of differences in the activities of various hand sanitizer products using the KruskalWallis non-parametric method showed a difference with p= 0.003 against E. coli and p=0.002 against S.aureus. Alcohol denatures bacterial proteins so that it interferes with the metabolic processes of bacterial cells which causes bacterial cell death.Conclusion: Hand sanitizer is effectively used to inhibit the growth of E. coli and S.aureus bacteria.

ESSENTIAL OILS APPLICATION OF SOME SPECIES OF GENUS ELSHOLTZIA IN ANTIBACTERIAL HAND SANITIZER PRODUCTION

Species of the genus Elsholtzia have great potential for bioactive substances. Although this species has been used a lot in traditional medicines, most of it is only used based on the experience gained or left by forerunners without much knowledge of the species scientific basis. Therefore, the investigation, research, evaluation of chemical composition and screening of potential bioactive substances from plants of the genus Elsholtzia, especially those endemic to Vietnam, will be of great scientific and practical significance, actively contributing to the rational exploitation and use of the country's natural resources, thereby orienting the application of Elsholtzia essential oil in research and develops a number of food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Using the method of extracting essential oils by steam distillation and the evaluation of antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method with the following contents: Results analysis, evaluation and screening of essential oils of some species of the genus Elsholtzia with biological activity obtained in different regions. Research results on mixing ratio to create antibacterial hand sanitizer products, completing the process and calculating the cost of antibacterial hand sanitizer products.