Haloperidol In Children Research Articles

Risperidone versus haloperidol in children and adolescents with AD

The aim of the study was to compare safety, efficacy and tolerability of risperidone with haloperidol in the treatment of Autistic Disorder (AD). This study was designed as a double-blind, prospective, for a 12-week period. A total of 30 subjects, between the ages of 8 and 18 with AD based on DSM IV criteria, were included in the study. Behavioral Rating Scales were performed by the investigators and the parents. Safety assessment included vital signs, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, adverse events, laboratory tests, extrapyramidal symptoms and the side effects. Both treatments were applied in a once daily dosage regimen of 0.01-0.08 mg/kg/day. The reduction from baseline in Ritvo-Freeman Real Life Rating Scale (RF-RLRS), sensory motor (subscale I) and language (subscale V) scores were significant in risperidone group (P < 0.05). Compared to haloperidol, risperidone led to a significantly greater reduction in the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Turgay DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) scale scores (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). There was a greater increase of prolactin in the risperidone group, while alanine amino transferase (ALT) had further increased in the haloperidol group. Sensory motor behaviors (subscale I) and language at the end of the 12th week, RF-RLRS sensory motor and language subscale scores decreased in the risperidone group further than the other group (P < 0.05). Risperidone was found to be more effective than haloperidol in the treatment of behavioral symptoms, impulsivity, language skills, and impaired social relations in children with AD. These results demonstrated that both drugs were safe and well tolerated in the treatment of AD.

Comparison of long-term efficacy and safety of risperidone and haloperidol in children and adolescents with autistic disorder

The aim of the study was to investigate safety, efficacy and tolerability of risperidone in comparison with haloperidol in the long-term treatment of autistic disorder. This was an open-label continuation study of the randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of risperidone and haloperidol study for 12 week in autistic children and adolescents. A total of 28 subjects between 8 and 18 ages with autistic disorder were enrolled to the open label phase of the study. Behavioral rating scales (Clinical Global Impression Scale [CGI-I], Ritvo-Freeman Real Life Rating Scale [RF-RLRS]), Aberrant Behavior Checklist [ABC], Turgay DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder Rating Scale [TPDDRS]) and safety assessment scales (Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale [ESRS], UKU-Side Effect Rating Scale) were performed at 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks, following the 12 week double-blind phase. Risperidone and haloperidol treatments were applied with a once daily dosage regimen as 0.01-0.08 mg/kg/day. Risperidone led to a significant greater reduction on CGI scale. There was significant improvement on RF-RLRS sensory motor and language subscale and ABC scores in risperidone group. Weight gain was observed more frequently in the haloperidol group at week 24. These results demonstrate that risperidone is more efficacious and well tolerated than haloperidol in the long-term maintenance treatment of autistic disorder.

Atypical Antipsychotics in Pediatric Psychiatry: Efficacy and Tolerability in Well-Designed Trials

Free AccessAtypical Antipsychotics in Pediatric Psychiatry: Efficacy and Tolerability in Well-Designed TrialsKimberly A. Stigler, David J. Posey and Christopher J. McDougleKimberly A. StiglerSearch for more papers by this author, David J. PoseySearch for more papers by this author and Christopher J. McDougleSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:June 2005https://doi.org/10.1521/capn.8.1.8.22949PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations AboutSuggested ReadingsAman , M. G., De Smedt, G., Derivan, A., et al. (2002). Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of risperidone for the treatment of disruptive behaviors in children with subaverage intelligence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(8), 1337–1346. Crossref, Google ScholarFindling , R. L., McNamara, N. K., Branicky, L. A., et al. (2000). A double-blind pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of conduct disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(4), 509–516. Crossref, Google ScholarFrazier , J. A., Biederman, J., Tohen, M., et al. (2001). A prospective open-label treatment trial of olanzapine monotherapy in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 11(3), 239–250. Crossref, Google ScholarGaffney , G. R., Perry, P. J., Lund, B. C., et al. (2002). Risperidone versus clonidine in the treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(3), 330–336. Crossref, Google ScholarKumra , S., Frazier, J. A., Jacobson, L. K., et al. (1997). Childhood-onset schizophrenia: a double-blind clozapine-haloperidol comparison. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 1090–1097. Crossref, Google ScholarMalone , R. P., Cater J., Sheikh, R. M., et al. (2001). Olanzapine versus haloperidol in children with autistic disorder: an open pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(8), 887–894. Crossref, Google ScholarMartin , A., Koenig, K., Scahill, L., et al. (1999). Open-label quetiapine in the treatment of children and adolescents with autistic disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 9(2), 99–107. Crossref, Google ScholarMcConville , B. J., Arvanitis, L. A., Thyrum, P. T., et al. (2000). Pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and clinical effectiveness of quetiapine fumarate: an open-label trial in adolescents with psychotic disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 61, 252–260. Crossref, Google ScholarMcDougle , C. J., Kem, D. L., Posey, D. J. (2002). Case series: use of ziprasidone for maladaptive symptoms in youths with autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(8), 921–927. Crossref, Google ScholarPotenza , M. N., Holmes, J. P., Kanes, S. J., et al. (1999). Olanzapine treatment of children, adolescents, and adults with pervasive developmental disorders: an open-label pilot study. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 19, 37–44. Crossref, Google ScholarResearch Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Autism Network: Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems (2002). New England Journal of Medicine, 347(5), 314–321. Crossref, Google ScholarSallee , F. R., Kurlan, R., Goetz, C. G., et al. (2000). Ziprasidone treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette's syndrome: a pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(3), 292–299. Crossref, Google ScholarShaw , J. A., Lewis, J. E., Pascal, S., et al. (2001). A study of quetiapine: efficacy and tolerability in psychotic adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 11(4), 415–424. Crossref, Google ScholarSnyder , R., Turgay, A., Aman, M., et al. (2002). Effects of risperidone on conduct and disruptive behavior disorders in children with subaverage IQs. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(9), 1026–1036. Crossref, Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 8Issue 1Feb 2003 Information© The Guilford PressPDF download

Acute accidental overdosage of haloperidol in children

We report the details of an accidental overdosage of haloperidol in 24 children in one hospital in Kyushu, Japan. Evidence of acute toxicity included disturbances in consciousness (24/24), tremors in the extremities (16/24), an oculogyric or similar crisis (14/24), dysarthria (9/17), drooling (8/24), akathisia (6/20), hyperreflexia (6/24) and opisthotonos (3/24). Laboratory examinations revealed late‐onset transient thrombocytosis (5/24), elevated AST and GPT (1/24) and abnormal ECG with prolonged QT interval in 2 of 8 children. We detected haloperidol in 11 of 18 children whose blood was specifically examined within four days after the final haloperidol administration. The maximum serum haloperidol level was 28.9 ng/ml. The mean half‐life of haloperidol in the serum of five children (age range 2–10 years) was 18.6 ± 12.2 h (mean ± SD) (range 9.1–39.4 h).

Acute accidental overdosage of haloperidol in children.

We report the details of an accidental overdosage of haloperidol in 24 children in one hospital in Kyushu, Japan. Evidence of acute toxicity included disturbances in consciousness (24/24), tremors in the extremities (16/24), an oculogyric or similar crisis (14/24), dysarthria (9/17), drooling (8/24), akathisia (6/20), hyperreflexia (6/24) and opisthotonos (3/24). Laboratory examinations revealed late-onset transient thrombocytosis (5/24), elevated AST and GPT (1/24) and abnormal ECG with prolonged QT interval in 2 of 8 children. We detected haloperidol in 11 of 18 children whose blood was specifically examined within four days after the final haloperidol administration. The maximum serum haloperidol level was 28.9 ng/ml. The mean half-life of haloperidol in the serum of five children (age range 2-10 years) was 18.6 +/- 12.2 h (mean +/- SD) (range 9.1-39.4 h).

A danger of haloperidol therapy in children

Attention is directed to the potential danger of therapy with haloperidol in children. Its value in reducing the excessive movements of Sydenham chorea must be weighed against the usual tendency of this disorder to remit spontaneously and the occasional tendency of the drug to cause castastropic adverse reaction

Methylphenidate and Haloperidol in Children

Twenty-four hyperactive or unsocialized-aggressive children participated in an exploratory double-blind crossover study comparing the cognitive effects of methylphenidate hydrochloride (0.3 mg/kg), two doses (0.25 and 0.05 mg/kg) of haloperidol, and inert placebo. Each subject received each of four drug conditions, drug order being randomized by a Latin square design. At the end of each 18-day trial period, attention, immediate recognition memory, reaction times, and seat activity were tested. While drug effects were small, methylphenidate and, to a lesser extent, the low dose of haloperidol, facilitated performance, whereas there was some suggestion that the high dose of haloperidol may have caused a slight deterioration in performance. These results are contrasted with effects on social behavior where the latter improved behavior. No differences attributable to diagnosis were found.