Hallucinations In Patients Research Articles

Application of Rebuke Techniques and Spiritual Remembrance Therapy for Hallucination Patients in the Purbaratu Community Health Center,Tasikmalaya City

Hallucinations are one of the symptoms of mental disorders in individuals characterized by sensory alterations of perception , perceiving false sensations in the form of sounds, visions, tastings, touching or discolorations that actually feel a stimulus that no client who experiences hallucinations can lose control of himself so as to harm himself, others and the environment. How to control hallucinations, one of which is to rebuke hallucinations by rejecting the hallucinations that appear can control hallucinations. Zikir is defined as all kinds of forms of remembering Allah, mentioning the name of Allah, either by reading tahlil, prayer beads, tahmid, taqdis, takbir, tasmiyah, hasbalah, asmaul husna, or reading prayers that are mat'sur from the Prophet Muhammad SAW. knowing the description of the application of rebuking techniques and zikir spiritual therapy, knowing the ability to control hallucinations after rebuking techniques and zikir spiritual therapy are carried out. The design in this study is qualitative with a case study approach to explore problems in hallucinatory patients using rebuking techniques and spiritual therapy. Data collection with assessment and instruments of signs and symptoms as well as instruments of the ability to control hallucinations. The results of the second study of patients after the act of rebuking and spiritual therapy suggested a decrease in the signs and symptoms of hallucinations as well as the ability to control the patient's hallucinations. In patient 1 there was a decrease in signs and symptoms by 7 signs and symptoms, in patient 2 as many as 4 signs and symptoms. The conclusion after the implementation of the technique of rebuking and spiritual therapy of thought the researcher was able to describe the application, signs and symptoms, the ability to constrict hallucinations. Suggestions for other studies to study in more depth and in conducting research can use a longer time so that the data obtained are more accurate and more convincing that the application of rebuking and spiritual therapy can be useful when hallucinations appear.

Neurophysiological evidence of motor preparation dysfunction to inner speech in schizophrenia

IntroductionAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in schizophrenia have been suggested to arise from failure of corollary discharge mechanisms to correctly predict and suppress self-initiated inner speech. However, it is unclear whether such dysfunction is related to motor preparation of inner speech during which sensorimotor predictions are formed. The contingent negative variation (CNV) is a slow-going negative event-related potential that occurs prior to executing an action. A recent meta-analysis has revealed a large effect for CNV blunting in schizophrenia. Given that inner speech, similar to overt speech, has been shown to be preceded by a CNV, the present study tested the notion that AVHs are associated with inner speech-specific motor preparation deficits.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to provide a useful framework for directly testing the long-held idea that AVHs may be related to inner speech-specific CNV blunting in patients with schizophrenia. This may hold promise for a reliable biomarker of AVHs.MethodsHallucinating (n=52) and non-hallucinating (n=45) patients with schizophrenia, along with matched healthy controls (n=42), participated in a novel electroencephalographic (EEG) paradigm. In the Active condition, they were asked to imagine a single phoneme at a cue moment while, precisely at the same time, being presented with an auditory probe. In the Passive condition, they were asked to passively listen to the auditory probes. The amplitude of the CNV preceding the production of inner speech was examined.ResultsHealthy controls showed a larger CNV amplitude (p = .002, d = .50) in the Active compared to the Passive condition, replicating previous results of a CNV preceding inner speech. However, both patient groups did not show a difference between the two conditions (p > .05). Importantly, a repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant interaction effect (p = .007, ηp2 = .05). Follow-up contrasts showed that healthy controls exhibited a larger CNV amplitude in the Active condition than both the hallucinating (p = .013, d = .52) and non-hallucinating patients (p < .001, d = .88). No difference was found between the two patient groups (p = .320, d = .20).ConclusionsThe results indicated that motor preparation of inner speech in schizophrenia was disrupted. While the production of inner speech resulted in a larger CNV than passive listening in healthy controls, which was indicative of the involvement of motor planning, patients exhibited markedly blunted motor preparatory activity to inner speech. This may reflect dysfunction in the formation of corollary discharges. Interestingly, the deficits did not differ between hallucinating and non-hallucinating patients. Future work is needed to elucidate the specificity of inner speech-specific motor preparation deficits with AVHs. Overall, this study provides evidence in support of atypical inner speech monitoring in schizophrenia.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

MENTAL NURSING CARE FOR MR. E WITH A FOCUS ON THE INTERVENTION OF PROVIDING MUROTAL PSYCHORELIGIOUS THERAPY OF THE QUR'AN TO CONTROL AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS AT RSJD DR. ARIF ZAINUDDIN SURAKARTA

Background: The number of people with mental disorders in Indonesia has increased 7 per million households, this figure shows that every 1000 households there are 7 people with mental disorders, so this number is estimated to reach 450,000 people suffering from mental disorders (Ministry of Health, 2018). In 2019, Central Java had 81,983 people with mental disorders (Central Java Provincial Health Office, 2019). Based on the results of the medical recap of RSJD dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta from March 2022 to January 2023, data on mental disorder clients were obtained as many as 40475, namely 32951 clients with hallucinations. The effect if not immediately addressed is a loss of self-control. Treatment of hallucinatory patients with pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods, namely Murottal Qur'an. The purpose of the study was to provide mental nursing care to Mr. E with a focus on the intervention of providing Qur'anic murotal psychoreligious therapy to control auditory hallucinations at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta.Methodology: The type of research used in this paper is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The design used in the research is a case study. The research subject is Mr. E schizophrenic patient with delusional hallucinatory disorders.Results: Researchers identified, after doing Qur'anic Murotal Psychoreligious Therapy for 7 days in the morning and evening, patient was able to overcome his hallucinations, feelings became calmer and less anxious.Conclusion: There is an effect on the effectiveness of Qur'anic Murotal Psychoreligious Therapy to reduce hallucinations in patients.Keywords: hallucinations, psychoreligious therapy, murotal QuranBibliography: 8 (2010-2023)

Pengaruh Pemberian Latihan Mengontrol Halusinasi terhadap Kemampuan Keluarga dalam Merawat Pasien Halusinasi

Hallucinations have a big impact on patients so they cannot control themselves, the family is the main support for the patient, one of the efforts to improve the ability of the family to treat hallucination patients is to provide hallucination control exercises with video demonstrations of how to control hallucinations.This study aims to determine the effect of providing hallucination control exercises on the ability of families to treat hallucinatory patients.This research is a quantitative research with a quasi experimental approach, taking samples using a purposive sampling technique which were divided into 2 groups of 17 experimental groups and 17 control groups. The measuring tool uses questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability and a video demonstration of exercises to control hallucinations. Data analysis uses the Wilcoxon test.The ability of the families of the experimenters in the pretest were mostly in the sufficient category of 14 people (82.4%),While the results of the pretest in the control group were all in the sufficient category with 17 people (100%). After giving hallucination control exercises and conducting post tests in the experimental group, most of them were in the good category, 10 people (58.8%). While the control group in the post test obtained almost all results in the sufficient category of 15 people (88.2%). There is an effect of providing training to control hallucinations on the family's ability to treat hallucinatory patients with a pvalue of 0.003 (<0.05).Providing hallucination control exercises can improve the ability of families to treat hallucinatory patients.

Pareidolias are a function of visuoperceptual impairment.

Pareidolias, or the misperception of ambiguous stimuli as meaningful objects, are complex visual illusions thought to be phenomenologically similar to Visual Hallucination (VH). VH are a major predictor of dementia in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and are included as a core clinical feature in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). A newly developed Noise Pareidolia Test (NPT) was proposed as a possible surrogate marker for VH in DLB patients as increased pareidolic responses correlated with informant-corroborated accounts of VH. This association could, however, be mediated by visuoperceptual impairment. To understand the drivers of performance on the NPT, we contrasted performances in patient groups that varied both in terms of visuoperceptual ability and rates of VH. N = 43 patients were studied of whom n = 13 had DLB or PD with Dementia (PDD); n = 13 had PD; n = 12 had typical, memory-onset Alzheimer's Disease (tAD); and n = 5 had Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) due to Alzheimer's disease. All patient groups reported pareidolias. Within the Lewy body disorders (PD, DLB, PDD), there was no significant difference in pareidolic response rates between hallucinating and non-hallucinating patients. Visuoperceptual deficits and pareidolic responses were most frequent in the PCA group-none of whom reported VH. Regression analyses in the entire patient cohort indicated that pareidolias were strongly predicted by visuoperceptual impairment but not by the presence of VH. These findings suggest that pareidolias reflect the underlying visuoperceptual impairment of Lewy body disorders, rather than being a direct marker for VH.

Penerapan Strategi Pelaksanaan Keluarga Terhadap Kemampuan Keluarga Dalam Merawat Pasien Halusinasi Di Puskesmas Cikoneng Ciamis

According to WHO (2019) Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects 20 million people worldwide. Schizophrenia is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self, and behavior. The act of nursing to treat patients with hallucinations is the application of implementation strategies for either the individual or the family. The intervention carried out in this study is a family implementation strategy. The family implementation strategy is one of the interventions given to families who care for hallucinatory patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the description of the application of family implementation strategies to the family's ability to treat hallucinatory patients. Based on data from the research site, namely at the Cikoneng Health Center, there were 84 people who experienced mental disorders. This type of research uses a qualitative design with a case study approach to explore nursing problems and client and family problem solving techniques, by making observations and carrying out actions to provide family implementation strategies and evaluating the results of observation actions into the form of descriptive narratives. This study required 2 subjects to be studied for comparison after the action, the study was carried out from April 7 to April 14, 2022, each subject was visited for 4 days, both subjects were equally treating vision hallucination patients. The assessment of the subject's ability was assessed using the family ability instrument, and there was a change in the patient's family ability before and after being given a family implementation strategy. The results of this study can be concluded that there is an influence of the application of family implementation strategies on the family's ability to treat hallucinatory patients. The advice for researchers is to further examine family implementation strategies with a longer time to improve family abilities more effectively so that the patient's chances of being controlled are better.

Penerapan Terapi Zikir Terhadap Penurunan Tanda dan Gejala Halusinasi pada Pasien Halusinasi RSJD Dr. RM. Soedjarwadi Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Hallucinations are one of the symptoms of mental disorders in which the patient experiences changes in sensory perception, feels false sensations in the form of sound or without real stimulation. One way to reduce the impact of auditory hallucinations is by giving dhikr therapy. The objective of the research; To find out the results of the implementation of the Application of Dhikr Therapy on the Level of Signs and Symptoms of Hallucinations in Hallucinatory Patients at Rsjd Dr. Rom. Soedjarwadi, Central Java Province. Method; The research design was conducted on 2 respondents by way of pretest posttest by interviewing and providing observation sheets for signs and symptoms of the ability to control hallucinations. Results; signs and symptoms of the respondent's hallucinations before the dhikr therapy was carried out. Tn.I was at a score of 28 with severe hallucinations and Mr.E was at a score of 26 with severe hallucinations. Then the signs and symptoms of hallucinations after the respondent's dhikr therapy were carried out, Mr. I was at a score of 9 with mild hallucinations and development of signs and symptoms in respondents in controlling auditory hallucinations before and after the dhikr therapy intervention. Summary; There are differences in development before and after dhikr therapy in patients with auditory hallucinations with both respondents having mild hallucinations.

Penerapan Terapi Musik Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Halusinasi Pendengaran pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa di Rumah Sakit Jiwa RSJD Dr. RM Soedjarwadi Klaten Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Hallucinations are one of the symptoms of mental disorders in which the patient experiences changes in sensory perception, feels false sensations in the form of sound or without real stimulation. One way to reduce the impact of auditory hallucinations is by providing music therapy. Purpose To find out the results of the implementation of the application of music therapy to the level of auditory hallucinations at Rsjd Dr. RM. Soedjarwadi, Central Java Province. Methods The research design was conducted on 2 female respondents by way of pretest posttest with the action of Mozart music therapy for 10-15 minutes and using interviews and providing AHRS observation sheets. The results of 2 respondents before music therapy were in severe auditory hallucinations, namely Mrs.S with a score of 24 and Mrs. SR 27. Then the auditory hallucinations of 2 respondents after music therapy were in mild and moderate hallucinations with a score of Mrs.S 7 and Ny. Sr 12. There are differences in the development of respondents with auditory hallucinations before and after the music therapy intervention. Conclusion There are differences in development before and after music therapy is carried out in hallucinatory patients.

Nursing Care: A Combination of Occupational Therapy and Psycho-Religious Therapy for Changes in Hallucination Symptoms in Schizophrenia Patients at Nur Ilahi Rehabilitation Clinic

Aims: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that causes hallucinations, delusions, and highly disorganized thinking and behavior that impairs daily functioning, and can be disabling. 90% of people with schizophrenia have hallucinations. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of occupational therapy and psychoreligious therapy in reducing hallucinations. Objective: This study was to determine the effectiveness of occupational therapy and psychoreligious therapy in reducing hallucinations. Methode : This study used a case study with a nursing care approach that includes assessment to evaluation. Patients with auditory hallucinations were given occupational therapy to shift focus and psycho-religious therapy to provide relaxation for hallucinatory patients. This therapy was given for 10 days with a total of 5 meetings. Results: Problems with sensory perceptual disturbances: reduced auditory hallucinations. Patient get a combination of occupational therapy and psycho-religious therapy which shows changes in behavior such as clients being able to control hallucinations and taking part in activities held by the clinic. This can be seen from the client being able to control his hallucinations, the frequency of hallucinations is reduced, and the client regularly participates in activities held by the clinic. Conclusion: Occupational therapy and psycho-religious therapy can be used for patients with hallucinatory disorders. Therapy is only carried out for 10 days to the patient. so the recommendation for further research is the need to analyze the effectiveness of occupational therapy and psycho-religious therapy to reduce the symptoms of auditory hallucinations. Nursing Implications: This research was conducted to become a basis for nurses in carrying out nursing interventions in patients with sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations and can be a guideline for health facilities to make policies regarding interventions for clients with auditory hallucinations.

Images Of Self-Treatment In Patients Of Hallucinations

Purpose: this study was to describe the knowledge of self-care in patients with hallucinatory mental disorders such as bathing, dressing and decorating, eating and drinking, defecating and urinating, nail clippers, and toothbrushes. Methods: this research is a quantitative descriptive method using a cross sectional design. The sample in this study were 20 respondents with hallucinatory mental disorders at the Mentari Hati Tasikmalaya Foundation. Results: description of self-care knowledge in hallucinatory patients with 20 respondents. In the female sex, as many as 15 people got an average self-care knowledge of 34%, while in men there were 5 people with an average more than women, namely 35. For the average self-care knowledge of men and female is 34.5. Conclusion: this study shows that self-care knowledge in hallucinatory mental disorder patients is lacking.

Knowledge and Attitudes Associated with Family Participation in Hallucinating Patient Care at Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Mental Hospital in 2022

Hallucinations are sensory perception disturbances that occur in the absence of external stimuli and can affect any sensory system. They can occur when a person's consciousness is strong or full. People who have hallucinations frequently believe that their surroundings are the source or cause of their symptoms. The goal of this study was to determine how families' knowledge and attitudes related to the care of patients with hallucinations at the Prof. Mental Hospital. Muhammad Ildrem Medan, M.D. Year 2022. The research design employed cross-sectional methodology and analytical research. A total of 98 people were randomly selected from the study population, which included the patient's family. To collect data, questionnaires were distributed. In data analysis, the statistical test for Spearman's rank was used. According to the findings of the study, there is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and family involvement in treating hallucination sufferers. A descriptive analytic method with a cross sectional design, a total sample of 98 respondents, an accidental sampling strategy, and a total population of 8,893 respondents were used in this study. According to the study's findings, there was a relationship between family participation and hallucinatory patients with a 95% confidence level of 0.38 (0.05) and a relationship between family attitudes and family participation with a value of 0.19 (0.05). It is hoped that respondents will increase and strengthen their influence on hallucinatory subjects by providing assessment, instrumental, informational, and emotional support.

Hallucinations in Hearing Impairment: How Informed Are Clinicians?

Patients with hearing impairment (HI) may experience hearing sounds without external sources, ranging from random meaningless noises (tinnitus) to music and other auditory hallucinations (AHs) with meaningful qualities. To ensure appropriate assessment and management, clinicians need to be aware of these phenomena. However, sensory impairment studies have shown that such clinical awareness is low. An online survey was conducted investigating awareness of AHs among clinicians and their opinions about these hallucinations. In total, 125 clinicians (68.8% audiologists; 18.4% Ear-Nose-Throat [ENT] specialists) across 10 countries participated in the survey. The majority (96.8%) was at least slightly aware of AHs in HI. About 69.6% of participants reported encountering patients with AHs less than once every 6 months in their clinic. Awareness was significantly associated with clinicians' belief that patients feel anxious about their hallucinations (β = .018, t(118) = 2.47, P < .01), their belief that clinicians should be more aware of these hallucinations (β =.018, t(118) = 2.60, P < .01), and with confidence of clinicians in their skills to assess them (β = .017, t(118) = 2.63, P < .01). Clinicians felt underequipped to treat AHs (Median = 31; U = 1838; PFDRadj < .01). Awareness of AHs among the surveyed clinicians was high. Yet, the low frequency of encounters with hallucinating patients and their belief in music as the most commonly perceived sound suggest unreported cases. Clinicians in this study expressed a lack of confidence regarding the assessment and treatment of AHs and welcome more information.

Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Perawatan Diri Pada Pasien Halusinasi

Patients with hallucinations lose the ability to be oriented towards reality, so they need social support, especially from their families to be able to carry out activities such as self-care. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and self-care of patients with hallucinations. This study uses a correlational research design with a cross sectional study approach with a research sample of 104 respondents taken by total sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires and data analysis used is univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using chi square statistical test. The results showed that the description of hallucinatory patients in the Cilegon City Health Center Work Area mostly received good support from their families in terms of self-care (73.1%) and most of them had good self-care (70.2%). There is a relationship between family support and self-care in hallucinating patients in the Cilegon City Health Center Work Area in 2021 (p value: 0.000). &#x0D; Keywords: hallucinations, self-care, family support

Pengaruh Terapi Okupasi Aktivitas Waktu Luang (Menyapu, Membersihkan Tempat Tidur, Menanam Tanaman dan Menggambar) terhadap Gejala Halusinasi Pendengaran

The prevalence of severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia reaches about 400,000 people or as much as 1.7 per 1,000 population. The most common hallucinations are auditory hallucinations, about 70% of patients experience auditory hallucinations, 20% visual hallucinations, and 10% are olfactory, tasting and tactile hallucinations. One of the treatments for hallucinatory patients is occupational therapy. Occupational therapy is a very important way or form of supportive psychotherapy to improve patient recovery. Occupational therapy helps stimulate the patient through activities he enjoys. One type of occupational therapy that is indicated for patients who hallucinate is free time activities such as sweeping, cleaning the bed. The purpose of writing this literature review was to determine the effect of occupational therapy on symptoms in patients with auditory hallucinations based on a literature review search. The design in this scientific paper was a literature review using an electronic database search method and a google schoolar search source. From this writing, found 3 articles on Google Schoolar that discussed the effect of occupational therapy on leisure activities based on classification and outcomes in accordance with the research criteria. The results of the literature review of the three articles show that occupational therapy for leisure activities has an effect on changes in symptoms in patients with auditory hallucinations. Based on these results, occupational activity therapy can be applied to patients with auditory hallucinations to reduce their symptoms.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Cara Merawat Pasien Halusinasi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kebun Handil Kota Jambi

Schizophrenia is a disease that affects the brain and causes strange thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements and behaviors. One of the symptoms of schizophrenia is hallucinations. Hallucinations are one of the symptoms of sensory perception disturbance experienced by mental patients. The role and duty of family health is to care for family members who are sick, the family plays an important role as a support during the recovery and rehabilitation of patients, the support provided by the family will prevent recurrence. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and family support by caring for hallucination patients in the work area of Kebun Handil Health Center, Jambi City. This study used an analytical survey method with a cross sectional design which aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and family support in caring for hallucinated patients using purposive sampling technique. The total population in this study were 144 people with a total of 53 respondents. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between family knowledge and how to treat hallucination patients with a P-value of 0.00. There is a relationship of family support by caring for hallucinatory patients with a P - Value of 0.00. It is hoped that the family will provide free time, sufficient knowledge and extra attention in helping patients recover

Cognitive correlates and baseline predictors of future development of visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies

Visual hallucinations (VH) are common in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and are among the core symptoms for its clinical diagnosis. VH have been associated with cognitive alterations, although research findings in this area are still limited. The present study aimed at investigating the cognitive correlates of VH in DLB, and the baseline neuropsychological features predicting the future development of VH. A cross sectional study compared the cognitive profile of 18 DLB patients with VH with that of 32 DLB without VH. A longitudinal study involved 34 DLB patients with no VH at baseline, among whom 17 developed VH and 17 remained without VH at follow-up. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to investigate what baseline cognitive variables independently predicted the development of VH at follow-up. DLB patients with VH had worse performance on the copy of the Rey complex figure, assessing visual construction/perception, than those without VH in the cross-sectional study (p = .001). Significant impairments in attention and visual memory delayed recall were also present. Baseline performance on the immediate prose memory was the only significant predictor of VH development in the longitudinal study (p = .03). DLB patients are more at risk of developing VH if presenting more severe immediate verbal memory impairment, and this might be related to a combination of (a) DMN-related dysfunctions, (b) impairment in medial temporal lobe-related functions, and (c) frontal abilities including long-term encoding of information and working memory. Differences between hallucinating and non-hallucinating patients in visual construction/perception, typical of DLB symptomatology, may be essential for VH to emerge in individuals with an at risk cognitive profile.

White Matter Microstructural Differences between Hallucinating and Non-Hallucinating Schizophrenia Spectrum Patients.

The relation between auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) and white matter has been studied, but results are still inconsistent. This inconsistency may be related to having only a single time-point of AVH assessment in many studies, not capturing that AVH severity fluctuates over time. In the current study, AVH fluctuations were captured by utilizing a longitudinal design and using repeated (Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale) PANSS questionnaire interviews over a 12 month period. We used a Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging (MR DTI) sequence and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to explore white matter differences between two subtypes of schizophrenia patients; 44 hallucinating (AVH+) and 13 non-hallucinating (AVH-), compared to 13 AVH- matched controls and 44 AVH+ matched controls. Additionally, we tested for hemispheric fractional anisotropy (FA) asymmetry between the groups. Significant widespread FA-value reduction was found in the AVH+ group in comparison to the AVH- group. Although not significant, the extracted FA-values for the control group were in between the two patient groups, for all clusters. We also found a significant difference in FA-asymmetry between the AVH+ and AVH- groups in two clusters, with significantly higher leftward asymmetry in the AVH- group. The current findings suggest a possible qualitative difference in white matter integrity between AVH+ and AVH- patients. Strengths and limitations of the study are discussed.

The Effects of Cognitive Therapy on Changes in Symptoms of Hallucinations in Schizophrenic Patients

Schizophrenia is a disease that affects various areas of individual function, including thinking, communicating,accepting, interpreting reality, feeling, and showing emotions. Non-pharmacological therapy given toovercome hallucinations of schizophrenic patients is cognitive therapy. The purpose of this study was todetermine the effect of cognitive therapy on changes in hallucinatory symptoms in schizophrenic patientsat Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital in Medan. The design of this study is Quasi-Experimental OneGroup Pre and Post-test design, The study population was all hallucinatory patients with a total of 286 anda sample of 19 respondents. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data collection tools usinga questionnaire that has been tested for validity. The statistical test used is the paired t test. The results ofthis study obtained the value of p = 0,000 (p <0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant effect on changes inhallucinatory symptoms in schizophrenic patients before and after cognitive therapy.

Interaction of Background Noise and Auditory Hallucinations on Phonemic Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and P3a Processing in Schizophrenia.

Auditory hallucinations (AHs) are among the cardinal symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ). During the presence of AHs aberrant activity of auditory cortices have been observed, including hyperactivation during AHs alone and hypoactivation when AHs are accompanied by a concurrent external auditory competitor. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a are common ERPs of interest within the study of SZ as they are robustly reduced in the chronic phase of the illness. The present study aimed to explore whether background noise altered the auditory MMN and P3a in those with SZ and treatment-resistant AHs.MethodsMMN and P3a were assessed in 12 hallucinating patients (HPs), 11 non-hallucinating patients (NPs) and 9 healthy controls (HCs) within an auditory oddball paradigm. Standard (P = 0.85) and deviant (P = 0.15) stimuli were presented during three noise conditions: silence (SL), traffic noise (TN), and wide-band white noise (WN).ResultsHPs showed significantly greater deficits in MMN amplitude relative to NPs in all background noise conditions, though predominantly at central electrodes. Conversely, both NPs and HPs exhibited significant deficits in P3a amplitude relative to HCs under the SL condition only.SignificanceThese findings suggest that the presence of AHs may specifically impair the MMN, while the P3a appears to be more generally impaired in SZ. That MMN amplitudes are specifically reduced for HPs during background noise conditions suggests HPs may have a harder time detecting changes in phonemic sounds during situations with external traffic or “real-world” noise compared to NPs.

Pengaruh Terapi Zikir Terhadap Penurunan Tanda Dan Gejala Halusinasi Pada Pasien Halusinasi

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Halusinasi adalah salah satu gejala gangguan jiwa di mana pasien mengalami perubahan sensorik dalam persepsi indra, ketidakmampuan untuk membedakan rangsangan internal (pikiran) dan rangsangan eksternal (dunia luar), adanya persepsi yang salah tentang lingkungan tanpa benda. Dzikir atau dzikir secara etimologis didefinisikan sebagai kegiatan untuk mengingat Tuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi zikir pada pengurangan tanda-tanda dan gejala halusinasi pada pasien halusinasi di RSJ Tampan Provinsi Riau. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-exprimental, dengan populasi semua pasien halusinasi di ruang Sebayang dan Indragiri dengan total 21 pasien. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang menjalani halusinasi yang telah menjalani SP 1 (berteriak) dan SP 2 (berbicara dengan orang lain), dan alat untuk pengumpulan data menggunakan format penilaian perawatan jiwa dengan mengukur perhitungan frekuensi terjadinya halusinasi sebelum dan sesudah terapi diberikan zikir, menggunakan data analisis analisis bivariat dengan uji T. Diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai rata-rata keberhasilan kontrol halusinasi pada pasien halusinasi sebelum terapi dzikir adalah 16,90 dan setelah terapi zikir adalah 5,48 dengan nilai p = 0,000 &lt;0,05. Hal ini berarti ada pengaruh terapi zikir pada kontrol halusinasi pada pasien halusinasi. Perlunya terapi zikir dilakukan dalam pengelolaan layanan keperawatan dalam layanan standar prosedur operasional (SOP) pada terapi yang dijadwalkan.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;