Half Of Day Research Articles

Electrophysiology lab efficiency using cryoballoon for pulmonary vein isolation in Latin America: A sub-analysis of the Cryo Global Registry Study.

Cryoballoon ablation for pulmonary vein isolation is a time-efficient procedure that can alleviate stress on electrophysiology lab resources. This analysis modeled the impact of cryoballoon ablation on electrophysiology lab operation using data from Latin America. Data from centers in Argentina, Mexico, Colombia, and Chile of the were used as inputs for an electrophysiology lab efficiency simulation model. The model used the assumption that either two (today's electrophysiology lab operations) or three (including electrophysiology lab operational changes) cryoballoon ablation procedures could be performed per day. The endpoints were the percentage of days that resulted in 1) overtime and 2) time left for an extra non-ablation electrophysiology procedure. Data from a total of 232 procedures from six Latin American centers were included in the analysis. The average electrophysiology lab occupancy time for all procedures in Latin America was 132 ± 62 minutes. In the Current Scenario (two procedures per day), 7.4% of simulated days resulted in overtime, and 81.4% had enough time for an extra electrophysiology procedure. In the Enhanced Productivity Scenario (three procedures per day), 16.4% of days used overtime, while 67.4% allowed time for an extra non-ablation electrophysiology procedure. Using real-world, Latin American-specific data, we found that with operational changes, three ablation procedures could feasibly be performed daily, leaving time for an extra electrophysiology procedure on more than half of days. Thus, use of cryoballoon ablation is an effective tool to enhance electrophysiology lab efficiency in resource-constrained regions such as Latin America.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Mental Health Screening Tools After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mental health disorders are common after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and likely exacerbate postconcussive symptoms and disability. Early detection could improve clinical outcomes, but the accuracy of mental health screening tools in this population has not been well established. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalizaed Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Primary Care PTSD (Posttramatic Stress Disorder) Screen for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5) (PC-PTSD-5) in adults with mTBI. This diagnostic study was performed as a secondary analysis of a cluster randomized clinical trial. Self-report mental health screening tools (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PC-PTSD-5) were administered online 12 weeks after mTBI and compared against a structured psychodiagnostic interview (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-5 (MINI) over videoconference at the same time. Adults with mTBI (N = 537) were recruited from February 1, 2021, to October 25, 2022. Presence of a major depressive episode, anxiety disorders, and PTSD were determined by a blinded assessor with the MINI. Diagnostic accuracy statistics were derived for the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PC-PTSD-5. Findings were disaggregated for participants with and without persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) by International and Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision criteria. Data were available for 499 of 537 trial participants, 278 (55.7%) of whom were female; the mean (SD) age was 38.8 (13.9) years. Each screening questionnaire had strong diagnostic accuracy in the overall sample for optimal cut points (area under the curve [AUC], ≥0.80; sensitivity, 0.55-0.94; specificity, 0.64-0.94). The AUC (difference of 0.01-0.13) and specificity (difference, 5-65 percentage points) were lower in those with PPCS present compared with PPCS absent, but the prevalence of at least 1 mental health disorder was 3 to 5 times higher in patients with PPCS present. The GAD-7 had slightly better performance than the PC-PTSD-5 for detecting PTSD (AUC, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.80-0.89] vs 0.80 [95% CI, 0.72-0.87]). The optimal cutoff on the PHQ-9 was 5 or more symptoms experienced on more than half of days; on the GAD-7, a total score of at least 7. The findings of this diagnostic study suggest that the PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PC-PTSD-5 accurately screen for mental health disorders in patients with mTBI. Future research should corroborate optimal test cutoffs for this population.

Size-resolved aerosol at a Coastal Great Lakes Site: Impacts of new particle formation and lake spray.

The quantification of aerosol size distributions is crucial for understanding the climate and health impacts of aerosols, validating models, and identifying aerosol sources. This work provides one of the first continuous measurements of aerosol size distribution from 1.02 to 8671 nm near the shore of Lake Michigan. The data were collected during the Lake Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS 2017), a comprehensive air quality measurement campaign in May and June 2017. The time-resolved (2-min) size distribution are reported herein alongside meteorology, remotely sensed data, gravimetric filters, and gas-phase variables. Mean concentrations of key aerosol parameters include PM2.5 (6.4 μg m-3), number from 1 to 3 nm (1.80x104 cm-3) and number greater than 3 nm (8x103 cm-3). During the field campaign, approximately half of days showed daytime ultrafine burst events, characterized by particle growth from sub 10 nm to 25-100 nm. A specific investigation of ultrafine lake spray aerosol was conducted due to enhanced ultrafine particles in onshore flows coupled with sustained wave breaking conditions during the campaign. Upon closer examination, the relationships between the size distribution, wind direction, wind speed, and wave height did not qualitatively support ultrafine particle production from lake spray aerosol; statistical analysis of particle number and wind speed also failed to show a relationship. The alternative hypothesis of enhanced ultrafine particles in onshore flow originating mainly from new particle formation activity is supported by multiple lines of evidence.

0650 Sleep and Mental Health Symptoms at the Population Level: Differences by Race/Ethnicity

Abstract Introduction There is a bidirectional relationship between sleep duration and mental health. This relationship may be impacted by race/ethnicity, indicating differential risk profiles across groups. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether race/ethnicity play a role in the relationship between sleep and mental health at the population level. Methods Data were used from adults age 18+ from the combined 2015-2020 (pre-pandemic) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N=16,399). Habitual sleep duration was self-reported in half-hour increments and categorized as < 5h, 5.5-6.5h, 7-8h, 8.5-9.5h, or 10+h. Mental health symptoms in the past 2 weeks were reported as “not at all,” “several days,” “>half of days” or “nearly every day” and included depressed mood, anhedonia, feelings of guilt, appetite dysregulation, and suicide ideation. Race/ethnicity was self-reported as Non-Hispanic White (N=5499), Black/African-American (N=3975), Mexican-American (N=2337), Other Latinx (N=1846), Asian/Pacific-Islander (N=1984), or Multiracial/Other (N=758). Additional covariates included age and sex. NHANES sample weights were used for all analyses. Ordinal logistic regressions examined mental health outcomes associated with sleep duration stratified by race/ethnicity. Results Sleep duration by race/ethnicity interactions were seen for depression (p=0.006), guilt (p=0.009), appetite dysregulation (0.049), and suicide ideation (p< 0.0005), with a trend for anhedonia (p=0.185). Non-Hispanic Whites demonstrated U-shaped relationships with all mental health variables. Blacks/African-Americans demonstrated U-shaped relationships for depressed mood and anhedonia and relationships with short sleep for guilt, appetite, and suicide ideation. Mexican Americans demonstrated a U-shaped association with guilt and an association between long sleep and depressed mood, anhedonia, and suicide ideation. Other Latinx showed a U-shaped association with guilt and appetite, and long sleep relationships with depressed mood, anhedonia, and suicide ideation. Asians/Pacific-Islanders showed short sleep associations with depressed mood and appetite. Multiracial/Others showed a short sleep relationship with guilt and a long sleep relationship with suicide ideation. Conclusion Both short and long sleep duration were associated with worse mental health. However, this pattern of relationships depends on race/ethnicity, as different groups show different patterns of vulnerability. Future work should explore mechanisms of differential vulnerability and develop targeted interventions based on risk profile. Support (if any)

GROWING OF ORGANIC FISH IS IN NATURAL POND

The ponds of natural zones is economic activity on the most variety’s in limit, a sent to maximal of ecosystem maintenance – adherent territory to the pond and variety of flora and fauna. To organization of organic fish-farms on the ponds is natural zones creates the swift reduction to the prime price of fish is for a sale and improvement of basic fish economic indexes.
 
 Researches our methodology is envisaged the study of features are growing and productivity of fish in three types: Сarpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypophthalmichthys in the conditions of natural pond at the organic growing of fish-farming.
 Feeding of the Сarpio in a natural pond at the organic growing of fish-farming was begun, when the temperature of water attained +10˚С. For the gradual getting is a fish used to the feed, in places laid into forage out is feed small portions for 2-3 kg. The feeding was distributed once for twenty-four hours of morning oh a 6-7 o'clock, that fish of him used to 12 hour, and in the second half of day she consumed natural forage. The important index of working out of fish is a rate of height, most intensive grew and the greatest average daily increases marked for fishes in the summer months of from 4 to 15 g on a head for twenty-four hours. At the beginning of growing of the Сarpio is consumption of forage on a head for twenty-four hours, were within the limits of a 4-5 g, and maximal a 7 g, showed up in August, when increase under yearling is mainly arrived at due to feeding of forage.
 The economic indicators of growing of fishes testify at the terms of natural pond and of organic fish-farms, about the greatest profitability is the Hypophthalmichthys – the 61 percent, in a subzero the Сarpio – 42 percent and on three types of fishes – 52,67 percent. Complex intensification of growing of fish is the scientifically reasonable system of economies of resources and money, is the mortgage of efficient of the economy of organic fish-farms.

MO823: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 in Hemodialysis Patients

BACKGROUND AND AIMSThe COVID-19 pandemic has required containment measures in Morocco, as well as practice changes in haemodialysis centres. Haemodialysis patients are at risk of aggressive symptoms of COVID-19, which significantly increases mortality. This particular situation creates psychological disorders in those patients, such as anxiety, sleep disorders and irritability. The objective of our study is to assess the mental health status of haemodialysis patients during the pandemic and the psychological impact of confinement. This assessment will allow the adaptation of a supportive relationship with the patient through adequate psychological management.METHODThis is a mono-centric, non-interventional study that included all haemodialysis patients at the haemodialysis centre of the nephrology department at Ibn Rochd University Hospital during the confinement period (March 2020–June 2020).This study is based on a pseudonymized paper questionnaire, during confinement, based on two psychiatric scores (GAD-7, PHQ-9) that assess anxiety, depression as well as sleep disorders, which allowed us to collect socio-demographic data, anxiety depressive symptomatology and an assessment of sleep disorders.RESULTSThe average age of our population is 47.4 years old, 54% of whom are men. Almost 34.54% have a primary level of education The higher level of education was 14.45%, while 14.54% are illiterate. Regarding family status, 45% are married. Those who are living alone accounted for 55%. Before confinement, 57.15% patients were daily workers; 10 others had no work, among 3 of them were students; the 5 others were managers. After starting haemodialysis, 65.7% patients stopped their work.We noted that 38% of patients had a feeling of nervousness and anxiety for several days, while 9% had the same symptoms for more than half of the day. Concerning excessive anxiety, it was noted in 34% of patients for several days, while 16% showed excessive anxiety for more than half of the days. Concentration difficulties were noted in 41% of the patients for over several days and 5% more than half of days, while 58% of patients never had difficulties of concentration. The irritability feeling over several days was noted in 43% of patients, while 5.4% presented a feeling of irritability more than half of the days. Difficulty falling asleep is noted in 49% of patients, while 51% of patients have no difficulty falling asleep. The feelings of sadness, depression and despair are noted in 49% of patients for several days and 5% for more than half of the days. Sleep disorders were noted in 60% of patients on several days, while 40% had sleep disorders on more than half of the days. Loss of appetite was noted in 65% of patients. A lack of self-confidence was noted for several days in 43% of patients. 29% of patients lost the pleasure of having fun for several days. A total of 36% were slow or restless for several days. None of our patients expressed a desire to end their life, and 49% did not lose the pleasure of doing their daily activity.CONCLUSIONThe mental health of dialysis patients assessed appears to be unaffected during this first wave of the pandemic. This could be due to high resilience, higher unemployment among dialysis patients, a reduced impact of social distancing on the haemodialysis population, strict precautionary measures and perceived support from health workers, who can all contribute to addressing this pandemic.

Accuracy and Safety of Dexcom G7 Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults with Diabetes.

Background:We evaluated the accuracy and safety of a seventh generation (G7) Dexcom continuous glucose monitor (CGM) during 10.5 days of use in adults with diabetes.Methods:Adults with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes (on intensive insulin therapy or not) participated at 12 investigational sites in the United States. In-clinic visits were conducted on days 1 or 2, 4 or 7, and on the second half of day 10 or the first half of day 11 for frequent comparisons with comparator blood glucose measurements obtained with the YSI 2300 Stat Plus glucose analyzer. Participants wore sensors concurrently on the upper arm and abdomen. Accuracy evaluation included the proportion of CGM values within 15% of comparator glucose levels >100 mg/dL or within 15 mg/dL of comparator levels ≤100 mg/dL (%15/15), along with the %20/20 and %30/30 agreement rates. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) between temporally matched CGM and comparator values was also calculated.Results:Data from 316 participants (619 sensors, 77,774 matched pairs) were analyzed. For arm- and abdomen-placed sensors, overall MARDs were 8.2% and 9.1%, respectively. Overall %15/15, %20/20, and %30/30 agreement rates were 89.6%, 95.3%, and 98.8% for arm-placed sensors and were 85.5%, 93.2%, and 98.1% for abdomen-placed sensors. Across days of wear, glucose concentration ranges, and rates of change, %20/20 agreement rates varied by no more than 9% from the overall %20/20. No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusions:The G7 CGM provides accurate glucose readings with single-digit MARD with arm or abdomen placement in adults with diabetes. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04794478

Depression and suicide risk during the Covid-19 pandemic at a Brazilian public health psychosocial addiction care center: a preliminary report.

To evaluate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on depressive symptoms and suicide risk among patients receiving treatment at a Public Health Psychosocial Addiction Care Center (CAPS AD III) in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Questions from the Coronavirus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) translated into Brazilian Portuguese were used to evaluate 70 patients' perceptions of and behaviors during the Covid-19 pandemic. Validated Brazilian versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms, suicide risk, and anxiety symptoms. A multiple logistic regression model was used to evaluate predictors of suicide risk in the sample. Around 70% of patients reported moderate depressive symptoms and 30% reported severe depressive symptoms, 17% of patients reported having thoughts of suicide or death on more than half of days and 10% reported having them daily. The logistic regression model identified history of alcohol use as the main predictor of suicide risk in (OR 13.0, p = 0.03). Individuals with a history of alcohol consumption had significantly higher suicide risk scores at a psychosocial public health care center in Brazil during the Covid-19 pandemic. This result may be important for devising better strategies and interventions to support this specific population profile.

Abstract 16105: Depression Modulates Polygenic Risk of Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Disease

Introduction: Depression is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether depression modifies genetic risk of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disease is unknown. Methods: We included genotyped, unrelated European ancestry individuals in the UK Biobank. Using genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from studies external to the UK Biobank, we generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD, 74 SNPs), hypertension (75 SNPs), type 2 diabetes (T2D, 64 SNPs), atrial fibrillation (25 SNPs), and ischemic stroke (11 SNPs). Participants were stratified by PRS for each condition as low (quintile 1), intermediate (quintiles 2-4), and high (quintile 5) genetic risk. Cox models tested the association of depression frequency with each incident condition among individuals with high PRS, with adjustment for age, sex, the first 20 principal components, genotyping array, and Townsend deprivation index. Additional models further adjusted for health behaviors (exercise, tobacco and alcohol use, vegetable and fresh fruit intake) and tested associations across the PRS spectrum. Results: Among 348,083 individuals, 78,664 (22.6%) reported depression in the past 2 weeks, including 14,776 (4.2%) with depression more than half of days. Depression burden modified the risk of incident CAD across the spectrum of CAD polygenic risk (Figure 1A). Among individuals with high PRS, lack of depression was associated with lower risk of incident CAD (HR 0.70, 95% 0.58-0.86), hypertension (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.50-0.67), T2D (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.41-0.55), and atrial fibrillation (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.89) compared to those with a high burden of depression. These risk reductions were minimally attenuated after further adjustment for health behaviors (Figure 1B). Conclusions: Lower burden of depression was associated was decreased risks of cardiovascular disease among individuals at high genetic cardiovascular risk.

Radiologists Make More Errors Interpreting Off-Hours Body CT Studies during Overnight Assignments as Compared with Daytime Assignments.

Background There is increasing research attention on the impact of overnight work on radiologist performance. Prior studies on overnight imaging interpretive errors have focused on radiology residents, not on the relative performance of board-eligible or board-certified radiologists at night compared with during the day. Purpose To analyze the rate of clinically important interpretation errors on CT examinations of the abdomen, pelvis, or both ("body CT studies") committed by radiology fellows working off-hours based on day or night assignment. Materials and Methods Between July 2014 and June 2018, attending physicians at one tertiary care institution reviewed all body CT studies independently interpreted off-hours by radiologists in an academic fellowship within 10 hours of initial interpretation. Discrepancies affecting acute or follow-up clinical care were classified as errors. In this retrospective study, the error rate for studies interpreted during the day (between 7:00 am and 5:59 pm) was compared with that of studies interpreted at night (between 6:00 pm and 6:59 am). Error rate in the first half of day and night assignments was compared with error rate in the latter half. Statistical analyses used χ2 tests and general estimating equations; significance was defined as P < .05. Results There were 10 090 body CT studies interpreted by 32 radiologists. Forty-four of 2195 daytime studies (2.0%) had errors compared with 240 of 7895 nighttime studies (3.0%; P = .02). Twenty-two of 32 (69%) radiologists had higher error rates for night cases (P = .03). There were more errors in the last half of a night assignment (125 of 3358, 3.7%; P = .002) compared with the first half (115 of 4537, 2.5%). Conclusion On the basis of a subspecialty review, clinically important off-hours body CT interpretation errors occurred more frequently overnight and more frequently in the latter half of assignments, with more radiologists having worse error rates at night compared with the day. © RSNA, 2020 See also the editorial by Bruno in this issue.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARENTING INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR KINDERGARTEN BASED ON SMS-GATEWAY

Kinderganten is a second home for a children for about 5 – 7 years, it is accroded from national constitution No.20 year 2003 article 8 about early education for children. Based on it, kinderganten management should be able to coordinate with the parents in order to giving a centralized information to avoiding false information from unresponsible person. Delivering an Information to the parents is always be an issued whereas the parents is not available to be contacted by the management, for instance when the students go to the kinderganten for the half of day, the management could not contact the parents due to limited communication, therefore the students is going home alone. The teacher also have an issues to communicate with the parents regarding the development of their children, the development of sensor motoric, and the development of social life of their children. Given the background, it need a centered information system based on short message service (SMS)-gateway by using waterfall a method which using Life Cycle Development System. The system which will be develop will help a parents to gathering centered information from Kinderganten Management, therefore, if there is newest information regarding schedule of holiday, event, study, the parents will be informed soon and well.

Effecacy evaluation of treatment and rehabilitation in patients with the first psychotic episode with biological rhythms

The aim of this research was in evaluation of efficacy of treating-rehabilitating arrangements in patients with the first psychotic episode taking into account biological rhythms.Materials and methods: The study included 130 patients with the first psychotic episode. The characteristic of biological rhythms was carried out according to Estberg scale, evaluation of life quality according to SF-36 scale.Results: The psychoeducational program was realized in stages and included informational (explanation to patient and relatives of the necessity to take medicaments and visit doctors, the features of disease manifestation, prognosis), therapeutical (prevention of autoaggressive tendencies), social (overcoming of patient’s stigmatization, formation of support by family members) and final stages (formation of new forms of reaction in the case of aggravation). According to the distribution in groups of daily working activity, the psychoeducational arrangements with patients of the first group was realized in second half of day, and with ones of the second and third group – in first half.Conclusions: As a result of the study it was established, that the use of clinical protocols of treatment together with psychoeducational program taking into account biological rhythms in patients with the first psychotic episode leads to the improvement of their life quality. So, the further studies in this field are the priority direction in psychiatry to improve the prophylactic, treating and rehabilitating arrangements

Сorrection of cardiorenal risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

There were carried out the analysis of the results the study of Vazonat (meldonium) efficiency in 55 patients with the type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) during 12 weeks. Therapy with meldonium statistically improves the indexes of the kidney functional state, that showed up to the significantly decrease of microalbuminuria. creatinine and increases of glomerular filtration rate. In type 2 DM patients Vazonat improves the heart morphological and functional parameters, has additional nephroprotective effect, reduces content of triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins in comparing to base therapy. Taking into account hypoglycemic effect and positive influence on lipid metabolism, displays of diabetic nephropathy, Vazonat is recommended to plugging in the therapy of DM patients, especially for persons with the high risk of cardiovascular diseases. The next chart of Vazonat setting is recommended for patients with type 2 DM: tablets 500 mg twice on twenty-four hours in the first half of day during 12 weeks

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Combination Therapy Using Drugs Vazonat and Entrop in Patients with Chronic Toxic Liver Damage

The objective: to study the efficacy and safety of using in the complex treatment of cytoprotector Vazonat in combination with the nootropic medicine of entropy in patients with chronic toxic liver damage.&#x0D; Patients and methods. There were examined 60 patients (36 men and 24 women) with signs of liver toxicity in age from 35 to 63 years. The average age of the examined was 43.2±1.3 years. All patients were divided into two statistically homogeneous groups (main and control) for 30 people in each. Patients in both groups received diet therapy, hepatoprotective, according to indications – antispasmodic, choleretic, antisecretory drugs, and enzymes. The main group of patients in the combined therapy was additionally appointed Vazonat 500 mg per day (2 capsules per day) and Entrop 100 mg per day in the first half of day for 1 month.&#x0D; Results. Analysis of the obtained results testifies the effectiveness of additional use of drugs Vazonat and Entrop in combination with a standard hepatoprotective therapy in patients with chronic toxic liver in comparison of using only basic therapy. There was a positive dynamics of the main clinical syndromes. It was proved the positive impact of integrated therapy on the functional activity of the liver and also improving of cognitive abilities.&#x0D; Conclusion. Inclusion in comprehensive standard hepatoprotective therapy of patients with chronic toxic liver damage drugs Vazonat and Entrop accelerates the normalization of the functional state of the liver.

Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin occurrence north of Lantau Island, Hong Kong, based on year-round passive acoustic monitoring.

Long-term passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) was conducted to study Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins, Sousa chinensis, as part of environmental impact assessments for several major coastal development projects in Hong Kong waters north of Lantau Island. Ecological acoustic recorders obtained 2711 days of recording at 13 sites from December 2012 to December 2014. Humpback dolphin sounds were manually detected on more than half of days with recordings at 12 sites, 8 of which were within proposed reclamation areas. Dolphin detection rates were greatest at Lung Kwu Chau, with other high-occurrence locations northeast of the Hong Kong International Airport and within the Lung Kwu Tan and Siu Ho Wan regions. Dolphin detection rates were greatest in summer and autumn (June-November) and were significantly reduced in spring (March-May) compared to other times of year. Click detection rates were significantly higher at night than during daylight hours. These findings suggest high use of many of the proposed reclamation/development areas by humpback dolphins, particularly at night, and demonstrate the value of long-term PAM for documenting spatial and temporal patterns in dolphin occurrence to help inform management decisions.

Effect Of Exercise And Glycemic Index Of Carbohydrate Feeding On Postprandial Fat Oxidation

Exercise performed shortly before (i.e. within half of day) of a high fat meal is beneficial for stimulating fat oxidation after the meal. This benefit of exercise is unfortunately negated if the after-exercise food choice to replace the calories expended during exercise is one containing high-glycemic index (HGI) carbohydrates . PURPOSE: We determined the effect of consuming low-glycemic index (LGI) carbohydrates after an exercise session on fat oxidation and free fatty acid (FFA) levels after a subsequent high fat meal. METHODS: Using a randomized, counter-balanced cross-over design, 23 overweight or obese individuals (BMI>25 kg/m2) performed: 1) Walking exercise (90min) at 6pm followed by no meal (EX); 2) Exercise followed by a meal with LGI carbohydrates (i.e. lentils, EX-LGI); 3) Exercise followed by a meal with HGI carbohydrates (i.e. potatoes, EX-HGI); 4) A control condition with no exercise or meal (CNT). In all conditions, after a 10 hour fast, participants were given a standardized high fat meal. Fat oxidation was estimated before, and for 6h after the meal from respiratory gas measures, and FFA was determined from blood samples. RESULTS: There was a condition main effect for fat oxidation (n=23) with EX (0.115 SD 0.033 g/min) higher than EX-HGI (0.105 SD 0.026 g/min) and CNT (0.099 SD 0.029 g/min) (p<0.05), and EX-LGI (0.110 SD 0.032) g/min) higher than CNT (p<0.05). There was a main effect for FFA, with greater FFA for EX-LGI (0.53 SD 0.08 mmol/L) and EX (0.52 SD 0.13 mmo/L) compared to EX-HGI (0.43 SD 0.07 mmol/L) and CNT (0.44 SD 0.06 mmol/L). There was no difference between EX-HGI and CNT for any measure. CONCLUSION: A meal containing HGI carbohydrates consumed after an evening exercise session cancels the beneficial effect of exercise for stimulating fat mobilization and oxidation after a subsequent high-fat meal. Consuming a post-exercise meal with LGI carbohydrates does not cancel this benefit and may therefore be more beneficial for maintaining metabolic health. Supported by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada

X-ray development of the classical nova V2672 Ophiuchi with Suzaku

Abstract We report on the Suzaku detection of a rapid flare-like X-ray flux amplification early in the development of the classical nova V2672 Ophiuchi. Two target-of-opportunity ∼ 25 ks X-ray observations were made 12 and 22 d after the outburst. The flux amplification was found in the latter half of day 12. Time-sliced spectra are characterized by a growing supersoft excess with edge-like structures and a relatively stable optically-thin thermal component with Kα emission lines from highly ionized Si. The observed spectral evolution is consistent with a model that has a time development of circumstellar absorption, for which we obtained a decline rate of ∼ 10%–40% on a time scale of 0.2 d on day 12. Such a rapid drop of absorption and short-term flux variability on day 12 suggests inhomogeneous ejecta with dense blobs/holes in the line-of-sight. Then on day 22 the fluxes of both supersoft and thin-thermal plasma components became significantly fainter. Based on the serendipitous results we discuss the nature of this source in the context of both short- and long-term X-ray behavior.

Abstract 4788: A focused proteomics technology QUEST-MS identified a novel plasma prostate cancer biomarker polypeptide complementing PSA test

Abstract Prostate cancer accounted for more than 250,000 death worldwide in 2009, which was the 9th highest cause of cancer related death in Japan (The Population Survey Report 2010, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare). Although the widespread use of PSA test has contributed to the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, expanding overdiagnosis cases and unnecessary biopsies have emerged as a big issue. To identify novel plasma biomarkers that could complement the specificity of PSA test and improve diagnostic accuracy, especially in the early stage of prostate cancer, we employed a focused proteomic technology QUEST-MS (Quick Enrichment of Small Targets for Mass Spectrometry). The rapid 96-well format preparation method QUEST was simply based on sequential reversed phase chromatography purifications which allowed efficient enrichment of less than 20 kDa proteins from 116 plasma samples in a half of day, prior to LC/MS/MS analysis. In this biomarker screening experiment, plasma from 24 healthy controls, 19 benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) patients, and 73 prostate cancer patients (Gleason score 5-10) were analyzed with LTQ-Orbitrap-Velos mass spectrometer. The 116 LC/MS/MS raw data were directly loaded onto the Expressionist proteome server platform (Genedata AG) and subjected to data processing, label-free quantification analysis, and the following biomarker discovery analysis. We extracted peptides demonstrating prostate cancer-specific expression patterns by Absent-Present Search algorithm on the Expressionist Analyst module, which searched all-or-nothing peptides between two clinical groups (healthy control + BPH vs. prostate cancer). Finally 108 peptides were selected from over 100,000 peptides with the criteria; detection in at most 1 case among 43 controls and at least 12 cases among 73 prostate cancer patients. Simultaneously, protein identification analysis was processed on the Proteome Discoverer 1.3 software (Thermo Scientific) using the Sequest program, resulting in 1,126 non-redundant plasma protein identifications with false discovery rate &amp;lt; 1%. The list included the identification of PSA with 4 distinct high-confidence level peptides. Here we would like to show a successful identification of a new prostate cancer biomarker candidate polypeptide which displayed the Gleason score-dependent escalation of its plasma level among 12 prostate cancer samples, and only low level detection in 1 control sample. Although the prostate-specific expression feature of this polypeptide was quite similar with PSA, the pattern of positive cases was independent. Thus, the integration of biomarker focusing technology QUEST-MS and the high-end mass spectrometer analysis might be able to reach lots of unidentified low abundant (around 100 pg/ml) serum/plasma biomarkers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4788. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4788

Overlapping Melodic Alarms Are Almost Indiscriminable

We explore how accurately and quickly nurses can identify melodic medical equipment alarms when no mnemonics are used, when alarms may overlap, and when concurrent tasks are performed. The international standard IEC 60601-1-8 (International Electrotechnical Commission, 2005) has proposed simple melodies to distinguish seven alarm sources. Previous studies with nonmedical participants reveal poor learning of melodic alarms and persistent confusions between some of them. The effects of domain expertise, concurrent tasks, and alarm overlaps are unknown. Fourteen intensive care and general medical unit nurses learned the melodic alarms without mnemonics in two sessions on separate days. In the second half of Day 2 the nurses identified single alarms or pairs of alarms played in sequential, partially overlapping, or nearly completely overlapping configurations. For half the experimental blocks nurses performed a concurrent mental arithmetic task. Nurses' learning was poor and was no better than the learning of nonnurses in a previous study. Nurses showed the previously noted confusions between alarms. Overlapping alarms were exceptionally difficult to identify. The concurrent task affected response time but not accuracy. Because of a failure of auditory stream segregation, the melodic alarms cannot be discriminated when they overlap. Directives to sequence the sounding of alarms in medical electrical equipment must be strictly adhered to, or the alarms must redesigned to support better auditory streaming. Actual or potential uses of this research include the implementation of IEC 60601-1-8 alarms in medical electrical equipment.

Dynamic response to mountain breeze circulation in Alchichica, a crater lake in Mexico

In this paper we discuss the dynamic response to mountain breeze circulation in Alchichica, a deep crater lake in Mexico. A numerical model was used to simulate integrated drift currents based on wind data sampled at 1‐h intervals. The results are compared with those measured by an ADCP. Measurements taken with a level recorder demonstrate that the mountain breeze is coordinated with diurnal level inclinations up to 11 cm and that it simulates free seiches with a period of 2.7 and 2.1 min with amplitudes equal to 7 mm and 4 mm. Measurements carried out with a SBE‐19 profiler show that in the second half of day the breeze blowing from the north causes a sinking of the thermocline by 3 meters in the southern part of the lake. It appears that periodic inclinations of the thermocline serve as the main mechanism in the generation of internal waves in Lake Alchichica.