Half Moon Research Articles

Abstract: Slip Rate and Earthquake History of the Northern San Gregorio Fault, Half Moon Bay to Moss Beach, CA 

Abstract: Slip Rate and Earthquake History of the Northern San Gregorio Fault, Half Moon Bay to Moss Beach, CA 

Receptors as drug targets: [formula omitted] & J.W. Black, James Black Foundation, 68 Half Moon Lane, Dulwich, London SE24 9JE, UK

Receptors as drug targets: [formula omitted] & J.W. Black, James Black Foundation, 68 Half Moon Lane, Dulwich, London SE24 9JE, UK

Acoustic thermometry of ocean climate: Comparison of acoustic, altimetric, and historical data

Approximately 15 months of data are now available from the 75-Hz ATOC transmissions from the Pioneer Seamount off Half Moon Bay, CA to horizontal arrays at 11 U.S. Navy horizontal arrays in the northeast Pacific, two vertical arrays, one near Hawaii and the other near Kiritimati (Christmas) Island. The data demonstrate that ocean basin temperatures can be determined with millidegree precision. Travel time variations at tidal frequencies agree well with predicted values. Low-frequency travel time variations provide range and depth averaged temperatures that are comparable to seasonal temperature variations derived from historical oceanography (Levitus94). They are also comparable (but not identical) to temperature variations derived from contemporaneous sea surface height variations measured by satellite altimetry. Preliminary results of combining the acoustic and altimetric data in a numerical general circulation model of the North Pacific are also available.

Home From Half Moon Lake

Home From Half Moon Lake

Catch, effort and sampling strategies in the highly variable sardine fisheries around East Java, Indonesia

Temporal and spatial patterns in the fishery for Sardinella spp. around East Java, Indonesia, were studied in an attempt to develop an efficient catch and effort sampling strategy for this highly variable fishery. The inter-annual and monthly variation in catch, effort and catch per unit of effort (cpue) are quantified and discussed, using official catch reports and reports from local village cooperatives. In 1993 the total catch of Sardinella spp. in East Java was 56 000 tonnes and the total effort was equivalent to 5000 units of purse seine. A maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of 40 000 tonnes of sardines is estimated, at an optimum effort of 3000 units of purse seine. The present study focuses on the purse seine fishery since this fishery accounts for more than 50% of all sardines landed in East Java. Purse seiners use lamps to attract fish and peak catches are landed around the new moon. Catches are smaller towards the full moon, when the fishery is inactive during a period of 10 days. Considerable differences exist between monthly catches from peak seasons and monthly catches from off-seasons. The fishery is further characterized by a relatively large amount of zero catches. A catch and effort data recording system (CEDRS) is developed based on the analysis of temporal variation in cpue and effort in the purse seine fishery for sardines. A purse seine fleet, with a variable size of 40 to 70 vessels, was sampled in Probolinggo harbour at the Madura Strait, during 4 to 6 days per month from March 1990 until March 1991. The overall mean effort of the fleet was 36.1 trips per day, of which on average 12.6 trips per day resulted in non-zero catches. The geometric mean cpue over the non-zero catches was 404 kg per trip. The proposed CEDRS has an accuracy of 30% for the estimated annual catch, 21% for the cpue and 9% for the effort (non-zero catches). A minimum required number of 4 sampling days per month is calculated for the temporally stratified CEDRS, with months used as strata within years, and lunar phases as strata within months. For this purpose, the lunar cycle is divided in three lunar phases, one around the full moon, one around half moon and one around the new moon. Within the proposed CEDRS, no sampling takes place in the lunar phase around full moon, when the fishery is inactive. The sample of 4 days per month is proportionally allocated over the other two lunar phases.

Myodocopid Ostracoda of Pillar Point Harbor, Half Moon Bay, California

Myodocopid Ostracoda of Pillar Point Harbor, Half Moon Bay, California

5562891 Method for the production of carbon dioxide hydrates : Spencer Dwain;North Wheeler Half Moon Bay, CA, United States assigned to The California Institute of Technology; Electric Power Research Institu

5562891 Method for the production of carbon dioxide hydrates : Spencer Dwain;North Wheeler Half Moon Bay, CA, United States assigned to The California Institute of Technology; Electric Power Research Institu

Night of the Half Moon

Night of the Half Moon

Atypical findings in a patient with a renal milk-of-calcium cyst

A case of an atypical renal milk-of-calcium cyst is presented. Although this cyst contained a colloidal suspension of calcium crystals, other signs and findings typical for a milk-of-calcium cyst were lacking. No connection of the cyst to the collecting system could be identified, no “half moon” phenomenon was found on upright and cross-sectional radiography, and the biopsies taken from the wall of the cyst showed sclerosis instead of urothelium. From the present case it was concluded that renal milk-of-calcium cysts may sometimes occur in the absence of findings that are typical of this particular entity. Therefore, this disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal calcifications of unknown origin.

The Effect of Moonlight on Activity Patterns of Adult and Juvenile Prairie Rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis)

This study investigated the effect of moonlight on the nocturnal activity patterns of prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis). The effect of simulated moonlight on six adults and eight juvenile prairie rattlesnakes was tested under laboratory conditions in which temperature, feeding frequency, and photoperiod were controlled. The snakes were maintained and tested under a summer photoperiod of 14L: 10D h cycle. The activity of each snake was measured using an index of tracking in the sand floor of a test chamber under simulated new, half, three-quarters, and full moon light (0.06, 0.35, 1.00, and 2.10 lux, respectively). Adult snake activity was significantly greater in new moonlight (starlight only) when com- pared to activity in three-quarter and full moonlight. The adults also significantly increased activity in open areas in dim moonlight. Variations in simulated moonlight had no effect on the activity of the juvenile rattlesnakes or in their use of edge and open areas. Bright moonlight avoidance by adult snakes may be a strategy that reduces detection by visually hunting predators and may also be influenced by the activity patterns of their nocturnal rodent prey. The lack of moonlight avoidance by juvenile rattlesnakes may be related to utilization of nocturnally inactive prey, such as lizards and neonatal rodents.

Lunar periodicity in catch rate and reproductive condition of adult eastern king prawns, Penaeus plebejus, in coastal waters of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

This study examined the lunar and die1 variation in catch rates and reproductive condition of adult eastern king prawns, Penaeus plebejus, in relatively deep (160 m) coastal waters off south- eastern Queensland. Females numerically dominated catches over most of the lunar cycle and constituted 76% of the weight of the catch. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed an interaction between lunar phase and sex; catches peaked during Lunar Phase 3 (full moon � 3 days) and were particularly marked for males. This was the only period during the lunar cycle when the sex ratio approached 1 : 1. There was also an interaction between trawl-time and sex; male catch rates were at a minimum early in the evening, whereas female catch rates were at a maximum then and declined throughout the night. Trawler logbook catch rate data from the same area over a similar period indicated an interaction between lunar cycle and lunar phase. ANOVA revealed an effect of the interaction between phase and sex on the incidence of soft prawns; the incidence of soft males increased during Phase 4 (half moon waning to new moon � 3 days). Ovary weight also varied between phases and was higher during Phases 2 (half moon waxing to full moon � 3 days) and 4 (half moon waning to new moon � 3 days). Trends in the ovary weight and the incidence of histologically mature and ripe females suggested there are two periods of increased spawning activity during each lunar cycle. A cyclic regression fitted to the data explained 93% of the variation in the incidence of ripe females between samples. The influence of these cyclic trends in catch rate and reproductive condition should be considered when monitoring the spawning stock in the fishery and when planning sampling strategies in any future reproductive studies.

The Rainbow Nation Identity and Transformation

In Cape Town's Kirstenbosch Botanic Gardens are the remains of a hedge of bitter almonds, planted by Jan van Riebeeck in February 1660 to protect the settlement, the grain farms and the forests from the Khoikhoi, who inhabited the area when the Dutch arrived. Planted in a half moon and punctuated by watch-towers, it effectively isolated the settlers from the African continent. The bitter-almond hedge grew into the apartheid divisions that ran through every aspect of life in South Africa, and that invaded the psyche of the nation1 (Fig. 1). Since the first democratic elections held in South

The Half-Moon Sign: A Useful Roentgen Sign of Saccular Aneurysm of the Aortic Arch

The half-moon sign is defined as a shadow seen on the lateral chest radiograph consisting of a smooth, partially demarcated opacity with the rounded portion of the half moon projecting over the aortic lumen at the level of the aortic arch, but the rest of the opacity merging with the aorta. In this study, we intended to evaluate the clinical usefulness of half-moon sign in aiding a diagnosis of saccular aneurysm of the aortic arch. This series consisted of 57 patients with aortic arch aneurysm and 46 patients with a variety of nonvascular intrathoracic masses that presented as soft-tissue masses adjacent to the aortic arch on the frontal chest radiographs. The half-moon sign was evaluated independently by two senior chest radiologists who had no knowledge of the final causes. The half-moon sign was shown on the lateral chest radiographs in 5 of 10 patients with saccular aortic arch aneurysm but absent in 47 patients with fusiform aortic arch aneurysm. Furthermore, this roentgen sign was not seen on the lateral chest radiographs in 46 patients with nonvascular intrathoracic masses. In this selected population, the sensitivity and specificity of the half-moon sign in aiding a diagnosis of saccular aneurysm of the aortic arch were 50% and 100%, respectively. The half-moon sign shown on the lateral chest radiograph is highly suggestive of the saccular aortic arch aneurysm.

Chemistry and Origin of Miocene and Eocene Oils and Tars in the Onshore and Offshore Santa Cruz Basins, California: ABSTRACT

The Santa Cruz (La Honda) Basin is a small [open quote]slice[close quote] of the San Joaquin Basin that has been displaced c. 300 km to the northwest by the San Andreas Fault. The poorly-explored offshore area that now lies within the Monterey Bay NMS includes portions of the Outer Santa Cruz and Bodega basins. A modest amount (c. 1.3 MM bbl) of variable-quality oil has been produced from Eocene and Pliocene pay zones in the La Honda Field. Much smaller amounts of light oil ([ge]40[degrees] API) have been produced from three other fields (Oil Creek; Moody Gulch; Half Moon Bay). Large tar deposits also outcrop near the city of Santa Cruz. Proven source rocks in this basin include the Eocene Twobar Shale and three Miocene units: the Lambert Shale, Monterey Formation, and the Santa Cruz Mudstone. A high-gravity oil sample from the Oil Creek Field contains isotopically-light carbon ([delta][sup 13]C = - 28.2 per mil) and has a relatively high pristane/phytane ratio. This oil was generated at high temperature (c. 140[degrees]C) by pre-Miocene source rocks (probably the Twobar Shale). The presence of isotopically-heavy carbon in all other oil and tar samples demonstrates they were generated by Miocene source rocks. Butmore » the C[sub 7] oil-generation temperatures, sulfur content, vanadium/nickel ratios, and biomarker chemistry of these Miocene oils are significantly different than in Monterey oils from the prolific Santa Maria Basin (SMB). The sulfur content (8.0 wt%) and V-Ni chemistry of tarry petroleum recovered in the P-036-1 well (Outer Santa Cruz Basin) resembles the chemistry of very heavy (<15[degrees]API) oils generated by phosphatic Monterey shales in the SMB.« less

Surface ultrastructures of the third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma hispidum.

A scanning electron microscopic study was performed to observe the surface ultrastructures of the third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma hispidum. The early third-stage larvae (EL3) were collected from the viscera of Chinese loaches by the artificial digestion method. The advanced third-stage larvae (ADL3) were recovered from mice experimentally infected with EL3. Both larval worms were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in graded alcohol, dryed in critical point dryer, and coated with gold. The specimens were observed with a SEM (DS-130C). On the head bulb of both larval stage, the mouth had a pair of lateral lips of equal size and of half moon shape. Each lip had a couple of labial papillae and a small amphid located between the two papillae. The hooklets on the head bulb had single-pointed tips and curved posteriorly. The cuticular spines of EL3 were larger and more densely distributed in the anterior area (about 1.8 micron in length) and gradually decreased in size and number posteriorly. The cuticular spines in the anterior area of ADL3 were sharp-pointed and about 4.5 micron in length, and those in the middle area were about 1.75 micron. The velvety cuticular folds and dot-like cuticular spines were distributed in the posterior area. A cervical papilla was located between the 7th and 8th transverse striations. A dome-like body papilla was located at the posterior 1/4 of body. An ellipsoidal excretory pore was located between the 17th and 18th striations. From the above results, it is suggested that the characteristic SEM findings obtained from this study may be helpful on the species identification of larval Gnathostoma.

Breeding cycle and mating behaviour of the tropical ocypodidIlyoplax gangetica(Kemp 1919) (Crustacea Brachyura)

The population structure, female breeding cycle, male courting activity and the mating behaviour of the tropical ocypodid crab, Ilyoplax gangetica (Kemp 1919) were studied on the mud flat of Phuket Island, southern Thailand. The smallest sized female carrying eggs and male performing the waving display were 3.70 and 3.55 mm in carapace width, respectively. Both the male courting activity and the female breeding exhibited semilunar cycles. Males performing waving occurred in all the months of the year and during the periods between new or full moon and the following half moon on the monthly basis. After enticement into a waving male's burrow, the female copulated, laid eggs and released zoea after ca 12 days incubation. The pair was separated when the male left his burrow after the female laid eggs or within 6 days after pair formation.

A monitoring research plan for tourism in Antarctica

The Argentine Antarctic Institute and the Scott Polar Research Institute initiated joint research at South Shetland Island site in 1991–1992. The six-year project will monitor and evaluate touristic impacts on local biota, and provide data for appropriate tourism management. The research establishes control sites unaffected by human activity and examines sites under human pressure, both from scientific personnel and tourist presence. Tourism monitoring will record the numbers of tourists, their frequency of arrival, length of stay, and activities. This article reports preliminary data (1992–1993) from the Chinstrap penguin colony at Half Moon Island and the Adelie penguin rookery in Hope Bay, in the Antarctic Peninsula.

The Mahicans, the Dutch, and the Schodack Islands in the 17th and 18th Centuries

Documentary research calls attention to the historical and archaeological significance of an area that once consisted of three separate islands on the east side of the Hudson River below Albany. The area, called "Schodack," included the traditional council fire of the Mahican Indians. The history of these islands can be traced from 1609, when Hudson's ship, the Half Moon, anchored near them through the colonial period. Despite extensive purchases of land by the Dutch elsewhere on both sides of the river soon after 1630, the Mahican Indian owners and occupants of these fertile islands resisted selling them to the acquisitive Dutch until a period of crisis after 1660. Although a Mahican village continued to exist on the islands until the mid-18th century, the Mahicans were gradually dispersed through the combined effects of colonial wars and activities of land speculators and farmers, colonial officials, and missionaries. The islands currently are owned and protected as an undeveloped state park by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Deep deposits of river dredging spoil today cover the islands and hide the Mahican and colonial sites from archaeologists, but have also effectively protected them from vandals. Many questions about the Mahican and colonial European occupation of the islands remain that can be answered only through future archaeological efforts.

Monitoring shipborne visitors in Antarctica: a preliminary field study

ABSTRACTDuring every austral summer since the International Geophysical Year 1957–58 several thousand scientists and support staff have worked in Antarctica. A more recent development is the annual advent of 4000–5000 tourists, who now probably outnumber expedition members in the area covered by the Antarctic Treaty System. Most tourists come by ship, visiting coastal areas of the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Orkney and South Shetland islands that arc readily accessible beween November and March: smaller numbers visit the Ross Dependency and Adelie Land sectors. This article reviews Antarctic Treaty and International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) attitudes to tourism, and outlines a preliminary study of shipborne tourism between late December 1991 and March 1992 on Half Moon Island, South Shetland Islands. Within one month (January) a survey team from the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, recorded 14 visits by six tour ships, bringing more than 2000 tourists. In addition, attitudes and expectations of visitors were studied on five ships. Arising from this study, a programme of visitor monitoring is planned as a joint project between British, Chilean, and Argentine scientific institutions during the next five years. Objectives are to find ways of minimizing both short-term and long-term impacts of tourists and other visitors on breeding birds and other ecological communities, and to provide a factual basis for regulation under the Antarctic Treaty System.

Die homonyme Hemianopsie*

Anatomical principles of the suprachiasmatic pathway. The neuro-ophthalmological examination of homonymous hemianopia: qualitative perimetry (confrontation tests), quantitative perimetry (campimetry on the Bjerrum screen, kinetic perimetry, static perimetry, automatic computer controlled perimetry, perimetry with colours, flickerfusion frequency-perimetry), oculomotor disturbances (gaze strategies, opto-kinetic nystagmus), pupillary disturbances, visual evoked potentials, anosognosia, Riddoch-phenomenom, hemiachromatopsia. Synopsis of different forms of homonymous hemianopsia: Unilateral, total or quadrant, bilateral, temporal half moon preserved or not, homonymous scotomas, horizontal hemianopsia. Pathogenetic analysis: tumors, infarcts, cerebral injuries, neuro-surgical operations, inflammatory conditions, congenital or perinatal brain damages, migraine. Additional disturbances of visual space recognition (hemineglect), of colour vision and of reading ability (alexia). In connection with the above mentioned theme appreciation of the scientific work of Prof. E. Aulhorn (Tübingen) regarding the perimeter apparatus, the perimetric examination technique and the interpretation of the perimetric results.